JPH06156055A - Heat pump type air conditioning apparatus for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To achieve rapid regulation of blowout temperature, that is a problem of a heat pump type air conditioning apparatus for a vehicle, by a simple constitution. CONSTITUTION:A control unit 25 is provided for the purpose of controlling blowout temperature automatically, by controlling at least an electric-motor driven apparatus 9 for a compressor 1 and a mixing ratio adjusting apparatus which adjusts mixing ratio of interior air to exterior air, after computing necessary blowout temperature, in order to make the interior temperature reach a target temperature and to be maintained thereat automatically, basing on the set temperature and so on, specified by an exterior temperature, an interior temperature, a quantity of solar radiation and number of occupants.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air conditioner for cooling and heating a vehicle by a heat pump that drives a compressor with an electric motor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional fuel-driven automobile air conditioner, for example, as shown in the specific structure of FIG. 4, a cooling operation is performed by driving a compressor 1 for compressing a refrigerant with an engine to perform outdoor heat exchange. After the heat is radiated to the air outside the vehicle compartment to condense and liquefy the refrigerant by the air conditioner 2 and the outdoor heat exchanger blower 3, the refrigerant is guided to the indoor heat exchanger 5 via the refrigerant expansion device 4, and the indoor blower 6 The air blown by is evaporated while cooling and the cooling action is performed.

The heating action is to stop the compressor 1 and let the engine cooling water (warm water) flow through the heater core 15 to heat the air blown by the indoor blower 6.

The temperature of the air blown from the vehicle interior air outlets 10, 11, 12 is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the mix damper 16 arranged in the ventilation duct 20.
This is performed by adjusting the amounts of warm air flowing through the heater core 15 and cold air bypassing the heater core 15. Further, the compressor 1 can be driven by the engine and the air cooled by the indoor heat exchanger 5 can be reheated by the heater core 15. Therefore, by using the mix damper 16, it is possible to continuously change the blowout temperature from cooling to heating and vice versa.

On the other hand, FIG. 5 shows a heat pump air conditioner for driving a compressor by an electric motor, for example, an air conditioner for an electrically driven automobile. The cooling action is the same as the above, but since there is no engine cooling water (hot water) for the heating action, the four-way switching valve 7 is used downstream of the compressor 1 to reverse the refrigerant flow path,
After the air blown by the indoor air blower 6 is heated in the indoor heat exchanger 5 to condense and liquefy the refrigerant, the refrigerant is guided to the outdoor heat exchanger 2 via the refrigerant expansion device 4, where the vehicle exterior Heat pump heating is performed in which the refrigerant absorbs and evaporates while cooling the air. Therefore, since there is no mix damper like the air conditioner for a fuel-driven automobile, the blow-out temperature is adjusted by controlling the electric motor driving device 9 that drives the electric motor 8 to adjust the rotation speed of the compressor 1. Become.

[0006]

In a heat pump air conditioner in which a compressor is driven by an electric motor, for example, an air conditioner for an electrically driven automobile, it is necessary to adjust the blowout temperature only by the number of revolutions of the compressor as described above. The rate of change in the rotation speed of the (compressor) is limited to protect the compressor, and the response of the refrigeration cycle is slow, so the blowout temperature does not change rapidly at the desired rate.

However, if an electric heater having a heating capacity equivalent to that of a heater core is installed, or if two refrigeration cycles are provided and an indoor heat exchanger dedicated to heating is installed in place of the heater core, a mix damper is provided to drive a conventional fuel drive. It is possible to adjust the blowout temperature in the same manner as an automobile air conditioner. However, it is difficult to implement in the following points. The former requires a large amount of electric power, and in an electrically driven vehicle, the storage battery has a limited capacity, which affects the running performance of the vehicle. In addition, the latter requires a large installation space in the vehicle because of the large number of constituent parts as shown in FIG. 6, and also increases the cost.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a heat pump type air conditioner for a vehicle, which has a low power consumption and a simple structure, and which solves the above problems.

[0009]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a first aspect of the present invention is to provide an indoor air blower for introducing and blowing air into the vehicle interior, the air outside the vehicle, or a mixture of both. , A mixing ratio adjusting device for adjusting the mixing ratio, a ventilation duct for guiding the air blown by the indoor ventilation device into the passenger compartment, an indoor heat exchanger arranged in the ventilation duct, and a ventilation duct. An outlet of the passed air into the vehicle compartment, a four-way switching valve, a refrigerant expansion device, an outdoor heat exchanger installed outdoors, an outdoor heat exchanger blower device, and a compressor for compressing and circulating the refrigerant, An electric motor for driving the compressor and an electric motor drive device for driving the electric motor are provided,
The target temperature is automatically reached in the passenger compartment by the outside temperature, the passenger compartment temperature, the amount of solar radiation, the set temperature specified by the passenger, etc.
In order to maintain the temperature, a control unit is provided for calculating a necessary blowout temperature and controlling at least the motor drive device and the mixing ratio adjusting device to automatically adjust the blowout temperature.

As a second means, the present invention provides a vehicle speed detector to correct the control of the mixing ratio adjusting device according to the detected value in order to solve the above problems.

[0011]

According to the first means of the present invention, it is necessary to automatically reach and maintain the target temperature in the vehicle interior by the vehicle outside temperature, the vehicle interior temperature, the amount of solar radiation, the set temperature designated by the occupant, and the like. Since a control unit for automatically adjusting the blowout temperature by calculating the blowout temperature and controlling at least the electric motor drive device and the mixing ratio adjusting device is provided, the following operation can be performed.

At low outside air temperature, the two are mixed by a mixing ratio adjusting device for adjusting the mixing ratio of the air inside the vehicle and the air outside the vehicle, and the compressor (electric motor) is driven by the motor so that the calculated blowout temperature is obtained. The control unit activates the device. Here, when it is necessary to change the blowout temperature, and when there is no urgency, the compressor (electric motor) is operated by the electric motor drive device, and when urgent, the mixing ratio adjusting device is operated. Since the temperature of the air outside the vehicle compartment is low, if the mixing ratio of the air outside the vehicle compartment is increased, the blowout temperature is lowered, and if it is decreased, the blowout temperature is raised.

Similarly, even at a high outside air temperature, both are mixed by a mixing ratio adjusting device for adjusting the mixing ratio of the air inside the vehicle and the air outside the vehicle, and the compressor (electric motor) is adjusted so as to obtain the calculated outlet temperature. The control unit activates the motor drive. If it is necessary to change the blowout temperature, and if there is no urgency, the compressor (electric motor) is driven by the electric motor drive device.
In case of rushing, operate the mixing ratio adjusting device. Since the temperature of the air outside the vehicle compartment is high, conversely to the above, if the mixing ratio of the air outside the vehicle compartment is increased, the outlet temperature rises, and if it decreases, the outlet temperature falls.

According to the second means of the present invention, since the vehicle speed detector is provided and the control of the mixing ratio adjusting device is corrected according to the detected value, it can be operated as follows.

When the vehicle speed is high and the traveling dynamic pressure is high, a large amount of air outside the vehicle compartment is introduced. Therefore, the blowout temperature decreases at a low outside temperature, and the blowout temperature increases at a high outside temperature. Therefore, when the vehicle speed is high, the mixing ratio adjusting device is operated to reduce the mixing ratio of the air outside the vehicle compartment, so that an appropriate blowout temperature can be obtained.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a vehicle heat pump type air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention. Here, the difference from the configuration diagram of the conventional heat pump type air conditioner for a vehicle shown in FIG. 5 is that in the embodiment of the present invention, the vehicle exterior temperature sensor 21, the vehicle interior temperature sensor 22, Solar radiation sensor 23, set temperature input device 24, control unit 2
5, the introduction air switching damper actuator 26 and the vehicle speed detector 35 are added.

Further, FIG. 3 shows an outlet temperature for keeping the indoor temperature at 25 ° C. with respect to the vehicle exterior temperature and the amount of solar radiation according to the embodiment of the present invention.

A is an outlet temperature for making the indoor temperature 25 ° C. with respect to each vehicle outside temperature when there is no solar radiation, and B is an indoor temperature with respect to each vehicle outside temperature when the amount of solar radiation is 25. C is the target temperature (in this case 25
C.), D is a mixing ratio adjusting device (in FIG. 1, the introduced air switching damper 19 and the introduced air switching damper actuator 2
6), the temperature of the air introduced into the indoor heat exchanger 5 (in this case, the temperature outside the passenger compartment itself), E is outside the passenger compartment by the mixing ratio adjusting device. When the air is 50% and the vehicle interior air is 50%, the temperature of the air introduced into the indoor heat exchanger 5 (in this case, the vehicle exterior air is 50% and the vehicle interior air is 50%, the vehicle interior temperature is 25%.
C is the intermediate value between the vehicle exterior temperature and the vehicle interior temperature of 25 ° C.).

FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of the operation of the vehicle heat pump type air conditioner according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Here, the operation of the heat pump type air conditioner for a vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention will be explained, particularly with respect to a change in the amount of solar radiation.

The control unit 25 uses the vehicle exterior temperature sensor 21, the vehicle interior temperature sensor 22, the solar radiation amount sensor 23, and the set temperature input device 24 as information on the vehicle exterior temperature, vehicle interior temperature, solar radiation amount, and set temperature, respectively. input.

Then, the target temperature is calculated by correcting the set temperature by the temperature outside the passenger compartment or the like. Next, it is determined whether to use the heating mode or the cooling mode based on the various data.

In the heating mode, the four-way switching valve 7
Is operated to obtain the flow of the refrigerant shown by the solid line in FIG.

If it is determined that the amount of solar radiation is large based on the information from the solar radiation amount sensor 23, the control unit 25
Activates the actuator 26 for the introduced air switching damper so that the introduced air switching damper 19 is set to 100
Move it to the position that becomes% and stop it.

Next, the control unit 25 calculates, based on the above information, the blowout temperature required to reach and maintain the vehicle interior temperature at the target temperature, and the ability of the compressor 1 to achieve the required blowout temperature ( Calculate the rotation speed). Then, the electric motor drive device 9 is operated, and the electric motor 8 (compressor 1)
The number of rotations of is the calculated value.

As described above, the vehicle interior temperature reaches and is maintained at the target temperature. In this situation, if there is no change in the amount of solar radiation, the control unit 25 uses the motor drive device 9
If the amount of solar radiation changes, the introduced air switching damper actuator 26 is operated to adjust the position of the introduced air switching damper 19 to quickly change the blowout temperature.

When the amount of solar radiation decreases, it is necessary to raise the blowout temperature. However, since it is in the heating mode and the temperature outside the vehicle interior is low, the air outside the vehicle interior can be reduced and the air inside the vehicle interior can be increased. After this operation, the control returns to the control of the electric motor drive device 9.

On the other hand, when the amount of solar radiation is judged to be small from the information from the solar radiation amount sensor 23, the control unit 2
5 operates the introduced air switching damper actuator 26 to move the introduced air switching damper 19 to the vehicle exterior air introduction 50.
%, The air is introduced into the passenger compartment 50%, and the position is stopped.

Next, the control unit 25 calculates, based on the above information, the blowout temperature required to reach and maintain the vehicle interior temperature at the target, and the capacity (rotation of the compressor 1 of the compressor 1 for achieving the required blowout temperature. Number) is calculated. Then, the electric motor drive device 9 is operated to set the rotation speed of the electric motor 8 (compressor 1) to the calculated value.

As described above, the vehicle interior temperature reaches and is maintained at the target temperature. In this situation, if there is no change in the amount of solar radiation, the control unit 25 uses the motor drive device 9
If the amount of solar radiation changes, the introduced air switching damper actuator 26 is operated to adjust the position of the introduced air switching damper 19 to quickly change the blowout temperature.

When the amount of solar radiation decreases, the blow-out temperature needs to be raised, but since it is in the heating mode and the temperature outside the vehicle interior is low, the air outside the vehicle interior can be reduced and the air inside the vehicle interior can be increased.

Further, when the amount of solar radiation decreases, the blow-out temperature needs to be lowered, but since the temperature is the heating mode and the temperature outside the vehicle interior is low, the air outside the vehicle interior can be increased and the air inside the vehicle interior can be decreased. .

After this operation, the control returns to the control of the motor drive device 9. Here, description will be given at a vehicle exterior temperature of 10 ° C. in FIG.

When the amount of solar radiation is determined to be large, the air introduced into the vehicle exterior air is set to 100%, so the air introduced into the indoor heat exchanger 5 indicated by D is 10 ° C.

Since the blow-out temperature for setting the vehicle interior temperature to the target temperature of 25 ° C. is 35 ° C. indicated by B, in the indoor heat exchanger 5, the introduced air is divided by 25 ° C. which is the difference between 35 ° C. and 10 ° C. To heat, the control unit 25 calculates the capacity (rotation speed) of the compressor 1 and operates the electric motor drive device 9.

In this situation, when the amount of solar radiation decreases and becomes zero, the blowout temperature must be 45 ° C. indicated by A. At this time, since the indoor heat exchanger 5 is heated at 25 ° C., the air introduced into the indoor heat exchanger 5 has a difference of 20 ° C. between 45 ° C. and 25 ° C.
Since the temperature may be ℃, the outside temperature of the vehicle is 10 ° C and the inside temperature of the vehicle is 25
According to the ratio calculation of ° C, the ratio of the vehicle interior air 2 becomes the vehicle interior air 2.

On the other hand, when the amount of solar radiation is judged to be small, the air introduced into the vehicle interior air is 50%, and the air introduced into the vehicle interior air is 50%. (When the cabin temperature is stable at the target temperature of 25 ° C).

The blowout temperature for setting the vehicle interior temperature to the target temperature of 25 ° C. is 40 ° C. when the amount of solar radiation is zero (indicated by A) and the amount of solar radiation is large (indicated by B). In the device 5, the introduced air has a difference of 2 between 40 ° C and 17.5 ° C.
The control unit 25 calculates the capacity (rotation speed) of the compressor 1 to heat the motor drive device 9 in order to heat it by 2.5 ° C.

In this situation, when the amount of solar radiation increases and becomes large, the blowout temperature needs to be 35 ° C. indicated by B. At this time, since the indoor heat exchanger 5 is heated at 22.5 ° C, the air introduced into the indoor heat exchanger 5 is at 35 ° C and 22.5 ° C.
The temperature outside the passenger compartment is 10 ° C.
When the vehicle interior temperature is 25 ° C., the ratio of the vehicle interior air 1 to the vehicle exterior air 5 is obtained.

When the vehicle speed increases, the traveling dynamic pressure increases and the outside air introduction rate increases, but the control unit 25 inputs the vehicle speed information at the vehicle speed detector 35 to calculate the increase in outside air introduction. , The position of the introduced air switching damper 19 that cancels the increased amount of introduced air outside the vehicle is calculated,
Actuating the introduced air switching damper actuator 26,
It is possible to adjust the position of the introduced air switching damper 19 to the calculated value.

The same applies when the vehicle speed decreases. In the above, the case of the heating mode has been described, but in the case of the cooling mode, the outside temperature of the vehicle is high, contrary to the case of the heating mode. Is reduced and the air in the passenger compartment is increased.

Not limited to this embodiment, the outside air introduction rate is set to an optimal value depending on environmental conditions, the motor drive device 9 and the introduced air switching damper actuator 26 are simultaneously operated, and the introduced air switching damper actuator 26 is used. It is possible to gradually replace the blowout temperature control with the electric motor drive device 9 and various applications.

Further, with respect to the arrangement, number and configuration of heat exchangers, various applications are possible within the scope of the gist of the present invention.

[0045]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION Electric power having a heating capacity equivalent to that of a heater core is installed, or two refrigeration cycles are provided and an indoor heat exchanger dedicated to heating is installed in place of the heater core and a mix damper is not installed, thereby reducing power consumption. With a small and simple structure, the blowout temperature can be changed rapidly at a desired speed.

Further, it is possible to correct the influence of the vehicle speed to obtain an appropriate blowout temperature.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a vehicle heat pump type air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of operation of the heat pump type air conditioner for a vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a blowout temperature characteristic diagram for keeping the indoor temperature at 25 ° C. with respect to the vehicle exterior temperature and the amount of solar radiation according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a conventional air-conditioning system for a vehicle driven by a fuel engine.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a conventional vehicle heat pump type air conditioner.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a vehicle heat pump type air conditioner provided with two refrigeration cycles.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compressor 2 Outdoor heat exchanger 3 Blower for outdoor heat exchanger 4 Refrigerant expansion device 5 Indoor heat exchanger 6 Indoor blower 7 Four-way switching valve 8 Electric motor 9 Electric motor drive 10 Vent outlet 11 Heat outlet 12 Defrost blow Outlet 13 Vent / heat air outlet switching damper 14 Defrost air outlet damper 15 Heater core 16 Mix damper 17 Outside air introducing port 18 Vehicle interior air introducing port 19 Introducing air switching damper 20 Ventilation duct 21 Vehicle outside temperature sensor 22 Vehicle interior temperature sensor 23 Solar radiation sensor 24 Set temperature input device 25 Control unit 26 Actuator for introduced air switching damper 27 Second compressor 28 Second outdoor heat exchanger 29 Blower device for second outdoor heat exchanger 30 Second refrigerant expansion device 31 Second indoor heat exchanger 32 Second four-way switching 33 second compressor 34 second electric motor 35 speed detector

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An indoor air blower for introducing and blowing air into a vehicle compartment, an air outside the vehicle, or a mixture of both air, a mixing ratio adjuster for adjusting the mixing ratio, and air blown by the indoor air blower. A ventilation duct for guiding the air into the vehicle compartment, an indoor heat exchanger arranged in the ventilation duct, and an outlet for the air passing through the ventilation duct into the vehicle compartment,
Four-way switching valve, refrigerant expansion device, outdoor heat exchanger installed outdoors, blower device for outdoor heat exchanger, compressor for compressing and circulating refrigerant, electric motor for driving compressor, and driving electric motor An electric motor drive device is provided, and at least the necessary outlet temperature is calculated in order to automatically reach and maintain the target temperature in the vehicle interior according to the vehicle exterior temperature, the vehicle interior temperature, the amount of solar radiation, the set temperature specified by the occupant, etc. A heat pump type air conditioner for a vehicle, which is provided with a control unit for controlling an electric motor drive device, which control unit also controls a mixing ratio adjusting device to automatically adjust the blowout temperature. 2. A vehicle speed detector is provided to correct the control of the mixing ratio adjusting device according to the detected value.
The vehicle heat pump type air conditioner described.