JPH0615448A - Method and device for executing wholly automatic build-up welding to uneven rugged surface - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To execute build-up weld on a rugged inclining surface of a rotary body at high dimensional precision by setting shifting pitch quantity in the side direction decided from the moving amount in the side direction and moving amount in the height direction of a welding electrode and applying the build-up weld on the inclined surface. CONSTITUTION:A touch sensor 3 for detecting the vertical position in order to copy the rugged surface in the material to be welded is preceded to the welding electrode 1 to read the shape of the welding surface 2. After delay time, the welding electrode 1 controls the arc position by copying the rugged surface. After one round of the material to be welded is welded, the welding electrode 1 is moved by bead width corresponding distance. The X/Y decided from this moving amount X and the moving amount Y in the height direction after moving is used as a parameter, and the moving amount in the side direction is corrected in real time and the moving amount suitable to the inclined surface angle is adopted. In this case, in the case of using the moving amount at the time of being Y=0 as the reference value, the setting value is pre- inputted. By this method, the inclined surface can automatically and continuously be welded. The detection of the completing point of welding is executed by reading finished shape size indicating panel 5 by a sensor 4 for tracer.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for fully automatic overlay welding on a surface having uneven unevenness such as the outer circumference of a railway wheel and inclined to the direction of the rotation axis.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to perform automatic build-up welding on an inclined tread having unevenness such as a railway wheel, it is necessary to appropriately control the build-up amount, welding conditions, electrode positions, etc. In many cases, the welding progress speed is kept constant by a rotating machine, and the position control of the welding electrode is usually dependent on manual operation.

[0003]

This is because it is necessary to change the vertical position and the lateral movement amount of the electrode in accordance with the inclination of the surface to be welded, which makes complete automation difficult. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a method and an apparatus for performing automatic build-up welding on an inclined tread having unevenness such as a railway wheel with a rotating body.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, the inventors of the present invention have conducted extensive studies and as a result, in addition to the welding electrode tracing operation by the signal of the shape detection sensor of the surface to be welded, the welding electrode It is effective to determine the lateral movement pitch amount as a function of Y / X determined from the lateral movement amount X and the height direction movement amount Y at that time, and use this as the movement pitch for overlay welding on the inclined surface. Therefore, the present invention has been completed.

That is, according to the present invention, when performing automatic overlay welding on a nonuniform uneven surface such as the outer circumference of a railway wheel, the vertical position detection sensor preceding the welding electrode detects the unevenness on the surface to be welded, and the object to be welded is detected. When overlay welding is performed while following the uneven surface of, the welding electrode is moved every one rotation of the workpiece, and Y / is determined by the lateral movement amount X and the height direction movement amount Y at that time.
As a function of X, the amount of horizontal movement pitch is determined, and this movement pitch is used to perform overlay welding on an inclined surface, and the final dimension after overlay is the value read from a separately provided complete shape dimension indicating plate. The outline is a fully-automatic overlay welding method for uneven surfaces, in which overlay welding is performed in accord with each other, and a vertical position detection sensor for detecting unevenness of the surface to be welded prior to the welding electrode, Welding electrode for overlay welding while tracing the position determined by the detection sensor and 1 of the surface to be welded
A mechanism for moving the welding electrode laterally with each rotation, a lateral movement amount X of the welding electrode, and a height direction movement amount Y at that time.
It is characterized in that it is provided with a mechanism for determining the amount of lateral movement pitch as a function of Y / X determined from the above, and a mechanism for matching the final dimension after overlaying with the dimension of the finished shape dimension indicating plate provided separately. The outline is a fully automatic overlay welding device for uneven surfaces.

[0006]

The structure and operation of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, in order to follow the uneven surface of the object to be welded, the vertical position detection touch sensor 3 is run in front of the welding electrode 1, and the shape of the welding surface 2 is read. At the same time, after a delay time determined by the welding speed, the welding electrode follows the uneven surface and controls the arc position.

As a result, the welding arc 1 can follow the uneven surface, and overlay welding can be performed on the entire circumference. In this case, a better welding bead can be obtained by incorporating a weaving mechanism if necessary.

Next, after one revolution of the object to be welded, the welding electrode is moved to the left (right) by an amount corresponding to the bead width. This amount of movement X
And the amount of movement in the height direction Y after movement, Y / X is used as a parameter to correct the amount of movement in the lateral direction in real time to obtain the amount of movement that matches the angle of the inclined surface. In this case Y =
It has a mechanism to input the set value in advance, using the movement amount when it is 0 as a reference value. As a result, it became possible to automatically weld the inclined surface continuously.

An outline of this is shown in FIG. Here wheels
Section, is a welding torch, X ₁Moves after one rotation
Quantity, X₂Is the amount of movement after two rotations, and Y₁, Y₂Is that
This is the amount of rise of the wheel end surface. That is, Y₂/ X₂> Y
₁/ X₁Then X₂<X₁To take.

In the case of a wheel, the detection of the welding end point is completed by overlaying the tip of the flange portion, which is separately provided in FIG.
The completed shape and dimension indicating template 5 of the tracer sensor 4
Or read by a completed size reading mechanism using numerical control coordinates in the xy directions (corresponding to the surface of the finished shape dimension indicating template 5), and control the welding mechanism so that welding is continued until the completed size is reached. It is designed to work.

In the case of a wheel or the like, it is necessary to prepare the finished shape dimension indicating template 5 having the size and shape according to the finished dimension, in the same number as the number of kinds of wheels. Therefore, once the welding is started from the tread surface, the welding is automatically continued until the rising portion of the wheel reaches the completed dimension, and the overlay welding is completed.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a welding arc, 2 is a wheel overlay portion, 6 is a beam cross section for moving a welding head, 7 is a frame which is installed on this beam and moves in the axial direction of the wheel, 8 is a control panel, Reference numeral 9 is a welding wire feed control motor, 10 is a head portion vertical movement motor, 11 is a transverse feed drive control motor, 12 is a feed pitch setting and display panel, and 13 is a torch vertical sensitivity setting and display panel.

As described above, it is apparent that the automatic welding of the wheel tread portion can be completely automated by using the automatic welding device incorporating the control mechanism. The welding method is not particularly limited, but a latent arc welding method or a MAG method can be used. However, in the latent arc welding method, it is necessary to perform welding in a posture in which the flux does not interfere with the sensor 3.

[0014]

EXAMPLES The constitution and effect of the present invention will be described with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Example 1 For a wheel having a diameter of 800 mm and a tread width of 80 mm, MAG
Overlay welding was performed by the welding method. Overlay setting thickness is 4
mm, welding conditions are wire diameter 1.2 mm, welding current 230 A, welding speed 1 m / min. It was carried out in.

As a result, the build-up thickness was within the fluctuation of 4 ± 0.5 mm, and it was completed in about 1/2 of the manually controlled welding time, and it was shown that the effect of shortening the welding time and labor saving is great. .

[0016]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION Since the present invention is configured as described above, it is possible to perform automatic build-up welding with high dimensional accuracy on an inclined tread having unevenness on a rotating body such as a railway wheel. , Very useful in industry.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for implementing the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a relationship between a wheel cross section and a torch movement amount.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Welding arc 2 Wheel build-up part 3 Uneven surface detection sensor 4 Final dimension detection sensor 5 Completed dimension indication template 6 Welding head installation beam section 7 Welding head mounting section 8 Control panel 9 Welding wire control motor 10 Vertical movement Motor 11 Feed pitch drive motor 12 Feed pitch setting and display 13 Torch vertical sensitivity setting and display

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. When performing automatic build-up welding on an uneven surface such as the outer periphery of a railway wheel, the unevenness of the surface to be welded is detected by a vertical position detection sensor preceding the welding electrode, and the uneven surface of the object to be welded is detected. When overlay welding while copying
The welding electrode is moved for each rotation, and a lateral movement pitch amount is determined as a function of Y / X determined from the lateral movement amount X and the height direction movement amount Y at that time. A method of fully automatic build-up welding on uneven surfaces, wherein build-up welding is performed, and the build-up welding is performed by matching the final dimension after build-up with the value read from a separately prepared shape dimension indicating plate. 2. A vertical position detection sensor for detecting unevenness of a surface to be welded prior to a welding electrode, a welding electrode for overlay welding while tracing a position determined by the vertical position detection sensor, and a surface to be welded. A mechanism for moving the welding electrode laterally every one rotation, and a lateral movement pitch amount as a function of Y / X determined from the lateral movement amount X of the welding electrode and the height direction movement amount Y at that time. A fully automatic build-up welding apparatus for uneven surfaces, comprising: a mechanism for determining the size and a mechanism for matching the final dimension after overlay to the dimension of the completed shape indication plate provided separately.