JPH0615397A - Forging blank and manufacturing die for forging blank - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the material yield and the quality. CONSTITUTION:This forging blank 42 is used at the time of forging a product having a prescribed thickness of a triangular shaped flange part at one end side of a cylindrical member, and has columnar part having flat plane shape as almost similar shape as the flange part of the product. That is, the forging blank 42 is manufactured to triangular columnar shape. By setting the forging blank 42 having triangular columnar shape in a forging die so that the material at the top points of the forging blank 42 flow to the top parts of the flange part in the product, the material does not exceed to the part corresponding to the side of the triangular shaped flange part in the product and the position which the unnecessary burr becomes large in the outer burr part, is eliminated.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a forging material used for forging a product having a polygonal flange portion having a predetermined thickness in a main portion and a die for manufacturing the forging material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the following method is generally used for forging a product having a substantially triangular flange portion having a predetermined thickness on one end side of a tubular member. First, as shown in the processing state diagrams (A) to (F) of the forging material of FIG. 6, the elongated cylindrical material 2 is forged by the manufacturing die 1 to form the cylindrical forging material 12 of a predetermined size. To do.
Here, the manufacturing die 1 is composed of a die 4 and a punch 6. The die 4 has a cylindrical recess 4a at the center. The punch 6 also has a cylindrical shape and is arranged with its center line aligned with the recess 4a of the die 4. When the punch 6 descends along the center line, the punch 6 can engage with the recess 4a of the die 4. When the elongated cylindrical material 2 is set in the center of the cylindrical recess 4a of the die 4, the punch 6 descends and its tip 6a abuts on the end surface of the material 2 and presses the material 2 from the axial direction. . As a result, the material 2 is compressed in the axial direction and deformed so as to spread in the radial direction. Then, when the punch 6 descends to the lower limit position, the material 2 is separated from the die 4 and the punch 6.
The cavity (molding space) formed by and is filled and the molding is completed, and the cylindrical forging material 12 of a predetermined size is molded.

Next, the forging material 12 is forged by the forging die 1 as shown in the processing states (A), (B) and (C) of FIG.
0 is molded into a product 22 (having substantially the same shape as the product 52 of FIG. 5) having a substantially triangular flange portion with a predetermined thickness on one end side of the tubular member. Forging die 10 here
Is composed of a die 14 and a punch 16. The die 14 is provided with a substantially triangular prism-shaped recess 14a at the center, and a molding surface 14b is formed at the bottom of this recess 14a. Similarly, the punch 16 has a substantially triangular prism shape and is arranged with its center line aligned with the recess 14a of the die 14, and has a molding surface 16b formed at its tip. The punch 16 descends along the center line so that it can be engaged with the recess 14a of the die 14. When the cylindrical forging material 12 is set in the recess 14a of the die 14, the punch 16 descends and its tip 16a abuts against the end surface of the forging material 12 to press the forging material 12 from the axial direction. As a result, the material 12 is compressed in the axial direction and deformed so as to spread in the radial direction. Then, as shown in FIG. 7C, when the punch 16 descends to the lower limit position, the forging material 12 is filled in the cavity formed by the die 14 and the punch 16, and the forming is completed, and the tubular shape is obtained. A product 22 having a triangular flange portion with a predetermined thickness is formed on one end side of the member. The cavity is composed of an impression portion X, which is a molded portion of the product 22, and an outer burr portion Y. At the boundary between the impression portion X and the outer burr portion Y, a flash which is a clearance for allowing burr to escape during forging. The land portion Z is formed.

[0004]

However, according to the above-mentioned conventional method, when the cylindrical forging material 12 is first formed by the manufacturing die 1, the elongated cylindrical material 2 is produced as shown in FIG. Assuming that the die 4 of the mold 1 is set to be displaced from the center of the die 4 to the left side in the drawing, the following problems occur. As described above, when the punch 6 descends and its tip 6a presses the material 2 in the axial direction, the material 2 is compressed in the axial direction and deformed so as to spread in the radial direction. The outer peripheral surface of the material 2 spread in the radial direction first contacts the inner wall surface on the left side of the cylindrical recess 4 a of the die 4. When the punch 6 further descends from this state, the outer peripheral surface of the material 2 spreads to the right with less resistance, and
As shown in (C), it abuts on the inner wall surface on the right side of the recess 4a. When the outer peripheral surface of the material 2 comes into contact with the inner wall surface of the concave portion in this way, the flow of the material 2 attempting to spread in the radial direction is suppressed, and a part of the material 2 becomes a cylindrical concave portion 4a.
A vertical burr 2b (hereinafter referred to as a vertical burr 2b) is generated by being pushed out into a gap between the inner wall surface on the left side of the punch 6 and the side surface of the punch 6. The vertical burrs 2b become a major factor in causing product defects during the finish forging process.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the forging material 12 is
When the product 22 is forged by the forging die 10, the following problems occur. As described above, while the shape of the flange portion of the product 22 is triangular,
The forging material 12 has a cylindrical shape. Therefore, when the outer diameter of the forging material 12 is set so that the material reaches the portion corresponding to the apex of the triangle of the flange portion, when the outer diameter of the forging material 12 is set to the portion corresponding to the side of the triangle of the flange portion, as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, the material 2e, which is unnecessary for the molding of the product 22, becomes excessive from the initial burr portion Y in the outer burr portion Y.
Spill to. As a result, the outer burr portion Y that becomes scrap becomes large, and the material yield deteriorates.

A technical problem of the present invention is that the forging material 12 has a plane shape substantially similar to the shape of the polygonal flange portion of the product 22, and the forging material 12 is in a good state without vertical burrs. By processing, the waste of materials is eliminated, the material yield is increased, and products with good quality are processed.

[0007]

The above-mentioned problems can be solved by a forging material having the following structure and a manufacturing die for the forging material. That is, the forging material according to the present invention is a forging material used when forging a product having a polygonal flange portion of a predetermined thickness in a main portion, and a plane shape substantially similar to the shape of the flange portion of the product. It has a pillar part. Further, the manufacturing die for forging material according to the present invention is a die having a flat material forming recess substantially similar to the polygonal flange portion of the product, and a relative movement in a state where the center line coincides with the die. A punch for pressing and shaping the material set in the material-forming recess by engaging with the material-forming recess, and the punch and the material-forming recess of the die reach a limit position. In the engaged state, from the center of the material forming recess to the side wall part corresponding to the apex so that the formed material does not reach the side wall part corresponding to the apex of the polygon of the material forming recess. The distance is set.

[0008]

According to the manufacturing die for forging material according to the present invention, in the process of pressing the material set in the material forming recess with the punch to form the material, the material is in a direction perpendicular to the pressing direction of the punch, that is, It deforms so as to expand toward the side wall of the material forming recess. However, the distance from the center of the material forming recess to the side wall portion corresponding to the apex of the polygon is set so that the material does not reach even when the punch is engaged in the material forming recess to the limit position. Has been done. That is, there is a space between the tip of the material that has been formed and the side wall of the material forming recess corresponding to the apex of the polygon. Therefore, in the process of forming the raw material, the flow of the raw material that tends to spread in the side wall direction of the raw material forming recess is not suppressed. As a result, the material is not extruded into the gap between the inner wall surface of the material forming recess and the side surface of the punch, and the occurrence of vertical burr is prevented. Furthermore, the forging material according to the present invention has a planar column portion that is substantially similar to the shape of the polygonal flange portion of the product. For this reason, if this forging material is set in a forging die so that the material of the apex portion of the forging material flows to the portion corresponding to the apex of the polygonal flange portion of the product, the side of the polygonal flange portion of the product There is no excess material in the corresponding part,
In the outer burr part, there is no part where the burr becomes unnecessarily large.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 (A) is a plan view of the punch 26 of the forging material manufacturing die 20 according to the present invention, FIG.
(C) is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the processing state of the material 2 by the manufacturing die 20 of this forging material. This forging material manufacturing mold 2
0 is composed of a die 24 and a punch 26. The die 24 is provided with a substantially triangular prism-shaped recess 24a at the center, and a molding surface 24b is formed at the bottom of this recess 24a. Similarly, the punch 26 has a substantially triangular prism shape and is arranged so that the center line thereof coincides with the concave portion 24a of the die 24, and a molding surface 26b is formed at the tip portion. The punch 26 descends along the center line so that it can be engaged with the recess 24a of the die 24.

When the elongated cylindrical material 2 is set in the recess 24a of the die 24, the punch 26 descends so that the molding surface 26a at the tip of the punch 26 abuts the end surface of the material 2 and the material 2 is axially moved. Press. By this, the material 2
Deforms so as to be compressed in the axial direction and spread in the radial direction. Then, when the punch 26 descends to the lower limit position, the forming of the material 2 is completed. That is, the punch 26
Is lowered to the lower limit position to form a substantially triangular prism-shaped cavity 2 formed by the die 24 and the punch 26.
5, the forging material 42 having a rice ball shape is formed. Here, the volume of the triangular prism-shaped cavity 25 is set to be larger than the volume of the material 2, and the die 24 is set so that the molded material 2 does not reach the top of the triangular prism-shaped cavity 25. The size of the recess 24a is set. Therefore, in the state in which the forging material 42 having a rice ball shape is formed, as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG.
5a is formed.

FIG. 2 is a plan view (A), a side view (B) and a sectional view (C) showing a diaper-shaped forging material 42 formed by a forging material manufacturing die 20. In addition,
The cross hatch portion in the figure is the recess 24 of the die 24.
The portion formed without contacting the wall surface of a and the punch 26 is shown. Here, as shown in FIG.
Let us consider a case in which the elongated cylindrical material 2 is set in the die 24 of the forging material manufacturing die 20 with a slight deviation from the center to the left. In this case, when the punch 26 descends and the molding surface 26b at the tip thereof presses the material 2 from the axial direction as described above, the material 2 is axially compressed and deformed so as to spread in the radial direction. The outer peripheral surface of the material 2 expanded by this radius method first comes into contact with the side wall of the recess 24a of the die 24 corresponding to the side of the triangle on the left side in the drawing. Further, as the punch 26 descends from this state, the outer peripheral surface of the material 2 spreads in the right direction with less resistance, and as shown in FIG. 3B, the concave portion 24a corresponding to the other two sides of the triangle is formed. Abut the sidewall. However,
At this stage, the recess 24a corresponding to each vertex of the triangle is formed.
A large space 25a is formed between the side wall of the material and the material 2. These three spaces 25a are two spaces 25a located on the left side of the center because the volume of the space 25a located on the right side of the center is due to the material 2 being set in a state of being slightly displaced to the left side. Is larger than the volume of. When the punch 26 is further lowered from this state and the material 2 is compressed in the axial direction, the material 2 flows toward the three spaces 25a. At this time, as described above, since the volume of the space 25a located on the right side of the center is large, the resistance against which the material flows is relatively smaller on the right side than the center, and the material 2 flows into the space 25a on the right side. Then, when the punch 26 descends to the lower limit position, the volumes of the three spaces 25a become substantially equal,
As shown in FIG. 3C, a diaper-shaped forging material 42 having less uneven thickness is formed.

As described above, since the space 25a is formed between the tip of the forged material 42 and the side wall portion of the recess 24a corresponding to each vertex of the triangle, the material 2 is formed during the forming process of the material 2. The flow that tends to spread in the side wall direction of the recess 24a is not suppressed. As a result, the material 2
Will not be extruded into the gap between the inner wall surface of the recess 24a and the side surface of the punch 26, and the occurrence of vertical burr is prevented. Here, from experience, the rice ball-shaped forging material 42
In, the condition for preventing vertical burr can be expressed by the following relational expression. (Surface area of the forging material 42 which is in contact with the mold) ÷
(Total surface area of forged material 42) <0.85

4 (A), (B) and (C) are longitudinal sectional views showing the working conditions when the forging material 42 in the rice ball shape is forged by the forging die 30. The forging die 30 includes a die 34 and a punch 36. The die 34 has a substantially triangular prism-shaped recess 34a in the center.
And a molding surface 34b is formed at the bottom of the recess 34a. Similarly, the punch 36 has a substantially triangular prism shape, and is arranged with its center line aligned with the recess 34a of the die 34, and a molding surface 36b is formed at the tip. When the punch 36 descends along the center line, the recess 34 of the die 34
It has a structure that can be engaged with a. By engaging the punch 36 and the recess 34a of the die 34,
A cavity having a substantially triangular prism shape is formed inside the forging die 30. The cavity is composed of an impression portion X which is a molded portion of the product 52 and an outer burr portion Y, and a flash which is a gap for allowing the burr to escape during forging at a boundary between the impression portion X and the outer burr portion Y. The land portion Z is formed. When the rice ball-shaped forging material 42 is set in the triangular prism-shaped recess 34a of the die 34 with the directions of the vertices aligned, the punch 36 descends and the forming surface 36b at the tip thereof is forged material 42.
Of the forging material 42 is pressed from the axial direction. As a result, the forged material 42 is compressed in the axial direction and deformed so as to spread outward. Here, in the initial stage of molding in which the punch 36 is descending while sliding in the recess 34a of the die 34, as shown in FIG. 4B, the molding surface 36b of the punch 36 and the molding surface 34 of the die 34 are formed.
Since the distance to b is large, the interval z of the flash land portion Z of the cavity is large. However, since the rice ball-shaped forging material 42 is set in the concave portion 34a of the die 34 with the directions of the vertices aligned, the material does not become excessive at the portion corresponding to the triangular side of the cavity. Therefore, at the initial stage of molding, the material does not overflow from the flash land portion Z to the outer burr portion Y. Then, as shown in FIG. 4 (C), in the latter stage of the molding in which the punch 36 descends to the lower limit position, the material spreads to the end of the impression portion X, and further from the flash land portion Z to the outer burr portion. A small amount of material flows out to Y. The molding is completed in this way, and the product 52 having a triangular flange portion of a predetermined thickness is molded on one end side of the tubular member. FIG. 5 shows a plan view (A) and a sectional view (B) of a main part of the product 52.

As described above, since the plane shape of the forging material 42 is substantially similar to the shape of the triangular flange portion of the product 52, the material is excessive at the portion corresponding to the side of the triangular flange portion of the product 52. Never be. With this, compared with the conventional cylindrical forging material 12,
~ 15% material savings.

[0015]

According to the manufacturing die for forging material according to the present invention,
Since there is almost no vertical burr in the formed forged material,
The occurrence of product defects due to the vertical burrs is reduced when finishing forging is performed in a later step. Further, according to the forged material of the present invention, since the material is evenly distributed to the respective parts of the flange portion of the product, there is no part in the outer burr part where the burr becomes unnecessarily large, and the material yield is improved.

[0016]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view (A) and vertical cross-sectional views (B) and (C) showing a processing state of a forging material according to an embodiment of the present invention by a manufacturing die.

FIG. 2 is a plan view (A), a side view (B), and a cross-sectional view (C) showing a diaper-shaped forging material formed by a forging material manufacturing die according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view (A), (B), (C) showing a processing state of a forging material manufacturing die according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Is.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view (A) showing a processing situation when forging a rice ball-shaped forging material with a forging die.
(B) and (C).

FIG. 5 is a plan view (A) and a sectional view (B) of a main part of a product obtained by forging a rice ball-shaped forging material.

FIG. 6 is longitudinal sectional views (A), (C), (E) and a plan view (B) showing a processing state of a forging material according to a conventional technique.
(D) and (F).

FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view (A) showing a situation in which a conventional cylindrical forging material is finish forged by a forging die.
(C) and (E).

[Explanation of symbols]

 20 Forging Material Manufacturing Die 24 Die 24a Recess (Material Forming Recess) 25 Space 26 Punch 42 Forging Material

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] September 1, 1993

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] Figure 7

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view (A) showing a situation in which a conventional cylindrical forging material is finish forged by a forging die.
(B) and (C).

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A forging material used for forging a product having a polygonal flange portion of a predetermined thickness in a main portion, the pillar material having a planar shape substantially similar to the shape of the flange portion of the product. A forged material characterized by that. 2. A die having a flat material forming recess substantially similar to a polygonal flange portion of the product, and a die relatively moving with the center line aligned with the die to form the material forming recess. And a punch that presses and molds the material set in the material-forming recess by engaging the material, and the punch and the material-forming recess of the die are formed in a state of being engaged to a limit position. In addition, the distance from the center of the material forming concave portion to the side wall portion corresponding to the apex is set so that the material does not reach the side wall portion corresponding to the apex of the polygon of the material forming concave portion. A forging material manufacturing die.