JPH06144895A - Incombustible refractory building material utilizing volcanic ash - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To effectively utilize volcanic ash and obtain a lightweight incombustible refractory building material by kneading the volcanic ash, a material capable of intramolecularly holding water, a cement, an aggregate, an inorganic adhesive material and a glue plant with water, forming the kneaded mixture, hardening and curing the formed material. CONSTITUTION:Volcanic ash, a material capable of intramolecularly holding water (e.g. sodium polyacrylate), a cement, an aggregate, an inorganic adhesive material (e.g. a gypsum-based adhesive) and a glue plant are kneaded with a prescribed amount of water. The resultant kneaded mixture is then formed into a prescribed shape, hardened, cured and demolded to produce the objective incombustible refractory building material utilizing the volcanic ash. Furthermore, the amount of the blended volcanic ash is preferably about 13-36%. Thereby, the volcanic ash which has hitherto been directly discarded is utilized as a principal material and the objective incombustible refractory building material excellent in refractoriness, impact and water resistance and soundproof properties can be produced. The obtained incombustible refractory building material is suitable as outer finish, flooring materials, etc.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention uses a volcanic ash that is discarded as it is as a main unnecessary material without any effective utilization method, and uses it as an effective resource. It relates to a non-combustible fire-resistant building material using volcanic ash, which can be a rich and lightweight building material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Volcanic ash, even if it is highly resistant to fire, is difficult to use because of its porous structure. For example, even if it is solidified or molded, it is fragile and disintegratable. Therefore, it was almost impossible to use it as a building material.

However, in order to effectively utilize unused resources such as gravels and volcanic ash, they are mixed with cement and other building materials so that they can be used as a part of them, and they are kneaded with an appropriate adhesive material and solidified. Examples of the first group that is to be made into a material include, for example, a precast concrete board disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-24097, and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-616.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-140
Lightweight concrete product according to Japanese Patent No. 356, JP-A-63 / 1988
The wall material for buildings etc. which concerns on 156148 gazette are proposed. Further, as a second group of those volcanic ashes mixed with other building material materials and sintered and formed, for example, a lightweight reinforced building material disclosed in JP-A-59-203751, JP-A-61- A non-combustible fireproof building material according to Japanese Patent No. 53144, a lightweight building material according to Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-10958, and the like have been proposed.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned conventionally proposed building materials, the first group that is kneaded and solidified with an appropriate adhesive material is:
When using an inorganic material as the adhesive material, sufficient adhesive integration between the materials cannot be obtained, and when an organic material is used, due to fire or the like used as a building material, When burned, it produces toxic gases
It caused a secondary disaster.

The second group, which is sintered and formed after mixing, is necessarily provided with heat processing equipment for heating at about 1,000 ° C. in order to inevitably undergo heat processing in the manufacturing process. It is necessary to keep it, and not only is it troublesome to manufacture, but the product itself is inevitably expensive.

[0006] Therefore, in view of the above existing circumstances, the present inventor has focused on the fire resistance of volcanic ash that has been conventionally discarded as an unneeded unnecessary thing because there is no method for effective use. , As a result of conducting research for many years so that it can be used as a main material, various commercially available cement materials,
By kneading with a material capable of retaining water in the molecule, an aggregate, an inorganic adhesive material, and the like, the fragility of volcanic ash itself was overcome and a variety of building materials were created.

That is, according to the present invention, volcanic ash, which has been conventionally discarded without any suitable method for its use, is used as a main material, and it is mixed and integrated with a predetermined building material by an inorganic adhesive material and molded. It can be easily manufactured without the need for sintering, is lightweight, and has excellent impact resistance, fire resistance, workability, water resistance, and soundproofing, and when used as a building material. It is an object of the present invention to provide a non-combustible fire resistant building material using volcanic ash that is versatile as an exterior material, a ceiling material, a floor material, an interior material, a roof material, a fireproof block / brick material, and the like.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, according to the present invention, volcanic ash, a material capable of retaining intramolecular water, that is, a substance capable of taking intramolecular water, cement, aggregate,
It is characterized by being formed by kneading an inorganic adhesive material and futon with a predetermined amount of water, molding into a predetermined shape, curing, curing and demolding, and volcanic ash is contained at a ratio of about 13 to 36%. It can be

The intramolecular water retentive material can be constituted by at least one selected from sodium polyacrylate, bentonite, konjak flour and agar powder.

[0010]

[Function] In the non-combustible refractory building material using volcanic ash according to the present invention, the contained volcanic ash itself has high fire resistance, and the coexistence with the material capable of retaining intramolecular water sufficiently exerts the fire resistance of the building material itself. Let The material capable of retaining water in the molecule gradually releases water when heated, and increases fire resistance by synergistic action with volcanic ash.

When kneading, the cement and the inorganic adhesive material bond the volcanic ash, the aggregate and the like to maintain the integrity, and the futoni bond and solidify the forming materials to each other, and the solidified state is destroyed by the volcanic ash. Prevent vulnerabilities and vulnerabilities.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The fire-resistant building material according to the present invention is mainly composed of volcanic ash, in which cement, an intramolecular water retentive material, an aggregate, Knead an inorganic adhesive and others with a specified amount of water,
It is formed by curing by natural drying without performing firing processing. The fire-resistant building materials obtained in this way are ceiling materials,
It can be used as an inner wall material, outer wall material, roof material, fireproof block / brick material, fireproof coating material, etc. Especially, it has excellent fire resistance to high temperatures, so it is suitable for preventing fire spread and others due to its heat insulating effect. Excellent in performance.

The refractory building material according to the present invention is obtained, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, by molding a forming material 1 obtained by kneading volcanic ash as a main material with a predetermined amount of water and shredded glass cloth. . That is, the forming material 1 is fed into the mold 4 having a predetermined shape being conveyed by the conveying device 3 by the pumping machine 2 in an amount corresponding to the lower layer having a thickness of 4 to 5 mm, and then the core material. The net-shaped glass cloth 5 is laid and loaded, and further, for example, the forming material 1 in an amount corresponding to the upper layer having a thickness of 4 to 5 mm is charged again by the pump 2.
The total thickness is about 9 mm. The upper surface of the forming material 1 put in the mold 3 is smoothed by a rubber pressing roller 6, and then a pattern is formed by a mold roller 7 or the like if necessary. Then, after passing through the inside of the drying duct 8 and curing by natural drying for 2 to 3 days, it is formed by removing from the mold 3.

A veneer plate material having a wall thickness of about 3 mm is bonded and fixed to the main body of the building material thus formed with a glass cloth or the like if necessary, so that the ceiling material, the inner wall material, and the outer wall. The material is planned to be used, and even if a flammable material such as a veneer plate material is laminated, the flammable material is not heated or burned by the fire resistance of the building material body itself.

The volcanic ash used in the present invention was produced in Kagoshima provided by Kagoshima Road Service Co., Ltd. in Kagoshima City, Kagoshima Prefecture. However, the volcanic ash is not limited to this. Of course.

Further, the substance capable of retaining intramolecular water, that is, the substance capable of taking or having intramolecular water is, for example, sodium polyacrylate, bentonite, konjak flour, agar powder, etc. Sodium polyacrylate, which has excellent physical properties, is suitable.

Next, a concrete example of this is kneaded with various commercially available cement materials, materials capable of retaining intramolecular water, aggregates, inorganic adhesive materials and the like, and noncombustible building materials such as fireproof inner wall materials and fireproof blocks. -A description will be given for each case of forming as a brick material, a ceiling material, an outer wall material, a roof material, and the like.

[Embodiment 1] In the case of forming as a refractory inner wall material, for example, a forming material according to the following formulation example is used. Volcanic ash 160 parts Gypsum adhesive 400 parts Perlite 60 parts Plaster 200 parts White cement 400 parts Sodium polyacrylate 10 parts Funori 4 parts

The gypsum-based adhesive is "Tiger GL Bond", a trade name of Yoshino Gypsum Co., Ltd., and its components are calcined gypsum 60% or more, inorganic admixtures 35% or less, fungicides and other materials. The admixture is made up of about 5%, and perlite is Nippon Cement Co., Ltd.'s trade name "Asano perlite". Its component is crushed pearlite / obsidian, adjusted in particle size and rapidly heated and foamed. The plaster is a porous, pure white and ultralight-weight product obtained by the above, and plaster is mainly composed of gypsum.

Then, as described above, each of the above materials is mixed with a predetermined amount of water (about 380 to 400 per 1234 g of forming material).
cc) and shredded glass cloth are kneaded, and the kneaded forming material is put into a mold or the like, taken out after molding, and naturally dried. It is planned that a veneer plate material with a predetermined thickness will be bonded and fixed with a glass cloth if necessary to the building material as a fireproof inner wall material formed in this way, and an appropriate interior finish with the veneer plate material. Is applied.

The results of the fire resistance test of the fire resistant inner wall material body obtained in Example 1 are as shown in Table 1. In addition, in this fire resistance test, a first inner wall material having a wall thickness of 15 mm and a second inner wall material having a wall thickness of 30 mm were laminated to form the surface of the inner wall material of the first wall exposed to burner flame. The temperatures of the second surface heated by the flame and the back surface of the second object were measured. The temperature of the burner used in this fire resistance test was 1,772 ° C. at the 250 mm position, 1,292 ° C. at the 300 mm position, and 1,170 ° C. at the 350 mm position at the flame position.

[Table 1]

Similarly, the wall thickness of the fireproof inner wall material is 15 mm.
No. 1 and No. 2 are stacked in front and back, and a third No. 3 having a wall thickness of 30 mm is laminated on the No. 1 and No. 2 No. 2 of the fire resistant inner wall material main body surface exposed to the burner flame, and Table 2 shows the results of measuring the temperatures of the back surface of the third object to be heated.

[Table 2]

[Embodiment 2] In the case of forming as a refractory block / brick material, for example, a forming material according to the following formulation example is used. Volcanic ash 200 parts Perlite 50 parts Mortar material 160 parts Plaster 100 parts White cement 140 parts Sodium polyacrylate 6 parts Funori 2 parts

The mortar material is "Alpha mortar" under the trade name of Daiei Kenzai Kogyo Co., Ltd., which is a lightweight pre-mixed mortar for a wooden house in which cement, sand and the like are mixed in a predetermined ratio.

The forming material according to the second embodiment also has a predetermined amount of water (about 340 to 360 c per 658 g of forming material).
c) and the shredded glass cloth are kneaded and molded into a predetermined shape by the above-described molding process.

[Embodiment 3] In the case of forming as a non-combustible ceiling material, for example, a forming material according to the following formulation example is used. Volcanic ash 80 parts Gypsum adhesive 200 parts Perlite 30 parts Plaster 100 parts Sodium polyacrylate 6 parts Fusori 2 parts

The forming material according to the third embodiment also has a predetermined amount of water (about 200 to 220 c per 418 g of forming material).
c) and the shredded glass cloth are kneaded and molded into a predetermined shape by the above-described molding process.

The building material for the ceiling material thus formed includes
It is planned that a veneer plate material having a wall thickness of about 3 mm is stuck and fixed with a glass cloth interposed.

[Embodiment 4] In the case of being formed as a fireproof outer wall material, for example, a forming material according to the following formulation example is used. Volcanic ash 160 parts Mortar material 120 parts Gypsum adhesive 150 parts Perlite 10 parts White cement 180 parts Sodium polyacrylate 8 parts Funori 2 parts

The forming material according to the fourth embodiment also has a predetermined amount of water (about 330 to 350 c per 630 g of forming material).
c) and the shredded glass cloth are kneaded and molded into a predetermined shape by the above-described molding process.

[Embodiment 5] In the case of forming as a roofing material, for example, a forming material according to the following formulation example is used. Volcanic ash 850 parts Mortar material 360 parts Gypsum adhesive 500 parts Perlite 50 parts White cement 540 parts Sodium polyacrylate 10 parts Glue 5 parts

The forming material according to Example 5 also has a predetermined amount of water (about 850 to 88 per 2,315 g of forming material).
0 cc) and shredded glass cloth are kneaded and molded into a predetermined shape by the above-described molding process.

The fire-resistant building materials obtained in Examples 1 to 5 as described above are used as fire-resistant inner wall materials, fire-blocking blocks / brick materials, ceiling materials, outer wall materials, roof materials, etc. in the same manner as conventional constructions, depending on their respective applications. Used by. At the time of construction, it is easy to cut by sawing because it is molded into a predetermined shape, installed according to the construction surface shape and size, nails,
It is fixed and fixed through a predetermined fixing means such as a screw stopper or a mortar material.

Although not shown in the drawing, it is also possible to form a laminated structure with a plaster material and a building material body set to a predetermined thickness between the board papers arranged on the front and back sides,
The building material main body used at this time may be any one of the above-mentioned Examples 1 to 5, and is appropriately cured and cured after the laminated formation.

[0035]

The present invention is configured as described above,
By using volcanic ash, which was previously discarded as the main material, and coexisting with a material capable of retaining intramolecular water, that is, a substance capable of retaining intramolecular water, it is possible to make a non-combustible building material with high fire resistance, and also an inorganic material. Since it can be obtained by mixing and molding various kinds of aggregates and other predetermined building material materials with the adhesive material, it can be easily manufactured without the need for sintering processing, can be provided at low cost, and unused resources can be extremely saved. It can be effectively used. Moreover, it is lightweight and has excellent impact resistance, fire resistance, workability, water resistance, and soundproofing, and when used as a building material, fire resistant interior materials, fire block / brick materials, exterior materials, floor materials, It can be used as a roofing material and the like as a versatile building material regardless of its construction form.

In particular, according to a fire resistance test other than the fire resistance test according to Example 1, for example, a molded product having a wall thickness of about 40 mm is heated in an electric furnace for 2 to 3 hours so that the whole becomes about 800 ° C. As a result, there was no change at all, and it was sufficiently resistant to burner combustion of about 1,800 ° C from the surface of a molded product with a wall thickness of about 9 mm,
It was confirmed that the heat transfer to the back surface was also extremely low and the fire resistance was extremely excellent. Moreover, the materials capable of retaining intramolecular water, such as mixed sodium polyacrylate, and the furinori are extremely small compared to all the constituent materials, so no harmful gas is found even by precision inspection by gas chromatography. No odor was observed.

Further, a drop test in which a molded product having a wall thickness of about 9 mm is dropped from a height of about 2 m was carried out several times, but cracks and other defects did not occur at all, and impact resistance was also sufficient. there were.

Further, the molded product can be easily cut with a saw, a cutter or the like, can be easily processed into a predetermined shape, and is excellent in workability on site.

When used as a building material for a molded product, the volcanic ash contained in the building material itself is highly resistant to fire, so that the building material itself can be sufficiently fire-resistant, and various parts of the structure can be used. It can be used in various forms and has versatility as a fireproof / incombustible material.

The cement and the inorganic adhesive material used when kneading as a forming material integrally binds volcanic ash, aggregate and the like, and in particular, the futenori contained in the molded product is formed between the forming materials. It exerts the binder function of, and binds and solidifies each material, removes the fragility and disintegration due to volcanic ash and maintains the entire solidified state sufficiently.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a production line for producing a building material of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Forming Material 2 Pressure Feeder 3 Conveying Device 4 Form 5 Glass Cloth 6 Holding Roller 7 Mold Roller 8 Drying Duct

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Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. Formed by kneading volcanic ash, a material capable of retaining water in a molecule, cement, aggregate, an inorganic adhesive material, and a glue with a predetermined amount of water, molding into a predetermined shape, curing, curing, and demolding. A non-combustible fire-resistant building material that uses volcanic ash. 2. The noncombustible refractory building material using volcanic ash according to claim 1, wherein the volcanic ash is contained in a ratio of about 13 to 36%. 3. The non-combustible refractory building material using volcanic ash according to claim 1, wherein the material capable of retaining intramolecular water is at least one selected from sodium polyacrylate, bentonite, konjak flour and agar powder. .