JPH06143129A - Pressure force controller for fillet roll device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the roller working precision for a fillet part by reducing the deflection in the axial direction of a workpiece in the roller working. CONSTITUTION:During the roller working for a crankshaft, the deflection in the axial direction of a pin shoulder part of the crankshaft is detected by a deflection sensor 23, and when it is judged by a controller 50 that the detected deflection quantity of each pin shoulder part is over a set upper limit value, a pressing cylinder 32 is controlled so that the pressure for a fillet roller of the pin part corresponding to the pin shoulder part having the set upper limit value or more is weakened. Further, when it is judged that the deflection quantity is less than a previously set lower limit value, the pressing cylinder 32 is controlled so that the pressure for the fillet roller of the pin part corresponding to the pin shoulder part having a set lower limit value or less is intensified, and the roller working for the pin part is carried out.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pressurizing force control device for a fillet roll machining apparatus for roller machining a fillet portion of a crankshaft.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In crankshafts used in internal combustion engines for automobiles, it is known that the fillet portions of the pin portion and the journal portion are roller-processed in order to improve the fatigue strength of the fillet portions. Conventionally, as a fillet roll device of this type, for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 57-121412 already proposed by the present applicant.
As shown in the specification and drawings, a pair of upper and lower arms that are opened and closed by a cylinder are provided for each pin portion and journal portion of the crankshaft, and are supported at the tip of each upper and lower arm via a holder. The fillet roller is pressed and brought into contact with the corresponding pin portion and the corresponding fillet portion of the journal portion, and the crankshaft is rotated, so that the respective fillet portions are simultaneously rolled.

[0003]

By the way, since the crankshaft during roll processing is of a type in which both ends are supported by a chuck provided on the main shaft and a tail stock, the central portion of the crankshaft is easily bent. Moreover, when each pin portion is rolled with the same load, a portion of the pin shoulder portion having a low rigidity is elastically deformed in the axial direction by the pressure of the fillet roller, and accordingly, the pin shoulder portion is shaken and the fillet portion of the fillet portion is deformed. There was a problem that the processing accuracy deteriorates.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to reduce runout in the axial direction of a workpiece during roller processing and improve roller processing accuracy of the fillet portion. It is to provide a fillet roll device capable of performing the above.

[0005]

The present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 showing an embodiment. The present invention is based on a plurality of workpieces W which are rotationally driven by driving means 11, 13, and 16. A pair of arms 18, 19, 20, 21 respectively provided with roller holders 28, 29, 36, 37 for holding the roller pressing portions from opposite sides are provided for each roller processing portion so as to be openable and closable. Set of arms 18, 19, 20, 21
It is applied to a fillet roll device that performs roller processing on the fillet portion of the roller processing portion by the fillet rollers 30 and 38 provided on the roller holders 28, 29, 36, and 37 by performing the pressing operation by the pressing means 32 and 40, respectively. To be done.

The above-mentioned object is to provide a shake sensor 23 for detecting the amount of shake of the workpiece W in the axial direction during roller processing.
When the amount of shake detected by the shake sensor 23 becomes equal to or larger than the set upper limit value during the roller processing of the workpiece W, the pressurizing means 32 is configured so that the pressure applied to the roll on the fillet portion becomes smaller than the set pressure. And the control means 50 for controlling the pressurizing means 32 so that the roll pressing force to the fillet portion becomes higher than the set pressure when the detected shake amount becomes equal to or less than the set lower limit value. It is achieved by providing.

[0007]

With the above-described structure, the control means 50 indicates that the axial deflection of the workpiece W detected by the deflection sensor 23 during the roller machining at the preset pressure of the workpiece W exceeds the set upper limit value. When the determination is made, the control means 50 controls the pressurizing means 3 so that the roll pressure applied to the fillet portion is less than the set pressure.
2 is controlled to reduce the axial runout of the workpiece. Further, when the control means 50 determines that the shake amount in the axial direction is equal to or less than the set lower limit value, the pressurizing means 32 for increasing the roll pressing force to the fillet portion is controlled to roll the workpiece W. Pressurize. Therefore, the deflection of the workpiece in the axial direction is reduced, and highly accurate roller machining becomes possible.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the entire fillet roll device of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a headstock 11 and a tailstock 12 are installed to face each other on a fixed base (not shown) with a gap.

The headstock 11 is a rotatably supported main spindle 1.
3, a chuck 14 for holding one end of a crankshaft W as a workpiece is attached to one end of the main shaft 13 facing the tailstock 12, and the other end of the main shaft 13 has a belt transmission mechanism. It is connected to a spindle drive motor 16 via 15. At the other end of the main shaft 13, a rotary encoder 17 that detects the number of rotations and the rotation angle of the main shaft 13 is provided. The other end of the crankshaft W is supported by the center 12a of the tailstock 12.

In FIG. 1, reference numerals 18 and 19 denote upper and lower arms for the same number of pins as the pin portions, which are arranged corresponding to the pin portions P1 to P6 of the crankshaft W for 6 cylinders. Upper and lower arms for the same number of journals as the journals, which are arranged corresponding to the respective journals J1 to J4 of the cylinder crankshaft W.
Further, 22a is a load sensor incorporated in the upper arm 18 for each pin, which detects a load acting on the pin portion when the fillet portion of the pin portion is rolled, and 22b
Is a load sensor that is incorporated in the upper arm 20 for each journal and detects the load acting on the journal portion when the fillet portion of the journal portion is rolled.

Upper and lower arms 18, 1 for each pin
The middle portion of 9 is swingably supported by a pin 27 on the lower end of a swing support member 26 pivotally supported by a support shaft 25 arranged parallel to the axis of the crankshaft W as shown in FIG. Upper and lower arms 18, 19 for each of these pins
2 and 3, the corresponding pin portions P1 to P6 are provided at the respective tip portions of the same (only the pin portion P1 is shown in the figure, but the same applies to the other pin portions P2 to P6). Roller holders 28 and 2 for holding the blade in a vertically openable and closable manner
9 are attached so as to be replaceable, and the roller holder 28 of the upper arm 18 is movable in a direction of approaching and separating from the pin portion.
A load sensor 22a is provided between the upper end surface of the roller holder 28 and the holder receiving portion of the upper arm 18 facing the upper end surface.

Further, on these roller holders 28 and 29, a fillet roller 31 facing the fillet portion of the pin portion P1 (the same applies to the pin portions P2 to P6) and a receiving roller 30 supporting this can rotate while contacting each other. Is supported as.

Also, these upper and lower arms 1
Pressurizing cylinders 32 are provided at the rear ends of the pressurizing cylinders 8 and 19, respectively. One end of the pressurizing cylinder 32 is pin-connected to the upper arm 18, and the tip of a piston rod 32a protruding from the other end is the lower arm 19. Pinned to.

The upper and lower arms 18 and 19 are opened and closed by the expansion and contraction operation of the pressurizing cylinder 32. The extension of the cylinder 32 causes the roller holders 28 and 29 to be separated from the pin portion for attachment and detachment of the crankshaft W. The contraction of the cylinder 32 causes the roller holder 28,
The fillet roller 31 of 29 is pressed against the fillet portion of the pin portion. Further, when the roller holders 28 and 29 hold the pin portion from above and below, the crankshaft W
When the spindle drive motor 16 is rotated, the swing support member 26 swings, so that the upper and lower arms 18 and 19 freely move following the swiveling motion (revolution) of the pin portion.

In FIGS. 2 and 3, reference numeral 23 denotes a shake sensor for detecting the shake in the axial direction of the pin shoulder portion 47 that occurs during roll processing. The shake sensor is provided for each pin portion, and each upper or lower arm 18 is provided. Alternatively, it is integrally supported by 19.

The shake sensor 23 is a pneumatic type,
As shown in FIG. 3, the gap detectors 23a, 23 are formed of an electromagnetic type or the like and face the inner surfaces of the pin shoulders 47, 47 located on both sides of the pin P1 as shown in FIG.
b, the magnitudes of changes in the clearance due to elastic deformation in the axial direction of the pin shoulder portion 47 that occur during rolling are detected by the detection portions 23a and 23b, and the magnitude of the shake of the pin shoulder portion 47 is detected from this detected value. I am asking for it.

Upper and lower arms 2 for each journal
The intermediate portion of 0 and 21 is swingably supported by a pin 35 at the lower end of a swing support member 34 pivotally supported by a support shaft 33 arranged parallel to the axis of the crankshaft W as shown in FIG. There is. The upper and lower arms 20 and 21 of each of these journals are provided at their tip portions with facing journal portions J1 to J1.
J4 (only the journal part J1 is shown in the figure,
The same applies to the other journal parts J2 to J4).
7 are replaceably attached to each other, and the roller holder 36 of the upper arm 20 is movable toward and away from the journal portion, and the upper end surface of the roller holder 36 is opposed to this. A load sensor 22b is provided between the holder receiving portions of the upper arm 20.

Further, in these roller holders 36 and 37, a fillet roller 38 facing the fillet portion of the journal portion J1 (J2 to J4) and a receiving roller 39 supporting the same can rotate in contact with each other like the pin portion. Is supported as. Further, a pressurizing cylinder 40 is provided at the rear ends of the upper and lower arms 20 and 21.
Are provided, one end of the pressurizing cylinder 40 is pin-connected to the upper arm 20, and the tip of the piston rod 40a protruding from the other end is pin-connected to the lower arm 21.

The upper and lower arms 20 and 21 are opened and closed by the expansion and contraction operation of the pressurizing cylinder 40. When the cylinder 40 is extended, the roller holders 36 and 37 are separated from the journal portion for attaching and detaching the crankshaft W. Then, due to the contraction of the cylinder 40, the roller holder 3
The fillet rollers 38 of 6, 37 are pressed against the fillet portion of the journal portion.

The other end 20a of the upper arm 20 for each journal is engaged with the lower end of a shaft 43 which is supported by a support block 42 fixed to a support frame 24 so as to be vertically movable. By holding 43 at the rising end, the postures of the upper and lower arms 20, 21 are kept constant. Then, during the machining, the vertical movement of the shaft 43 can absorb the fluctuation of the axial center of each of the journal portions J1 to J4.

Next, the structure of the pressure control circuit shown in FIG. 4 will be described. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 50 is a control device for controlling the fillet roll device. This control device 50
The load acting on each pin portion and each journal portion of the crankshaft W is read as the spindle rotation information from the rotary encoder 17, the load sensors 22a and 22b, and the shake sensor 2.
A central processing unit (hereinafter referred to as CPU) 51 that performs arithmetic processing based on the detection information from 3, and a memory 52, an input interface 53, and an output interface 54. These memory 52, input interface 53, and output interface 54 are provided in the CPU 51. Connected.

The memory 52 has a roller machining program,
Stored are a program for detecting a shake of the pin shoulder portion that occurs during roller processing, a pressurizing control program for pressurizing control, and data such as a calculation result in the CPU 51.

A rotary encoder 17 for detecting the rotation of the main shaft, that is, the rotation angle of the crankshaft W is connected to the input interface 53, and load sensors 22a, 22b and load sensors 22a, 22b for detecting the loads acting on the pins and journals are connected. The shake sensor 23 that detects the shake amount of the pin shoulder unit 47 is connected via the respective A / D converters 55 and 56. Further, the output interface 54 is connected to a DA converter 57 that converts the load command data output from the CPU 51 through the output interface 54 into an analog signal.

On the output side of the DA converter 57, a current control pressure reducing valve 60 for tightening corresponding to the pin portion and a current control pressure reducing valve 61 for tightening corresponding to the journal portion are respectively provided via amplifiers 58, 59. It is connected. The current control pressure reducing valve 60 is connected in series to a hydraulic circuit that connects between the pressurizing cylinder 32 corresponding to the pin portion and the arm opening / closing electromagnetic direction switching valve 62, and the current control pressure reducing valve 61 is used for pressurizing corresponding to the journal portion. It is connected in series to a hydraulic circuit that connects between the cylinder 40 and the electromagnetic directional control valve 62. The electromagnetic direction switching valve 62 is connected to the hydraulic pump P and the oil tank T. Although only one current control pressure reducing valve for the pin portion and one journal portion are shown in FIG. 4, this current control pressure reducing valve is provided for each pin portion and each journal portion.

Next, the operation of this embodiment configured as described above will be described. When processing the fillet roller of the crankshaft W, first, the upper and lower arms 1
The crankshaft W is carried in between the main shaft 13 and the tailstock 12 with 8, 19, and 20, 21 open, and one end of the crankshaft W is held by the chuck 14 of the main shaft 13 and the other end is the center 12a of the tailstock 13. Supported by. At this time,
The rotational phase of the main shaft 13 and the rotational phase of the crankshaft W are positioned in a fixed relationship.

Thereafter, the electromagnetic directional control valve 62 is switched to the position on the left side shown in FIG. 4 to supply the pressure oil from the pump P to the pressurizing cylinders 32, 40, and the pressurizing cylinders 32, 40 are extended. Let each upper and lower arm 1
8 to 21 are closed, the fillet roller 30 is pressed against the fillet portions of the pin portions P1 to P6, and the fillet roller 38 is moved to the journal portions J1 to J4.
Press it against the fillet part of. Then, the main shaft drive motor 16 rotationally drives the crankshaft W. By the rotation of the crankshaft W, the respective pin portions P1 to P6
The upper and lower arms 18 and 19 for holding and the swing support member 26 for supporting them move according to the rotation of the pin portions P1 to P6. Therefore, the fillet roller 30 that is in pressure contact with the fillet portions of the pin portions P1 to P6 is revolved and revolves around the pin portion, so that the fillet portion of the pin portion is roller processed. Similarly, the journal section J1
Fillet roller 38 that presses against the fillet portion of J4
The roller processing is performed on the fillet portion of the journal portion.

Next, the pressure control for the fillet portion of the pin portion and the journal portion at the time of roller processing will be described with reference to FIG.
This will be described with reference to the flowchart in FIG. When the program shown in FIG. 5 is started as the roller processing is started at a preset pressure, first, in step S1, the CPU
A constant counter i and a machining number (spindle rotation number) counter n, which are configured by software 51 and a memory 52, are set to zero. In the next step S2, the controller 50 gives a start command to the spindle drive motor 16 to rotate the spindle 13. Then, in the next step S3, the value of the constant counter i is incremented to i = i + 1.

Next, each shake sensor 23 detects the shake in the axial direction of each pin shoulder portion 47 corresponding to the shake sensor 23 (step S4), and this detection signal is converted into a digital value by the A / D converter 56, and then the interface is obtained. It is taken into the CPU 51 through 53.

Next, the detection signal detected by the rotary encoder 17 is taken into the CPU 51 through the input interface 53 to detect the rotation speed n of the main shaft 13, that is, the crankshaft W (step S5), and this rotation speed n is n = ( i / k) × n ₀ is determined (step S
6).

Here, k is a constant, for example, k = 3,
Assuming that the number of processing passes n ₀ = 30, in step S6,
The rotation speed n of the crankshaft W is n = (1/3) × 3
0 = 10, n = (2/3) × 30 = 20, n = (3 /
3) Each calculation of 30 × 30 = 30 is performed according to the value of i (= 1, 2, 3). The rotation speed n is n = (i / k) × n ₀
The value of the shake sensor 23 is sampled by repeating the processing of steps S4 to S6 until. And n
= (I / k) × n ₀ rotation is reached, that is, when the number of rotations reaches 10, 20, or 30 in the above example, the process proceeds to step S7, and the CPU 51 samples the shake sensor 23. The average value of the values of is calculated for each sensor.

In the next step S8, it is determined whether the calculated average value of shake is equal to or larger than a preset upper limit value. here,
When it is determined that the average value is less than or equal to the upper limit value, the process proceeds to step S9, and it is determined whether the average value is greater than or equal to the preset lower limit value. If the comparison determination result is equal to or more than the lower limit value, the process proceeds to step S10 to determine whether i = k. When a negative determination is made here, the process returns to step S3, and the processes of step S3 and thereafter are executed. When it is determined that i = k (i = 3), the process proceeds to step S11 to stop the spindle drive motor 16 and stop the spindle 13 at a fixed position. This completes the processing of the fillet roller for the crankshaft W (step S12).

If it is determined in step S8 that the average shake value is larger than the upper limit value, the flow advances to step S13 to determine whether i = k. Here, when it is determined that i = k (i = 3), the process proceeds to step S14, the spindle 13 is stopped at a fixed position, and then the abnormality processing is performed in step S15. That is, it is determined that the processing is completed in a state where the pin shoulder portion is largely shaken and normal fillet roller processing cannot be performed, and the processing is performed as an abnormal work.

In step S13, i = k
When it is determined that the value of k is not 3 or less, the process proceeds to step S16, and the pressure of the fillet roller 30 corresponding to the pin shoulder portion in which the shake of the set value or more has occurred is weakened by a preset amount. That is, a preset weakening command value is output from the CPU 51 to the DA converter 57 through the output interface 54, converted into an analog amount (current) by the DA converter 57, and then the analog signal is amplified by the amplifier 58. By applying to each current control type pressure reducing valve 60 via, the pressure set by the pressure reducing valve 60 is controlled to reduce the fluid pressure supplied from the pump P to the pressurizing cylinder 32. As a result, the pressure of the fillet roller 30 applied to the fillet portion of the pin portion is weakened by the set value to damp the shake of the pin shoulder portion.

If it is determined in step S9 that the average shake value is smaller than the lower limit value, step S9.
Proceeding to 17, it is determined whether i = k. Here, when it is determined that i = k, the process proceeds to step S18, and the spindle 13
After stopping at a fixed position, in step S19, the same abnormality processing as in step S15 described above is performed. Also, i
If it is determined that not = k, the process proceeds to step S20,
The pressure of the fillet rollers 30 and 38 corresponding to the pin shoulder portion having a shake less than the set value is increased by a preset amount.

That is, a preset command value for strengthening is set from the CPU 51 through the output interface 54 to the D-
Output to the A converter 57, and the DA converter 57
After being converted into an analog amount (current) by means of the analog signal, this analog signal is applied to each current control type pressure reducing valve 60 via the amplifier 58, thereby controlling the set pressure of the pressure reducing valve 60 and from the pump P to the pressurizing cylinder. Increase the fluid pressure supplied to 32. As a result, the pressure of the fillet roller 30 applied to the fillet portion of the pin portion is strengthened by the set value and roller processing is performed.

After changing the pressure of the fillet rollers 30 and 38 in step S16 or S20 described above, the process returns to step S3, the value of i is counted up, and the processing is continued.

[0037] In such an embodiment, as it is apparent from the flowchart of FIG. 5, when you are roller machining at a constant preset pressure, for a given roller machining path number n _0, (i / k ) × n _{0 When the} rotation of each pin shoulder portion of the crankshaft is detected by each sensor at every _0th rotation and it is determined that the detected shake amount of each pin shoulder portion is equal to or greater than the preset upper limit value, it is equal to or greater than the set upper limit value. When the amount of runout is determined to be less than or equal to the preset lower limit, the pin corresponding to the pin shoulder corresponding to the pin shoulder corresponding to Since the pin part roller processing is performed by increasing the pressure on the fillet roller, it is possible to reduce the runout of the pin shoulder part when rolling. It is possible, it is possible to improve the rolling accuracy of the fillet portion.

In the above embodiment, the fillet roll machining of the crankshaft has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and is also applied to fillet roll machining of a workpiece in which axial runout occurs during the fillet roll machining. be able to.

[0039]

As described above, according to the present invention, the axial runout of the workpiece is detected by the sensor during the machining of the fillet roller of the workpiece, and the detected runout amount is equal to or more than the set upper limit value. When the detected amount of shake falls below the set lower limit, the roll pressure applied to the fillet part corresponding to this is decreased below the set pressure. Since the pressure is controlled to increase above the set pressure and the roll is applied,
It is possible to automatically damp axial runout such as the pin shoulder portion that occurs during roller processing of a workpiece and to perform highly accurate roller processing.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an entire fillet roll device to which a pressure control device of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing details of a roller processing arm portion of a fillet portion in the present embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing details of a pin portion, its fillet roller portion, and a sensor portion in the present embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an example of a configuration of a processing control device according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a procedure of pressurization control processing in this embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 spindle headstock 12 tailstock 13 spindle 14 chuck 16 spindle drive motor 17 rotary encoder 18, 20 upper arm 19, 21 lower arm 22a, 22b load sensor 23 shake sensor 28, 29, 36, 37 roller holder 30, 38 fillet roller 32,40 Pressurizing cylinder 50 Control device 51 CPU 52 Memory 61,62 Current control pressure reducing valve W Crankshaft (workpiece)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pair of arms, each having a roller holder for holding a plurality of roller processing portions of a workpiece, which are rotationally driven by a drive means, from opposite sides thereof, can be opened and closed for each of the plurality of roller processing portions. In the fillet roll device, in which the armet of each set is pressure-operated by the pressure means, the fillet roller of the roller processing section is roller-processed by the fillet roller provided in the roller holder. A shake sensor that detects the amount of shake in the axial direction of the object, and when the amount of shake detected by the shake sensor during roller processing of the workpiece exceeds a set upper limit value, the roll pressure applied to the fillet portion is The pressurizing means is controlled so as to decrease below the set pressure, and when the detected shake amount is below the set lower limit value, the fillet And a control means for controlling the pressurizing means so that the pressure applied to the portion by the roll is higher than a set pressure.