JPH06137287A - Scroll fluid compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve wear resistance of a slide part as sufficient durability is held and to increase efficiency. CONSTITUTION:In a scroll fluid compressor wherein an end plate and two scrolls each having a spiral lap standing upright on the surface of the end plate are engaged with each other in a state that the spiral laps are positioned facing each other, the scroll is formed of an aluminum alloy base material 11 and the spiral end part of the scroll and at least the slide surface of the end plate are compounded of a fiber material 12.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a scroll fluid compressor having an improved sliding surface of a scroll, high efficiency and excellent life characteristics.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Refrigerant compressors are used in indoor or in-vehicle air conditioners, refrigerators, etc. to send out cold air or hot air. Among these refrigerant compressors, scroll fluid compressors have been drawing attention in recent years and their applications are expanding, and there is a demand for higher efficiency and longer life.

The structure of the moving / stator vane type scroll fluid compressor will be described below with reference to FIG.

The inside of the closed container 1 is divided into two spaces communicated by a frame 2.

A circular opening 2a is provided at the center of the frame 2, and a shaft 3 made of an iron-based material is supported so as to contact the opening. The shaft 3 is provided with a centrifugal pump 3a for pumping the lubricating oil stored in the bottom portion of the closed container 1 to the compression mechanism portion.

The orbiting scroll 4 comprises a mirror plate 4a made of an aluminum alloy (AC8C) material, an involute curve wrap 4b standing upright on the surface thereof, and a boss portion 4c standing upright on the rear surface of the mirror plate 4a. Further, a part of the back surface of the end plate 4a is supported by a thrust ring 2b provided between the frame 2 and the orbiting scroll 4,
The boss portion 4c is connected to the crank portion 3b of the shaft 3.

The fixed scroll 5 comprises a mirror plate 5a made of an aluminum alloy (AC8C) material and a wrap 5b having an involute curve which stands upright on the surface of the mirror plate 5a. Further, the back surface of the end plate 5a is attached to the frame 2
It is fixed in contact with the outer peripheral projection 2c.

The wrap 4b of the orbiting scroll 4 and the wrap 5b of the fixed scroll 5 are in mesh with each other.

Between the orbiting scroll 4 and the frame 2, an Oldham ring 6 for preventing rotation of the orbiting scroll 4 during the orbiting motion of the orbiting scroll 4 and the frame 2 is provided.
The Oldham key (not shown) is engaged with the key board 4d so as to move in the key groove 4d provided on the rear surface of the end plate 4a.

A suction hole is formed on the side surface of the frame 2, and a suction pipe 7 is attached.

A rotor 8 is attached to the lower portion of the shaft 3, and a stator 9 is press-fitted into the closed casing 1 at the outer peripheral portion of the rotor 8 to form a motor mechanism. A discharge pipe 10 is attached to the side surface of the closed container 1.

When the scroll fluid compressor starts operating, the shaft 8 starts to rotate due to the rotation of the rotor 8 and the orbiting scroll 4 starts to orbit.

The refrigerant that has entered the compression mechanism portion from the suction pipe 7 is compressed and discharged from the central opening (not shown) of the fixed scroll 5 into the closed container 1, and a part of it is thrust by a communication pipe (not shown). Inner peripheral surface of ring 2b and end plate 4
The thrust force that acts on the orbiting scroll is controlled by the pressure difference between the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the thrust ring 2b, which is guided to the space defined between the rear surface of the a and the orbiting scroll 4 to prevent migration. ing. Then, the refrigerant discharged into the closed container 1 goes out of the closed container 1 through the discharge pipe 10. The lubricating oil stored in the bottom of the closed container 1 is pumped up by a centrifugal pump in the main shaft 3 to lubricate the sliding surface of the compression mechanism.

The following wear occurs on the spiral wrap ends and the end plate sliding parts of the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll of such a scroll fluid compressor.

Since the shaft 3 supported by the frame 2 rotates slightly eccentrically with the rotation of the rotor 8, the orbiting scroll 4 connected to the crank portion 3b of the shaft is a fixed scroll in a slightly tilted state. 5. Engage with 5 and slide.

Therefore, especially at the start of operation, etc., the spiral wrap end of the orbiting scroll 4 and the end plate sliding portion of the fixed scroll 5, which is the other side, and the spiral wrap end of the fixed scroll 5, the other side. Extreme pressure (large load) is likely to be generated in the end plate sliding portion of the orbiting scroll 4, which pressure is several times that during normal operation, causing plastic deformation of the sliding surface and breakage of lubricating oil. Cause metal contact and wear. Then, as the wear progresses, in the worst case, a galling (seizure) phenomenon occurs on the sliding surface, and the sliding becomes impossible. Further, when the wear progresses, the leakage of the refrigerant and the like increases, the compression efficiency decreases, and the performance deteriorates. Therefore, conventionally, a ceramic dispersed composite plating film or a hard alumite film is formed on the scroll sliding surface to improve wear resistance. This tendency also applies to the double-blade scroll fluid compressor.

[0017]

However, in the conventional scroll fluid compressor, a large load is applied to the spiral wrap end portion of the scroll and the meshing sliding portion of the scroll end plate sliding portion facing the spiral wrap end portion. At times, there has been a problem that the ceramic dispersed composite plating film or the hard alumite film is likely to be peeled or broken from the aluminum base material. Further, there is a problem that durability is poor even during normal operation.

The present invention has been made in order to solve such a problem, and it is possible to improve the abrasion resistance of the sliding portion while maintaining a sufficient durability and to improve the efficiency of the scroll fluid. The purpose is to provide a compressor.

[0019]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A scroll fluid compressor of the present invention comprises a scroll and a spiral wrap that are upright on the surface of the mirror plate. In the scroll fluid compressor to be moved, the scroll is formed of an aluminum alloy base material, and the fiber material is compounded on at least the sliding portion surface of the spiral wrap end portion of the scroll and the end plate.

The aluminum alloy base material forming the scroll according to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is an aluminum alloy material usually used for sliding parts of a compressor, and for example, AC8A, AC8C defined by JIS standard.
And so on. Using these, a scroll can be formed by casting or powder forging.

The fibrous material is preferably at least one selected from alumina fibers, silicon carbide fibers and carbon fibers. This is because these fibrous materials have excellent bondability with the aluminum alloy base material.

The fiber diameter of the fiber material composited with the aluminum alloy base material forming the scroll according to the present invention is 1 μm.
To 10 μm is preferable. Fiber diameter is 1
This is because when the thickness is from 10 μm to 10 μm, sufficient lubricating oil retention properties are obtained, and the fibrous material does not easily fall off from the aluminum alloy base material and does not promote wear. The fiber length is preferably 1 mm or less.

In the scroll according to the present invention, the fiber material is compounded on at least the sliding portion surface of the spiral wrap end portion and the end plate, and the thickness of the fiber material compounded portion is
It is preferably 10 μm to 2 mm. Thickness 10
If it is thinner than μm, sufficient abrasion resistance cannot be obtained, and if it is thicker than 2 mm, the machinability is remarkably deteriorated.

The fiber material content of the portion of the scroll according to the present invention in which the fiber material is compounded is from 10% by weight to
It is preferably in the range of 20% by weight. This is because if the content of the fiber material is less than 10% by weight, the effect of improving the wear resistance is not improved, and if it is more than 20% by weight, the machinability is significantly deteriorated. The content of the fibrous material may gradually decrease from the surface layer of the sliding portion toward the inside of the aluminum alloy substrate, and the content of the fibrous material of the fibrous material composite layer may be within the above range.

The scroll in which the fiber material is compounded on the sliding surface of the aluminum alloy base material according to the present invention is
In order to maintain sufficient durability, those satisfying the following conditions are particularly preferable. Fiber materials have fiber diameters from 1 μm to 10
It consists of at least one selected from alumina fiber, silicon carbide fiber and carbon fiber in the range of μm, and 10% to 20% by weight of the fiber material is compounded on the sliding part surface. The thickness is 10 μm to 2 mm.

The scroll in which the fibrous material is compounded on the sliding portion surface is manufactured by casting or powder forging. By cutting the sliding portion surface, the thickness and the fibrous material content of the fibrous material composite layer are obtained. Can be within the above range.

[0027]

The scroll sliding member according to the present invention exhibits the following actions on the sliding surface.

First, when extreme pressure (heavy load) is applied to the sliding surface, since the fibrous material having high hardness existing on the surface of the aluminum alloy base material slides in a state of protruding from the base material, wear resistance is increased. The property is improved.

Secondly, even under the condition that the lubricating oil film ruptures at the portion where extreme pressure (large load) is applied and the metals come into contact with each other, the fibrous material protrudes on the surface of the aluminum alloy base material to form an oil reservoir Lubricant retention is improved.

Thirdly, since the sliding surface contains the fibrous material having high hardness, the proof stress of the surface of the component is improved, so that the plastic deformation of both the sliding members facing each other is prevented.

In the scroll fluid compressor of the present invention, the sliding surface of the scroll sliding member exerts the above-described action, so that the service life can be extended. In addition, leakage of the refrigerant and the like is reduced, and high efficiency can be achieved.

Further, since the fiber material is contained only in the sliding surface portion of the scroll sliding member and the remaining portion is formed of a general aluminum alloy base material, the problem of peeling or breaking of the coating film does not occur. The machinability is not significantly reduced. Furthermore, the material and manufacturing costs can be reduced compared to other surface treatment methods.

[0033]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in detail below based on examples.

Example 1 The sliding member according to the present invention was applied to the orbiting scroll 4 and the fixed scroll 5 of the scroll fluid compressor shown in FIG.

FIG. 2 shows a sectional structural view of the scroll according to the present invention. In FIG. 2, the aluminum alloy substrate 11
A fibrous material composite layer 12 containing a fibrous material is formed on the sliding surface portion of the.

Orbiting scroll 4 and fixed scroll 5
Was produced by the following method. First, an aluminum alloy containing 10% by weight of alumina fiber having a fiber diameter of 5 μm (AC
8C) was filled into the end of the spiral wrap of the orbiting scroll die (about 1 mm from the end), and the remaining portion of the spiral wrap was filled with aluminum alloy powder containing no fibrous material. Next, the end plate portion of the fixed scroll, which slides on the spiral wrap, is filled with the aluminum alloy (AC8C) powder containing 10% by weight of the above-mentioned alumina fiber to a thickness of about 1 mm, and the remaining portion is covered with the fiber material. It was filled with aluminum alloy powder not containing it. After that, 400 ℃, 200
Molded under pressure molding conditions of kgf / cm ² , and subjected to cutting work to improve accuracy, an orbiting scroll made of aluminum alloy having a sectional structure shown in Fig. 2 was obtained. Further, an aluminum alloy fixed scroll was obtained by the same method.

Next, the abrasion resistance of the orbiting scroll and the fixed scroll thus obtained was evaluated using an apparatus as shown in FIG.

In this device, the pin 13 made of the same material as that of the spiral wrap end of the orbiting scroll 4 or the end plate slide part of the orbiting scroll 4 in the refrigerant HCFC22 atmosphere is used. Disc 1 made of the same material as
4, the pin 13 is rotated at a constant radius while applying pressure from the rear of the disk 14. In this test, the sliding surface between the pin 13 and the disk 14 was lubricated with a refrigerating machine oil consisting of mineral oil, and the surface pressure was 30 kgf / cm ² and the sliding speed was 4 m / s. (Weight) was measured. The measurement results are shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, the pin 1 made of aluminum alloy only
3 and the measurement result by the disk 14 were made into the 100% wear amount, and it represented with the relative value. It is shown that the smaller the amount of wear of the pin 13, the better the sliding member. According to FIG. 4, the sliding characteristics of the aluminum alloy material of Example 1 were about 30% less than the cast aluminum of Comparative Example 3 described later.
Shows that the wear resistance is good, and that the sliding member of Example 1 contributes to the improvement of the wear resistance.

Further, the scroll fluid compressor shown in FIG. 1 was assembled using the orbiting scroll 4 and the fixed scroll 5 of Example 1, and an actual machine test was conducted using HCFC22 as a refrigerant and mineral oil as a refrigerating machine oil. No wear was observed between the sliding parts of the orbiting scroll 4 and the fixed scroll 5 even after a long time operation, and good wear resistance was exhibited. Further, the frequency dependence of the refrigerating capacity was measured, and the result is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, in terms of performance, a scroll fluid compressor having a higher efficiency than that of the cast aluminum of Comparative Example 3 could be obtained.

Example 2 The same method as in Example 1 except that the powder of aluminum alloy (AC8C) containing 20% by weight of silicon carbide fiber having a fiber diameter of 1 μm was used as the fiber material. Shaped orbiting scrolls and fixed scrolls were produced.

The wear resistance of the orbiting scroll and the fixed scroll thus obtained was evaluated using the same apparatus as in Example 1. The evaluation result is shown in FIG. The sliding characteristics of Example 2 were particularly excellent as compared with the sliding characteristics of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 described later.

Example 3 The same method as in Example 1 was used except that powder of aluminum alloy (AC8C) containing 20% by weight of carbon fiber having a fiber diameter of 10 μm was used as the fiber material. The orbiting scroll and the fixed scroll were manufactured.

The wear resistance of the obtained orbiting scroll and fixed scroll was evaluated using the same apparatus as in Example 1. The evaluation result is shown in FIG. The sliding characteristics of Example 2 were superior to the sliding characteristics of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 described below.

Comparative Example 1 10% by weight of silicon carbide powder was dispersed, and a nickel alloy surface layer having a phosphorus content of 2% by weight was formed using cast aluminum having a thickness of 5 μm formed by electroless plating. An orbiting scroll and a fixed scroll having the same shape as in Example 1 were produced. The abrasion resistance of the obtained orbiting scroll and fixed scroll was evaluated using the same apparatus as in Example 1. The evaluation result is shown in FIG.

Comparative Example 2 An anodization layer containing 5% by weight of molybdenum disulfide was used.
The orbiting scroll and the fixed scroll having the same shape as in Example 1 were produced using cast aluminum having a thickness of μm and formed by the oxalic acid method. The abrasion resistance of the obtained orbiting scroll and fixed scroll was evaluated using the same apparatus as in Example 1. The evaluation result is shown in FIG.

Comparative Example 3 An orbiting scroll and a fixed scroll having the same shape as in Example 1 were produced by using cast aluminum (AC8C) containing no fibrous material. The abrasion resistance of the obtained orbiting scroll and fixed scroll was evaluated using the same apparatus as in Example 1. The evaluation result is shown in FIG.

Further, the scroll fluid compressor shown in FIG. 1 was assembled using the orbiting scroll 4 and the fixed scroll 5 of Comparative Example 3, and the frequency dependency of the refrigerating capacity was measured using HCFC22 as a refrigerant and mineral oil as a refrigerating machine oil. did. The result is shown in FIG.

[0048]

According to the scroll fluid compressor of the present invention, the scroll is formed of an aluminum alloy base material, and a fiber material is compounded on at least the sliding portion surface of the spiral wrap end portion of the scroll and the end plate. Therefore, the wear resistance of the sliding surface between the scrolls is improved, and plastic deformation is prevented. Therefore, the life of the scroll fluid compressor can be extended, and the leakage of refrigerant and the like can be reduced to improve the efficiency.

In the scroll of the scroll fluid compressor of the present invention, since the fibrous material is compounded only on the sliding portion surface of the aluminum alloy base material, there is no problem such as peeling or breakage of the coating, and the durability is improved. It does not deteriorate the machinability. Therefore, material cost and manufacturing cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a scroll fluid compressor.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a scroll according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a friction and wear tester.

FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing an evaluation result of an abrasion resistance test.

FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the refrigerating capacity and the frequency of the scroll fluid compressor according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... closed container, 2 frame, 2a circular opening, 2b thrust ring, 2c outer peripheral projection, 3 shaft, 3a centrifugal pump, 3b
……… Crank part, 4 ………… Orbiting scroll, 4a ……
… End plate, 4b ……… Wrap, 4c ……… Boss part, 4d…
…… Key groove, 5 ……… Fixed scroll, 5a ……… End plate, 5b ……… Lap, 6 ……… Oldham ring, 7…
...... Suction pipe, 8 ......... Rotor, 9 ......... Stator,
10 ... Discharge pipe, 11 ... Aluminum alloy base material, 12 ... Fiber material composite layer, 13 ... Pin, 14 ...
……disk.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A scroll fluid compressor in which two scrolls having an end plate and a spiral wrap standing upright on the surface of the end plate are swung relative to each other so that the scrolls are made of aluminum. A scroll fluid compressor, which is formed of an alloy base material and is composed of a fiber material compounded on at least a sliding portion surface of the scroll-shaped wrap end portion and the end plate of the scroll. 2. The scroll fluid compressor according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the portion where the sliding member surface is combined with the fiber material is 10 μm to 2 mm. 3. The scroll fluid compressor according to claim 1, wherein the fiber material is at least one selected from alumina fibers having a fiber diameter of 1 μm to 10 μm, silicon carbide fibers, and carbon fibers. Characteristic scroll fluid compressor. 4. The scroll fluid compressor according to claim 1, wherein the content of the fibrous material in the portion where the fibrous material is compounded on the sliding portion surface is 10% by weight to 20% by weight. Scroll fluid compressor.