JPH06130943A - Acoustic effect device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the acoustic effect device which easily adds an excellent acoustic effect to the musical performance of musical sounds by receiving a MIDI signal transmitted from an electronic musical instrument of MIDI standards and using the timing clock of this MIDI signal to automatically perform the reverberation processing of musical sounds corresrespond-ingly to the performance tempo of the electronic musical instrument. CONSTITUTION:An acoustic effect device 1 which adds an reverberation signal to an analog or digital musical sound signal by reverberation processing means 19 and 21 to add an acoustic effect to the performance of musical sounds is provided with a reverberation time setting means 11 which sets the reverberation time and MIDI signal reception means 11 and 18 which receive the MIDI signal for control of the electronic musical instrument, and the reverberation time setting means 11 calculates the reverberation time in accordance with time intervals of the timing clock of the MIDI signal received by MIDI signal reception means 11 and 18, thereby setting the reverberation time.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sound effect device in an electronic musical instrument or the like. Sound effect device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In playing, singing, etc. (hereinafter simply referred to as "playing"), adding a reverberation effect of adding thickness and depth to a musical sound and adding a reverberation is a performance in which a performance, particularly room performance, is heard naturally. Known as a means. Therefore, in today's remarkable technological progress related to electronic musical instruments,
It is common practice to add a reverberation effect to a performance by an acoustic effect device equipped with a reverberation processing device.

Conventionally, the following method has been used to add a reverberation effect to a performance by using such an acoustic effect device. That is, the user of the acoustic effect device performs an operation of sensuously setting the reverberation time in the reverberation processing device in consideration of the type of sound to which the reverberation effect is added, the tempo of performance, and the like.

[0004]

However, such a conventional method has the following problems. Originally, when adding a reverberation effect to the performance of a musical piece, it is necessary to adjust the reverberation time according to the tempo of the performance of the accompaniment electronic musical instrument. Otherwise, since the reverberation of the reverberated musical sound does not fit the accompaniment, the reverberated musical sound adversely affects the performance. For example, if a long reverberation process is applied to a light song with a fast tempo, the lightness of the performance will be lost. Therefore, for fast tempo performances,
It is desirable to apply reverberation processing that matches the fast tempo. However, in the conventional method, it is difficult for an experienced user to match the reverberation time to the performance tempo, and the user of the sound effect device sets the reverberation time separately from the electronic musical instrument in the sound effect device. Therefore, the tempo of the accompaniment of the electronic musical instrument and the reverberation processing of the musical tone cannot be adjusted in correlation with each other. Moreover, if the tempo changes during the performance, the progress of the performance will be hindered, and the reverberation time setting itself cannot be changed.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and receives a MIDI signal transmitted from a MIDI-compliant electronic musical instrument and uses the timing clock of the MIDI signal to play the electronic musical instrument. It is an object of the present invention to provide a sound effect device which can easily add an excellent sound effect to a performance of a musical sound by automatically reverberating the musical sound according to the tempo.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a sound effect apparatus according to a first aspect of the present invention plays a musical sound by adding a reverberant sound signal to an analog or digital musical sound signal by a reverberation processing means. In a sound effect device for adding a sound effect to a reverberation time, a reverberation time setting means for setting a reverberation time of a reverberation sound, and a MID for controlling an electronic musical instrument
MIDI signal receiving means for receiving the I signal, and the reverberation time setting means is the MI received by the MIDI signal receiving means.
It is characterized in that the reverberation time is set by calculating the reverberation time from the time interval of the timing clock of the DI signal.

In this case, the reverberation time setting means has a tempo determining means for determining the performance tempo of the musical tone from the time interval of the timing clock of the received MIDI signal, and the reverberation time is based on the tempo determined by the tempo determining means. May be configured to be set.

Further, the reverberation processing means has reverberation time changing means for changing the reverberation time calculated by the reverberation time setting means, and reverberates the musical tone with the reverberation time changed by the reverberation time changing means. It may be configured.

[0009]

According to the above-described acoustic effect device, the reverberation time setting means is the MID received by the MIDI signal receiving means.
The reverberation time is calculated from the time interval of the timing clock of the I signal, the reverberation time is set from the calculated reverberation time, and the reverberation processing unit reverberates the musical sound input to the acoustic effect device with the set reverberation time. To do. Therefore, since the reverberation processing of the musical sound can be correlated with the performance tempo of the electronic musical instrument connected to the MIDI signal receiving means, an excellent reverberation effect can be added to the performance.

The sound effect apparatus according to claim 2 is
Since the performance tempo is determined from the time interval of the MIDI signal and the reverberation time is set from the determined tempo, the same operation as described above is performed.

Further, the sound effect device according to claim 3 is
By changing the reverberation time calculated by the reverberation time setting means by the reverberation time changing means, only the reverberation time for reverberating the musical tone is changed without changing the performance tempo calculated from the time interval of the timing clock of the MIDI signal. be able to. Therefore, even when the tempo of the performance is constant and the time signature is different, the reverberation processing of the musical tone can be correlated not only to the tempo of the performance of the electronic musical instrument but also to the time signature.

[0012]

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. First, the configuration of the acoustic effect device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. First, the external appearance of the acoustic effect device 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. On the front surface of the sound effect device 1 shown in FIG. 1A, a display unit 2, a measurement switch 3, a determination switch 4,
The beat change switch 5 and the power switch 6 are arranged, and the MIDI effect device 1 shown in FIG.
A signal connector 7, a tone output connector 8 and a tone input connector 9 are arranged.

The display unit 2 is made of liquid crystal, and is an electronic musical instrument calculated from the reverberation time of a reverberation sound added to a musical sound such as an analog voice or a musical instrument sound of an electronic musical instrument, and a time interval of a timing clock of a MIDI signal. Display the tempo and time signature of the performance of.

The measurement switch 3 and the decision switch 4 are both push button switches. When each switch is pushed, MI
A reverberation time calculation routine for calculating the reverberation time of the reverberation sound from the timing clock of the DI signal and a main routine for reverberating the musical sound are started. Each of these routines will be described later.

The time signature changeover switch 5 constitutes a reverberation time changing means, and when the time signature changeover switch 5 is pressed, the time signature display on the display unit 2 is changed and M
It is possible to change only the reverberation time for reverberating the musical tone in accordance with the desired beat, without changing the speed of the performance tempo calculated from the timing clock of the IDI signal. The power switch 6 is a push button type switch,
When the power switch 6 is pressed, power is supplied to the sound effect device 1.

The MIDI signal connector 7 is a MIDI connector for synchronously controlling a MIDI standard electronic musical instrument using a sequencer or a computer with a timing clock.
A connector for receiving a DI signal, the MIDI
The signal connector 7 is used to input a timing clock signal from an electronic musical instrument (not shown).

The musical sound output connector 8 and the musical sound input connector 9 are used for inputting and outputting musical sounds. The musical sound output connector 8 is connected to an audio amplifier, and the musical sound input connector 9 is connected to a microphone, an electronic musical instrument, etc., respectively. It

Next, the structure of the acoustic effect device 1 will be described with reference to FIG. According to the figure, the sound effect device 1 has a CPU
11, A / D converter 12, D / A converter 13, switch interface 14, display interface 15, program ROM 16, RAM 17, MID
I signal interface unit 18, DSP (Digital Sign
al Processor) 19, DSP program ROM 20, D
The SP RAM 21 and the signal processing RAM 22 are provided.

Specifically, the CPU 11 is a microcomputer and controls the reverberation processing means in the sound effect device 1 and operates as reverberation time setting means, MIDI.
Control of various operations including reception of MIDI signal data as signal receiving means and operation as tempo determining means. The A / D converter 12 converts an analog signal of a musical sound into a digital signal. The D / A converter 13 converts a digital signal into a musical tone analog signal. The switch interface unit 14 turns on / off the switches 3, 4, and 5.
The OFF signal is output to the CPU 11. The display interface unit 15 sends data such as reverberation time to the CPU 1
It is input from 1 and converted into display data for display on the display unit 2.

The program ROM 16 stores a program for operating the CPU 11. RAM17 is a CPU
The reverberation time, the tempo value, etc. as the calculation result of 11 are temporarily stored. MIDI signal interface section 18
Composes a MIDI signal receiving means together with the CPU 11 and converts a timing clock of a MIDI signal input from an electronic musical instrument (not shown) via the MIDI signal connector 7 from a serial signal into a signal receivable by the CPU 11.

The DSP 19 operates as a reverberation processing means and adds a reverberation sound signal composed of a predetermined repetitive sound to the digital signal. The DSP program ROM 20 is D
A program for operating SP19 is stored. The DSP RAM 21 stores temporary parameters required when performing reverberation processing. The signal processing RAM 22 stores digital data for a certain period of time as delay processing required when the DSP 19 performs reverberation processing. This signal processing RAM 22 is
Although not particularly limited, it has a storage area of addresses 0000 to FFFF, and each address stores 3 bytes of digital signal data.

A method of using the above acoustic effect device 1 will be briefly described. The musical sound to be the target of the reverberation processing when adding the reverberation effect to the performance is not particularly limited, but, for example, when adding the reverberation effect to a voice singing,
A microphone is connected to the musical sound input connector 9 to input a voice to the sound effect device 1. Then, the musical sound output connector 8 is connected to the audio amplifier, and the output part of the audio amplifier is connected to the speaker. Also, the MIDI signal connector 7 is connected to an electronic musical instrument (not shown).

Next, when the MIDI signal is received from the electronic musical instrument and the measurement switch 3 is pressed, the measurement of the time interval of the timing clock is started and the reverberation time is calculated from this time interval of the timing clock. During the measurement, both the reverberation time and the tempo display on the display unit 2 blink. When the decision switch 4 is pressed when the value of the reverberation time or the like becomes constant, the display of the reverberation time and the tempo is switched from the blinking state to the lighting state. At the same time, the sound input from the musical sound input connector 9 is reverberated with the reverberation time displayed on the display unit 2 and output from the musical sound output connector 8.

Incidentally, the reverberation time is usually displayed as the reverberation time corresponding to a quarter note, and the reverberation time corresponding to a half note, an eighth note, a sixteenth note, etc., depending on the performance situation. When it is desired to perform reverberation processing in step 1, the reverberation time can be changed using the switch 5, as described later.

As described above, the voice input to the sound effect device 1 is reverberated for the reverberation time displayed on the display unit 2, and then output from the speaker through the musical sound output connector 8 via an audio amplifier (not shown). Therefore, a reverberation effect can be added to the song.

When the tempo played by the electronic musical instrument changes midway, the time interval of the timing clock of the MIDI signal also changes. Therefore, the sound effect device 1
Always measures the time interval of this timing clock,
Corresponding to the time interval of the timing clock, the reverberation time and tempo display on the display unit 2 and the reverberation time for reverberating the musical tone change.

Next, the operation of the sound effect device 1 will be described in detail with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. When the power switch 6 is turned on, a predetermined power is supplied to the sound effect device 1 (step 31), and the CPU 11 causes the program ROM
After performing a predetermined system reset (step 32) according to the program stored in 16, the main routine which is a program for reverberating the musical sound is started (step 33).

This main routine will be described with reference to FIG. The CPU 11 constantly monitors whether or not the decision switch 4 is pushed by the ON / OFF signal of the decision switch 4 output from the switch interface unit 14 (step 34). When the decision switch 4 is pressed,
The reverberation time data calculated by the reverberation time calculation routine described later is stored in the RAM 17 (step 35).

Next, the reverberation time data stored in the RAM 17 is read (step 36). Then, the digital signal data (hereinafter referred to as "data") converted from the musical sound by the A / D converter 12 is output to the DSP 19 via the system bus 23 (step 37). This D
SP19 performs reverberation processing as follows (step 3)
8). First, the data is written in the signal processing RAM 22.
Writing to the signal processing RAM 22 is specifically started by writing data to the address 0000, and then,
After the lapse of the same time as the sampling time in the A / D converter 12 (hereinafter referred to as “writing time”), the address 00
The data written in 00 is shifted to the next address 0001 by one. Then, the next data is sent to the address 000.
Store in 0. By repeating such an operation every write time, the first written data is sequentially shifted from the address 0000 to the address FFFF as the main routine is executed, and all the data is continuously written in the signal processing RAM 22. Write to the specified address area.

Next, the read address of the signal processing RAM 22 is determined from the reverberation time data calculated by the reverberation time calculation routine described later and stored in the RAM 17, and the data is read from this read address. The number of read addresses is not particularly limited, but 10 are set. Further, the determination of the read address is performed as follows. That is, the reverberation time is defined as the time from when the first data of the reverberation sound signal is read to when the data whose amplitude of the reverberation sound is attenuated by 60 dB is read. Data A is address 0000
Suppose that the data A has been written into, the address at which the shifted data A is stored can be determined after the time corresponding to the reverberation time has elapsed. Therefore, the address number of each read address is determined by allocating ten read addresses to the addresses between this address and the address 0000 at equal intervals.

Further, the reading of the data stored in the read address is carried out at the time intervals defined below.
That is, since the intervals between the read addresses described above have already been calculated, and the read time is set to be equal to the write time, the time interval for reading the data of each read address can be calculated. Therefore, if each read address is read at this calculated time interval, the same data can always be read.

The read data is input to the DSP 19, the amplitude data indicating the amplitude of the data is multiplied by the coefficient data corresponding to each read address, and all the data are added. This coefficient data is for determining the attenuation characteristic of the reverberation sound, and the coefficient data corresponding to the data of all the read addresses is the DSP program R.
It is stored in advance in the OM 20.

Next, the added reverberation sound data is converted into D / A.
It is output to the conversion unit 13 (step 39). With the above, the main routine ends, and the D / A conversion unit 13 converts the data into analog musical sounds and outputs them to the outside of the sound effect device 1.

Next, the reverberation time calculation routine is shown in FIG.
Will be explained. This routine is a routine for obtaining the tempo of the performance and the reverberation time from the time interval of the timing clock, and is specifically executed as follows. The CPU 11 constantly monitors whether or not the measurement switch 3 has been pressed, that is, the ON / OFF signal of the measurement switch 3 output from the switch interface unit 14 (step 41). When the measurement switch 3 is pressed, the CPU 11 sets the T value of the timer to 0 (step 42). The T value is a reference value for measuring the time interval of the MIDI signal and is not particularly limited, but T = 1 is set to correspond to the time of 20.8 μSec.

The CPU 11 constantly monitors whether or not the MIDI signal is input from the MIDI signal interface section 18 (step 43), and adds 1 to the T value unless the MIDI signal is input (step 44). , Steps 43 and 44 are repeated. When the MIDI signal is input, the T value at that time is read (step 45), and the value obtained by multiplying the T value by the time of 20.8 μSec is used as the clock time interval of the timing clock to calculate the tempo value (step 46). ).

The T value is 100 when the tempo value is calculated.
Taking the case of 0 as an example, it is performed as follows. That is, the MIDI standard defines the timing clock (F8H) as a system real-time message. According to this, the timing clock is transmitted at a rate of 24 times per quarter note. Also, the tempo is
This is the value at which quarter notes are counted in one minute. Therefore, since the clock time interval of the above-mentioned timing clock is 20.8 mSec, the number of timing clocks transmitted in one minute is about 2880 times. Here, since the tempo value is the number of timing clocks divided by 24, the tempo value is about 120. The tempo value is calculated by the above calculation method.

Next, the reverberation time is calculated from the tempo value (step 47). This reverberation time is defined as follows. First, reverberation time = 5-tempo value / 50 (unit Sec) is defined. Next, the reverberation time is calculated by substituting the tempo value obtained in step 46 into the above equation. Therefore, in the case of the above-mentioned example, since the tempo is 120, the reverberation time is 2.6 Sec.

The tempo and reverberation time data thus obtained are stored in the RAM 17, converted into display data, and then displayed on the display unit 2 via the display interface unit 15 (step 48). By repeating the above operation, the tempo and reverberation time are calculated from the time interval of the timing clock. After this, the process returns to step 42 and the reverberation time calculation routine is repeated.

After the measurement switch 3 is pressed, M
When the time interval of the timing clock of the IDI signal changes, the reverberation time calculation routine is automatically executed, and then the main routine is executed to change the display of the reverberation time and tempo and to reverberate the musical sound. The reverberation time to do is also changed.

In this embodiment, the performance tempo is calculated from the time interval of the timing clock and the reverberation time is calculated from the tempo value. However, the time interval of the timing clock, the tempo and the reverberation time described above are calculated. From the relationship, it goes without saying that the reverberation time can be directly calculated from the time interval of the timing clock.

The reverberation time determined by this reverberation time calculation routine is the time corresponding to the reverberation time in the quarter note. In the case of other notes, the reverberation time is set as follows by setting the switch 5. To change. That is, the quarter note is set to the reference value 1, and the reference values of the whole note, the half note, the eighth note and the sixteenth note are set to 4, 2, 0.5 and 0.25, respectively. The reverberation time is multiplied by this reference value, the multiplied value is used as a new reverberation time, the read address is determined from this new reverberation time, and the data read from this read address is multiplied by coefficient data and then added. As a result, the musical sound can be reverberated with the reverberation time corresponding to each note. In the case of notes other than the notes described above, the reference value is obtained as a value proportional to the length of the note.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the MIDI
Since the reverberation time can be calculated from the time interval of the signal timing clock and the musical sound can be reverberated with the reverberation time, the reverberation processing of the musical sound can only be correlated with the tempo of the performance of the electronic musical instrument. Instead, it can be correlated to the time signature. Therefore, an excellent reverberation effect can be added to the performance of this musical sound.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, the contents of each routine can be appropriately changed without departing from the gist of the present invention, and the reverberation time or the tempo value can be changed. Alternatively, it may be obtained from the conversion table of the clock time interval of the timing clock, the reverberation time, and the tempo, without depending on the calculation.

The number of read addresses is not limited to this embodiment, but may be 10 or more or 10 or less. Further, the method of creating the reverberation sound signal data is such that the position of the read address is fixed and the value of the coefficient data is changed according to the length of the reverberation time to determine the reverberation time. It can be appropriately changed without departing from the scope of the present invention. The value of the coefficient data may be a simple attenuation curve of the amplitude of the reverberation sound, or may be a complicated attenuation curve to give various changes to the volume of the reverberation sound of the musical sound. good.

[0045]

As described above, according to the present invention, MIDI
Receives MIDI signals transmitted from standard electronic musical instruments,
By automatically reverberating the musical sound with the reverberation time corresponding to the performance tempo of the electronic musical instrument by using the timing clock of the MIDI signal, an excellent acoustic effect can be easily added to the performance by the musical sound. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an appearance of a sound effect device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a sound effect device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the operation of the sound effect device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the operation of the sound effect device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Sound Effect Device 3 Measurement Switch 4 Decision Switch 5 Beat Change Switch 11 CPU 18 MIDI Signal Interface Section 19 DSP 20 DSP Program ROM 21 DSP RAM 22 Signal Processing RAM

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A reverberation time for setting a reverberation time of the reverberation sound in a sound effect apparatus for adding a reverberation sound signal to an analog or digital sound signal by a reverberation processing means to add a sound effect to the performance of the music sound. The reverberation time setting means includes a setting means and a MIDI signal receiving means for receiving a MIDI signal for controlling the electronic musical instrument, and the reverberation time setting means reverberates from a time interval of a timing clock of the MIDI signal received by the MIDI signal receiving means. An acoustic effect device configured to set the reverberation time by calculating a time. 2. The reverberation time setting means has a tempo determination means for determining a performance tempo of the musical tone from a time interval of a timing clock of the received MIDI signal, and based on the tempo determined by the tempo determination means. The acoustic effect device according to claim 1, wherein the acoustic effect device is configured to set the reverberation time. 3. The reverberation processing means has reverberation time changing means for changing the reverberation time calculated by the reverberation time setting means, and reverberates the musical sound with the reverberation time changed by the reverberation time changing means. The sound effect device according to claim 1, wherein the sound effect device is configured to be processed.