JPH06129738A - Freezing and air-conditioner and moisture control thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent moisture from entering into a freezing cycle by a method wherein all or a partial combination of moisture absoprtion agent, acid compliment and hydrolysis inhibitor are enclosed in a container which is removably connected in the midway part of a refrigerant pipe through a three-way valve. CONSTITUTION:A multi-type air conditioner is constituted such that its outdoor device 2 is normally installed on a roof top of a building and the outdoor device is connected to a plurality of indoor machines 3 mounted inside the building by a refrigerant pipe 4 through a branch part 8. In the midway part of a liquid pipe of a refrigerant pipe 4 for use in connecting the outdoor device 2 with the indoor device 3 are connected a container 1 having all or a partial combination of moisture absorbent an acid compliment and hydrolysis inhibitor enclosed therein and a moisture meter 5 through three-way valves 6 and 7 to the refrigerant pipe 4. In this way, since the container 1 and the moisture meter 5 are mounted through the three-way valves 6 and 7, the three-way valves 6 and 7 are changed over, resulting in that a fixing or a removal of the moisture meter 5 can be performed without releasing the refrigerant pipe to the surrounding atmosphere.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to water management of refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment, and more particularly to refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment and method for managing water that has entered the refrigeration cycle when the refrigerating and air conditioning equipment is installed on site.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Among refrigerants, which are working media used in refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment to date, those having ozone depleting ability have been internationally restricted in production and use in order to protect the ozone layer of the earth. Or, it is being limited, and efforts are being made to change the refrigerant to one having a property that is safe for the global environment.

In order to actually use some of the refrigerants selected as the alternative refrigerants in the refrigeration cycle, it is necessary that these refrigerants be compatible with the refrigerating machine oil necessary for lubricating the compressor. The compatible conditions are that the refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil are mutually soluble, chemically stable, and that a device using a compressor with a built-in motor has high electric insulation.

Refrigerating machine oils such as conventionally used mineral oils and alkylbenzenes do not have hygroscopicity, so the amount of water invading is small and the performance required for the dryer is also small. In the case of mineral oils, basic oils are not hydrolyzed. No acid is produced in the refrigeration cycle. However, conventionally used mineral oils and the like have poor compatibility with alternative refrigerants, and among refrigerating machine oils satisfying the above conditions, for example, ester-based oils have remarkable hygroscopicity and cause hydrolysis. There is something.

On the other hand, infiltration of water into the refrigeration cycle occurs during production, installation, and maintenance of the refrigeration / air-conditioning equipment. For example, when the refrigeration cycle is opened to the atmosphere, outside air enters the inside and Moisture is absorbed. During installation, rain dew may intrude into the pipes that have been left unattended.
At present, the amount of such infiltration of water is not controlled except for the production in the factory.

Due to such intrusion of water, various problems such as (1) to (5) described below occur in the ester type refrigerating machine oil and the like, and the reliability of the refrigerating and air conditioning equipment is impaired. That is, (1) the electric insulation of the refrigerating machine oil deteriorates, and the insulation of the built-in electric motor part becomes a problem in the hermetic compressor. (2) 0 ° C. or less on the low pressure side of the refrigeration cycle due to invading water. It freezes up at the place, and it becomes clogged with a filter etc., and normal operation cannot be performed. (3) Ester-based refrigerating machine oil is ester obtained by removing water from acid and alcohol. If there is a hydrolysis reaction, an acid is produced, and when the acid is produced, the hydrolysis proceeds further, which leads to an extremely serious situation. (4) Generated acid (fluorine) (Acids, fatty acids, etc.) cause corrosive wear on the sliding parts of the compressor and reduce the reliability of the compressor. (5) Acid reacts with the metal in the refrigeration cycle to produce metal soap,
This metal soap is clogged in various places and reduces reliability. For example, if viscous metal soap is generated, it will clog the capillary tube and the cooling capacity will be insufficient,
Furthermore, it may lead to the failure of the compressor.

In order to solve these problems, conventionally, moisture is prevented from entering the cycle during production and is controlled so as to be kept below a specified value. Install a dryer such as a synthetic zeolite that absorbs water in advance.To check the amount of water, use one such as a sight glass installed in the middle of the refrigerant pipe equipped with a water sensor that changes color in response to water. When using an ester-based refrigerating machine oil, for example, an acid scavenger or a hydrolysis inhibitor is added to the refrigerating machine oil to suppress hydrolysis itself, or the acid generated by hydrolysis is combined with the acid scavenger. It was common to take measures such as controlling the amount of acid.

Further, as described in JP-A-4-203868, the water content in the refrigeration cycle is detected and displayed.

[0009]

In the method of adding an acid scavenger to the refrigerating machine oil as described above, the amount of the acid scavenger is also limited, and when more water than can be trapped by this amount has entered. There are problems that can't be addressed.

Further, in the case of a field air conditioner, a package air conditioner, a refrigerator, or the like assembled on site, sufficient moisture control is not carried out, and if moisture enters, it may lead to the accident as described above. There was a problem that the property becomes extremely high.

The present invention has been made in view of the fact that a reliable measure is required to manage the water content, and the first purpose thereof is the water content in the refrigeration cycle at the time of on-site installation and maintenance. It is an object of the present invention to provide a refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus capable of surely preventing and removing intrusion and a water management method thereof.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus that removes water that has entered the cycle to a level that does not affect reliability, and a method for managing the water content.

A third object of the present invention is to provide a refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus which can be detected and controlled to ensure the management of water.

The fourth object of the present invention is to reliably retain the refrigerating machine oil in the compressor by using the refrigerating machine oil having neither hygroscopicity nor hydrolyzability which has a fatal effect on reliability even if water enters. It is to provide a refrigerating and air-conditioning device and a method for controlling the water content thereof.

[0015]

In order to achieve the first object, a refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus and a water management method thereof according to the present invention are provided with an outdoor unit, an indoor unit and a refrigerant pipe for connecting them. A container in which a water absorbent, an acid scavenger, a hydrolysis inhibitor, or a combination of some of them is enclosed is detachably connected in the middle of the refrigerant pipe through a three-way valve. is there.

Further, a container containing a water absorbent, an acid scavenger, a hydrolysis inhibitor, or a combination of some of them, and a moisture meter are detachably connected via a three-way valve in the middle of the refrigerant pipe. In addition, the test operation is performed until the amount of water in the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment becomes equal to or less than the set value based on the detection value of the moisture meter.

Further, an outdoor unit, an indoor unit and a refrigerant pipe for connecting these units are provided, and an air compressor provided on the discharge side of the air compressor via a three-way valve in the middle of the refrigerant pipe. -A vacuum pump and a vacuum pump are detachably connected.

Further, an outdoor unit, an indoor unit, and a refrigerant pipe for connecting these units are provided, and a container for flowing a fluid having high water absorption and volatility through a three-way valve in the middle of the refrigerant pipe, and an air compressor. The machine, a heater provided on the discharge side of the air compressor, and a vacuum pump are detachably connected.

At the time of installation or maintenance of the refrigeration / air-conditioning equipment, a container containing all or some combination of a water absorbent, an acid scavenger, and a hydrolysis inhibitor is connected to the refrigerant piping of the refrigeration / air-conditioning equipment, It is characterized in that the refrigeration / air-conditioning equipment is subjected to a test operation to pass a refrigerant into the container to reduce the water content in the refrigeration / air-conditioning equipment, and after the test operation, the connected container is removed to manage the water content.

A moisture meter is installed in the refrigerating cycle of the refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus, and a trial operation is performed until the amount of water in the refrigerating cycle falls below a specified value.

Further, at the time of installation or maintenance of the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment, the refrigerant pipe of the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment is connected with an air compressor and a heating means provided on the discharge side of the air compressor.
After heating the inside of the refrigeration cycle member such as the refrigerant pipe to heat the heated air, a vacuum pump is connected to the refrigerant pipe, and the inside of the refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus is evacuated to perform moisture management. It is what

Further, at the time of installation or maintenance of the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment, a liquid having water absorbability and volatility is made to flow into the refrigerating cycle member such as a refrigerant pipe of the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment, and then the liquid is made into the refrigerating cycle member. Discharged from inside,
The inside of the refrigeration cycle member is evacuated to control the water content.

Further, at the time of installation or maintenance of the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment, a liquid having water absorbability and volatility is made to flow in the refrigerating cycle member such as a refrigerant pipe of the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment, and then the liquid is made into the refrigerating cycle member. Discharged from inside,
It is characterized in that the inside of the refrigeration cycle member is heated and a vacuum is drawn to control the water content.

Further, the evacuation work is performed by using a vacuum pump, and a moisture meter is attached to at least one of an intake side and an exhaust side of the vacuum pump, and the moisture in the refrigeration cycle is measured by the moisture meter. The water content is controlled so that the amount is below the specified value.

Further, at the time of installation or maintenance of the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment, by using the refrigerant pipe of the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment having a cap whose opening is sealed and having at least one of a moisture detector and a moisture indicator. It controls the water content by connecting the refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment.

In addition, the refrigerant pipes of several kinds of lengths filled with the refrigerant are prepared in advance, and the dimensions of the refrigerant connection pipes of the indoor unit and the outdoor unit of the refrigerating and air conditioning equipment are set at the time of installation or maintenance of the refrigerating and air conditioning equipment. According to the above, the refrigerant pipe is connected to control the water content.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned second object, the refrigerating and air conditioning equipment and the water management method thereof according to the present invention are provided with an outdoor unit, an indoor unit and a refrigerant pipe for connecting them, and the outdoor unit is a compressor. , An oil separator provided on the discharge side of the compressor, and a water absorbent provided on the suction side of the compressor, an acid scavenger, a hydrolysis inhibitor, or a combination of some of them. Accumulator,
The oil reservoir of the oil separator and the suction side of the compressor are connected to each other via a throttle.

The compressor chamber is filled with a water absorbent, an acid scavenger, a hydrolysis inhibitor, or a combination of some of them.

Further, all of the enclosed water absorbent, acid scavenger, hydrolysis inhibitor, or a combination of some of them is replaceable.

In order to achieve the third object, the refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus and the water management method thereof according to the present invention are such that at least one of an electric resistance meter and an acid detecting device is installed in the refrigerating cycle of the refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus. It is a feature.

Further, when it is judged that the resistance value of the electric resistance meter is below a specified value or the acid concentration detected by the acid detection device is above the specified value, this is displayed or an alarm is issued. It is something to do.

Further, the control for stopping the operation of the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment when it is judged that the resistance value of the electric resistance meter is below a specified value or the acid concentration detected by the acid detection device is above the specified value. Is to do.

Further, when the moisture meter and the control device of the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment are electrically connected, and the moisture content in the refrigeration cycle does not fall below a specified value after a lapse of a certain time during test operation, the refrigeration The interlock is applied so that the operation of the air conditioning equipment is not started.

Further, the interlock releasing method is a key for inputting or releasing the personal identification number.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned fourth object, the refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus and the water management method therefor according to the present invention provide refrigeration such as a heat exchanger and a liquid receiver in a refrigeration cycle after the refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus has been operating for a certain time. The operation is to return the refrigerating machine oil from the cycle component pipes to the compressor.

Further, the compressor is provided with a device for detecting the amount of refrigerating machine oil, and it is judged that the refrigerating machine oil inside the compressor has become less than a specified value based on a signal that detects the amount of refrigerating machine oil inside the compressor. In such a case, the operation of returning the refrigerating machine oil from each device in the refrigeration cycle to the compressor is performed.

[0037]

As described above, a container containing all or a combination of the water absorbent, the acid scavenger, and the hydrolysis inhibitor is detachably connected through the three-way valve in the middle of the refrigerant pipe. Temperature, or perform a test run until the water content in the refrigeration and air conditioning equipment falls below the set value based on the detection value of the moisture meter, or when installing or maintaining the refrigeration and air conditioning equipment, a water absorbent, acid scavenger, hydrolysis Connect a container containing all or some combinations of the suppressors to the refrigerant piping of the refrigeration and air conditioning equipment, perform a trial run of the refrigeration and air conditioning equipment, and pass the refrigerant through the container to remove the water in the refrigeration and air conditioning equipment. The water content is reduced by removing the connected container after trial operation, or the moisture meter is installed in the refrigeration cycle of the refrigeration and air conditioning equipment. Since the commissioning until water content in the Le is equal to or less than a specified value is captured a significant amount of moisture even though enters the refrigeration cycle moisture absorbent. Further, the hydrolysis during the trial run is suppressed by the hydrolysis inhibitor, and even if an acid is generated by the hydrolysis, it is captured by the acid scavenger.

Further, an air compressor, a heater and a vacuum pump are detachably connected via a three-way valve in the middle of the refrigerant pipe, or the refrigerant pipe of the refrigerating and air conditioning equipment is provided with an air compressor and heating means. After connecting and heating the inside of the refrigeration cycle member such as the refrigerant pipe to heat the heated air, connect the refrigerant pipe to the vacuum pump and perform vacuuming to control the water content. The gas is allowed to flow into the refrigerant pipe to heat the pipe portion, and the moisture or the like condensed inside the pipe can be heated and evaporated, and can be easily discharged by performing vacuuming.

Further, a container for flowing a highly water-absorbing and highly volatile fluid, an air compressor, a heater, and a vacuum pump are detachably connected to the refrigerant pipe through a three-way valve, or are frozen. After flowing a liquid having moisture absorbability and volatility into the cycle member, the liquid is discharged from the inside of the refrigeration cycle member, and the inside of the refrigeration cycle member is evacuated to control the water content, or inside the refrigeration cycle member. After flowing a liquid having water absorbability and volatility, the liquid is discharged from the inside of the refrigeration cycle member, the inside of the refrigeration cycle member is heated and vacuum is drawn to control the water content, or a vacuum pump during vacuum drawing work. A moisture meter is installed on at least one of the intake side and the exhaust side of the and the water content is controlled by the moisture meter so that the amount of water in the refrigeration cycle is below the specified value. By passing in the pipe, the moisture entered inside the pipe is discharged together with the alcohol penetration into alcohol. Alcohol itself easily evaporates and can be easily discharged.

Refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment is connected by using a refrigerant pipe having a cap whose opening is sealed and having at least one of a moisture detector and a moisture indicator.
Alternatively, prepare refrigerant pipes of several types in which the refrigerant is filled in advance, and according to the dimensions of the refrigerant connection pipes such as the indoor unit and the outdoor unit of the refrigeration and air conditioning equipment, the refrigerant pipes are connected to control the water content. The amount of water in the pipe can be grasped, the invasion of water can be completely eliminated, and the size of the site can be adjusted by combining the precharge pipes of several lengths.

As described above, the outdoor unit is provided with the compressor, the oil separator, and the suction side of the compressor, and all or a combination of a water absorbent, an acid scavenger, and a hydrolysis inhibitor is used. The enclosed accumulator, the oil reservoir of the oil separator and the suction side of the compressor communicate with each other through a throttle, or a water absorbent, an acid scavenger, and a hydrolysis inhibitor inside the compressor chamber. All or a combination of some of them is encapsulated, or all of the encapsulated water absorbent, acid scavenger, hydrolysis inhibitor or a combination of some of them is configured to be exchangeable. Therefore, a large amount of water absorbent, acid scavenger, and hydrolysis inhibitor can be installed in the refrigeration cycle, and there is no problem with a large amount of water intrusion.

As described above, at least one of the electric resistance meter and the acid detecting device is installed in the refrigerating cycle of the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment, or the resistance value of the electric resistance meter is less than the specified value or the acid detecting device is used. When it is judged that the detected acid concentration exceeds the specified value, this is displayed or an alarm is issued, or the resistance value of the electric resistance meter is below the specified value, or it is detected by the acid detection device. When it is determined that the stored acid concentration has exceeded the specified value, the control of stopping the operation of the refrigeration and air conditioning equipment is performed, so that the water content, electrical resistance, and acid generation amount can be reliably known, and workability and maintainability Is improved. Also, it is possible to take measures to improve the reliability of the refrigeration and air conditioning equipment.

Further, when the moisture meter and the control device of the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment are electrically connected, and the water content in the refrigerating cycle does not fall below the specified value after the elapse of a certain time during the trial run, the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment The interlock is applied to prevent the operation of the device from starting, or the method for releasing the interlock is the key for entering or releasing the security code.Therefore, if an accident occurs if the operation is started, the interlock is applied and the frozen Since the operation of the air conditioning equipment is stopped, reliable management can be performed in the field work.

As described above, after the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment has been operating for a certain period of time, the refrigerating machine oil such as the heat exchanger and the liquid receiver in the refrigerating cycle is returned to the compressor from the refrigerating cycle constituent equipment pipes. Refrigerating machine oil discharged from the refrigerant from the refrigeration cycle without being captured by the oil separator inside the refrigerating machine oil is controlled by increasing the operating speed of the compressor at regular intervals. Since it returns from the compressor to the compressor, the amount of refrigerating machine oil in the compressor can be maintained at a level that does not cause any problems in the reliability of the compressor.

Further, when it is determined that the refrigerating machine oil inside the compressor is below the specified value based on the signal that detects the refrigerating machine oil amount inside the compressor, the refrigerating machine oil is fed from each device in the refrigeration cycle to the compressor. Since the returning operation is performed, the amount of refrigerating machine oil in the compressor is measured, so that the refrigerating machine oil returning operation can be surely controlled.

[0046]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In this embodiment, the installation of a multi air conditioner will be described as an example. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a refrigerating and air conditioning equipment, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a refrigerant pipe.

As shown in FIG. 1, in a multi-air conditioner, an outdoor unit 2 is usually installed on the roof of a building, and a plurality of indoor units 3 installed inside a building by a refrigerant pipe 4 and a branch section 8 are installed. Connected through. This outdoor unit 2 and indoor unit 3
In the middle of the liquid pipe of the refrigerant pipe 4 for connecting the above, a container 1 in which a water absorbent, an acid scavenger, a hydrolysis inhibitor, or a combination of some of them is enclosed, and a moisture meter 5
However, the refrigerant pipe 4 is detachably installed via the three-way valves 6 and 7. In this way, the container 1 and the moisture meter 5 are connected to the three-way valve 6,
Since it is installed via 7, it is possible to attach and detach the container 1 and the moisture meter 5 by switching the three-way valves 6 and 7, without opening the refrigerant pipe to the atmosphere, and even in the trial run for a certain time or longer. If the water content does not drop below the specified value, the installed water absorbent can be replaced with a new one and the test run can be continued. In this way, after the installation or maintenance work is completed, the trial run is performed until the water content falls below the specified value, and after the water content in the cycle drops below the specified value, the installed water absorbent etc. and the water content meter are removed.

On the other hand, the moisture meter 5 is electrically connected to the controller 9 of the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment provided in the outdoor unit 2 through the wiring 10, and the moisture value in the refrigeration cycle detected by the moisture meter 5 is measured. The operation of the refrigerating and air conditioning equipment is controlled based on this. That is, in a refrigerating and air-conditioning device, if the amount of water is greater than or equal to the specified value after the test operation, the interlock is controlled so that the operation does not start. This interlock does not hold a signal indicating that the moisture meter 5 has been inserted, a signal indicating that the output of the moisture meter 5 has dropped below a specified value after a test run for a certain period of time, and a signal indicating that the moisture meter 5 has been removed. In this case, prevent operation of equipment such as compressors. Also, it outputs or displays a signal indicating that the interlock has been applied. In order to release this interlock, it is possible to use a control device that requires a key for inputting and releasing a personal identification number, and it is also possible to use it as a measure for improving reliability during field installation and maintenance. As a result, even if the amount of intruding water is removed by the above-described work method, there is a case where the sealing of the connection portion of the refrigerant pipe is incomplete and the reliable management of the on-site work may be insufficient,
Since the interlock is applied by this means and the operation of the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment is not started, it is possible to prevent an accident from occurring due to water that has entered the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment, and to ensure reliability.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the water that has entered the refrigeration cycle during the on-site installation and maintenance of the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment is captured by the water absorbent, and the hydrolysis during the trial run is suppressed. Can be suppressed with a drug. In addition, even if acid is generated by hydrolysis, it is captured by the acid scavenger, and most of the factors that lead to an accident can be removed at the stage of trial operation of refrigeration and air conditioning equipment, so the reliability of refrigeration and air conditioning equipment using alternative refrigerants can be improved. Can be improved. Further, since a large amount of water absorbent, acid scavenger or hydrolysis inhibitor can be used, the water can be surely removed. In addition, the water absorbent etc.
It is economical because it can be removed and recycled for reuse.

In consideration of the fact that the refrigerant pipe is left at the time of installation, it is effective to use water management of the refrigerant pipe itself as shown in FIG. That is, the refrigerant pipe 4
A sealing cap 16 is provided at the opening of the refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus that is open to the atmosphere, and at least one of a moisture detector 17 and a moisture indicator 18 is installed on the cap 16. As a result, the amount of water in the pipe can be grasped, and for example, it can be judged whether or not the water removal work is necessary, and the workability is improved.

It is also possible to prepare a precharge pipe of some length in which the refrigerant is pre-filled and connect the precharge pipe according to the size of the connection pipe at the construction site. This allows for very little water ingress and allows the combination of several lengths of precharge tubing to fit the site dimensions.

Further, instead of the moisture meter 5 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, or together with the moisture meter 5, at least one of an electric resistance meter and an acid detecting device is installed in the refrigerating and air conditioning equipment, or in terms of reliability of each. Control such as display, alarm, and operation stop at the specified value in question. By doing this, the decrease in electrical resistance and the acid generation amount can be surely understood, and the workability and maintainability are improved. In addition, it is possible to take measures to improve the reliability of refrigeration and air conditioning equipment.

A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, an air compressor 11 and a heater 12 provided on the discharge side of the air compressor 11 are connected in the middle of a refrigerant pipe via three-way valves 6 and 7. On the other hand, the vacuum pump 14 and the moisture meter 5 are connected by piping. In this case, the vacuum pump 14 for evacuation may have a built-in moisture meter, or the moisture meter 5 may be provided on the suction side or the discharge side of the vacuum pump. Further, a container 13 is attached to the discharge side of the air compressor 11 so that the alcohol can flow into the refrigeration cycle.

In this way, the refrigeration cycle member such as the refrigerant pipe 4 which is opened to the atmosphere and assembled during installation or maintenance of the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment is discharged by the air compressor 11 and heated by the heater 12 at a high temperature. A vacuum can be drawn after heating with dry air or the like. For example, in FIG.
As shown in, the heater 12 provided on the discharge side of the air compressor 11 heats the air discharged from the air compressor 11, and guides the high temperature gas into the refrigerant pipe 4 through the three-way valves 6 and 7, For example, it is discharged from the connecting portion 15 of the indoor unit 3,
The 4th part of refrigerant piping is heated. After that, the vacuum pump 14 is attached to the portion from which the air compressor 11 is removed to seal the connecting portion 15 of the indoor unit 3, and then the vacuum pump 14 evacuates. By doing so, it is possible to heat and evaporate the moisture or the like condensed inside the refrigerant pipe 4 and to easily and surely discharge it.

Further, a fluid having a high water absorbing property and volatility such as alcohol is made to flow from the container 13 to the place where the above-mentioned high temperature gas is made to flow, and this is discharged from the connecting portion 15 to the indoor unit 3 etc. Similarly, the cycle member can be heated and evacuated. By doing so, the water that has entered the pipe interior 4 dissolves in the alcohol and is discharged together with the alcohol. At this time, the alcohol itself can be easily discharged because it easily evaporates. The used alcohol is economical because it can be regenerated and reused, and a moisture meter or the like can be added to the refrigeration cycle to check the moisture content and reliably keep the moisture content below the specified value.

A sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the present embodiment, a water absorbent, an acid scavenger, a hydrolysis inhibitor, or a combination of some of them is provided in the accumulator 23 installed in the outdoor unit 2 or the chamber of the compressor 20. Enclosed container 1
8 is installed. The outdoor unit 2 of this embodiment is provided with a compressor 20 having an oil amount detector 21 for detecting the amount of refrigerating machine oil attached to the bottom thereof, and an oil separator 22 is provided on the discharge side thereof. There is. Oil separator 22
A four-way valve 25, an outdoor heat exchanger 26, and a check valve are connected to the indoor unit 3 via a refrigerant pipe 4 on the discharge side of the expansion mechanism 24 connected in parallel. Further, the suction side pipe of the compressor 20 and the oil separator 22 are connected via a throttle 27 so that the oil separated by the oil separator 22 is returned to the suction side. As shown in FIG. 5, the accumulator 23 has a flange structure 19 so that the water absorbent or the like mounted in the accumulator 23 can be replaced. Further, the chamber of the compressor 20 may have a flange structure so that the water absorbent or the like attached to the chamber can be replaced as needed. With this configuration, the water absorbent or the like can be exchanged at regular inspections, etc., and the reliability is improved. Further, since a large amount of water absorbent or the like can be installed in the refrigeration cycle, a large amount of water intrusion can be treated without any problem.

When the refrigerating machine oil is not hydrolyzable, even if water enters the refrigeration cycle, it is possible to take the same measures against water as in the conventional case, and the workability and maintainability are improved, which is economical. . However, if a conventional refrigerating machine oil such as mineral oil that is not hydrolyzable is used, it has poor compatibility with the alternative refrigerant as described above, and the refrigerating machine oil flowing out into the refrigeration cycle separates from the refrigerant and stays in the refrigeration cycle. There is a problem of not returning to the compressor.

In this embodiment, the oil separator 23 is installed on the discharge side of the compressor 20 to reduce the outflow amount of the refrigerating machine oil into the refrigerating cycle, and after the operation for a certain period of time, the refrigerating cycle constituent equipment compresses the compressor 20. The refrigerating machine oil return operation to the compressor 20 or the refrigerating machine oil amount detecting device 2 in the compressor 20.
1 is provided, and when the refrigerating machine oil amount becomes equal to or less than the specified value, the refrigerating machine oil return operation is performed until the refrigerating machine oil amount becomes equal to or more than the specified value. That is, among the refrigerating machine oil discharged from the compressor 20 together with the refrigerant, the refrigerating machine oil which has not been captured by the oil separator 22 and has flowed out into the refrigerating cycle is after a certain operating time or the refrigerating machine oil amount is equal to or less than a specified value. In such a case, the amount of refrigerant circulation in the refrigeration cycle is increased by performing control such as forcibly increasing the operating speed of the compressor 20, and the refrigerant is returned to the compressor 20 together with the refrigerant. At this time, it is better that the operating speed of the compressor is as close as possible to the upper limit in order to return the refrigerating machine oil, but on the other hand, the adjustment of temperature and humidity in the air-conditioning field is disturbed, so half or more of the operating speed range is exceeded. The operating speed is set to the rotational speed of, and the operating speed is set as close as possible to the rotational speed set in the capacity control. Further, at this time, when the expansion mechanism 24 is opened as much as possible, the refrigerant flow rate is increased, and the return of the refrigerating machine oil to the compressor is improved. However, also in this case, similarly, the control method is such that the opening degree of the expansion mechanism is equal to or more than half of the adjustment width and is close to the original opening degree of the expansion mechanism at this time.

By controlling in this way, the compressor 2
The amount of refrigerating machine oil within 0 can be maintained at a level that does not cause a problem in compressor reliability.

As described above, by implementing the present invention, the shift of the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment to the alternative refrigerant can be rapidly progressed, and the preservation of the global environment such as ozone layer depletion can be promoted.

[0061]

As described above, according to the present invention,
When a safe alternative refrigerant for ozone layer protection is used in a refrigeration / air-conditioning equipment, it is possible to prevent a decrease in reliability of the refrigeration / air-conditioning equipment due to water intrusion into the refrigeration cycle, which is a serious problem.

Further, there is an effect that it is possible to surely prevent and eliminate the invasion of water into the refrigeration cycle at the time of installation work or maintenance at the site.

Further, there is an effect that the moisture that has entered the cycle can be surely removed to a level that does not affect the reliability, and the reliability of the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment can be improved without lowering the workability and maintainability.

Further, there is an effect that the refrigerating machine oil can be surely retained in the compressor by using the refrigerating machine oil having neither hygroscopicity nor hydrolyzability which has a fatal influence on reliability even if water enters.

[0065]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a refrigerant pipe.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a refrigerating and air conditioning equipment showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view showing the structure of the accumulator.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Container, 2 ... Outdoor unit, 3 ... Indoor unit, 4 ... Refrigerant piping, 5
... Moisture meter, 6, 7 ... Three-way valve, 8 ... Branch section, 11 ... Air compressor, 12 ... Heater, 14 ... Vacuum pump, 15 ... Refrigerant pipe connection section of indoor unit, 16 ... Sealing cap, 17 ... Moisture meter , 18 ... Moisture indicator, 20 ... Compressor, 21 ... Refrigerator oil amount detecting device, 22 ... Oil separator, 23 ... Accumulator, 24 ... Expansion mechanism, 28 ... Container, 29 ... Flange.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Kenichi Kawashima 4026 Kuji Town, Hitachi City, Hitachi, Ibaraki Prefecture Hitachi Research Laboratory, Hiritsu Manufacturing Co., Ltd.

Claims (22)

[Claims] 1. An outdoor unit, an indoor unit, and a refrigerant pipe for connecting these units, and a water absorbent, an acid scavenger, a hydrolysis inhibitor, or all of this, via a three-way valve in the middle of the refrigerant pipe. A refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus characterized in that a container enclosing several combinations is detachably connected. 2. A refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus equipped with an outdoor unit, an indoor unit and a refrigerant pipe for connecting these units, a water absorbent, an acid scavenger, and a hydrolysis inhibitor via a three-way valve in the middle of the refrigerant pipe. A container containing all or a combination of some of these agents and a moisture meter are detachably connected, and a test run is performed until the water content in the refrigeration and air conditioning equipment falls below a set value based on the detection value of the moisture meter. Refrigerating and air conditioning equipment characterized by being performed. 3. An outdoor unit, an indoor unit, and a refrigerant pipe for connecting these units to each other. An air compressor is provided in the middle of the refrigerant pipe via a three-way valve, and a heater provided on the discharge side of the air compressor. -Refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment characterized by detachably connecting a vacuum pump and a vacuum pump. 4. An outdoor unit, an indoor unit, and a refrigerant pipe for connecting these units, a container for flowing a fluid having high water absorption and volatility through a three-way valve in the middle of the refrigerant pipe, and an air compressor. And a heater and a vacuum pump provided on the discharge side of the air compressor are detachably connected. 5. An outdoor unit, an indoor unit and a refrigerant pipe for connecting these units, wherein the outdoor unit is a compressor, an oil separator provided on the discharge side of the compressor, and a suction port of the compressor. A water absorber provided on the side, an acid scavenger, an accumulator enclosing all or a combination of some of these hydrolysis inhibitors, an oil reservoir of the oil separator and the suction side of the compressor. Refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment characterized by being contacted via a diaphragm. 6. The refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus according to claim 5, wherein all or a combination of a water absorbent, an acid scavenger, and a hydrolysis inhibitor is enclosed inside the chamber of the compressor. 7. The refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, wherein all or a combination of the enclosed water absorbent, acid scavenger and hydrolysis inhibitor is replaceable. . 8. A refrigerating and air conditioning equipment, wherein at least one of an electric resistance meter and an acid detecting device is installed in a refrigerating cycle of the refrigerating and air conditioning equipment. 9. When the resistance value of the electric resistance meter is judged to be below a specified value or the acid concentration detected by the acid detection device exceeds a specified value, this is displayed or an alarm is issued. The refrigerating and air conditioning equipment according to claim 8. 10. The resistance value of the electric resistance meter is not more than a specified value,
Alternatively, the refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus according to claim 8, which controls to stop the operation of the refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus when it is determined that the acid concentration detected by the acid detection device is equal to or higher than a specified value. 11. The operation of returning refrigerating machine oil from a refrigerating cycle constituent equipment pipe such as a heat exchanger and a liquid receiver in a refrigerating cycle to a compressor after a certain period of operation of the refrigerating and air conditioning equipment. Refrigeration and air conditioning equipment as described. 12. The compressor comprises a refrigerating machine oil amount detecting device, and it is judged that the refrigerating machine oil inside the compressor has become a prescribed value or less based on a signal detecting the refrigerating machine oil amount inside the compressor. The refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment according to claim 5 or 6, which performs an operation of returning the refrigerating machine oil from the respective equipments in the refrigeration cycle to the compressor when it is carried out. 13. A container enclosing a water absorbent, an acid scavenger, a hydrolysis inhibitor, or a combination of some of them, is connected to a refrigerant pipe of a refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment during installation or maintenance of the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment. Then, the refrigeration / air-conditioning equipment is subjected to a test operation to reduce the water content in the refrigeration / air-conditioning equipment by allowing a refrigerant to pass through the container, and the connected water container is removed after the test operation to control the water content. How to control the water content of equipment. 14. The refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus according to claim 13, wherein a moisture meter is installed in a refrigerating cycle of the refrigerating and air conditioning equipment, and a trial operation is carried out until the amount of water in the refrigerating cycle falls below a specified value. How to control the water content of equipment. 15. When installing or maintaining a refrigeration / air-conditioning equipment, an air compressor and a heating means provided on the discharge side of the air-compressor are connected to the refrigerant piping of the refrigeration / air-conditioning equipment to freeze the refrigerant piping or the like. After heating the inside of the cycle member by heating it, a vacuum pump is connected to the refrigerant pipe, and the inside of the refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus is evacuated to control the water content. Water management method. 16. A liquid having water absorption and volatility is flowed into a refrigerating cycle member such as a refrigerant pipe of the refrigerating and air conditioning device during installation or maintenance of the refrigerating and air conditioning device, and then the liquid is cooled with the liquid. A method for managing water content in a refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus, comprising: discharging water from the inside and vacuuming the inside of the refrigeration cycle member to perform water content management. 17. A refrigeration cycle member, such as a refrigerant pipe of a refrigeration and air conditioning device, is flowed with a liquid having water absorbency and volatility during installation or maintenance of the refrigeration and air conditioning device, and then the liquid is cooled by the refrigeration cycle member. A method for managing water content in a refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus, which comprises discharging the water from the inside, heating the inside of the refrigeration cycle member, and performing vacuuming to control the water content. 18. The vacuum pumping operation is performed by using a vacuum pump, wherein a moisture meter is attached to at least one of an intake side and an exhaust side of the vacuum pump, and the moisture in the refrigeration cycle is measured by the moisture meter. The water content management method for a refrigerating and air conditioning equipment according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the water content management is performed so that the amount becomes equal to or less than a specified value. 19. The refrigeration system, wherein the moisture meter and the control device for the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment are electrically connected to each other, and the moisture content in the refrigeration cycle does not fall below a specified value after a certain period of time during test operation. The water management method for a refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus according to any one of claims 13 to 18, wherein an interlock is provided so that the operation of the air-conditioning apparatus is not started. 20. The water management method for a refrigerating and air conditioning equipment according to claim 19, wherein the interlock releasing method is a key for inputting or releasing a personal identification number. 21. At the time of installation or maintenance of the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment, the refrigerant pipe of the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment having a cap that seals the opening and having at least one of a moisture detector and a moisture indicator is used. A water management method for a refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus, which comprises connecting the refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus to control the water content. 22. Prepare refrigerant pipes of several kinds of lengths in which a refrigerant is filled in advance, and at the time of installation or maintenance of the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment, dimensions of refrigerant connecting pipes for the indoor unit and outdoor unit of the refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment. In accordance with the above, the water content management method for refrigerating and air-conditioning equipment is characterized in that the water content is managed by connecting the refrigerant pipes.