JPH06129259A - Multi-cylinder type cycle switching engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable reliable switching to be achieved between two cycle and four cycle operations by means of a small-sized device by turning respective ring valves arranged on the peripheral parts of respective cylinders according to the driving state of the engine, for opening and closing the inlet port of respective cylinders. CONSTITUTION:An engine 1 is operated in two-cycle, for example, in the low- speed high-load state of the engine 1. An exhaust valve 6 is opened and closed in every one rotation while intake and exhaust valve driving device 51, 61 are respectively controlled by a controller 8 to hold the intake valve 5 in its closed state. At the same time, an electromagnetic actuator 4 is controlled, thereby a ring valve 3 is driven through respective gears 32, 41 so as arrange window portions 31 to coinside with inlet ports 12 of respective cylinders. And the intake-air in an intake passage 13 is introduced into a combustion chamber from each inlet port 12. On the other hand, exhaust gas in a combustion chamber 21 is discharged to the turbine 72 of a turbocharger 7 from an exhaust line 15 through the exhaust valve 6.

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a multi-cylinder type cycle switching engine capable of switching between 2-cycle operation and 4-cycle operation in accordance with the engine speed and load conversion.

 (Prior Art) A conventional piston reciprocating engine is a two-cycle engine that performs one stroke of the piston, that is, one stroke of the crankshaft for intake, compression, explosion, and exhaust, and two strokes of the piston, that is, the crankshaft. It is roughly divided into a four-cycle engine that performs the above four strokes in two rotations.

 In a two-cycle engine, an intake port (intake port) is placed below the cylinder sleeve, and air sent under pressure when the piston descends causes intake and exhaust to run in parallel at the same time and explodes at every crankshaft revolution. As a result, the rotational fluctuation of the output shaft is small and high torque can be generated.

 On the other hand, in a 4-cycle engine, intake and exhaust are performed in independent strokes, so gas exchange is sufficient, so the fuel consumption rate is particularly low when the engine speed is high compared to a 2-cycle engine. There is an advantage.

 By the way, when one engine is freely changed to two-cycle operation or four-cycle operation to operate in accordance with each characteristic, it has the intake port used during the two-cycle operation as described above, and therefore four cycles are required. During operation, the inside and outside of the cylinder communicate with each other when the piston descends, which causes a problem in the operation of the engine.

 Therefore, the applicant of the present application provides a sleeve valve on the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder sleeve for opening and closing the intake port, and drives the sleeve valve by an electromagnetic solenoid through a mechanism such as a link to open and close the intake port as needed. A variable cycle engine has already been applied for as Japanese Patent Application No. 1-112507.

 (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, the above-mentioned conventional one is described for a single-cylinder engine, and when the conventional device is applied to a multi-cylinder engine, a sleeve valve is driven for each cylinder. Since a device must be installed, the engine becomes larger, and problems such as complicated control and lower reliability occur.

 The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object thereof is to perform a switching operation in each cylinder with a small size when switching between 2-cycle operation and 4-cycle operation according to changes in the engine speed and load. An object is to provide a multi-cylinder type cycle switching engine which is operated by a highly reliable device.

 (Means for Solving the Problems) According to the present invention, it is possible to freely select between two-cycle operation and four-cycle operation according to the operating state of the engine, and the intake provided at the bottom of each cylinder during the two-cycle operation. In a multi-cylinder type cycle switching engine that intakes air from the mouth, a cylindrical ring valve that is rotatably provided around the outer periphery of each cylinder to open and close the inlet, and the outer circumference of the ring valve. A multi-cylinder type cycle characterized in that it has a connecting means which is provided at a portion for interlocking the ring valves with each other, and a ring valve rotating means for rotating at least one of the ring valves at the time of cycle switching. A switching engine can be provided.

 (Operation) In the multi-cylinder cycle switching engine of the present invention, the ring valves provided on the cylinder outer peripheral portion of each cylinder are connected to each other by the gear provided on the outer peripheral portion of the ring valve, and the ring valve By rotating one, the remaining ring gears are interlocked to open and close the inlet of each cylinder.

 (Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

 FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of an engine according to the present invention. Further, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II.

The engine according to the present invention is a multi-cylinder engine having a plurality of cylinders, and FIGS. 1 and 2 both show a part of the engine.

 Reference numeral 1 denotes an engine body, and a cylinder sleeve 11 is fitted inside the engine body 1. At the lower part of the cylinder sleeve 11, an intake port 12 is introduced which introduces intake air into the combustion chamber when the engine operates for two cycles. An intake passage 13 that guides intake air to the intake port 12 is provided at a position corresponding to the intake port 12 of the engine body 1. The engine body 1 is further provided with an intake pipe line 14 that guides intake air into the combustion chamber 21 and an exhaust pipe line 15 that guides exhaust gas from the combustion chamber 21 to the outside in the cylinder head portion.

 Reference numeral 2 is a piston that reciprocates inside the cylinder sleeve 11. FIG. 1 shows a state in which the piston 2 is in a position near the bottom dead center, and the suction port 12 is exposed and opens toward the combustion chamber 21 side. Then, when the piston 2 moves to the top dead center position, the suction port 12 is closed by the side surface of the piston 2.

 Reference numeral 3 denotes a cylindrical ring valve that is rotatably held on the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder sleeve 11. A window portion 31 is formed in the cylindrical portion of the ring valve at the same pitch as the suction port 12. Has been done.

 Further, a gear 32 is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the ring valve 3, and the ring valves 3 provided in adjacent cylinders are connected to each other by the gear 32.

 Reference numeral 4 is an electromagnetic actuator capable of arbitrarily controlling the rotation direction and the rotation angle by a signal from the outside. A fluid pressure actuator may be used instead of the electromagnetic actuator 4. A drive gear 41 is connected to the rotary shaft of the electromagnetic actuator 4, and the drive gear 41 meshes with a gear 32 provided in one of the ring valves 3.

 Reference numeral 5 denotes an intake valve disposed between the intake pipe line 14 and the combustion chamber 21. The intake valve 5 is an intake valve drive device for freely opening and closing the intake valve 5 in response to a signal from the outside. It is connected to 51.

 Reference numeral 6 denotes an exhaust valve disposed between the exhaust pipe line 15 and the combustion chamber 21, and the exhaust valve 6 freely drives the exhaust valve 6 to open and close by a signal from the outside. It is connected to 61.

 Both the intake valve drive device 51 and the exhaust valve drive device 61 drive each valve by attracting or repelling a magnetic body connected to the intake valve 5 and the exhaust valve 6 with a fixed electromagnet. For example, it has the same structure as that described in Japanese Patent Application No. 63-334960.

 A turbocharger 7 is a turbine 72 driven by the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe 15, and the rotational force of the turbine 72 compresses intake air to supply it to the intake passage 13 and the intake pipe 14. It has a compressor 71 and a rotary electric machine 73 arranged on a rotary shaft connecting the compressor 71 and the turbine 72. The rotary electric machine 73 is connected to an inverter / converter 74, and operates as an electric motor or a generator according to a signal from the outside.

 A controller 8 is connected to the electromagnetic actuator 4, the intake valve driving device 51, the exhaust valve driving device 61, and the inverter / converter 74, and outputs control signals to these.

 The controller 8 is composed of a microcomputer, and is provided with a central control unit for performing arithmetic processing, various memories for storing arithmetic processing procedures and control procedures, input / output ports and the like.

 Next, the operation of the engine having the above configuration will be described.

 When the engine speed is below a predetermined speed and the load on the engine is above a predetermined value, that is, when the engine is operating at a low speed and a high load, the controller 8 operates the engine for two cycles. The operation of the device 51 is stopped to hold the intake valve 5 in the closed state, and the exhaust valve drive device 61 is controlled to open and close the exhaust valve every rotation.

 Further, the controller 8 actuates the electromagnetic actuator 4 so that the suction port 12 and the window 31 of each cylinder are aligned with each other. Then, since the intake port 12 is opened, the compressed intake air inside the intake passage 13 is guided from the intake port 12 to the combustion chamber 21.

 In particular, the exhaust gas inside the combustion chamber 21 is scavenged from the exhaust pipe 15 to the turbine 72 through the exhaust valve 6 provided in the cylinder head portion. Therefore, this engine operates as a uniflow two-cycle engine.

 Next, when the operating condition of the engine is low speed, low load or high speed, the electromagnetic actuator 4 is operated by the control signal from the controller 8 to close the intake port 12, and the intake valve drive device 51 and the exhaust valve drive device are operated. 6 1 and 6 are activated at the timing of 4 cycle operation.

 The rotary electric machine 73 operates as an electric motor to activate the supercharging operation when a high output is required for the engine, such as during rapid acceleration, and as a generator when operating at high speed. It operates and converts the heat energy of the exhaust gas into electrical energy and recovers it.

 Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the present invention has been described in the above claims because various different embodiments can be easily constructed without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Other than by limitation, it is not constrained to a particular embodiment.

 (Effect of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, the ring valves provided on the cylinder outer peripheral portion of each cylinder are connected to each other by the gear provided on the outer peripheral portion of the ring valve, By rotating one of the two, the remaining ring gears are interlocked and the intake port of each cylinder is opened and closed. Therefore, when switching between 2-cycle operation or 4-cycle operation depending on the engine speed and load changes. Thus, it is possible to provide a multi-cylinder type cycle switching engine in which a switching operation in each cylinder is performed by a small and highly reliable device.

[Brief description of drawings]

 FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an engine according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Engine main body, 2 ... Piston, 3 ... Ring valve, 4 ... Electromagnetic actuator, 5 ... Intake valve, 6 ... Exhaust valve, 7 ... Turbocharger, 8 ... Controller, 12 ... Intake port, 31 ... Window part, 32 … Gear, 41… Drive gear.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A multi-cylinder type cycle in which two-cycle operation and four-cycle operation can be freely selected according to the operating state of the engine, and when the two-cycle operation is performed, intake is performed from an intake port provided at the bottom of each cylinder. In the switching engine, a cylindrical ring valve that is rotatably provided around the outer peripheral portion of each cylinder to open and close the suction port, and a ring valve provided on the outer peripheral portion of the ring valve. A multi-cylinder type cycle switching engine, comprising: a coupling means for interlocking with each other; and a ring valve rotating means for rotating at least one of the ring valves at the time of cycle switching. 2. The multi-cylinder cycle switching engine according to claim 1, wherein the connecting means is a gear provided on an outer peripheral portion of the ring valve. 3. The multi-cylinder cycle switching engine according to claim 2, wherein the rotating means comprises a drive gear that meshes with the gear, and an actuator that rotates the drive gear.