JPH06127981A - Composite laminated layer glass and window formed by using this glass - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To assure a comfortable space by using the composite laminated glass formed by providing a gas layer on one side of laminated plates having an aq. soln. layer consisting of a dissolved or swollen water-soluble compd. having a cloudy weather phenomenon and laminating and disposing transparent bodies thereon. CONSTITUTION:The composite laminated glass is formed by providing the aq. soln. layer 4 packed with the aq. soln. of an ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer, etc., of 0.01 to 1mm thickness exhibiting the cloudy weather phenomenon at 10 to 60 deg.C and the gas layer 5 hermetically sealed with dry air of 1 to 20mm thickness by a seal 6 of polysulfide, etc., between the transparent bodies 1 to 3 consisting of glass or plastic. This gas layer 5 is formed as double gas layers. The passage of a cooling and heating medium in the gas layer on the aq. soln. layer 4 side and the formation of the outer gas layer as a heat insulating layer are preferable for assurance of the comfortable space. Such composite laminated glass is fixed to a window frame via a foam, etc., and the temp. of the aq. soln. layer 4 is controlled to cloud this layer, by which the radiation heat of the sun shines, etc., is shut off and the comfortable space is assured.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an excellent composite double glazing which can secure a comfortable space for controlling the penetration of sunlight and can control the transparency and protect privacy, and a window using the same. In addition, the use of solar heat or waste heat enables a more comfortable space (for example, a car, a building, a greenhouse, etc.) in terms of energy saving.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, curtains, blinds and the like have been widely used for controlling sun rays and protecting privacy. These are reversibly controlled by a mechanical method.

In recent years, a method of physicochemically reversibly controlling light rays in a composite glass incorporating a functional material has been proposed instead of a mechanical method. For example, there are thermochromic glass, photochromic glass, electrochromic glass, liquid crystal glass plate controlled by an electric field, and the like. Photochromic glass has poor reversibility due to thermal action and weak light-shielding power. Electrochemical glass is weak against ultraviolet rays and weakly light-shielding power, and it is difficult to make a large-area plate of 1 square meter or more evenly. It is said that.
Since a scattering type liquid crystal glass plate that does not use a polarizing plate utilizes the difference in refractive index between the liquid crystal and the matrix, it becomes essentially thin and foggy in the transparent state, which is particularly unsuitable for oblique light. Not suitable for glass. The liquid crystal glass plate using the polarizing plate becomes very dark because of the polarizing plate, and there is also a problem in the weather resistance of the polarizing plate. Furthermore, the toxicity of liquid crystal compounds is also problematic for widespread use in consumer applications.

Therefore, the present inventors have paid attention to thermochromic glass in order to construct a comfortable space for this purpose. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention provides a laminate having an aqueous solution layer in which a water-soluble compound having a cloud point phenomenon is dissolved or swollen, which is a thermochromic material, which shows a completely transparent state reversibly at room temperature and becomes opaque by becoming cloudy at high temperature. Is an advanced version of.

As a window material, only a laminated plate having this aqueous solution layer is used to cool the room in the summer, for example.
Although it is possible to shield the direct sunlight by heating it in order to avoid direct sunlight and turning it into an opaque state by making it cloudy, the window surface temperature becomes high and the room temperature at the window edge becomes high. The efficiency of thermal energy, including the use of solar heat and waste heat, is an important item from the viewpoint of energy saving.

For this reason, the present inventors have provided a gas layer (heat insulating layer) on at least one side of a laminated plate having an aqueous solution layer in which a water-soluble compound having the cloud point phenomenon is dissolved or swollen, and laminate a transparent body. Proposed composite double glazing arranged.
Based on this composite double glazing, we can obtain a window that can protect privacy by controlling the penetration of sunlight and ensuring a comfortable space and controlling the visibility. More specifically, the transparent, semi-transparent, and opaque states can be freely changed to an appropriate degree of transparency, and a comfortable window can be provided with energy saving by using a window without heat.

[0007]

The problem to be solved is to stabilize the thermal characteristics of a laminate having an aqueous solution layer exhibiting a cloud point phenomenon, and to use heat energy such as solar heat and waste heat. It is to secure a comfortable space in consideration of efficiency.

[0008]

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and in a laminate having an aqueous solution layer in which a water-soluble compound having a cloud point phenomenon is dissolved or swollen, A laminated plate having a composite multi-layer glass characterized in that a gas layer is provided on at least one side of the laminated plate and transparent bodies are laminated and arranged, and an aqueous solution layer in which a water-soluble compound having a cloud point phenomenon is dissolved or swollen. In a window using, a window characterized by using a composite multi-layer glass in which a transparent body is laminated and arranged by providing a gas layer on at least one side of the laminated plate, and further, the space of the gas layer is cooled by heat. A window is provided which is characterized by flowing media.

The present invention is particularly effective in the summer when, for example, when used for a rear window of a car, a sunroof, a window of a building, etc., the effect of installing this gas layer on the indoor side is that the cooling of the inside is shut off and the aqueous layer becomes cloudy by heating. It effectively keeps the temperature of. In particular, when the aqueous solution layer of the window is heated by the solar energy and becomes turbid, the solar radiation heat can be significantly reduced and the cooling load can be reduced. Further, in winter, the outdoor temperature is low, so that it does not become cloudy and can sufficiently absorb solar radiation heat.

This means that even if the place where the sunlight hits changes with time, it can follow up, and a window that has not existed in the past that self-transforms in response to changes in the environment is obtained. Needless to say, the application of the heat ray absorbing layer and the heat ray absorbing glass can be used to amplify this effect. Further, the gas layer is a heat insulating layer and is also effective for separating the aqueous solution layer from the indoor environment and thermally stabilizing it, and as a result, the thermal change of the external environment can be faithfully reproduced.

Further, the present inventors propose a method of passing a cooling / heating medium through this gas layer as a method of effectively controlling the degree of clouding of the window made of the composite double glazing. For example, there is a demand to block solar radiant heat from the rear window of an automobile not only in summer. Therefore, the composite double glazing is placed on the rear window, and waste heat of the engine (medium may be gas or liquid) is passed through this gas layer to heat the aqueous solution layer to make the rear window opaque to block solar radiation heat. This not only prevents the passengers from being directly exposed to the sun's rays due to the cutoff of solar radiation heat, but also improves the cooling efficiency inside the vehicle and saves energy. Naturally, the waste heat of the engine is used for heating, and the design is energy-saving. Further, if necessary, it can be quickly returned to a transparent state by a refrigerant (a gas or a liquid having a temperature lower than the cloudy state). The degree of the white turbidity can be freely changed, and the degree of blocking the sunlight can be controlled arbitrarily. This can be done by storing and utilizing solar heat in the building as well. Further, as a matter of course, a heat element that generates heat by electricity may be provided. The heating element and the cooling medium may be provided together and used separately, or only one may be provided.

As described above, by using this composite double glazing for a window, it is possible to obtain a window which has never been seen before.
Examples of the windows include windows of ordinary buildings, vehicles such as automobiles and railway cars, and windows of transport planes such as aircraft and elevators. Of course, this window has a broad meaning, and includes a door with a window, a partition, etc., as well as a transparent glass door, a screen, and a wall.

As shown in FIG. 1, the composite double glazing of the present invention has a transparent body 1-3, an aqueous solution layer 4, a gas layer 5 and a seal 6. In FIG. 2, the transparent heat generating layer 7 is provided in FIG. Although not particularly shown, the gas layer 5 may be provided with a desiccant as in the case of the conventional double glazing, if necessary.

As the transparent bodies 1 to 3, there are transparent bodies such as glass and plastic, which are laminated together,
It may be strengthened, heat-absorbed, or heat-reflected. Furthermore, a transparent heat generating layer 7 (for example, a tin oxide film, an ITO film, a tungsten thin wire, etc.) that generates heat by electricity may be provided on either surface of the transparent body 1 or 2 to be electrically clouded. Further, when the transparent heat generating layer 7 is provided in contact with the aqueous solution layer 4,
When a silicon oxide film is applied to the surface of the tin oxide film or the ITO film, it becomes a protective film for these thermal elements. The transparent heat generating layer 7 can easily turn the glass into a cloudy and opaque state simply by energizing it, and can be used as an alternative to a curtain for privacy protection. Examples of the aqueous solution layer 4 include an aqueous solution of ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer, an aqueous solution of hydrogenated castor oil to which 60 of ethylene oxide is added, an aqueous solution of hydroxypropyl cellulose, and the like. The temperature at which this cloudiness starts is
It is possible to shift to the low temperature side by adding salt. This cloudiness start temperature is about 10 to about 60 ° C. depending on the composition design.
It can be set within the range. The thickness of the aqueous solution layer 4 is not limited, but is not particularly required to be 0.01 mm.
It may be selected in the range of about 1 mm. Since the subject matter of the present invention is the composite multilayer body, the detailed description of the material system is omitted. The thickness of the gas layer 5 is not particularly limited, but is 1 mm.
The range of about 20 mm is preferable. The gas layer 5 is a heat insulating layer and basically has a gap, but it is more preferable to take dry air (condensation prevention) and a vacuum state (high heat insulation). Further, the gas layer 5 can be expected to have the function of the conventional double glazing. For the sealing 6, polyceride, polyurethane, butyl, epoxy, silicone, inorganic solder Cerasolzer (trade name of Asahi Glass) that also adheres to glass, etc. can be used, and it is stable if a frame fixed to a spacer or window is used. This is a perfect seal 6. Further, when fixing to a sash such as aluminum, it is preferable to fix and seal to the window frame via a heat insulating body such as foam in order to prevent thermal stress destruction.

Next, as a method of utilizing the gas layer 5 more positively than the effect of the heat insulation layer, a cooling medium is passed through the gas layer 5 to control the temperature of the aqueous solution layer 4 so that the aqueous layer 4 becomes cloudy to block the radiant heat of the sun's rays. be able to. This cooling medium is
It may be either a gas or a liquid, and may be circulated or disposable. In addition, in the case of a liquid medium, it is advisable to flow the liquid medium from the lower part to the upper part for uniform heating, and if the liquid is stopped halfway, only the part up to that point can be clouded. The supply of the amount of heat can be adjusted by controlling the flow rate with the maximum temperature as the upper limit. It is preferable to keep the maximum temperature of the heat medium at the lowest temperature within the range satisfying the purpose. The reason for this is to reduce heat generation from the heat medium into the room and to prevent layer separation in a cloudy state to maintain the shielding uniformity and reversible characteristics. The maximum temperature is 30 ° C. or lower, preferably 20 ° C. or lower, from the cloudiness start temperature. Moreover, since saturated white turbidity can be obtained at 20 ° C. or lower, there is no problem in use.

Further, it is more preferable to make the gas layer 5 a double gas layer and pass the cooling and heating medium through the gas layer on the side of the aqueous solution layer and make the outer gas layer a heat insulating layer in order to secure a comfortable space.

The method of bringing this cooling medium to the gas layer 5 is as follows.
The present invention is not particularly limited and can widely use conventional techniques. Further, from the viewpoint of energy saving, for example, in an automobile, an energy saving system is achieved by utilizing circulation of air or water heated by using engine waste heat. In the building, an energy-saving system will be created by circulating hot water from a solar water heater that uses solar heat.

The degree of cloudiness can be freely selected by combining a temperature sensor and a control system. In particular, if programmed by a microcomputer, it is possible to obtain an appropriate shielding state with one touch. Since these electronic and mechanical systems are not the main constituents of the present invention, description thereof will be omitted.

[0019]

As described above, according to the present invention, when it is used for a rear window of a car, a sunroof, a window of a building or the like, especially in summer, the cooling of the inside is shut off by the effect of installing this gas layer on the indoor side. This serves to efficiently maintain the temperature of the aqueous solution layer which is heated and becomes cloudy. In particular, when the aqueous solution layer of the window is heated by the solar energy and becomes turbid, the solar radiation heat can be significantly reduced and the cooling load can be reduced. Further, in winter, the outdoor temperature is low, so that it does not become cloudy and can sufficiently absorb solar radiation heat. Further, by passing a cooling / heating medium through this gas layer, the degree of clouding can be arbitrarily controlled, and a window unit which cannot be obtained with a conventional curtain is made possible. Furthermore, it is possible to propose a blue-sky car with all glass from the rear window to the roof of the car and a blue-sky house with all roofs made of glass, which have livability and energy characteristics.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the basics of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing addition of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Transparent Body 2 Transparent Body 3 Transparent Body 4 Aqueous Solution Layer 5 Gas Layer 6 Sealing 7 Transparent Heating Layer

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A laminate having an aqueous solution layer in which a water-soluble compound having a cloud point phenomenon is dissolved or swollen, wherein a gas layer is provided on at least one side of the laminate, and transparent bodies are laminated and arranged. Composite double glazing. 2. In a window using a laminate having an aqueous solution layer in which a water-soluble compound having a cloud point phenomenon is dissolved or swollen, a composite body in which a transparent body is laminated and arranged by providing a gas layer on at least one side of the laminate. A window characterized by using double glazing. 3. The window according to claim 2, wherein a cooling / heating medium is flown in the space of the gas layer.