JPH06126566A - Slide guide structure of machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To facilitate the incorporation and working of a dovetaile-shaped guide structure by making the maximum width of the male side of the dovetail structure having a dovetail angle smaller than the minimum width of the female side. CONSTITUTION:A gib 4 consists of a pair of members tapered longitudinally to be inserted into a gap between inclined slide surfaces from both longitudinal ends of dovetail and dovetail groove to close the gap, so that the surface of a table side making contact with the dovetail slide surface forms as a whole a plane. The maximum width (a) of the male side of the dovetail groove is made smaller than the minimum width (b) of the female side of the dovetail groove. Thus, while a dovetail-shaped slide guide structure is employed, the dovetail of the table 2 side can be incorporated in the dovetail groove of a saddle from the vertical direction. Accordingly in scraping the respective slide surfaces 3 and fitting a slide surface 3, the incorporation and disassembly of members are facilitated and thereby the working of these surfaces is facilitated. Particularly, the effect is remarkable when the table 2 is large and heavy.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sliding guide structure composed of a dovetail groove guide interposed between a bed and a saddle, a saddle and a table, etc. in a machine tool.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a sliding guide structure of this type in a machine tool, a sliding surface having a dovetail, a so-called dovetail guide type, or a square guide type is often adopted. (1) Generally, the slide guide structure of the dovetail groove type guide is provided with a pair of inclined slide surfaces having an inclined surface of 40 ° to 50 ° with respect to the horizontal slide surface and a horizontal slide surface, and the number of parts is compared. Compact and compact. It requires less sliding surface during assembly work. While there are advantages such as

In the case of finishing and assembling, due to the structure, the dovetail (male side, table side) must be attached to the dovetail groove (female side, saddle side) side from the longitudinal axis direction of the dovetail groove (gib's Since the shape is conventionally known), the work is troublesome and difficult (especially when the table is heavy).

Due to the procedure of the assembly work, the table (ant)
It is necessary to assemble a ball (feed) screw structure on the lower side in advance, but in the case of the above table assembling work, the ball screw structure interferes and the reinforcing member is attached to the bottom of the dovetail groove on the saddle side. Therefore, the rigidity of the saddle may be reduced, and the table may tend to float in heavy cutting. At this time, it is not possible to assemble the ball (feed) screw structure in advance on the dovetail groove side of the saddle, because it hinders the above-described work of assembling the table. It is known that there are disadvantages such as.

(2) On the other hand, in the rectangular guide type sliding guide structure, since the member can be assembled from the direction perpendicular to the sliding guide surface, the ball screw structure is previously attached to the saddle side. However, both of them can be incorporated. Therefore, the corresponding sliding surfaces can be connected by providing a reinforcing wall in the rectangular groove portion on the saddle side, and the rigidity of the sliding guide structure can be increased. Since the members can be assembled from the direction perpendicular to the sliding surface, the sliding work of the sliding surface is easy. As described above, the sliding guide can be easily incorporated. While there are advantages such as

The number of parts increases. Along with this, an additional sliding surface is required as compared with the dovetail groove type guide structure. It is difficult to make it compact, and cost reduction is difficult. There are disadvantages such as.

[0007]

In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the present invention does not lose the advantages of the dovetail-shaped guide structure originally provided with a small number of parts, is easy to machine, and is compact, and has a rectangular guide structure. It is an object of the present invention to provide a sliding guide structure for a machine tool having the characteristics of improving the ease of assembling work and the saddle rigidity, stabilizing the operation of the machine tool, and improving the machining accuracy.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention has the respective constituent features as described below. (1) In a sliding guide structure of a machine tool including a dovetail groove guide for adjusting a clearance by a gib, a machine tool having a maximum width a on a male side of a dovetail groove structure having an dovetail angle θ smaller than a minimum width b on a female side. Sliding guide structure.

(2) The sliding guide structure for a machine tool according to the above item 1, wherein the dovetail groove angle θ is 45 ° to 75 °.

[0010]

The male maximum width a of the dovetail groove structure is made smaller than the female minimum width b to allow the dovetail groove (female side, saddle side) to be dovetailed from above with the gib removed from the guide sliding surface. (Male side,
The table side) can be installed and removed. In short, it is possible to disassemble (separate) the sliding guide structures in the direction perpendicular to the horizontal sliding surface of the dovetail groove-shaped guide. If chamfering is applied to both edges of the bottom width of the ant, setting the above-mentioned conditions
It will be relatively easy.

Thus, the sliding guide structure can be slid and incorporated in the same manner as the rectangular guide. That is, the ball screw mechanism for table feed is
Since the structure that can be assembled to the dovetail groove (saddle side) side before the sliding guide is installed, the space between the pair of inclined sliding surfaces that forms the dovetail groove on both ends in the dowel groove longitudinal direction It is possible to increase the rigidity of the dovetail groove (saddle side) by providing a reinforcing wall for connecting the.

The guide structure can be made compact without increasing the number of parts. The nut member of the ball screw structure and the lower surface of the dovetail (table side) are combined with the dovetail on the table side in the dovetail groove on the saddle side, and after the slide guide structure between the two including the gib is installed, dovetail groove guide Work from the longitudinal end face side.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The specific structure of each member constituting the present embodiment is within the technical level widely known in the art at the time of the present application. In view of the fact that those skilled in the art include those that can be arbitrarily modified, the gist of the present invention should be construed in a limited manner based on only the structure applied to the present embodiment without disclosing special reasons. must not.

FIG. 1 is a plan sectional view of a table and a saddle, which are mutually assembled by a slide guide structure of dovetails and dovetails, taken along a horizontal plane that crosses the slide guide surface portion. 2 is a front sectional view taken along the line AA shown in FIG. 1, and a plane sectional view taken along the line BB shown in FIG.
Is. FIG. 3 is a side sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a saddle, an upper side surface of which is provided with a horizontal sliding surface 3 which constitutes a sliding guide structure, and a dovetail groove with a gib 4 which is cut downward from the horizontal sliding surface 3.

In FIG. 2, the give 4 has a dovetail groove angle θ.
The cross section between 45 ° and 75 ° is a parallelogram, both sides of which are scraped, and the width c of one side in contact with the horizontal sliding surface 3 on the table 2 side is that of the dovetail groove guide. Bottom width The thickness of the gib in contact with the horizontal sliding surface, which is generally about 20 to 30 mm. If the gib is extremely thick, it lacks stability as a guide due to its structure, function, and effect.

As shown in FIG. 1, the gib 4 is composed of a pair of members that are inclined in the longitudinal direction.
Inserted from both ends in the longitudinal direction of the dovetail groove so as to close the gap between the inclined sliding surfaces, and the surface contacting the dovetail sliding surface on the table side forms a single plane as a whole. In the figure,
a is the maximum width of the dovetail, b is the minimum width of the dovetail groove, and H is a <b, where H is the depth of the dovetail groove. And, as for H, the thing of 40-50 mm is usually given. The dovetail groove angle θ between the inclined sliding surface and the horizontal sliding surface forming the dovetail groove in this embodiment is 45 ° to 75 °.

That is, the depth H of the dovetail groove does not significantly deviate from the conventional one, and the gib thickness c (thickness conventionally used) is such that the effect of the gib is not unstable. S) is adopted, by setting the dovetail groove angle θ to 45 ° to 75 °, the sliding guide structural member can be removed by incorporating it in the direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane with the gib removed. Therefore, the object of the present invention can be achieved.

As a result, it becomes possible to incorporate the dovetail on the table side from the vertical direction with respect to the dovetail groove of the saddle while adopting the dovetail groove type sliding guide structure.
When scraping each sliding surface and sliding the sliding surface,
The members can be easily assembled and disassembled, and the above-described work can be facilitated accordingly. In particular, the effect is remarkable when the table is large and heavy.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a ball screw, both ends of which are axially supported by support bearings 6 attached to reinforcing walls 8 provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the dovetail groove on the side of the saddle 1, and one end of which is fed through a joint 11. It is connected to the output shaft of the motor 12. Reference numeral 7 is a bearing case attached to the reinforcing wall 8 and reference numeral 13 is a bearing retainer. The ball screw 5 is screwed with a nut 9 in the middle thereof, and the nut 9 is connected via a flange 10 to a nut bracket 14 attached to the table-side dovetail bottom surface.

Therefore, the table 2 which has completed the sliding process is assembled in advance to the ball screw mechanism (including the nut 9) assembled on the side of the saddle 1, and each of the dovetail grooves is provided with a gap in the sliding guide portion. 4 is mounted and adjusted so that there is no backlash between both sliding surfaces, then the nut 9 screwed to the ball screw 5 is moved to one end of the saddle 1 and operated from the outside of the saddle. And the nut flange 10 attached to the bottom side of the saddle 2
Screw it to the side of 14.

Thus, when the table 2 is moved on the saddle 1, the feed motor 12 is driven to rotate the ball screw 5 via the joint 11 so that the nut 9 of the ball screw 5 is moved in the longitudinal direction of the ball screw 5. Accordingly, the table 2 connected to the nut 9 via the nut bracket 14 can be slid along the dovetail guide. At that time, the support bearing 6 bears all the reaction force acting on the ball screw 5 in the longitudinal axis direction.

This relationship is the same regardless of whether the feed motor 12 rotates in the forward direction or the reverse direction, and only the moving direction of the table 2 is different. As described above, since it is possible to assemble as described above, in the sliding guide structure of this embodiment, the reinforcing walls 8 that connect the inclined sliding surfaces to each other can be provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the dovetail groove. The rigidity of the sliding guide structure (saddle) can be significantly increased. Therefore, the movement of the machine can be stabilized against the external force due to heavy cutting,
It is possible to improve the accuracy of the guide structure.

Although all of the above-mentioned embodiments have been described by taking the sliding guide structure between the saddle and the table as an example, the relationship between the two is, for example, between the bed and the saddle, between the column and the knee. It is also applied to a sliding guide structure formed between the gaps. For the details of the operation and effect of the present embodiment, refer to the description in the section (Operation) above.

[0024]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION Since the present invention has the structure as described above, the dovetail groove type guide structure has a small number of parts or scraping surface as it originally has, and can be formed compactly. Since the guide structure member can be assembled from the upper side with the gib removed, the dovetail groove type guide structure can be easily assembled and processed. Since the guide structure member can be incorporated from the upper side, it becomes possible to provide the reinforcing walls at both ends in the dovetail groove longitudinal direction, so that the rigidity of the entire guide structure (saddle) can be improved.

Therefore, the precision of the guide structure is improved and the movement of the machine is stabilized even during heavy cutting. As a result, as compared with the conventionally known sliding guide structure of a machine tool, a special action and effect can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a sliding guide structure of the present invention cut along a horizontal sliding surface thereof. FIG. 3 is a plan sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG.

FIG. 2 is a front sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view taken along the line C-C shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Saddle 2 Table 3 Horizontal sliding surface 4 Gibb 5 Ball screw 6 Support bearing 7 Bearing case 8 Reinforcing wall 9 Nut 10 Nut flange 11 Joint 12 Feed motor 13 Bearing retainer 14 Nut bracket a Maximum width of ant b Minimum width of ant θ Dovetail groove angle.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. In a sliding guide structure for a machine tool comprising a dovetail groove guide for adjusting a clearance by a gib, a maximum width a on the male side of a dovetail groove structure having a dovetail angle θ is smaller than a minimum width b on the female side. Sliding guide structure for machine tools. 2. The sliding guide structure for a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the dovetail groove angle θ is 45 ° to 75 °.