JPH06124090A - Melody analyzing device and chord assigning device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the melody analyzing device which can analyzes the style of a melody and the chord assigning device which utilizes the style analytic result. CONSTITUTION:The given melody 2 is divided by melody division into plural passages. A matching part 8 inspects the respective parts of the melody as to a specified composer's style 4 by using a phrase data base 10 classified by composer's styles. A melody part matching the phrase of the specific composer's style 4 in the data base 10 is labeled as a style matching passage. A chord progression assigned to the labeled passage is retrieved in a chord progression data base 20 for the style.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a music apparatus, and more particularly to a melody analyzing apparatus for analyzing a given melody, and a chord adding apparatus for adding chords to a melody by utilizing a melody analysis result.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There are already known automatic accompaniment devices that add chords to a given melody and form an accompaniment based on a chord addition result and a preset accompaniment style.

[0003]

Unfortunately, the prior art lacks the ability to analyze the style of a melody, and the specified music style information is used to select the accompaniment pattern of that style from the accompaniment data memory. Nothing more. As a result, the accompaniment feels monotonous. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a melody analysis device capable of analyzing a melody style. Furthermore,
An object of the present invention is to provide a chord adding device that utilizes the analysis result of such a melody analyzing device to add chords by providing a style relation between the melody and the chord progression.

[0004]

According to the present invention, there is provided a melody giving means for giving a melody, a style specifying means for specifying a music style, and a style-specific phrase database means for storing a phrase database for each music style. A melody analysis device is provided which comprises, from the melody, a matching phrase detecting means for detecting a phrase matching a phrase contained in a phrase database of a specified music style. With this configuration, the melody can be analyzed for a desired music style. In particular, it is possible to extract, from the melody, the melody part that matches the desired music style as the style-adaptive passage. Such a configuration facilitates the arrangement with a desired style of flavor in the application of automatically arranging a given melody.

Further, according to the present invention, a melody giving means for giving a melody, a style specifying means for specifying a music style, a style-specific phrase database means for storing a phrase database for each music style, and a chord progression database for each music style are provided. Chord progression database means for storing, adapted phrase detection means for detecting, from the melody, a phrase that matches a phrase included in a phrase database of a specified music style, and a chord progression of the musical style specified for the chord progression. There is provided a chord-equipped device having a chord progression search means for searching a chord progression database. According to this configuration, chord progressions belonging to the desired music style can be assigned to the passages that match the desired music style. Therefore, it is possible to achieve style uniformity between the passage and the chord progression.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a chord adding device incorporating the melody analyzing device according to the present invention. 2 represents the given melody. The melody dividing unit 6 divides the given melody 2 into a plurality of divided melody (syllables). According to the present invention, the melody dividing unit 6 includes a matching unit 8 (adaptive phrase detecting means). The matching unit 8 is a composer style 4 which is a music style desired by the user.
A melody part (a phrase) that matches with is detected from the melody 2, and the phrase is labeled as a phrase matching.

For this purpose, a phrase database 10 for each composer style is prepared. The database 10 stores a database of phrases by composer style. The matching unit 8 performs matching between each part of the melody 2 and the phrase database of the composer style 4 designated in the database 10, and if a phrase that matches the melody part is found, the melody part is set as the matching phrase. Add a phrase conformance label. The tonality analysis unit 14 determines the key of the given melody. The key determination result is supplied to the pitch analysis unit 8 and the transposition unit 24.

A general chord progression database (CPDB) 18 and a composer style-specific chord progression database (CPDB) 20 for assigning chord progressions to each passage 12.
Is provided. The general CPDB stores a database of chord progressions of various rhythm styles regardless of the composer style. The composer style-specific CPDB 20 stores a database of chord progressions by composer style.

The CP retrieval unit 22 retrieves chord progressions from the composer style-specific CPDB 20 for phrases with phrase conforming labels, and retrieves chord progressions from the general CPDB 18 for passages without phrase conforming labels. To do. To be more specific, the CP search unit 22 has the passage 12
Information of presence / absence of phrase matching label, phrase length, designated composer style 4, and designated rhythm style 16 are input. Upon receiving this information, the CP search unit 2
In No. 2, when the phrase of interest does not have a phrase matching label, the general CPDB 18 is searched for chord progressions that satisfy the specified rhythm style 16 and phrase length.
On the other hand, in the case of a phrase with a phrase matching label, the chord progressions that satisfy the conditions of the designated composer style 4, the designated rhythm style 16 and the phrase length are searched from the composer style-specific CPDB 20.

The motion classifying section 26 and the sound type classifying section 28 assign meanings to each note of the divided melody (syllable). The motion classification unit 26 classifies motions between notes according to the pitch difference (pitch) between adjacent notes. The tone type classifying unit 28 determines the tone type of each note in the syllable based on the key of the melody 2 given from the tonality analyzing unit 14 and the chord progression (candidate of chord progression of the syllable) retrieved by the CPDBs 18, 20. Classify.

Melody pattern rule base (MPR
B) stores the rule base of melody patterns used in individual rhythm styles. Matching unit 32
Receives the classification data of each note given from the motion classification unit 26 and the note type classification unit 28, and checks whether the classification data follows the melody pattern of the designated rhythm style 16. For this reason, the matching unit 32 uses M
The melody pattern of the specified rhythm style 16 is searched from the PRB 30 and it is collated with the classification data. As a result of the matching, the musical notes in the syllables that follow the rules of the melody pattern are labeled as pattern matching.

The classification of the sound type by the sound type classifying unit 28 depends on the retrieved chord progression. Therefore, when the retrieved chord progression does not match the passage, many notes do not follow the melody pattern rules. In other words, the proportion of notes labeled with pattern matching is a measure of the degree of CP matching that indicates how well the retrieved chord progression matches the phrase. Similarly, the result of the tone type classifying unit 20 also depends on the melody key determined by the tonality analyzing unit 14. In other words, if the key specified by the tonality analysis unit 14 is incorrect, the proportion of notes with a pattern matching label decreases.

Therefore, it is desirable that the tonality analysis unit 14 can determine a plurality of tones as candidates in consideration of the possibility of a plurality of tones that the melody can take. Alternatively,
The tonality analysis unit 14 may determine the key of each phrase and generate a plurality of key candidates for each phrase.

The conformity evaluation unit 34 receives the result of the matching unit 24, calculates the proportion of the notes with the pattern conformity label among the notes of the passage, and evaluates the conformity of the chord progression. The deciding unit 36 decides the chord progression with the highest matching degree among the chord progressions retrieved from the CPDBs 18 and 20 as the chord progression of the passage. The determined chord progression is shown at 38. "Decision CP1" represents the chord progression of "Sentence 1", ... "Decision CPn" represents the chord progression of "Sentence n".

As can be seen from the above description, the composer style-specific phrase database 10 and the matching section 8 are provided so that the desired composer style 4 can be designated.
You can analyze the style of composer you want. Further, as a result of the style analysis, the chord progression of the desired composer style 4 can be assigned to the phrase to which the phrase matching label is attached by using the composer style-specific CPDB 20.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a hardware structure of the music apparatus according to the embodiment (here, it is composed of an electronic keyboard musical instrument). The CPU 40 operates according to a program stored in the program ROM 50 to control the entire system. The keyboard 60 has the same structure as a keyboard used for a normal electronic keyboard musical instrument and is used for playing music. The operation panel 70 has a composer style selection key 71 for selecting a desired composer style, a rhythm selection key 72 for designating a rhythm (accompaniment) style, and an arrangement of melody recorded with the device (with chords and accompaniment). Arrange key 73 for requesting a play, a play key 74 for instructing the performance of the arranged one, a stop key 75 for instructing to stop the performance, and other keys and switches necessary for operating the music apparatus.

The data ROM 80 is a tone coupling table 81 used for tonality determination, a chord progression database (CPDB) for general and composer used for chording.
82, 83, a phrase database 84 for each composer, a melody pattern rule base (MPRB), and rhythm patterns of various rhythm styles are stored. A rhythm pattern memory 86, an accompaniment pattern data memory 87 for storing accompaniment patterns of various rhythm styles, and other necessary fixed data are stored.

The RAM 90 stores a melody memory 91 for storing the melody input from the keyboard 60, a note combination histogram memory 92 for divided melody (sentences), and a key entry table 9 for storing the main note candidates of the melody.
3. Classification data memory 9 for storing classification data of passages
4. CP conformity memory 9 for storing the conformity of chord progression
6. A decision CP memory 96 for storing chord progressions assigned to each passage, an accompaniment style memory 97 for storing a specified accompaniment (rhythm) style, and a composer style memory 98 for storing a specified composer style. Including.

The display device 100 includes an LED group arranged on the operation panel and a liquid crystal panel. Sound source 110 is CPU4
A tone signal is generated under the control of 0. The Sarand system 120 includes an amplifier and a speaker, and outputs a musical sound signal to the outside.

FIG. 3 shows a main flow of the operation of the embodiment. First, the system is initialized with M1. Key scan M2
The state of each key of the keyboard 60 and the operation panel 70 is taken in, and if there is a changed key, it is discriminated (M3) and assigned to each process. In the keyboard processing M4, processing for changing the key state on the keyboard 60 (assignment of a tone channel of the sound source 110, etc.) is performed. The style selection process M5 and the accompaniment related process M6 will be described later. Timer processing M7
Then, various timers (timer for controlling pronunciation information, timer for controlling tempo of automatic performance) are controlled, and data is read for automatic performance. The tone generation process M8 controls the corresponding channel of the sound source 110.

FIG. 4 shows details of the style selection processing M5. When the accompaniment style selection key 71 is pressed (S
1) No. of the accompaniment style designated by the key operation by accompaniment style selection processing M3. Is set in the accompaniment style register 97. Also, the composer style selection key 72
When is pressed (S2), composer style selection processing S
2. The composer style N specified by the key operation by 2
o. Is set in the composer style register 98.

FIG. 5 shows details of the accompaniment-related process M6. When the arrange key 73 is pressed (P1), the automatic arrangement process P4 for the melody recorded in the melody memory 91 is performed (details will be described later). When the play key 74 is pressed, as the performance start processing P2, the rhythm counter is cleared, the start address of the melody memory 91 is set, and the start address for the accompaniment (the accompaniment pattern memory of the designated accompaniment style and the rhythm pattern memory is set). (Start address, start address of the chord progression memory for the first passage) and set the performance status to "pla".
When the stop key 75 is pressed, all the sounds are muted by high release, and the performance status is set to "stop".

FIG. 6 shows details of the automatic arrangement process P4. First, the performance status is checked (A1) and the automatic arrangement is started only when the automatic performance is stopped.
That is, the work area of the RAM 94 is cleared by the initial processing A2, and the tonality of the melody is judged by the tonality judgment processing A4. Next, in the phrase matching process A4, matching is performed between the melody and the composer phrase DB, and a phrase matching the designated composer style is detected. The melody division processing A5 divides the melody into a plurality of passages, and the chord progression creation processing A6 creates chord progressions for each passage (divided melody).

The respective processes A3, A4, A5 and A6 will be described in detail below. In the tonality determination processing A3 (see FIG. 7), first, at D1, the melody memory 91 (see FIG.
The above note data is read, but at this time, not only the current note but also the preceding and following note data is read. Next, the pitch f-data from the previous note and the pitch n-data to the subsequent note
a is calculated (D2, D3), and the coupling degree table 81 (see FIG. 9) is looked up by these pitches to obtain j [f-da
ta] and j [n-data], and the length of the current note × j
Calculate [f-data] / j [n-data] (D
4). This value represents the degree of connection of the current note. This value is accumulated for each pitch class for the combined histogram 92. The above processing is repeated for all the melody data (D5) to create the combined histogram 92.

Then, using the combined histogram 92,
For each diatonic scale in which the fundamental tone is C to B, the combined accumulated value of scale notes is calculated and set as the point of each fundamental tone (D6). Then, the fundamental tone having the maximum points is entered in the tonic entry table 93 as the first tonic candidate of the melody (D7). In addition, the fundamental tones whose points are 92% or more of the maximum point value are also entered as the second and subsequent tonic candidates (D8). In the phrase matching process A4 (see FIG. 10), as the initial process F6, the currently read measure address is set at the head of the melody memory 91, and the read measure number is set to 1.

Next (F2), all note data of the corresponding bar is read from the currently read bar address and the read bar number. At this time, if connected to the next bar by tie, note data of the next bar is also read and the number of bars is incremented. The read note string is converted into note length and pitch data (F3), and it corresponds to the designated composer style from the composer style-specific phrase database 84 (see FIG. 11) and has a length corresponding to the number of measures read. The phrase data is taken out (F4). Here, the similarity between the two is calculated (F5, F6). Here, the degree of similarity is given by M / P or P / M. Here, M represents the characteristic of the melody, P represents the characteristic of the phrase, and Σ (note length × α + pitch × β) / number of notes (where α +
It is calculated by β = 1). If the similarity M / P or P / M is larger than a predetermined value (for example, 80%), the phrase matching flag and the phrase head flag are set to the leading note of the currently read note data, and the phrase end flag is set to the last note. (F7), the number of read bars is added to the currently read bar address, and the number of bars is cleared (F8). If the number of measures is less than a predetermined value, it is judged whether the number of measures is four measures or more (F9). If it is less than four measures, 1 is added to the number of measures (F10).
In 11), the number of measures is cleared by adding 1 to the currently read measure address together with the process of the previous measure of 4 measures or more (F9) (F12). If the currently read measure address does not exceed the last measure (F13), F
Returning to 10, if the final measure is exceeded, the phrase matching process is exited.

In this way, the matching flag and the flag of the beginning and end of the phrase are set in the part of the entire melody that matches the phrase in the phrase database. This indicates that the part of the melody is a passage conforming to the designated composer style. When the phrase matching process is completed, the melody division process A5 (see FIG.
2 (see B1 to B14) and divides the melody other than the part matched by the phrase matching process using a predetermined condition. The predetermined condition used here is 1) In principle, divide into four measures (B9, B11),
2) If there is a note with a note length of three quarters or more of one measure, it is a cadence note (breaking note), and if the end position of the note is more than half of the measure, that measure is included. Divide, and if there are no more than half of the measures completed, then the measure does not include the ending measure (B10, B11),
There are two types. In the melody data divided under the above conditions, a passage start flag is set at the first note of the division and a passage end flag is set at the last note (B8, B11).

In the chord progression creating process A6 (see FIG. 13), after the initial process C1, the tonic entry table 1
The first tonic candidate is selected from 3 (C2). Next, the divided melody (section) is read (C3) and it is judged whether or not the phrase matching flag is set (C4). If the flag is not set here, chord progression search process 1 (C5)
To the chord progression search process 2 (C
Proceed to 10). In the chord progression search process 1, a general chord progression database 82 having musical knowledge is used as a chord progression database for searching chord progressions.
On the other hand, in the chord progression search process 2, the composer style-specific chord progression database 83 corresponding to the composer style selected as the chord progression database to be searched is used. This makes it possible to assign a chord pattern unique to the selected composer to the phrase matched by the phrase matching process. That is, in the chord progression search process 1, the chord progression having the same length as the number of bars of the read divided melody and having the attribute of the selected rhythm style is searched from the CPDB 82, and the data is loaded into the work area. On the other hand, in the chord progression search process 2, a chord progression having the same length as the number of bars of the read divided melody and having the attribute of the selected rhythm style is searched from the CPDB 83 of the selected composer style, and the data thereof is retrieved. To the work area. Hereinafter, the method of evaluating the matching degree of the retrieved chord progression is performed in the same manner (C6 to C).
9, C11-C14). First, with respect to the chord progression given as a candidate, in order to give a musical meaning to each note of the divided melody, note type classification processing C6, C11, motion classification processing C7, C12, MPRB matching processing C8, C
Do 13. Thus, the classification data of the divided melody thus obtained is composed of 3 bytes in total for each note, that is, 1 byte for the note type, motion type, and MP conformity flag (see the format of the classification data memory 94 in FIG. 16). The note type indicates what kind of meaning the note has with respect to the chord progression and the tonic. Chord tones, scale notes, tension notes, available notes,
It is selected from 5 types of avoid notes. The motion type indicates the pitch movement to the next note, and is selected from 6 types: end motion, homophonic progression, ascending leap progression, ascending sequential progression, descending leap progression, and descending sequential progression. It The MP conformity flag indicates whether or not the note follows the melody pattern rule.

In the note type classifications C6 and C11, the note pitch class PC, the selected tonic candidate key, and the root note ro of the chord at the time of the note among the chord progression candidates.
using ot, droot = (PC + 24−key−root) mod
12 dkey = (PC + 12-key) mod12 is calculated. If the droot is a chord tone, the tone type =
"Chord tone", dkey is scale note and dr
If ot is a tension note, the tone type = "Available note", and if dkey is only a scale note, the tone type =
If “scale note” and droot are only tension notes, the sound type is classified as “tension note”, and if none of them applies, the sound type is classified as “avoid note”.
In the motion classifications C7 and C12, the pitch data of a note is read together with the next note, the pitch difference (pitch) is calculated, and then the case is classified according to the difference. If the note is the last note in the passage, the motion type = "end motion", if the difference is 0 (same height), the motion type = "simultaneous progress", if the difference is 1 or 2 (semitone Or whole tone), the motion type = "ascending sequential progression", the motion type = "ascending leap progression" if the difference is greater than 2, and the motion type = "descending sequential" if the difference is -1 or -2. "Progress", and if the difference is larger than -2, the motion type is "descending jump progress". MPR
In the B matching processing C8 and C13, the flow of notes in which the sound type and the motion type are analyzed is inspected with the melody pattern in the melody pattern rule base 85 (see FIG. 15). Then, an MP conformity flag is set for a series of notes that match the melody pattern.

In the CP conformity evaluations C9 and C14, the conformity is calculated by accumulating the lengths of the notes with the MP conform flag set in the divided melody. If the calculated conformance has reached the acceptance reference value X (C14, C15), the chord progression at that time is entered together with the conformance as the chord progression of the passage (divided melody) (C18). If none of the chord progressions in the CPDB has reached the acceptance criterion, the acceptance criterion is lowered and the evaluation process is repeated (C16, C17, C2).
4, C25).

When the above processing is repeated for all tonic candidates of the divided melody (C19, C20), the processing is advanced to the next divided melody. When the processing is completed for all the divided melodies (sections) of the melody (C
21), the chord progression with the highest matching degree is selected from the chord progressions of each passage entered in C18 to determine the chord progression of each passage (C22). In this way, chord progressions suitable for each melody passage are created. Although the description of the embodiment has been completed, various modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention.

[0032]

As described above in detail, the melody analysis device of the present invention can perform style analysis of a melody for a desired music style. Further, the chord adding device of the present invention can add the chord progression of the style to the melody portion judged to be the passage of the desired music style as a result of the style analysis. Therefore, it is possible to add a style according to the user's intention to the automatic arrangement of the melody by adding chords.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a chord-equipped device incorporating a melody analysis device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the hardware configuration of the music apparatus according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a main routine.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of style selection processing.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of accompaniment-related processing.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of automatic arrangement processing.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of tonality determination processing.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a data format of a melody memory.

FIG. 9 is a view showing data of a coupling degree table.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart of phrase matching processing.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a data format of phrase data for each composer style.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart of melody division processing.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart of chord progression creation processing.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a format of a chord progression database.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a melody pattern rule-based format.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a format of a classification data memory.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Melody 4 Composer style 8 Matching 10 Phrase database by composer style 12 Sentence 20 Chord progression database by composer style 22 CP search

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. (A) Melody assigning means for imparting a melody, (B) style designating means for designating a music style, (C) style-specific phrase database means for storing a phrase database for each music style, and (D) )
A melody analysis device which detects, from the melody, a syllable that matches a phrase contained in a phrase database of a specified music style. 2. (A) Melody assigning means for imparting a melody, (B) style designating means for designating a music style, (C) style-specific phrase database means for storing a phrase database for each music style, and (D).
Chord progression database means for storing a chord progression database for each music style, and (E) matching phrase detecting means for detecting a phrase matching a phrase contained in the phrase database of the specified music style from the melody, (F) ) A chord progression retrieving means for retrieving a chord progression for the phrase from a chord progression database of a specified musical tone style, and a chord adding device.