JPH06119717A - Hard disk device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To efficiently evade a defect and to enable high density recording as well. CONSTITUTION:The device possesses a CPU 1 for deciding whether a position of a defect of a hard disk 8 is between an ID part of a data sector and a servo zone or not, and a hard disk controller 4 and a R/W block 6 to be controlled by this controller 4 are controlled by this CPU 1. By this method, when the position of a defect is between the ID part and the servo zone, reformatting is performed to make the following data sectors after this data sector skip until immediately after completion of this servo zone. When the position of the defect is not between them, reformatting is performed to make data sectors until a servo zone immediately before the position of the defect remain and to make the following data sectors after the remaining parts skip until immediately after completion of the next servo zone.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hard disk device adopting a so-called sector servo system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a hard disk drive which employs a so-called sector servo system for performing tracking servo using a servo area (servo zone), conventionally, in order to avoid a defect (defect) on a medium (on a hard disk), If a spare sector (spare data sector) managed by the hard disk drive is prepared in a location where data cannot be read / written directly from the host computer, and the sector with the above defect (defect data sector) is found, the defect is detected. A method (alternative processing) of using the spare data sector instead of the data sector is adopted.

This is particularly effective and wasteful when the positional relationship between the servo zone SZ and the data sector DS is a regular track format as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, for example. This is a widely used method as an alternative processing method. That is,
In FIGS. 12 and 13, one track is composed of a plurality of continuous data sectors DS _{1 to} DS _k , and one unit of data sector DS is the sector DS itself necessary for reading / writing the sector DS. It is composed of an ID section indicating positional information and a data section in which arbitrary data is written. Further, in the case of the sector servo system, the servo zones SZ are arranged immediately before each data sector DS or divided into a plurality of data sectors DS so that the intervals between the servo zones SZ are always kept constant. It As described above, in the general sector servo system, the servo zones SZ and the data sectors DS are regularly arranged in the track format.

Here, the spare data sector SDS is prepared in advance so as to be used for the alternative processing, whereby it is possible to avoid one defect per track. For example, in the above alternative process in the track format of FIG. 12, as shown in FIG.
When the defect data sector DDS is found, the spare data sector SDS is used in place of the defect data sector DDS. Thus, the substitution process is performed with one data sector DS as the minimum unit.

[0005]

By the way, in the future hard disk drive, it is conceivable to increase the number of servo zones on the medium in order to cope with the vibration resistance and the high track density as well as the miniaturization. Further, as a new technique, it is conceivable to adopt a method (hereinafter referred to as zone bit recording) in which a plurality of recording areas having different recording densities are provided in the disc for the purpose of improving the recording capacity per medium.

However, when the number of servo zones is increased or zone bit recording is adopted, as a result, one data sector is divided into several parts by the servo zone and formed on the medium. Furthermore, since the method of this division also has the highest priority of increasing the capacity per medium, the positional relationship between the servo zone and the data sector in the track format becomes irregular. For this reason, it is possible to perform the above-described conventional alternative processing on the data sector thus divided, but in order to perform this alternative processing, at least a spare data sector of the same size as the data sector is used. This is not preferable because it must be provided, contrary to the demand for high density recording.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a hard disk device suitable for high density recording and capable of efficiently avoiding defects.

[0008]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The hard disk drive of the present invention has been proposed in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, and the interval between servo zones is one unit of a data sector consisting of an ID part and a data part. A hard disk device that performs recording / reproduction of a shorter hard disk, and the defect position of the hard disk divides one data sector into n.
There is a determination unit that determines whether or not the servo zone is closest to the ID section of the data sector of the (n ≧ 1) servo zones and the ID section, and the defect position is When it is between the ID part of the data sector and the closest servo zone, reformatting is performed to skip the data sector of one unit and beyond until just after the end of the closest servo zone, and the defective position is the data sector. When not between the ID portion and the closest servo zone, the reformatting is performed in which the data sector is left up to the servo zone immediately before the defect position and the rest of the data sector is skipped until immediately after the end of the next servo zone. It's something that you do.

[0009]

According to the hard disk drive of the present invention, in order to avoid defects, reformatting is performed in which the entire data sector of one unit or the remaining portion after the servo area immediately before the defect position is skipped according to the defect position. This makes it possible to avoid defects in units smaller than the data sector unit.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a hard disk device of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a hard disk device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The hard disk device of this embodiment is
A hard disk device for recording / reproducing a hard disk 8 in which a space between servo zones is shorter than one unit of a data sector including an ID part and a data part, and a defect position (defect position) of the hard disk is a data sector of one unit. A CPU 1 is provided as a determination unit that determines whether or not it is between a servo zone closest to the ID section of the data sector in the n (n ≧ 1) servo zones to be divided and the ID section, The CPU 1 controls the hard disk controller 4 and the R / W block 6 controlled by the controller 4 so that when the defect position is between the ID portion of the data sector and the closest servo zone, Skip the data sector of 1 unit or more immediately after the end of the nearest servo zone. Formatting is performed, and when the defect position is not between the ID part of the data sector and the closest servo zone, the data sector is left up to the servo zone immediately before the defect position, and the rest of the data sector and subsequent parts are left. The reformatting is performed to skip immediately after the end of the next servo zone.

Prior to a detailed description of the apparatus of this embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the track format in this embodiment will be described.

FIG. 2 shows the track format of this embodiment.
An example of the In FIG. 2, in this embodiment, the
Increase the number of robot zones and adopt zone bit recording.
As a result of using 1 data sector DS in the servo zone S
It is divided into several parts by Z. That is,
From FIG. 2, the interval of the servo zone SZ is always kept constant.
They are arranged so that
Unlike FIGS. 12 and 13, the servo zone SZ and data
The positional relationship of the tascat DS is irregular
It For example, the data sector DS of FIG.₁Is the servo zone
SZ_AIs divided into two parts by
Tassector DS₁Is the servo zone SZ _AAnd the next servo
Zone SZ_BEnds halfway between and. Also an example
For example, data sector DS₂2 servo zones like
Between (SZ_AAnd SZ_B(Between) and Servozo
SZ_BSome are divided into two parts by
It

In this embodiment, the data sector DS is divided at irregular positions by the servo zone SZ as described above, but all the information about which position is divided is the ID portion of the sector DS. It is stored in. That is, the data sector DS divided by the servo zone SZ is temporarily interrupted before the servo zone SZ, and the continuation is resumed after the servo zone SZ is crossed. Therefore, when formatting the hard disk 8, the CPU 1 informs the hard disk controller 4 of where to suspend and restart from each of a plurality of sectors forming one track on the circumference. Give as. For example, there is 1 information indicating that in what number sector, how many bytes of data follow the ID field, the data is interrupted, and the data is restarted after one servo zone SZ is exceeded.
All sectors forming a track are given as data or commands from the CPU 1 to the hard disk controller 4 at the start of formatting.

By the way, in the case of such a track format, a surplus portion C in which one data sector cannot be secured remains at the last portion of the track format over one round, as shown in FIG. There is. At this time, for example, in the track format, if the defect data sector DDS is subjected to the conventional alternative processing in units of one data sector, as shown in FIG. 3, the surplus portion C is permanently used as it is. There is a possibility that it will be lost, resulting in a loss of the recording area, which is not preferable.

For this reason, in the embodiment of the present invention, the defects as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 are avoided.

That is, in this embodiment, for example, when the defect position existing in a certain data sector DS _E is located at the position E _{1 in} the drawing of FIG. 4, two servo zones are set as shown in FIG. SZ _p and SZ _q and sandwiched by only the region R _1, to immediately after the servo zone SZ _q is skipped since the data sectors DS _E to perform reformatting of the data sectors DS _E later. Further, for example, when the defect position is at the position E _{2 in} the drawing of FIG. 4, as shown in FIG.
Area R sandwiched between two servo zones SZ _q and SZ _r
Only ₂ , the servo zone SZ _q of the data sector DS _E
It is assumed that the portion after the divided portion is skipped and the portion after the divided portion is reformatted immediately after the servo zone SZ _r (the restart of the formatting after avoiding the defect is started immediately after the next servo zone). By subjecting this track to various processes, these defects are avoided. When the skip format of this embodiment is actually performed, the data sector DS divided as in the example of FIG. 6 is used.
_{When the} format must be restarted from the latter half (remaining part) of _E, the restart timing can be easily and accurately obtained by restarting immediately after the servo zone SZ (SZ _r ). Further, when the skip format as in this embodiment is applied, it is necessary to erase the track for one round in order to erase the previous track format.

From the above, when the data sector DS is divided into several parts by the servo zone SZ, the skip format of this embodiment for skipping in units smaller than the data sector DS is: By considering the conventional spare data sector SDS and the surplus portion C shown in FIG. 2, even if there are a plurality of defects on the same track as shown in FIG. 7, it is possible to avoid them. There are advantages. That is, in this FIG. 7 corresponding to the example of FIG. 2 described above, by using both the space where the spare data sector SDS was and the surplus portion C, it is possible to avoid two defects. . This makes it possible to improve the yield of media.

The spare data sector SDS is smaller than that of the conventional spare data sector SDS in FIG.
If only the surplus portion C shown in FIG. 2 is considered, as shown in FIG. 8, it is possible to avoid one defect for one track as in the conventional case. That is, if there is a space for the surplus portion C, the spare data sector SDS can be used as a normal data sector DS (DS _{k + 1} ). This contributes to an increase in recording capacity per medium.

Referring back to FIG. 1, the hard disk device of this embodiment to which the above-mentioned track format is applied will be described in detail.

As shown in FIG. 1, the hard disk device of this embodiment has a CPU 1 which is a microprocessor.
(Drive CPU1) and the CPU1 and host I /
The hard disk controller 4 that operates based on a control signal from a host computer (not shown) via the F bus, and read / write data from / to the hard disk 8 based on a drive signal from the hard disk controller 4 / W block 6, an external memory 2 including a program ROM for instruction code of the microprocessor and a program RAM for working of the microprocessor, and a data buffer memory (buffer memory) 5 for temporarily storing data as described later. And a servo block 7. The external memory 2 can be built in the CPU 1.

[0022] That is, in the hard disk drive of the present embodiment is the command or drive CPU1 from the host computer, it is determined that defect data sectors DS _E as FIG. 4 to FIG. 6, further drive CPU1, the sector However, the defect avoidance process described above is performed.

The processing of the drive CPU 1 that executes this sequence will be described below with reference to the flow charts shown in FIGS.

First, the above-mentioned defect detection is performed by the procedure shown in the flowchart of FIG.

In the flowchart of FIG. 9, the CPU 1 determines which area (for example, the position E ₁ or the position E _{1 in} the example of FIG. 4) where the data sector DS _E shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 is divided by the servo zone SZ. In order to determine whether or not there is a defect in the area including the position E ₂ , writing and reading of data are repeated with respect to the data sector DS _E. At this time, as the data to be written in the data sector DS _E by the CPU 1, for example, random pattern data is used to improve the effect of detecting a defect.

More specifically, the data to be written in the data sector DS _E of the track of the hard disk 8 in step S1 is prepared in the buffer memory 5. In the next step S2, the data in the buffer memory 5 is written in the data sector DS _E. In step S3, the data written in step S2 is read from the data sector DS _E and taken into the buffer memory 5. At this time, the data is fetched into the buffer memory 5 at an address different from the address used in step S1. Therefore, written data and read data are present in the buffer memory 5.

In the next steps S4 to S6, the written data and the read data in the buffer memory 5 are compared with each other to find out which part of the data is different and to find the different part. In this case, it is determined which part (area) the different portion belongs to is divided by the servo zone SZ in the data sector DS _E.

That is, after comparing the written data and the read data in the buffer memory 5 in step S4, it is determined in step S5 whether or not all the data match, and in step S5, If it is determined that they match (Yes), the process returns to step S2,
If it is determined that they do not match (No), the process proceeds to step S6. In this step S6, the defect position corresponding to the mismatched data is detected. When the defect position detected in step S6 is located at the position E _{1 in} FIG. 4, for example, the process proceeds to step S7, and when the defect position is located at the position E _{2 in} FIG. 4, the process proceeds to step S8.

In step S7, as described above, for example, only the area R ₁ sandwiched between the two servo zones SZ _p and SZ _q as shown in FIG. 5 is skipped over the data sector DS _E and the servo zone SZ. Immediately after _q , avoidance processing e ₁ is performed to reformatte the data sector DS _{E and the} subsequent data sectors. Further, in step S8, as described above, only the area R ₂ sandwiched between the two servo zones SZ _q and SZ _r as shown in FIG.
An avoidance process e ₂ is performed in which the portion of S _E after the division in the servo zone SZ _q is skipped and the portion after the remaining portion of the division is reformatted immediately after the servo zone SZ _r .

After these steps S7 and S8, the process returns to step S2, and the subsequent processing is repeated several times (in this case, the random pattern is changed every time the random pattern in step S1 is repeated). We are also trying to improve the detection effect.

Next, the avoidance processing e ₁ and e ₂ of step S7 or step S8 of FIG. 9 will be described in more detail with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 10 or 11. That is, avoidance process, defects detected in the manner described above, the servo zone SZ _q in the data sectors DS _E
Which region is divided by (in this case position E ₁
And E ₂ )).

Here, the data sector DS_EID in
Area following field (ID part) (position E in this case)₁
If there is a defect in the
DS _ETo reformat the track that contains
Therefore, the conventional data sector DS_EWas in the position
Region R including a fact₁And finally in the above FIG.
Use a track format such as.

Therefore, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 10 showing the avoidance processing e ₁ , the CPU 1 firstly, in step S11, the data sector DS of the track.
Data of all sectors except _E are once read into the buffer memory 5. In the next step S12, the track is erased by continuing to write certain data to the track without discriminating sectors. In step S13, the track format shown in FIG. 5 is reformatted.

That is, the CPU 1 formats the hard disk controller 4 up to the sector immediately before the data sector DS _E , then temporarily suspends the formatting, and passes one servo zone SZ _q . And the data or command to restart the formatting after passing the servo zone SZ _q . Specifically, in step S14, the servo zone S
After waiting for one Z _q to pass and confirming that the servo zone SZ _q has passed in step S14, step S15
Then, the formatting after the data sector DS _E is restarted. Then, in step S16, step S11
The data read in by writing all the sectors, except for the data sectors DS _E, (to the reformatted state) back to the avoidance processing previous state.

Further, the CPU 1 causes the avoidance processing e ₂
For, the process of the flowchart shown in FIG. 11 is performed.

In the flow chart shown in FIG. 11, when there is a defect in the area (in this case, the area of position E ₂ ) which does not include the ID field divided by the servo zone SZ _q in the data sector DS _E , by reformatting the track that contains the data sectors DS _E, avoiding the area R ₂ including the defect was in the position of the conventional data sectors DS _E, ultimately track format as shown in FIG. 6 To

Therefore, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 11, the CPU 1 temporarily reads the data of all the sectors except the data sector DS _{E of the} track into the buffer memory 5 in step S21. Next step S2
In 2, the track is erased by continuing to write constant data without discriminating sectors. Step S23
Then, it is reformatted into the track format as shown in FIG.

That is, the CPU 1 formats the data sector DS _{E in} the hard disk controller 4 before it is divided by the servo zone SZ _q , and once suspends the formatting, and the servo zone SZ ( SZ _r ) is passed, and after the passage, data or a command is given to restart from the format after the servo zone SZ _q of the data sector DS _E. In particular,
In step S24, it waits for one servo zone SZ _r to pass, and in step S24, after confirming that the servo zone SZ _r has passed, in step S25, the data sector D
Formatting after the above defect (position E ₂ ) of S _E is restarted. Then, in step S26, the data read in step S21 is set to the data sector D.
By writing in all sectors except S _E , the state before the avoidance processing is restored (reformatted).

From the above, according to the hard disk device of the present embodiment, the number of servo zones on the medium is increased in order to cope with the vibration resistance characteristic and the high density track, and the recording capacity per medium is increased. Spare data prepared in advance when zone bit recording is adopted for the purpose of improving the above (as a result, one data sector is divided into several parts by the servo zone and is formed on the medium). Since the defect is avoided in units smaller than the sector, the defect can be effectively avoided. That is, instead of the conventional alternative processing in which the data sector is one unit, the defect is avoided within a data unit which is a unit smaller than the data sector DS, for example, between two servo zones SZ. It is possible to increase the recording capacity per medium. Further, it becomes possible to allow more defects on the medium, and the yield of the medium can be improved.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the case where the data sector is divided by one servo zone is taken as an example, but the data sector may extend over two servo zones, for example. Even in this case, the same effect can be obtained by performing the reformatting similar to the above.

[0041]

As described above, in the hard disk drive of the present invention, the defect position is closest to the ID portion of the data sector in the n (n ≧ 1) servo zones that divide one unit of data sector. It is determined whether or not it is between the servo zone and this ID portion, and when the defect position is in between, the reformatting is performed to skip the data sector of 1 unit and beyond until immediately after the end of this closest servo zone, and not during that time. In some cases, by leaving the data sector up to the servo zone immediately before the defect position and performing reformatting to skip the rest until immediately after the end of the next servo zone, efficient defect avoidance and high density recording can be performed. It is also possible.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block circuit diagram showing a schematic configuration of a hard disk device of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a track format of the present embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a defect in the case where the alternative process similar to the conventional one is performed in the format of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a specific example of a defect position in the present embodiment.

5 is a diagram for explaining a defect avoiding process in the present embodiment when the defect is at the position E ₁ in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a defect avoidance process in the present embodiment when the defect is at the position E ₂ in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining how to avoid two defects by using both spaces of a spare data sector and a surplus portion.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining how a spare data sector is used as a normal data sector.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a procedure of defect detection in this embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a procedure of an avoidance process e ₁ in this embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a procedure of avoidance processing e ₂ in the present embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of a conventional track format.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing another example of a conventional track format.

FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining a conventional alternative process.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ... CPU 2 ... External memory 4 ... Hard disk controller 5 ... Buffer memory 6 ... R / W Block 7 ... Servo block 8 ... Hard disk

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A hard disk device for recording / reproducing a hard disk in which an interval between servo areas is shorter than one unit of a data sector composed of an ID part and a data part, wherein a defect position of the hard disk is the data of one unit. Of the n (n ≧ 1) servo areas dividing the sector, the servo area closest to the ID section of the data sector and the ID
Section, and when the defect position is between the ID section of the data sector and the closest servo area, immediately after the end of the closest servo area. The reformatting is performed by skipping the data sector after the one unit, and when the defect position is not between the ID part of the data sector and the closest servo region, the data sector is moved to the servo region immediately before the defect position. A hard disk device characterized by performing reformatting to skip the rest of the remaining data sector until immediately after the end of the next servo area.