JPH06118685A - Electrostatic charge image developing toner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a toner having excellent fixability at a low temp. and offset property by incorporating wax which has the on-set temp. of an endothermic peak at the time of temp. rising in a DSC curve within a specific range, has one endothermic peak at the time of temp. rising in a specific range and is subjected to discrimination by mol.wt. into the toner. CONSTITUTION:This electrostatic charge developing toner contains a binder resin, the wax and the compd. expressed by formula. The wax has the on-set temp. of the endothermic peak at the time of temp. rising in the DSC curve measured by a differential scanning calorimeter of the within the 50 to 110 deg.C range, has one endothermic peak at the time of temp. rising in the 70 to 120 deg.C range and is divided by the mol.wt. is used. In the formula, R1 denotes 1 to 8C alkyl group; R2 and R3 respectively denote 1 to 18C alkyl group; R4 denotes 1 to 8C alkyl group or benzyl group. As a result, the excellent fixability, offset resistance and blocking resistance are obtd. and the always bright images which are not affected by environment are obtd.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrostatic charge image developing toner suitable for heat fixing used in electrophotography, electrostatic recording and magnetic recording.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an electrophotographic method, U.S. Pat. No. 2,297,691 and JP-B-42-23910 are known.
Although many methods are known as described in JP-B No. 43-24748 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 43-24748, generally, a photoconductive substance is used and an electric latent image is formed on a photoreceptor by various means. And then developing the latent image with toner,
After transferring the toner image to a transfer material such as paper, if necessary,
The toner is fixed by heat, pressure, heat and pressure, or solvent vapor to obtain a copy, and the toner remaining on the photoreceptor without being transferred is cleaned by various methods, and the above steps are repeated.

In recent years, such a copying apparatus has begun to be used not only as a general-purpose copying machine for copying original documents but also as a printer as an output of a computer or a personal copy for individuals. .

[0004] Therefore, smaller size, lighter weight, higher speed, and higher reliability have been rigorously pursued, and machines have come to be composed of simpler elements in various respects. As a result, the performance required for the toner has become higher, and if the improvement in the performance of the toner cannot be achieved, a better machine cannot be established.

That is, there is a need for a toner which is more excellent in developability and fixability.

That is, even a developing device having a simple triboelectrification mechanism has excellent charge stability, high image density,
There is a demand for a toner capable of obtaining an image without fogging and having a good fixing property even in a fixing device having a small nip pressure and a small heat capacity.

As a charge control agent which is practically used in the art to give a positive charge to a toner, Japanese Patent Publication No.
Nigrosine dyes disclosed in, for example, JP-A 1-2427,
There are quaternary ammonium salts disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,565,654 and polyamine resins disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-13284. However, simplification of the developing device and development of color toner are not sufficient.

It is also known to add wax to the toner as a fixing auxiliary component. For example, JP-A-5
Techniques such as 2-3304, JP-A-52-3305, and JP-A-57-52574 are disclosed.

Further, JP-A-3-50559, JP-A-2-79860, JP-A-1-109359, JP-A-62-14166, and JP-A-61-27.
3554, JP 61-94062, JP 61-138259, JP 60-25236.
1, JP-A-60-252360, JP-A-6
A technique for containing waxes is disclosed in, for example, 0-217366.

Waxes are used to improve the offset resistance of the toner at low temperatures and high temperatures, and to improve the fixability at low temperatures.

However, it is difficult to satisfy the sufficient low temperature fixing property and blocking resistance.

[0012]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a toner for developing an electrostatic charge image, which solves the above problems.

That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a toner for developing an electrostatic charge image which is excellent in fixability and offset resistance at low temperatures.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a toner for developing an electrostatic charge image, which has excellent blocking resistance and does not deteriorate in developability regardless of environment.

[0015]

The present invention provides a toner for developing an electrostatic charge image containing at least a binder resin, a wax and a compound represented by the following general formula (1), and the wax is measured by a differential scanning calorimeter. The onset temperature of the endothermic peak at the time of temperature rise in the measured DSC curve is 50 to 110 ° C.
The present invention relates to a toner for developing an electrostatic charge image, wherein the wax has at least one endothermic peak at the time of temperature rise in the range of 70 to 120 ° C. and is a wax sorted by molecular weight.

[0016]

[Chemical 2] (In the formula, R ₁ is a C _{1 to} C ₈ alkyl group, R ₂ and R ₃ are each a C _{1 to} C ₁₈ alkyl group, and R ₄ is C
An alkyl group or a benzyl group ₁ -C _8. ) Further, the present invention will be described in detail.

In the present invention, the wax has the following characteristics, and in the DSC curve measured by a differential scanning calorimeter, the onset temperature of the peak is an endothermic peak at a temperature rise of 50 to 110 ° C.
And satisfying the existence of at least one endothermic peak in the range of 70 to 120 ° C.

At the time of temperature rise, a change when heat is applied to the wax can be seen, and an endothermic peak due to wax transition and melting is observed. Peak onset temperature is 50-1
Within the range of 10 ° C., the developability, blocking resistance, and low temperature fixability can be satisfied. It is preferably in the range of 50 to 100 ° C. If the peak onset temperature is less than 50 ° C., the wax change temperature is too low, blocking resistance tends to be poor, or the toner may have poor developability at the time of temperature increase. If it exceeds 110 ° C., The change temperature of the wax is too high, and sufficient fixability cannot be obtained. Within the range of 70 to 120 ° C., preferably 8
0 to 120 ° C, particularly preferably 90 to 120 ° C
By having an endothermic peak within the range of 1, good fixing property and offset resistance can be satisfied. When the peak temperature exists only below 70 ° C., the melting temperature of the wax is too low, and sufficient high temperature offset resistance cannot be obtained.
If the peak temperature exists only in the region above 0 ° C,
The melting temperature of the wax is too high, and sufficient low temperature offset resistance and low temperature fixability cannot be obtained. That is, the presence of the peak temperature in this region makes it easy to balance the offset resistance and the fixability.

In the DSC measurement of the present invention, since the heat exchange of the wax is measured and its behavior is observed, it is preferable to use a highly accurate internal heat input compensation type differential scanning calorimeter because of the measurement principle. For example, DSC-7 manufactured by Perkin Elmer can be used.

The measuring method is ASTM D3418-82.
Carry out according to. The DSC curve used in the present invention has a temperature rate of 10 ° C./m after the temperature has been raised and lowered once and the previous history is taken.
In, a DSC curve measured when the temperature is raised is used. The definition of each temperature is defined as follows. Onset temperature of endothermic peak The temperature at the intersection of the tangent of the curve and the baseline at the point where the differential value of the DSC curve at the time of temperature rise reaches its maximum. -Peak temperature The peak top temperature.

A concrete example is shown in FIG. 1 using wax A as an example.

The wax used in the present invention is obtained from the following waxes. Paraffin wax and its derivatives, montan wax and its derivatives,
Microcrystalline wax and its derivatives, Fischer-Tropsch wax and its derivatives, polyolefin wax and its derivatives, and the like. The derivatives include oxides, block copolymers with vinyl monomers, and graft modified products.

In addition, alcohols, fatty acids, acid amides,
Esters, ketones, hydrogenated castor oil and its derivatives, vegetable wax, animal wax, mineral wax, petrolactam and the like can also be used.

Among them, the wax preferably used is a low molecular weight alkylene polymer obtained by radically polymerizing alkylene under high pressure or by Ziegler catalyst under low pressure,
From the distillation residue of the hydrocarbon obtained by the Arge process from a synthesis gas consisting of an alkylene polymer obtained by thermally decomposing a high-molecular-weight alkylene polymer, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen,
Alternatively, waxes obtained from synthetic hydrocarbons obtained by hydrogenating these may be used, and antioxidants may be added.

From these waxes, the wax obtained by fractionating the wax according to its molecular weight by using a press sweating method, a solvent method, vacuum distillation, fractional crystallization (for example, one utilizing fused liquid crystal deposition and crystal filtration) is a wax. Used in invention. Further, oxidation, block copolymerization, or graft modification may be performed after the fractionation. That is, those obtained by removing the low molecular weight components, those obtained by extracting the low molecular weight components, and those obtained by further removing the low molecular weight components by these methods, etc.

The most preferable wax as a base material is a metal oxide catalyst (often two or more kinds of multi-component wax),
Carbon number obtained by the reaction of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, such as the gintol method, the hydrocoal method (using a fluidized catalyst bed), or the arge method (using a fixed catalyst bed) where a large amount of waxy substances can be obtained Hydrocarbons up to several hundreds (particularly preferred as hydrogenated products) and hydrocarbons obtained by polymerizing alkylenes such as ethylene with a Ziegler catalyst are small-branch, small, long-chain saturated carbon It is hydrogen. In particular, a hydrocarbon wax synthesized by a method that does not depend on the polymerization of alkylene is preferable because of its structure and molecular weight distribution that facilitates separation.

By using a wax separated from such a wax by molecular weight, the effects of the wax such as improvement of offset resistance and fixing property can be further improved,
It is possible to reduce adverse effects on blocking resistance and developability. This is because it becomes possible to use more components that work particularly effectively as a wax.

The preferred range of the molecular weight distribution is a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 300 to 1200, preferably 35.
0-1000, weight average molecular weight (Mw) is 500-36
00, preferably 550 to 3000, and Mw / Mn is 3 or less, preferably 2.5 or less, and particularly preferably 2.0 or less. By having such a molecular weight distribution, it is possible to give the toner favorable thermal characteristics.

As other physical properties, the needle penetration at 25 ° C. is 5.0 (10 ^-1 mm) or less, preferably 4.0.
(10 ^-1 mm) or less, particularly preferably 3.0 (10 ^-1 m)
m). If it deviates from these ranges, it tends to change at low temperatures, resulting in poor storability and developability. Further, the melt viscosity at 140 ° C. is 200 cP or less, preferably 100 cP or less, and particularly preferably 50 cP or less. When it exceeds 200 cP, the plasticity and the releasability are deteriorated, and the excellent fixing property and offset resistance are affected. The softening point is preferably 130 ° C or lower, and particularly preferably 120 ° C or lower. If it exceeds 130 ° C., the temperature at which the releasability works particularly effectively becomes high, and the excellent offset resistance is affected.

The content of these waxes depends on the binder resin 10
Used within 20 parts by weight with respect to 0 parts by weight, 0.5 to 1
It is effective to use 0 parts by weight, and it may be used in combination with other waxes.

In the present invention, the molecular weight distribution of the wax is measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) under the following conditions.

(GPC measurement conditions) Device: GPC-150
C (Waters Co.) Column: GMH-HT 30 cm 2 series (manufactured by Tosoh Corp.) Temperature: 135 ° C. Solvent: o-dichlorobenzene (addition of 0.1% ionol) Flow rate: 1.0 ml / min Sample: 0.15% sample 0.4 ml injection Measured under the above conditions, a molecular weight calibration curve prepared from a monodisperse polystyrene standard sample is used to calculate the molecular weight of the sample. Further, it is calculated by performing conversion according to the wax such as polyethylene conversion using a conversion formula derived from the Mark-Houwink viscosity formula.

The penetration of waxes in the present invention is J
It is a value measured according to IS K-2207. Specifically, it is a numerical value representing the penetration depth in units of 0.1 mm when a needle having a conical tip with a diameter of about 1 mm and an apex angle of 9 ° is penetrated with a constant load. The test conditions in the present invention are a sample temperature of 25 ° C., a load of 100 g, and a penetration time of 5 seconds.

The melt viscosity is a value measured by using a Brookfield viscometer, and the condition is a measurement temperature of 1
40 ° C., shear rate 1.32 rpm, sample 10 ml. The softening point is a value measured according to JIS K-2207.

On the other hand, the quaternary ammonium compound is rather hydrophilic and is very susceptible to high temperature and high humidity environments. Further, since it is difficult to uniformly disperse the toner in the toner, it is difficult to keep the triboelectric charge stable and uniform. Charge control agents that have improved such drawbacks are disclosed, for example, in JP-A-56-11461 and JP-A-57-5495.
3, JP-A-57-119364, JP-A-5
8-98742 and JP-A-60-169854 are disclosed, but none of them is satisfactory.

As a result of examination by the present inventors, the above (1)
It has been found that when the compound represented by the formula is used together with the wax having a low melting point as in the present invention, the environmental stability, which has been a drawback in the past, is improved and a toner having excellent durability due to uniform charging can be produced.

Since the low-melting-point wax has a low melt viscosity, the viscosity of the binder resin can be lowered from a relatively low temperature, and these compounds can be well dispersed in the polymer chain and incorporated therein. Therefore, these compounds alone are rarely exposed to high temperature and high humidity, and are unlikely to be affected.
Therefore, stable triboelectric charging can be obtained.

Since the wax of the present invention is classified according to its molecular weight, it is hard at room temperature but sharply melted at a relatively low temperature. Therefore, it is possible to improve the fixing property without affecting the blocking resistance. Further, when the quaternary ammonium compound of the present invention is used, the above-mentioned function becomes more effective and the developability is further improved.

Specific examples of the compound represented by the above formula (1) are shown below, but the invention is not limited thereto.

[0040]

[Chemical 3]

[0041]

[Chemical 4] As a method of incorporating the compound used in the present invention into the toner, the object of the present invention is achieved by a method of adding the compound to the inside of the toner. The amount of these compounds used is determined by the type of binder resin, the presence or absence of other additives, and the toner production method including the dispersion method, and is not uniquely limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the binder resin.
Used in the range of parts by weight.

The compound used in the present invention can also be used in combination with a conventionally known charge control agent.

As the binder resin used in the toner of the present invention, the following binder resins can be used.

For example, homopolymers of styrene such as polystyrene, poly-p-chlorostyrene, and polyvinyltoluene and their substitution products; styrene-p-chlorostyrene copolymers, styrene-vinyltoluene copolymers, styrene-vinylnaphthalene. Copolymer, styrene-acrylic acid ester copolymer, styrene-methacrylic acid ester copolymer, styrene-α-chloromethyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene-
Styrene such as vinyl methyl ether copolymer, styrene-vinyl ethyl ether copolymer, styrene-vinyl methyl ketone copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer, styrene-isoprene copolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile-indene copolymer -Based copolymer; polyvinyl chloride, phenol resin, natural modified phenol resin, natural resin modified maleic acid resin, acrylic resin, methacrylic resin, polyvinyl acetate, silicone resin, polyester resin, polyurethane, polyamide resin, furan resin, epoxy resin , Xylene resin, polyvinyl butyral, terpene resin, coumarone indene resin, petroleum resin and the like can be used. Preferred binder materials include styrene copolymers and polyester resins.

Examples of the comonomer for the styrene monomer of the styrene copolymer include acrylic acid, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate,
Dodecyl acrylate, octyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, octyl methacrylate, octyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, acrylamide, etc. A monocarboxylic acid having a heavy bond or a substituted product thereof; for example, a dicarboxylic acid having a double bond such as maleic acid, butyl maleate, methyl maleate, dimethyl maleate and the like; and a substituted product thereof; for example, vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate. , Vinyl esters such as vinyl benzoate; ethylene-based olefins such as ethylene, propylene, butylene; vinyl ketones such as vinyl methyl ketone, vinyl hexyl ketone; Chirueteru, vinyl ethyl ether, vinyl ethers such as vinyl isobutyl ether; vinyl monomers are used alone or two or more.

The styrene polymer or styrene copolymer may be crosslinked or may be a mixed resin.

As the cross-linking agent for the binder resin, a compound mainly having two or more polymerizable double bonds may be used. For example, aromatic divinyl compounds such as divinylbenzene and divinylnaphthalene; carboxylic acid esters having two double bonds such as ethylene glycol diacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and 1,3-butanediol dimethacrylate; Divinyl compounds such as divinylaniline, divinyl ether, divinyl sulfide, divinyl sulfone; and 3
A compound having at least one vinyl group; is used alone or as a mixture.

In the toner of the present invention, the charging stability,
In order to improve developability, fluidity and durability, it is preferable to add silica fine powder.

The silica fine powder used in the present invention is BE.
Specific surface area due to nitrogen adsorption measured by T method is 30 m ² / g
Those in the above range (particularly 50 to 400 m ² / g) give good results. The fine silica powder is used in an amount of 0.01 to 8 parts by weight, preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the toner.

The silica fine powder used in the present invention is
Silicone varnishes, various modified silicone varnishes, silicone oils, various modified silicone oils, silane coupling agents, silane coupling agents having functional groups, and other organosilicon compounds for the purpose of hydrophobicizing, controlling chargeability, etc., as required. It is also preferable that the treatment is carried out with a treatment agent such as the above, or in combination with various treatment agents.

As other additives, lubricant powders such as Teflon powder, zinc stearate powder and polyvinylidene fluoride powder, among others, polyvinylidene fluoride are preferable.
Alternatively, abrasives such as cerium oxide powder, silicon carbide powder, and strontium titanate powder, among which strontium titanate is preferable. Or, for example, titanium oxide powder,
A fluidity-imparting agent such as aluminum oxide powder is preferable, and a hydrophobic agent is particularly preferable. A small amount of an anti-caking agent or a conductivity-imparting agent such as carbon black powder, zinc oxide powder, antimony oxide powder, tin oxide powder, or white and black particles of opposite polarity can be used as a developing property improver.

Further, the toner of the present invention may further contain a magnetic material to be used as a magnetic toner. In this case, the magnetic material can also serve as a coloring agent. In the present invention, the magnetic material contained in the magnetic toner includes iron oxides such as magnetite, hematite, and ferrite; metals such as iron, cobalt, and nickel; or aluminum, cobalt, copper, lead, magnesium, and tin of these metals. ,
Examples thereof include alloys of metals such as zinc, antimony, beryllium, bismuth, cadmium, calcium, manganese, selenium, titanium, tungsten and vanadium, and mixtures thereof.

The average particle size of these ferromagnetic materials is 2 μm or less, preferably 0.1 to 0.5 μm. The amount contained in the toner is about 20 to 200 parts by weight, preferably 40 to 150 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the resin component.

The magnetic properties under application of 10 K oersted are as follows: coercive force ratio (Hc) 20 to 300 oersted, saturation magnetization (σs) 50 to 200 emu / g, residual magnetization (σ).
r) 2 to 20 emu / g is preferable.

The colorant that can be used in the toner of the present invention includes any appropriate pigment or dye. As the colorant of the toner, for example, carbon black as a pigment,
Examples include aniline black, acetylene black, naphthol yellow, hansa yellow, rhodamine lake, alizarin lake, red iron oxide, phthalocyanine blue, and indanthrene blue. These are used in an amount necessary and sufficient for maintaining the optical density of the fixed image, and are 0.1 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 0.2 to 10 parts by weight, relative to 100 parts by weight of the resin.
Good addition of parts by weight. Further, a dye is further used for the same purpose. For example, there are azo dyes, anthraquinone dyes, xanthene dyes, methine dyes, etc.
0.1 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 0.
The addition amount of 3 to 10 parts by weight is good.

To prepare the toner for developing an electrostatic image according to the present invention, a binder resin, a wax, a metal salt or a metal complex, a pigment or dye as a colorant, a magnetic substance, and if necessary, a charge control agent, etc. The additives, etc. are thoroughly mixed with a mixer such as a Henschel mixer or a ball mill, and then melt-kneaded with a heat kneader such as a heating roll, a kneader or an extruder to make the resins compatible with each other. Disperse or dissolve compounds, pigments, dyes, magnetic materials,
After cooling and solidification, pulverization and classification can be performed to obtain the toner according to the present invention.

Further, if desired, desired additives may be thoroughly mixed with a mixer such as a Henschel mixer to obtain the toner for developing an electrostatic image according to the present invention.

Next, an example of a developing device suitable for using the toner of the present invention will be described, but the developing device is not limited thereto.

In FIGS. 2 and 3, reference numeral 1 is a latent image holder, and latent image formation is performed by electrophotographic process means or electrostatic recording means (not shown). Reference numeral 2 denotes a developer carrier, which is composed of a non-magnetic sleeve made of aluminum or stainless when a non-magnetic one-component toner is used. When magnetic toner is used, the sleeve containing the magnet is used. As the developer carrying member, a rough tube of aluminum or stainless steel may be used as it is, but preferably, its surface is uniformly roughened by spraying glass beads or the like, a mirror-finished one, or a resin-coated one. Is good. The developer 6 is stored in the hopper 3, and in the case of non-magnetic one-component toner, is supplied onto the developer carrier by the supply roller 4. The supply roller is made of a foam material such as polyurethane foam and rotates in a forward or reverse direction at a relative speed that is not 0 with respect to the developer carrier, and the developer after development on the developer carrier (undeveloped development The agent) is also stripped off (when magnetic toner is used, the supply roller is not used).

The supplied developer is the developer coating blade 5.
It is applied uniformly and in a thin layer. The contact pressure between the developer coating blade and the developer carrying member is 3 to 250 g / cm, preferably 10 to 1 as a linear pressure in the sleeve generatrix direction.
20 g / cm is effective. If the contact pressure is less than 3 g / cm, it becomes difficult to apply the toner uniformly, and the charge amount distribution of the toner becomes broad, causing fog and scattering. Further, if the contact pressure exceeds 250 g / cm, a large pressure is applied to the developer and the external additive of the developer is deteriorated, so that the developer is agglomerated, which is not preferable. In addition, a large torque is required to drive the developer carrier, which is not preferable. As the developer coating blade, it is preferable to use a triboelectrification series material suitable for charging the developer to a desired polarity. For example, to positively charge the developer, silicone rubber, polyurethane, fluororubber,
In order to make polychlorobutadiene rubber or the like negatively charged, if styrene butadiene rubber, nylon or the like is used as a blade, the triboelectric charging efficiency of the developer becomes higher.
Further, by blending silica, resin fine particles and the like, the triboelectric charge imparting property of the blade to the developer can be adjusted. Further, by blending a conductive powder such as carbon or titanium oxide to give the blade proper conductivity, it is possible to prevent the developer from being excessively charged.

[0061]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to specific examples.

Wax A (invention) and wax B (invention) were separated from the hydrocarbons synthesized by the Arge process. Wax C (invention) was fractionated from low-pressure polymerized ethylene using a Ziegler catalyst. The wax obtained by the polymerization of ethylene is designated as wax D (comparative example). Table 1 shows the DSC measurement results of waxes, and Table 2 shows the molecular weight.
Table 3 shows the physical properties.

[0063]

[Table 1]

[0064]

[Table 2]

[0065]

[Table 3] Example 1 Styrene-butyl acrylate copolymer 100 parts by weight Copper phthalocyanine blue pigment 5 parts by weight Compound (1) 0.5 parts by weight Wax (A) 4 parts by weight After premixing the above materials, the temperature was set to 130 ° C. Melt kneading was carried out by an axial kneading extruder. After cooling the kneaded material, it is roughly pulverized, finely pulverized by a pulverizer using a jet stream, and further classified by an air classifier to obtain a weight average particle diameter of 1
A 2.5 μm blue classified product was obtained.

Classified product (M powder) and classified fine powder (F) after classification
The content of the quaternary ammonium compound contained in the powder) was determined by a fluorescent X-ray analyzer. (Converted from sulfur in the quaternary ammonium compound.) The content ratio (classified fine powder: (F) / classified product: (M)) is shown in Table 4.

The liberated quaternary ammonium compound has a fine particle size and is light, so that it is concentrated and contained in a large amount in the classified fine powder during classification. Therefore, if the quaternary ammonium compound is not well dispersed in the toner, free quaternary ammonium compound is generated and the content ratio increases. In Example 1, this value is small and the content of the quaternary ammonium salt is very good. To 100 parts by weight of the classified product obtained here, 1.0 part by weight of positively charged hydrophobic colloidal silica and 0.5 part by weight of polyvinylidene fluoride powder were externally added to obtain a toner.

Various evaluations were carried out using a commercially available electrophotographic copying machine NP-2020 (manufactured by Canon Inc.) in which the developing device was modified as shown in FIGS. The results are shown in Table 4.

(Fixing Property Test) The fixing property was evaluated by a first copy test in a 7.5 ° C. environment. The fixing property was evaluated by rubbing the image with sillbon paper 10 times reciprocatingly under a load of about 100 g, and peeling of the image was evaluated by the reduction rate (%) of reflection density.

(Offset Test) 100 postcards were continuously taken, and immediately thereafter, a copy was made with A4 transfer paper, and the high temperature offset due to the temperature rise at the edges was evaluated by the occurrence of image contamination.

(Durability Test) A durability test of 2000 sheets was conducted in an environment of 32.5 ° C. and 90%, and image density, fog,
Filming, stains on the fixing roller cleaning roller, etc. were evaluated.

(Blocking Test) Approximately 20 g of the developer was put in a 100 cc poly cup and left standing at 50 ° C. for 3 days, and then visually evaluated.

Excellent: No agglomerates are seen Good: Agglomerates are seen but easily collapsed Yes: Agglomerates are seen but collapsed if shaken No: Agglomerates can be grabbed and not easily collapsed Example 2 Styrene -Butyl acrylate copolymer 100 parts by weight Copper phthalocyanine blue pigment 5 parts by weight Compound (1) 0.5 parts by weight Wax (B) 4 parts by weight A developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 using the above materials. The results are shown in Table 4.

Example 3 Styrene-butyl acrylate copolymer 100 parts by weight Copper phthalocyanine blue pigment 5 parts by weight Compound (1) 0.5 parts by weight Wax (C) 4 parts by weight Same as Example 1 using the above materials. Then, a developer was prepared and evaluated, and the results are shown in Table 4.

Example 4 Styrene-butyl acrylate copolymer 100 parts by weight Copper phthalocyanine blue pigment 5 parts by weight Compound (3) 0.5 parts by weight Wax (A) 4 parts by weight In the same manner as in Example 1 using the above materials. Then, a developer was prepared and evaluated, and the results are shown in Table 4.

Example 5 Styrene-butyl acrylate copolymer 100 parts by weight Copper phthalocyanine blue pigment 5 parts by weight Compound (4) 0.5 parts by weight Wax (A) 4 parts by weight In the same manner as in Example 1 except that the above materials were used. Then, a developer was prepared and evaluated, and the results are shown in Table 4.

Example 6 Styrene-butyl acrylate copolymer 100 parts by weight Magnetic iron oxide 80 parts by weight Compound (1) 2.5 parts by weight Wax (C) 4 parts by weight In the same manner as in Example 1 except that the above materials were used. A developer was prepared and evaluated, and the results are shown in Table 4.

Comparative Example 1 Styrene-butyl acrylate copolymer 100 parts by weight Copper phthalocyanine blue pigment 5 parts by weight Compound (1) 0.5 parts by weight Wax (D) 4 parts by weight Same as Example 1 using the above materials. Then, a developer was prepared and evaluated, and the results are shown in Table 4.

Comparative Example 2 Styrene-butyl acrylate copolymer 100 parts by weight Magnetic iron oxide 80 parts by weight Nigrosine 2 parts by weight Wax (C) 4 parts by weight A developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 using the above materials. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0080]

[Table 4]

[0081]

According to the toner of the present invention having the above-mentioned characteristics, it is possible to provide a clear image which is excellent in fixing property, anti-offset property and anti-blocking property and is not affected by environment.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a DS of the wax A according to the present invention when the temperature is raised.
It is a figure which shows a C curve.

FIG. 2 is an example of a preferable developing device when a non-magnetic single-component toner is used.

FIG. 3 is an example of a preferable developing device when a magnetic one-component toner is used.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 latent image carrier 2 developer carrier 3 hopper 4 supply roller 5 developer carrier 6 developer

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Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A toner for developing an electrostatic charge image containing at least a binder resin, a wax and a compound represented by the following general formula (1), wherein the temperature of the wax at the time of temperature rise is a DSC curve measured by a differential scanning calorimeter. The endothermic peak onset temperature is in the range of 50 to 110 ° C, and the temperature is 70 to 120 ° C.
The toner for developing an electrostatic charge image according to claim 1, wherein the wax has at least one endothermic peak at the time of temperature rise in the region of 1. and is a wax sorted by molecular weight. [Chemical 1] (In the formula, R ₁ is a C _{1 to} C ₈ alkyl group, R ₂ and R ₃ are each a C _{1 to} C ₁₈ alkyl group, and R ₄ is C
An alkyl group or a benzyl group ₁ -C _8. )