JPH061142A - Laminated window and its manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To improve workability and service life, and prevent glass from being broken in forming an obscuring area of high durability at a laminated window, by incorporating one or more separate localized areas formed out of a compatible obscuring material in an area requiring obscuration at a middle layer. CONSTITUTION: In manufacturing a laminated window 1 having one or more obscuring areas, an inner board 11 and an outer board 12 for a laminated window 1, one or more separate members 13, 13' formed out of a compatible obscuring material corresponding to an area requiring obscuring capability for a complete laminated window 1, and one or more complement areas 14 formed out of a transparent interlayer material are prepared. The constituent parts are assembled so that the obscuring members 13, 13' and the transparent interlayer material 14 may be sandwiched between the inner board 11 and the outer board 12, and the assembled bodies are bonded to each other to form the laminated window 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to windows, and more particularly to laminated windows incorporating one or more obscuration areas.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Shielding bands around the entire perimeter of a vehicle window or a portion thereof, both for decorative purposes and to protect the adhesive used to fit the window from exposure to ultraviolet radiation and the resulting degradation. It is well known to provide. Such a shielding band is usually made by baking a black ink containing glass frit onto the glass plate before bending the glass plate and optionally tempering it, so that the black ink is The surface is fired to form a durable shielding layer. However, the inventor can burn a black shielding band,
It has been found that manufacturing and performance of laminated windows can be adversely affected.

The presence of a black shielding band around the edge of the glass makes it difficult to form a windshield of complicated shape.
It becomes difficult to maintain an accurate peripheral shape. further,
The shielding band of fired ceramic ink reduces the glass strength in the area of the band and as a result of edge deflection (during in-use or during use) caused by a slight shape mismatch between the window and the inset frame. The risk of premature failure tends to increase.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to improve workability and service life, as well as to overcome the problems associated with providing durable shielded areas in laminated windows.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The inventor has found that in a transparent interlayer material used to form a laminated window, the areas that require shielding are separated by a compatible shielding material, preferably a plastic material. It has been found that the above objectives can be achieved by incorporating local areas.

The present invention provides a laminated window characterized in that the intermediate layer incorporates one or more discrete local areas of compatible shielding material in the areas where shielding is required. To do. Generally, compatible shielding materials are transparent plastic materials mixed with colored dyes or pigments to make them shielding, and usually, but not necessarily,
It is substantially opaque in at least the visible region of the spectrum.

Here, "compatibility" in "compatibility material"
Is used in relation to the material of the intermediate layer with which this material comes into contact and the material which does not have an unacceptably deleterious interaction. The compatible shielding material used in the present invention is conveniently (but not necessarily necessarily) one having the same general chemistry as the surrounding interlayer material in which it is incorporated, for example polyurethane or polyvinyl butyral. It does not have to be), but if this material is thermoplastic, softening of the surrounding interlayer material to prevent existing shielding components from migrating into the surrounding interlayer material during lamination. Those having a softening point higher than the point are preferable. In fact, compatible plastic shielding materials are normally transparent at least 10 ° C above the softening point of the adjacent interlayer material.
It preferably has a high softening point.

In another aspect of the invention, one or two
In manufacturing a laminated window having more than one shielded area,
Inner and outer plates for the laminated window, one or more separate members of compatible shielding material corresponding to areas of the completed laminated window that need to be shielded, and a transparent intermediate layer. Providing one or more complementary areas of material and assembling these components such that the shielding material and the transparent interlayer material are sandwiched between the inner and outer plates; Provided is a method for manufacturing a laminated window, which is characterized in that the assembly is laminated.

It is preferable to select the components so that the transparent intermediate layer material is softened while the shielding material is not softened during bonding, and the bonding is performed at such a temperature.

The transparent interlayer material used in the practice of this invention is usually, but not necessarily, a conventional interlayer material such as polyvinyl butyral or polyurethane. Here, "transparent" is to show the property of the intermediate layer material in the completed laminated window, and does not necessarily mean that the intermediate layer material is transparent when it is not attached.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the examples below. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a driver's window of a railroad locomotive. Window 1 has a bright central visible area 2
And a peripheral shielding band 3. The structure of the window shown in FIG. 1 is clear from FIG. 2, which corresponds to the transparent inner and outer plates 11, 12 and the upper and lower strips of the peripheral shielding band 3 shown in FIG. Members 13 and 13 ^{1 made} of a compatible shielding material and a complementary area 1 made of an intermediate layer material
4 and an additional inner layer 15 and outer layer 16 of intermediate layer material.

In order to manufacture the laminated window for locomotives shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the shielding band 3 is formed, and the upper strip and the lower strip are connected by the side strips as shown in FIG. The frame is a thermoplastic polyurethane sheet having a softening point of 125 ° C. and a thickness of 1.25 mm and having a trade name of “PE129 black” (PE series polyurethane sheet is Morton Thiokol, Chicago, Illinois, USA). Cut out from ink (commercially available from Morton Thiokol Inc.). The complementary area whose shape and dimensions correspond to the inside of the frame is cut out from a transparent thermoplastic polyurethane sheet with a softening point of 110 ° C. and a thickness of 1.25 mm having the trade name “PE193”.

Then, the components for the inner layer 15 and the outer layer 16 made of the intermediate layer material are cut out from a sheet having a thickness of 1.25 mm and having a trade name of "PE193" to form the inner layer 15 and the outer layer 16 respectively. Three polyurethane sheets are stacked so that each of these layers has a thickness of 3.75 mm when assembled. Finally, clear float glass plates, 5 mm and 4 mm thick, respectively, are cut, sized, bent, and annealed to provide the inner and outer plates of the laminated window.

The inner surface of the glass plate (ie, the surface that contacts the intermediate layer in use) is sprayed with 5% A1100 / methylated spirit (A1100 is a commercially available aminosilane adhesion promoter) and the components are painted. As shown in 2, assemble so that the inner and outer plates are almost horizontal,
Excess inner layer is trimmed around the edges of the assembly thus formed. Then, a silicone rubber molding tool (t
ooling) and place a sheet of slip sheet on each side of the assembly and place the assembly with the slip sheet in a polypropylene / melinex bag and evacuate for 1 hour.

The assembly contained in the evacuated polypropylene / merynex bag is placed in an autoclave and heated at 115-120 ° C. for 2 hours under a pressure of 6 bar. After autoclaving, the laminated assembly is allowed to cool, removed from the bag, and the silicone rubber molding tool removed to obtain the laminated window shown in FIG. 1 ready for installation and use. Since the bonding is performed at a temperature lower than the softening point of the shielding polyurethane "PE192 black", the edge formed by the black shielding band remains transparent and has a clear contour, and the product has a point of appearance during use. , The shielding band is virtually indistinguishable from the corresponding prior art product in which the shielding band is baked onto the inner glass sheet.

In addition to eliminating the need to bake onto glass, the present invention not only allows for better shape control during glass formation (especially when forming intricate shapes), but also fired ceramic inks. The weakening effect on the glass associated with the is avoided, the tolerances in fitting the window and the fitting frame are greater, and the expected service life is extended even if an exact fitting is not achieved.

The invention can be used not only when a shielding band is required on the periphery of the window, but also when manufacturing other windows having a shielding area as shown in FIG. 3, for example. Figure 3 shows a destination display window 1 for rail vehicles, the window has a peripheral shielding band 3 ¹ similarly to the driver's window shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, has a more opaque destination panel area 30 , This area bisects the transparent visible area into an upper part 2 ¹ a and a lower part 2 ¹ b. Such a window is constructed similarly to that described above with respect to FIGS.
An insert made of black polyurethane is used across the central area and the complementary area of transparent interlayer material is divided into two separate smaller parts within the frame formed to obtain the shielding band. corresponds to the upper portion 2 ¹ a lower part and 2 ¹ b having a size suitably small considering the insertion member.

In the structure described above for the embodiment,
The compatible shielding material is (a) substantially opaque and (b)
Although sandwiched between the transparent plastic interlayer materials on both sides thereof, neither of these points is essential to the invention. Thus, for example, the present invention is primarily intended for use where substantially opaque areas (i.e. areas having a light transmission of less than 2%) are required, but still have a significant light transmission. I.e. a shielded area with a light transmission of less than or equal to 50%, for example with a light transmission of 5 to 25%, from the sunlight shining in the eyes of the driver, especially the sun occupies a low position in the air. In some cases, the “shade” of the laminated windshield for vehicles configured to protect
It can also be used in the production of de) bands. The present invention can also be used when a shielding layer which is compatible with the intermediate layer is directly sandwiched between the outer glass plates and is in contact with the transparent intermediate layer material only at the edges of this shielding layer. You can

While the present invention is most advantageous when applied to complex curved windows, it can also be used to make flat laminated windows. It should be noted that the above description is focused on the application of the invention to a simple laminated window, i.e. a laminated window in which two plates and one intermediate layer incorporating a compatible shielding material are laminated together. However, the present invention can also be used in the manufacture of more complex laminated windows in which n plates are laminated with n-1 intermediate layers, in which case two or more compatible shielding materials are used. It can be incorporated into the intermediate layer. However, it is usually sufficient, and most convenient, to incorporate a compatible shielding material into one interlayer.

In the above description, the invention has been described with particular reference to windows for rail vehicles, but the invention may also be used to manufacture windows for other land vehicles, including motor vehicles which require windows with shielded areas. be able to.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a rear view of an example of a laminated window of the present invention viewed from the inside of a vehicle.

FIG. 2 is an exploded cross-sectional view of the laminated window of FIG. 1 taken along line II-II.

FIG. 3 is a rear view of another example of the laminated window of the present invention, showing another arrangement of the shielded area, as seen from inside the vehicle.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Laminated window (driver's window) 1 ¹ Laminated window (destination display window) 2 Visible area 2 ¹ a Upper part of visible area 2 ¹ b Lower part of visible area 3,3 ¹ Edge shield band 11 Inner glass plate ( Inner plate) 12 Outer glass plate (outer plate) 13, 13 ¹ Member made of compatible shielding material 14 Complementary area made of intermediate layer material 15 Inner layer made of intermediate layer material 16 Outer layer made of intermediate layer material 30 Opaque destination Display board area

Claims (22)

[Claims] 1. A laminated window, characterized in that the intermediate layer incorporates one or more separate local areas of compatible shielding material in the areas where shielding is required. 2. The laminated window according to claim 1, wherein the compatible shielding material is a transparent plastic material in which a colored dye or pigment is mixed for shielding. 3. The laminated window of claim 2 or 3, wherein the intermediate layer comprises the compatible shielding material and a transparent intermediate layer material, both materials being polyurethane. 4. The compatible shielding material according to claim 1, wherein the compatible shielding material has a softening point at least 10 ° C. higher than a softening point of the adjacent transparent intermediate layer material. Laminated window as described. 5. A laminated window as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the compatible shielding material forms a shielding band around the entire circumference of the window or a part thereof. . 6. The laminated window according to claim 1, wherein the outer plate of the laminated window is made of glass. 7. A laminated window according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the compatible shielding material is sandwiched between the transparent interlayer materials. 8. The laminated window according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the intermediate layer in which the compatible shielding material is incorporated is 3 to 10 mm. 9. The laminated window according to claim 1, wherein the laminated window is a land vehicle window. 10. The laminated window according to claim 9, which is a window for a railroad locomotive or a window for an automobile. 11. In manufacturing a laminated window having one or more shielded areas, an inner plate and an outer plate for the laminated window and an area of the completed laminated window which needs to be shielded. One or more separate members of the corresponding compatible shielding material and one or more complementary areas of the transparent interlayer material are prepared, these components being A method of manufacturing a laminated window, comprising assembling the shielding material and the transparent intermediate layer material so as to be sandwiched between the outer plate and the outer plate, and bonding the assembly. 12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the compatible shielding material is a transparent plastic material in which a colored dye or pigment is mixed for shielding. 13. The laminated window according to claim 12, wherein both the compatible shielding material and the transparent intermediate layer material are polyurethane. 14. The component is selected so that the transparent intermediate layer material softens but the shielding material does not soften during bonding, and the bonding is performed at such a temperature. Item 14. The method according to any one of items 11 to 13. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the compatible shielding material has a softening point that is at least 10 ° C. higher than the softening point of the adjacent transparent interlayer material. 16. The method according to claim 11, wherein the compatible shielding material forms a shielding band around the entire circumference of the window or a part thereof. 17. The method according to claim 11, wherein the outer plate of the laminated window is made of glass. 18. The compatible shielding material is sandwiched between the transparent intermediate layer materials.
17. The method according to any one of item 17. 19. The method according to claim 11, wherein the thickness of the intermediate layer in which the compatible shielding material is incorporated is 3 to 10 mm. 20. The method according to claim 11, wherein the laminated window produced is a land vehicle window. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the laminated window produced is a railroad locomotive window or an automobile window. 22. A laminated window manufactured by the method according to claim 11.