JPH0611089Y2 - Mixing / granulating equipment - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial field of application] The present invention becomes a core by stirring and mixing two or more kinds of powder materials and the like with a binder, and heating these materials to a predetermined temperature. The present invention relates to a mixing / granulating apparatus capable of adhering another powder material to a material with the binder and granulating the material to a predetermined size.

[Conventional technology]

Generally, when a solid material with a homogeneous structure and shape is made from multiple types of powder materials, segregation, compression, improvement of fluidity, etc. are achieved by converting from so-called powder to particles, and at the same time, these powder materials are used. Granules having a high added value are produced by binding or coating with a binder. For example, when press-molding a complex shape using a material such as powder metallurgy or new ceramic, make spherical particles of a certain diameter with the granulating device of the powder material itself, and press this particle. It is generally well known that a good molded product can be obtained by this.

Therefore, conventionally, two or more types of powder materials or
Composite materials such as powdered material and pellets, for example,
Paraffin is mixed as a binder, these are stirred and mixed, and then the paraffin is melted by a heating means, and the composite material is bonded or coated with the binder, for example, a metal or new ceramic product. I was making granules as a raw material for

[Problems to be solved by the device]

In the case of producing the granulated body, first, a plurality of materials were stirred and mixed together with a binder, and then the mixed composite materials were transferred to another granulating device to produce the granulated body. in this case,
As described above, since the apparatus for stirring and mixing the materials and the granulating apparatus must be separately prepared, it is very uneconomical, and at the time of the granulating operation, the materials after stirring and mixing are Since it was once taken out of the mixing device and put into the granulating device, the material that had been thoroughly mixed was taken out,
There was a problem that the mixing balance was lost by re-inputting, which hindered the granulation operation and took time.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, for example, while rotating a rotating drum containing materials to be mixed in a mixing device, this is heated from the outside, and when the binder is paraffin, it is melted and granulated. An apparatus that can perform a granulation operation without using a special granulation apparatus by performing so-called paraffin granulation has been developed. In this case, no granulating device is required, and the labor of transferring the material can be saved, which is economical and the labor is reduced by half. However, in the method of heating the rotary drum from the outside, as a result of heating the rotary drum itself by heating the material, in the paraffin granulation, when the heating temperature of the drum exceeds the melting point of the paraffin,
In most cases, most of the paraffin mixed in the powder material is sequentially melted from the part in contact with the wall surface of the rotating drum and adheres to the wall surface of the rotating drum as the rotating drum rotates. In this case, most of the powder material is still
Since the temperature at which the paraffin is melted has not been reached, it has not been possible to combine a plurality of powder materials. Therefore, in the granulation by heating the rotating drum, the melting of the binder is likely to be non-uniform, and most of it adheres to the wall surface of the drum, and it is difficult to granulate the powder material into particles having a constant diameter. It was very difficult.

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention performs the operation of stirring and mixing a plurality of types of powder materials and the like with a binder, and the granulation operation by attaching another material to the core material through the binder. The purpose of the present invention is to supply a mixing / granulating apparatus that can perform the work to be performed quickly and surely by the same equipment and prevent the binder from adhering to the equipment to improve the quality and productivity of the product.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The present invention rotatably mounts a rotary drum via a friction wheel on a rocking table which is connected to a crank mechanism and rocks like a seesaw, and the rotary drum is made of powder material (including a binder).
It is characterized in that a heating member for heating the above is always attached such that a part of the heating member can come into contact with the material and does not rotate together with the rotary drum.

[Action]

According to the present invention, a plurality of materials such as powders that require granulation are quantitatively stored in a rotating drum, and the rotating drum is rotated by a friction wheel and is rocked like a seesaw by a rocking stand to move the materials. After stirring and mixing, and further after mixing, heating the heating member while rotating and rocking the rotating drum to melt the binder in the material while adhering the powder or binding the powder to each other. Granulate to the required size, and at the time of granulation operation, part of the heating member is impregnated into the stirring and mixing material to accelerate the heating of the material itself, and the binder rotates during granulation. The present invention is characterized in that the powder material is prevented from adhering to the wall surface of the drum and disturbing the granulation, and the powder material can be granulated quickly, easily, and economically.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

1 and 2, 1 is a mixing / granulating apparatus of the present invention, 2 is its rocking platform, which is formed by frame-forming aggregates such as L-shaped steel in a rectangular shape, and its left and right ends (see By supporting the support shaft 3 projecting at the center (in the left-right direction in FIG. 2) through a bearing body mounted on a trapezoidal support frame 5 standing upright on the base 4,
The swing base 2 is swingably attached to the support frame 5 like a seesaw. Reference numeral 6 is attached in the front-back direction (left-right direction in FIG. 1) of the rocking base 2 orthogonal to the direction in which the support shaft 3 projects, and supports the two rotary shafts 7 in parallel with each other and rotatably. In the bearing member, friction wheels 8 and 8a are attached to both ends of the rotary shaft 7, and pulleys 9 and 9'are attached to the central portion, respectively. The electric motor 10 is fastened by a member, and the electric motor 10 and the pulleys 9 and 9'are connected by a belt to rotate the friction wheels 8 and 8a by the electric motor 10. Reference numeral 11 is a crank mechanism for swinging the swing base 2 around the support shaft 3 on the support frame 5, and as shown in FIG. 1, it is mounted on the back surface at one end of the swing base 2 and on the base 4. When the speed reducer 13 is driven by the belt 17 by the electric motor 16, the oscillating base 2 moves up and down in the vertical direction of FIG. Swing like a seesaw (see FIG. 3). Reference numeral 18 denotes, for example, a rotary drum formed in a bottomed tubular shape, and the opening a side at one end thereof is formed in a truncated cone shape, and the rotary drum 18 has the other end as shown in FIG. closure b and a position corresponding to a bottom plate b ₁ the bottom plate b ₁ a drum 18 barrel c covering the outer peripheral cylindrical member c ₁ in fastened to provided a bottomed cylindrical insulation cover body 19 The heat retaining cover body 19 is filled with the heat retaining material 20 and the opening edge is closed by the closing plate d, which is fastened to the outer periphery of the drum 18 by the retaining ring 21. The rotary drum 18 is rotatably mounted on the friction wheels 8 and 8a via the heat insulating cover body 19 while being fixedly supported by the heat insulating cover body 19 by being fixed to the collar piece e. Reference numeral 22 denotes an engaging piece of the heat insulating cover body 19 which is provided around the outer periphery of the heat insulating cover body 19 at a substantially central position in the axial direction thereof, and by engaging an engagement roller 23 mounted on the swing base 2, When the swing base 2 swings, the rotary drum 18 is prevented from sliding down. Reference numeral 24 is a rotary joint attached to the opening a of the rotary drum 18, and as shown in FIG.
Fixed cylinder 26 in which 5 is fitted to the outer periphery and is loosely fitted in the opening a
And a rotary cylinder 27 that is rotatably fitted to the fixed cylinder 26 via a bearing 25 and fixed to the edge of the opening a. The fixed cylinder 26 is positioned inside the rotary drum 18. An air flow pipe 29 having a filter 28 portion attached downward at the center of the upper portion of the drum 18
An electric heater 3 arranged in a meandering manner in the drum 18 in parallel with the axial direction thereof and partially immersed in the granulation material.
0 and a protective pipe f in which one is brought close to the electrothermal heater 30 and the other is electrically insulated from and attached to a protective pipe f accommodating a pair of thermocouples 31 and 31a buried in the granulation material. It is fastened. The flow pipe 29, the lead wire 30a of the electric heater 30, and the lead wire 33 of the thermocouples 31 and 31a pass through the through hole 34 of the fixed cylinder 26 and are located on the outer side of the rotary drum 18 of the fixed cylinder 26. The support plate 35 fixed to the opening surface is pulled outward. Also, the fixed cylinder 2
6, the rotary cylinder 27 fitted through the bearing 25 is in contact with the flange piece g on one end side of the rotary cylinder 18 at the edge of the opening a of the rotary drum 18 with a sealing member such as packing interposed therebetween. The rotary cylinder 27 is detachably attached to the rotary drum 18 by sandwiching g and the edge of the opening a with a known tightening band 36 and tightening this with a tightening member 37. Reference numeral 38 is a stop plate attached to the end of the rotary cylinder 27. 39 is the swing base 2
The lower end is fixed to the upper end and the upper end is a support arm engaged with a rotation stop plate h attached to the flow pipe 29 protruding from the rotary joint 24.
Prevent 6 from spinning.

Next, the electric motors 10 and 16, the electrothermal heater 30, and the thermocouples 31 and 31a for measuring the temperature of the granulation material X are respectively connected to the control device 40 described below and drive-controlled. FIG. 5 is an electric circuit diagram of the control device 40. In FIG. 5, the electric motors 10 and 16 are connected to the power supply 41 via the main contacts n ₁ and n ₂ of the relays M ₁ and M ₂ , respectively. The heater 30 is turned on / off by a control signal from the main contact n ₃ of the relay M ₃ and the electronic temperature controller TH ₁ .
For example, it is connected in series to the power supply 41 via a non-contact relay R ₁ including a three-terminal bidirectional thyristor (triac). A thermocouple 31 for measuring the surface temperature of the electric heater 30 is connected to the electronic temperature controller TH _1, and a thermocouple 31a for measuring the temperature of the granulation material X is connected to the electronic temperature controller TH _2. Each temperature controller TH ₁ , TH ₂
Are respectively connected to the recorder THR to record the respective measured temperatures. Further, PB ₁ is a start switch of the electric motor 10, PB ₂ is its stop switch, PB ₃ is a start switch of the electric motor 16, and PB ₄ is its stop switch. PB ₅ indicates a start switch of the electric heater 30,
B ₆ is the stop switch. Further, relays X _{1 to} X ₃ are individually inserted and connected to the respective energizing circuits of the start switches PB ₁ , PB ₃ and PB ₅ which are connected in parallel to the power source 41, and x _{1 to} x ₃ are connected to the relays. It is a relay for self-holding. Further, the auxiliary contact x ₃₁ of the relay X ₃ is inserted and connected between the contactless relay R ₁ and the electronic temperature controller TH _1, and similarly the auxiliary contact x ₃₂ of the relay X ₃ is inserted in the energizing circuit of the recorder THR. ing.

Note that T is a timer for setting the energization time of the electric motors 10 and 16 and the electric heater 30, t ₁ is its auxiliary contact, and PB ₇ is a stop switch for stopping the control device 40.

Next, the operation will be described.

First, for example, when granulating a glass powder used as one of molding materials for new ceramics, that is, so-called paraffin granulation using paraffin as a binder is described.

First, the tightening band 36 of the rotary drum 18 is loosened and the rotary joint 24 is taken out from the opening a. In this state, glass powder and paraffin are put in appropriate amounts with the opening a facing upward. As shown in FIG. 4, when the electric heater 30 is housed in the rotary drum 18, the charging amount of the heater 30
The lower half and the thermocouple 31a are embedded in the granulation material X. After the granulation material X is charged, members such as the electric heater 30 attached to the lid 32 side of the rotary joint 24 are housed in the rotary drum 18 through the opening a, and the flange of the rotary cylinder 27 of the rotary joint 24 is accommodated. g is brought into contact with the edge of the opening a, the tightening band 36 is tightened again, and the rotary joint 24 is clamped and fixed in the opening a of the rotary drum 18. Next, electronic temperature controller T
H ₁ is operated to set the surface temperature (about 170 ° C.) of the electric heater 30 detected by the thermocouple 31. On the other hand, since the thermocouple 31a side only detects the temperature of the granulation material X, the material temperature is not set by the electronic temperature controller TH ₂ in this embodiment.

After performing the above preparatory work, start switch PB
₁ , PB ₃ are sequentially turned on, and relays M ₁ , M ₂ , X ₁ , X
₂ , the timer T is energized, the main contacts n ₁ , n ₂ etc. are closed and the electric motors 10, 16 are started. As a result, the rotary drum 18 has the friction wheels 8 and 8a via the heat insulating cover body 19.
Then, the crank mechanism 11 starts rotation / swing, and the glass powder, which is the granulation material X in the rotary drum 18, and paraffin are stirred and mixed. (See FIG. 3) When the stirring and mixing operation of the granulation material is sufficiently performed,
The startup switch PB ₅ is turned on, the relays X ₃ and M ₃ are energized, their auxiliary contacts x ₃₁ , x ₃₂ and n ₃ are closed, the start of the electronic temperature controller TH ₁ and the recorder THR is started, and at the same time the electric heating is performed. The energizing circuit of the heater 30 is closed, and the heater 3
Energization to 0 is started. In addition, the start switches PB ₁ and P
When B ₃ and PB ₅ are turned on, each of the starting switches P
The B _{1, PB} 3, _{PB 5} relay _{X 1,} X 2, each self-holding relays _x 1 of _{X 3, x 2, x 3} , time closing operation set by the timer T is continued.

When energization of the electrothermal heater 30 is started, the granulation material X in contact with the heater 30 is gradually heated. In this case, the rotary drum 18 includes the electric motor 10, the crank mechanism 11
Since the granulated material X is rotated and rocked at, the granulated material X is scraped up and dropped in the rotary drum 18, and is reciprocated in the axial direction of the rotary drum 18. The entire material can be heated at a substantially uniform temperature without heating only the granulated material X in the immersed portion. Further, since the rotating drum 18 itself is gradually heated by the heat generated from the electric heater 30 and the indirect heating via the granulating material X, the granulating material X is sequentially heated from the inside and the outside. Also becomes.

Then, when the paraffin mixed in the glass powder reaches the melting temperature, the paraffin in the glass powder gradually melts out, and while the glass powder around the paraffin is attached, the granular aggregates are individually made. On the other hand, the rotary drum 18
As described above, since the rotating and rocking motions are repeated, a part of the glass powder comes into direct contact with the electric heater 30,
The paraffin tries to adhere to the heater 30. But,
Since the electric heater 30 is set to a temperature (about 170 ° C.) close to the boiling point of the paraffin itself, every time the glass powder moving in the rotary drum 18 is in contact with the electric heater 30, it is scraped off. It falls into the material, and the powders are aggregated and adhered to form a granule. This also applies to the portion of the electric heater 30 that is immersed in the glass powder. On the other hand, the temperature of the rotary drum 18 is mainly the granulation material X.
Since it is an indirect heating via the heat exchanger, it is almost never higher than the material X.
Since the temperature is maintained at 0, paraffin is unlikely to adhere to the rotary drum 18 during the granulation of the glass powder. Further, since the inside of the rotary drum 18 is communicated with the outside through the flow pipe 29, the air layer in the drum 18 does not have to have a high temperature and can be maintained at a temperature suitable for granulation. Become. Moreover, the filter 2 is attached to the distribution pipe 29.
Since 8 is attached, glass powder is not discharged to the outside of the rotary drum 18 together with hot air during granulation.

Thus, when the binder reaches its melting temperature, the powders gradually gather and adhere to each other via the binder, and in this state, as the rotating / swinging motion of the rotating drum 18 continues, the rotating drum 18 continues to rotate. While rolling inside 18, spherical particles with a constant diameter are successively produced. That is, the glass powder is granulated by the binding force of the binder.

The granulation time is set in advance by the timer T, and when the set time of the timer T elapses, the auxiliary setting t ₁
Opens, and the power to the electric motors 10 and 16 and the electric heater 30 is cut off. This completes the granulation operation of the glass powder.
In addition, an abnormal situation (for example, electric heater 30
When the temperature control of the
By operating the emergency stop switch PB ₇ , the electric motors 10, 16,
Turn off the electric heater 30 and investigate the cause.

After the mixing / granulation work is completed, the tightening band 36 is loosened to release the clamped joint between the rotary joint 24 and the opening a of the rotary drum 18 in the same manner as when the granulation material X is charged, and the rotation is started from the opening a. The joint 24 is removed and members such as the electric heater 30 are pulled out from the inside of the rotary drum 18. After that, the heat insulating cover body 19 is held by hand, and the granules are taken out with the opening a facing downward. As described above, the granulated product is reliably granulated with the powder particles bound together by the interposition of the binder, so that the granulated product can be transported without being separated by vibration during transportation, etc. In press molding, it can be used as a good raw material for a molded product.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to an example in which glass powder is granulated, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, fine powder such as carbon black, which has a relatively light powder itself, is difficult to handle, and packaging, storage, transportation, etc. Therefore, the handling becomes much more convenient by performing the above granulation operation.

Next, when adhering the powder material to a finely crushed material such as resin pellets, the crushed material, the powder material, and the binder (paraffin) are mixed first, and then the electric heater is energized to apply the viscous material. The binder is melted and the crushed material and the powder material are attached. In this case, if the crushed material is made of resin, as the material itself is heated, and the crushed material rolls in the drum, the crushed material gradually becomes rounded as the material rotates. The powder material can be adhered to the peripheral surface with a uniform thickness and granulated into a spherical shape.

Furthermore, in the case of food granulation, the powder to be granulated is housed in the rotary drum 18, and the binder liquid is added using the flow pipe 29 (the filter 28 is removed in advance) while stirring and mixing the powder material. An appropriate amount of the powder material is dropped and the liquid is crosslinked to granulate the food. After the granulation, the electric heater 30 is energized, and the granulated product is dried while rotating and rocking the rotary drum 18 at a temperature at which the granulated product is not destroyed.

Although the present invention has been described with respect to the mechanism for rotating and swinging the rotary drum 18, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be only a mechanism for performing a rotary motion. Further, the electric heater 30 may be arranged in a spiral shape, or, instead of this, a hot water pipe for passing hot water may be provided to serve as a heating member.

[Effect of device]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects.

In the present invention, when performing the granulation operation of the granulated material after stirring and mixing, the electrothermal heater disposed in the rotary drum is configured to directly heat the granulated material so that the granulated material can be granulated. Granulation operation can be performed quickly and easily with little energy.

In the above granulation operation, the electric heater is arranged inside the rotary drum with the base fixed to a fixed cylinder forming one of the rotary joints, and the fixed cylinder is rotatable around its outer circumference. The rotary cylinder forming the other of the rotary joints fitted to the is supported by being detachably fixed to the opening of the rotary drum, and the fixed cylinder itself cooperates with the rotary cylinder. Instead, it is detachably connected to a supporting arm whose one end is fixed to a rocking table. Since it is possible to stir, the granulating material can be directly heated, and this also serves as a stirring blade. As a result, the granulating material can be used for two functions of mixing and granulating with one machine. , Ie, stirring and mixing and granulation Promptly and satisfactorily two tasks, moreover, it is convenient because it can be performed economically.

Further, although the electric heater has the base fixed to the fixed cylinder as described above, the rotary cylinder fitted to the fixed cylinder has a structure that is detachably attached to the opening of the rotary drum. Since the cylinder can be easily removed from the opening of the rotating drum by removing it from the rotating drum, even if the surface of the electric heater becomes dirty due to the adhering of the granulation material, the electric heater can be easily removed from the rotating drum by cleaning liquid etc. Since it can be washed, when changing the granulation material,
It is possible to surely solve the problem that the substance adhering to the electric heater mixes with the granulation material for the next granulation operation.

Moreover, unlike the conventional case where the rotary drum is directly heated, the rotary drum is covered with a heat insulating cover body filled with a heat insulating material and is mounted on the friction vehicle. Since the indirect heating method is adopted via the granulated material, the rotating drum is not heated at a temperature higher than that of the granulating material. There is no lack of smoothness in rotation of the rotating drum due to heat generated by the friction wheel heating the rotating drum, and smooth and good granulation operation can be performed. it can.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a longitudinal section of a main part of the device of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a side view of the same as above, FIG. 3 is a front view showing an embodiment of an operating state, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the inside of a heat insulating cover body and a rotary drum by cutting them longitudinally, and FIG. It is a schematic electric circuit diagram. 2. Swing table, 8.8a friction wheel 18, rotary drum, 19, heat insulation cover body 24, rotary joint, 30, heating member

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A rotary drum in which an electrically driven friction wheel is rotatably mounted on an oscillating table, and a rotary drum containing contents such as powder material is placed on the friction wheel and rotated to rotate the rotary drum. In the device adapted to stir and mix the contents in the inside, the rotary drum is formed into a bottomed cylindrical shape, and an opening at one end thereof has a through hole in the center thereof and one of the openings has a through hole. A rotary joint consisting of a fixed cylinder with its ends loosely engaged and a rotary cylinder rotatably fitted to the outer periphery of the fixed cylinder is detachably fixed via the rotary cylinder to fix the rotary joint. On the one opening surface located inside the rotating drum, a lid body attached with an electric heater placed inside the rotating drum with part of the contents immersed in the contents is fixed to the cylinder, and the other of the fixed cylinder Attach the support plate to the opening surface of the with the lead wire of the electrothermal heater pulled out from the through hole. The support plate and a rocking table equipped with a friction wheel are detachably connected by a support arm that prevents the fixed cylinder from rotating, and the outer periphery of a rotary drum mounted on the friction wheel is further connected. A mixing / granulating device characterized in that a heat insulating cover body filled with a heat insulating material is surrounded.