JPH06104421B2 - Four-wheel drive work vehicle - Google Patents
Four-wheel drive work vehicleInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06104421B2 JPH06104421B2 JP3473189A JP3473189A JPH06104421B2 JP H06104421 B2 JPH06104421 B2 JP H06104421B2 JP 3473189 A JP3473189 A JP 3473189A JP 3473189 A JP3473189 A JP 3473189A JP H06104421 B2 JPH06104421 B2 JP H06104421B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- front wheel
- drive
- speed
- transmission
- state
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は農用トラクタに代表される四輪駆動型作業車に
おいて、特に前輪の変速構造に関する。The present invention relates to a four-wheel drive type work vehicle represented by an agricultural tractor, and more particularly to a front wheel shift structure.
通常の四輪駆動型の作業車においては前輪と後輪の駆動
速度は等しくなるように設定されているが、近年では前
輪への動力を変速する前輪変速装置を装備した作業車の
１つである農用トラクタに現れてきており、この構成の
一例が実開昭63−194030号公報に開示されている。In a normal four-wheel drive type work vehicle, the driving speeds of the front wheels and the rear wheels are set to be equal, but in recent years, it is one of the work vehicles equipped with a front wheel transmission that shifts the power to the front wheels. It appears in a certain agricultural tractor, and an example of this structure is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 63-194030.
この開示されている前輪変速装置は、後輪駆動速度と略
等しい駆動速度で伝動する標準駆動状態と、後輪駆動速
度より大きい駆動速度で伝動する増速駆動状態の二状態
に切換可能に構成されており、通常の直進時には標準駆
動状態で走行する。そして、旋回時に前輪変速装置が増
速駆動側に切換操作されて機体前部が旋回方向に積極的
に引張られて行き、軟弱な地面でも比較的容易に急旋回
が行えるようになっている（以下この状態を倍速入り状
態と呼称する）。これにより、前輪の最大操向角度を大
きくすることが可能となり、最小旋回半径をより小さな
ものとすることができるのである。The disclosed front wheel transmission is configured to be switchable between two states: a standard drive state in which the drive speed is substantially equal to the rear wheel drive speed, and an increased drive state in which the drive speed is higher than the rear wheel drive speed. When driving in a straight line, the vehicle runs in the standard drive state. Then, when turning, the front wheel transmission is switched to the speed-increasing drive side, the front part of the machine body is positively pulled in the turning direction, and a sharp turn can be relatively easily performed even on soft ground ( Hereinafter, this state is referred to as a double speed state). As a result, the maximum steering angle of the front wheels can be increased, and the minimum turning radius can be made smaller.
開示されている構成においては、旋回時に前輪変速装置
が増速駆動側に切換操作されずに標準駆動状態を維持す
る倍速切り状態にも切換可能であるため、この倍速切り
状態で前述のような倍速入り状態と同様に前輪を最大操
向角度近くまで操向操作して旋回しようとすると、旨く
旋回できずに前輪で土を押してしまうような現象が生じ
てしまう。これは、通常の四輪駆動状態（倍速切り状
態）において円滑な旋回が可能な前輪の最大操向角度よ
り、倍速入り状態での円滑な旋回が可能な前輪の最大操
向角度の方が一般に大であるからである。In the disclosed configuration, since the front wheel transmission is not switched to the speed-increasing drive side at the time of turning, it is possible to switch to the double-speed cut state in which the standard drive state is maintained. Similar to the double speed state, if the front wheels are steered to a steering angle close to the maximum steering angle and try to turn, a phenomenon occurs in which the front wheels cannot push well and the soil is pushed. This is generally the maximum steering angle of the front wheels that allows smooth turning in the double-speed entry state, rather than the maximum steering angle of the front wheels that allows smooth turning in the normal four-wheel drive state (double-speed cut state). Because it is large.
ここで本発明は前述のような問題に着目してなされたも
のであり、倍速切り状態においても円滑な旋回が行える
ように構成することを目的としている。Here, the present invention has been made by paying attention to the above-mentioned problems, and an object thereof is to configure so that smooth turning can be performed even in a double speed cutting state.
本発明の特徴は以上のような四輪駆動型作業車におい
て、前輪の最大操向限度を狭める最大操向角度制限手段
を備えると共に、前輪変速装置と前輪操向機構との連係
を解除側に切換自在とし、この連係解除側への切換操作
に連動して前記最大操向角度制限手段が角度狭小制限側
に作動するように連係してあることにあり、その作用及
び効果は次のとおりである。A feature of the present invention is that in the four-wheel drive type work vehicle as described above, the maximum steering angle limiting means for narrowing the maximum steering limit of the front wheels is provided, and the linkage between the front wheel transmission and the front wheel steering mechanism is released. The maximum steering angle limiting means is linked so that the maximum steering angle limiting means operates in the angle narrowing limiting side in conjunction with the switching operation to the linkage releasing side. The action and effect are as follows. is there.
前述のように前輪変速装置と前輪操向機構との連係解除
側（倍速切り状態側）への操作に連動して、前輪の最大
操向限度が狭められると、前輪の操向可能な範囲を連係
解除側（倍速切り状態側）において円滑な旋回が行える
範囲内に収めることが可能となるのである。つまり、連
係解除側（倍速切り状態側）では、円滑な旋回を行える
範囲以上に前輪を操向操作できないことになるのであ
る。As described above, when the maximum steering limit of the front wheels is narrowed in conjunction with the operation of the front wheel transmission and the front wheel steering mechanism to the side of releasing the linkage (the double speed cut state side), the steerable range of the front wheels is reduced. Therefore, it is possible to set the distance within the range where smooth turning can be performed on the side of releasing the linkage (on the side of the double speed cutting state). In other words, on the disengagement side (double speed cut state side), it is impossible to steer the front wheels beyond the range where smooth turning is possible.
以上のように、旋回時に前輪が増速駆動される倍速切り
状態と旋回時でも前輪が増速駆動されない倍速切り状態
に切換自在な四輪駆動型作業車において、倍速切り状態
での旋回を土押し等なしに円滑良好に行えるようにな
り、旋回性能が向上した。As described above, in a four-wheel drive work vehicle that can be switched between a double-speed cutting state in which the front wheels are driven to accelerate during turning and a double-speed cutting state in which the front wheels are not driven to increase even in turning, the turning in the double-speed cutting state is It has become possible to smoothly and satisfactorily perform without pushing etc., and the turning performance has been improved.
以下、本発明の実施例を四輪駆動型作業車の１つである
農用トラクタにより、図面に基づいて説明する。An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings using an agricultural tractor which is one of four-wheel drive type work vehicles.
第４図及び第１図に示すように、前輪（１）及び後輪
（２）で支持された機体の前部にエンジン（３）、後部
にミッションケース（４）が搭載されて四輪駆動型の農
用トラクタが構成されており、エンジン（３）からの動
力はミッションケース（４）内の主変速装置及び副変速
装置（以下図示せず）で変速され後輪（２）に伝達され
ると共に、後輪デフ軸（５）の第１伝動ギヤ（６）から
第２伝動ギヤ（７）を介して分岐した動力は前輪変速装
置（８）に伝達され、前輪出力軸（９）から前輪（１）
に伝達されるように構成している。As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 1, the engine (3) is mounted on the front part of the airframe supported by the front wheels (1) and the rear wheels (2), and the mission case (4) is mounted on the rear part of the airframe to drive the four wheels. A type of agricultural tractor is configured, and the power from the engine (3) is transmitted to the rear wheels (2) after being shifted by a main transmission device and an auxiliary transmission device (not shown below) in the mission case (4). At the same time, the power branched from the first transmission gear (6) of the rear wheel differential shaft (5) via the second transmission gear (7) is transmitted to the front wheel transmission (8), and the power is transmitted from the front wheel output shaft (9) to the front wheel. (1)
It is configured to be transmitted to.
次に、前輪変速装置（８）について詳述すると第１図に
示すように、前記第２伝動ギヤ（７）に咬み合う標準ギ
ヤ（10）が前輪出力軸（９）に相対回転自在に外嵌され
ると共に、標準ギヤ（10）からの動力が第３伝動ギヤ
（11）、伝動軸（12）、第４伝動ギヤ（13）を介して、
前輪出力軸（９）に相対回転自在に外嵌された増速ギヤ
（14）に伝達される。そして、前輪出力軸（９）と標準
ギヤ（10）との間に第１油圧クラッチ（15）、前輪出力
軸（９）と増速ギヤ（14）との間に第２油圧クラッチ
（16）が設けられているのである。Next, the front wheel transmission (8) will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 1, the standard gear (10) meshing with the second transmission gear (7) is rotatably externally attached to the front wheel output shaft (9). When fitted, the power from the standard gear (10) passes through the third transmission gear (11), the transmission shaft (12) and the fourth transmission gear (13),
It is transmitted to the speed increasing gear (14) fitted to the front wheel output shaft (9) so as to be relatively rotatable. A first hydraulic clutch (15) is provided between the front wheel output shaft (9) and the standard gear (10), and a second hydraulic clutch (16) is provided between the front wheel output shaft (9) and the speed increasing gear (14). Is provided.
以上の構造により、第１油圧クラッチ（15）を入り操作
すると、前後輪（１），（２）が略同速度で駆動される
のであり、第２油圧クラッチ（16）を入り操作すると、
前輪（１）が後輪（２）よりも高速で駆動される増速駆
動状態で前輪（１）に動力伝達されて行くのである。With the above structure, when the first hydraulic clutch (15) is engaged and operated, the front and rear wheels (1) and (2) are driven at substantially the same speed. When the second hydraulic clutch (16) is engaged and operated,
Power is transmitted to the front wheels (1) in a speed-up drive state in which the front wheels (1) are driven at a higher speed than the rear wheels (2).
次に、前輪変速装置（８）における第１及び第２油圧ク
ラッチ（15），（16）への作動油供給構造について詳述
すると、第１図に示すようにポンプ（17）からの作動油
は３位置切換式で電磁駆動型の制御弁（18）を介して供
給されている。そして、前輪（１）のナックルアーム
（19）とタイロッド（20）を介して連動連結されたピッ
トマンアーム（21）に対して、ピットマンアーム（21）
の角度を検出するポテンショメータ（22）が取り付けら
れ、ポテンショメータ（22）からの信号が制御装置（2
3）に入力されている。Next, the working oil supply structure for the first and second hydraulic clutches (15) and (16) in the front wheel transmission (8) will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 1, the working oil from the pump (17) is used. Is supplied via a control valve (18) of three-position switching type and electromagnetically driven type. Then, the pitman arm (21) is interlocked with the knuckle arm (19) of the front wheel (1) through the tie rod (20), and the pitman arm (21)
The potentiometer (22) that detects the angle of the
It has been entered in 3).
以上の構成により第２図に示すように前輪（１）の操向
角度、つまりピットマンアーム（21）の角度が中央から
左右に設定角度（θ１）の範囲内で操作している場合に
は、前輪変速装置（８）は第１油圧クラッチ（15）入状
態に操作されているのであり、ピットマンアーム（21）
を設定角度（θ１）以上に操作すると前輪変速装置
（８）が第２油圧クラッチ（16）入状態に操作されて前
輪増速状態が現出されるのである。そして、ピットマン
アーム（21）の最大操向限度が（θ２）に設定されてい
る。With the above configuration, as shown in FIG. 2, when the steering angle of the front wheel (1), that is, the angle of the pitman arm (21) is operating within the range of the set angle (θ 1 ) from the center to the left and right, Since the front wheel transmission (8) is operated with the first hydraulic clutch (15) engaged, the pitman arm (21)
Is operated over the set angle (θ 1 ), the front wheel transmission (8) is operated to the second hydraulic clutch (16) engaged state, and the front wheel speed increasing state appears. The maximum steering limit of the pitman arm (21) is set to (θ 2 ).
次に、ピットマンアーム（21）の最大操向限度（θ２）
を狭める構成について詳述すると第１図及び第２図に示
すように、切換レバー（24）が備えられその操作位置が
制御装置（23）に入力されている。この切換レバー（2
4）を倍速入位置に操作しておくと旋回時に前述のよう
な前輪増速状態が現出されるのであり、切換レバー（2
4）を倍速切位置に操作しておくと旋回時に前輪増速状
態が現出されず通常の四輪駆動状態を維持するのであ
る。Next, the maximum steering limit (θ 2 ) of the pitman arm (21)
A detailed description will be given of the configuration for narrowing the switch, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. This switching lever (2
If the 4) is operated to the double speed entry position, the above-mentioned front wheel speed increasing state will appear when turning, and the switching lever (2
If 4) is operated to the double speed cut position, the front wheel speed-up state does not appear during turning and the normal four-wheel drive state is maintained.
そして、ピットマンアーム（21）に対して正面視門型の
牽制部材（25）が上下動自在に支持され、この牽制部材
（25）と切換レバー（24）とがワイヤ（26）を介して連
動連結されている。第１図は切換レバー（24）を倍速入
位置に操作している状態で牽制部材（25）が上方に持ち
上げられており、ピットマンアーム（21）が最大操向限
度（θ２）まで操向操作できる状態である。そして、切
換レバー（24）を倍速切位置に操作すると、バネ（35）
の付勢力により牽制部材（25）が下降して第２図に示す
ようにピットマンアーム（21）の動作軌跡内に入り込
む。これにより、ピットマンアーム（21）の最大操向限
度（θ２）が（θ１）に狭められるのである。A front view gate type restraint member (25) is vertically movably supported on the pitman arm (21), and the restraint member (25) and the switching lever (24) are interlocked via a wire (26). It is connected. FIG. 1 shows that the check member (25) is lifted upward while the switching lever (24) is operated to the double speed entry position, and the pitman arm (21) is operated up to the maximum steering limit (θ 2 ). It can be operated. When the switch lever (24) is moved to the double speed cut position, the spring (35)
The restraining member (25) descends due to the urging force of and moves into the movement locus of the pitman arm (21) as shown in FIG. As a result, the maximum steering limit (θ 2 ) of the pitman arm (21) is narrowed to (θ 1 ).
又、第３図及び第４図に示すように前輪出力軸（９）に
はカバー（27）が設けられておりその構造について詳述
すると、このカバー（27）は前輪変速装置（８）側のパ
イプ（27a）に対して前輪（１）側のパイプ（27b）を挿
入し、ワイヤバンド（27c）で締め付けたような構造を
している。Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the front wheel output shaft (9) is provided with a cover (27), and the structure thereof will be described in detail. This cover (27) is located on the front wheel transmission (8) side. The pipe (27b) on the front wheel (1) side is inserted into the pipe (27a) and is tightened with the wire band (27c).
第５図に示すように前車軸ケース（28）に沿ってスライ
ド自在に楔状の牽制部材（29）を取り付けると共に、こ
の牽制部材（29）と切換レバー（24）とをプッシュフル
ワイヤ（30）を介して連動連結してもよい。これによ
り、切換レバー（24）を倍速切位置に操作すると牽制部
材（29）がナックルアーム（19）の内側に入り込んで前
輪（１）の最大操向限度を狭めるのである。As shown in FIG. 5, a wedge-shaped check member (29) is attached slidably along the front axle case (28), and the check member (29) and the switching lever (24) are pushed together by a push full wire (30). You may interlock and connect via. Thus, when the switching lever (24) is operated to the double speed cut position, the check member (29) enters the inside of the knuckle arm (19) and narrows the maximum steering limit of the front wheel (1).
第６図に示すように、前輪（１）を支持する前輪支持ケ
ース（31）付近の軸芯（Ｐ１）周りに揺動自在に牽制部
材（32）を取り付け、この牽制部材（32）と切換レバー
（24）とをワイヤ（33）を介して連動連結してもよい。
これにより、切換レバー（24）を倍速切位置に操作する
と、前輪支持ケース（31）の動作軌跡内に牽制部材（3
2）が入り込んで前輪（１）の最大操向限度を狭めるの
である。又、バネ（34）は切換レバー（24）を倍速入位
置に操作した場合に牽制部材（32）を前輪支持ケース
（31）の動作軌跡外に戻すものである。As shown in FIG. 6, a check member (32) is swingably attached around an axis (P 1 ) near the front wheel support case (31) for supporting the front wheel (1), and the check member (32) The switching lever (24) may be interlockingly connected via a wire (33).
As a result, when the switching lever (24) is operated to the double speed cut position, the restraining member (3
2) enters and narrows the maximum steering limit of the front wheel (1). Further, the spring (34) returns the check member (32) to the outside of the operation locus of the front wheel support case (31) when the switching lever (24) is operated to the double speed entry position.
尚、特許請求の範囲の項に図面との対照を便利にする為
に符号を記すが、該記入により本発明は添付図面の構造
に限定されるものではない。It should be noted that reference numerals are added to the claims for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the structures of the accompanying drawings by the entry.
図面は本発明に係る四輪駆動型作業車の実施例を示し、
第１図は前輪変速装置と前輪操向機構との連係状態を示
す図、第２図はピットマンアーム付近の平面図、第３図
は前輪出力軸のカバー構造を示す縦断側面図、第４図は
農用トラクタの全体側面図、第５図は第１別実施例にお
けるナックルアーム付近の平面図、第６図は第２別実施
例における前輪支持ケース付近の背面図である。 （１）……前輪、（８）……前輪変速装置。The drawings show an embodiment of a four-wheel drive type working vehicle according to the present invention,
FIG. 1 is a view showing a state in which a front wheel transmission and a front wheel steering mechanism are linked, FIG. 2 is a plan view near a pitman arm, FIG. 3 is a vertical side view showing a cover structure of a front wheel output shaft, and FIG. FIG. 5 is an overall side view of the agricultural tractor, FIG. 5 is a plan view near the knuckle arm in the first alternative embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a rear view near the front wheel support case in the second alternative embodiment. (1) ... front wheel, (8) ... front wheel transmission.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 高田 富美男 大阪府堺市石津北町64番地 久保田鉄工株 式会社堺製造所内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭63−110030（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭63−194030（ＪＰ，Ａ) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Tomio Takada 64, Ishizukita-machi, Sakai City, Osaka Prefecture Kubota Iron Works Co., Ltd. Sakai Works (56) Reference JP 63-110030 (JP, A) JP Sho 63 -194030 (JP, A)
Claims (1)
る標準駆動状態と、後輪駆動速度より大きい駆動速度で
伝動する増速駆動状態とに切換可能な前輪変速装置
（８）を操向操作自在な前輪（１）への伝動系に設ける
と共に、前輪操向機構と前輪変速装置（８）とを連係さ
せて直進状態から設定角度以上の操向操作により前輪変
速装置（８）が増速駆動側に切換操作されるように構成
してある四輪駆動型作業車であって、前輪（１）の最大
操向限度を狭める最大操向角度制限手段を備えると共
に、前記前輪変速装置（８）と前輪操向機構との連係を
解除側に切換自在とし、この連係解除側への切換操作に
連動して前記最大操向角度制限手段が角度狭小制限側に
作動するように連係してある四輪駆動型作業車。1. A front wheel transmission (8) capable of switching between a standard drive state in which a drive speed is substantially equal to a rear wheel drive speed and an increased drive state in which a drive speed is higher than a rear wheel drive speed. The front wheel transmission (8) is installed in a power transmission system to the front wheel (1) which can be operated in any direction, and the front wheel steering mechanism and the front wheel transmission (8) are linked to each other so that the front wheel transmission (8) is operated by a steering operation from a straight-ahead state over a set angle A four-wheel drive work vehicle configured to be switched to a speed-increasing drive side, comprising a maximum steering angle limiting means for narrowing a maximum steering limit of front wheels (1), and the front wheel transmission device. The linkage between (8) and the front wheel steering mechanism can be freely switched to the release side, and the maximum steering angle limiting means is linked so as to operate on the angle narrowing side in conjunction with the switching operation to the linkage releasing side. There is a four-wheel drive work vehicle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3473189A JPH06104421B2 (en) | 1989-02-14 | 1989-02-14 | Four-wheel drive work vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3473189A JPH06104421B2 (en) | 1989-02-14 | 1989-02-14 | Four-wheel drive work vehicle |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02216324A JPH02216324A (en) | 1990-08-29 |
| JPH06104421B2 true JPH06104421B2 (en) | 1994-12-21 |
Family
ID=12422459
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3473189A Expired - Lifetime JPH06104421B2 (en) | 1989-02-14 | 1989-02-14 | Four-wheel drive work vehicle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH06104421B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4769018B2 (en) * | 2005-05-16 | 2011-09-07 | 株式会社クボタ | Work vehicle |
-
1989
- 1989-02-14 JP JP3473189A patent/JPH06104421B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH02216324A (en) | 1990-08-29 |
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