JPH059472B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH059472B2
JPH059472B2 JP58175715A JP17571583A JPH059472B2 JP H059472 B2 JPH059472 B2 JP H059472B2 JP 58175715 A JP58175715 A JP 58175715A JP 17571583 A JP17571583 A JP 17571583A JP H059472 B2 JPH059472 B2 JP H059472B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
lead
core
sintered body
carbon
writing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP58175715A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS6067578A (en
Inventor
Itsuo Arisawa
Joji Kojima
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pilot Precision KK
Original Assignee
Pilot Precision KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pilot Precision KK filed Critical Pilot Precision KK
Priority to JP17571583A priority Critical patent/JPS6067578A/en
Publication of JPS6067578A publication Critical patent/JPS6067578A/en
Publication of JPH059472B2 publication Critical patent/JPH059472B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

この発明は、焼成黒鉛芯の強度を有し、筆跡が
鮮明で、かつ筆跡の定着性に優れ、手や定規の擦
過による汚れを改善し、特に製図フイルム用とし
て好適に用いられる鉛芯に関するものである。 製図用フイルムは、ポリエステル等のフイルム
ベースの表面を加工して筆記可能としたものであ
り耐薬品性、耐湿性、耐熱性にすぐれ、かつ丈夫
で破損し難いなどの数々の利点を有している製図
用紙である。この製図用フイルムに、従来からの
焼成黒鉛芯を用いて筆記した場合、筆記線が鮮明
で、消去性も良好であるものの、製図用フイルム
と筆跡との定着性が著しく悪く、作図中に手や定
規をスライドさせることによつて図面が非常に汚
れ易い欠点があつた。つまり、通常の紙において
は繊維どうしが複雑に絡み合つた構造となつてい
るので、鉛芯の芯粉が繊維中に入り込み、そのた
め多少こすつても汚れにくいのであるが、製図用
フイルムの場合はフイルム表面が均一な凹凸であ
るため、筆記された芯粉は単に積層された形とな
り、汚れ易いのである。従つて、製図用フイルム
に用いられる鉛芯の特性としては、筆記線の鮮明
さ、良好な消去性、良好なコビー性は勿論のこ
と、手や定規の擦過による汚れの生じないものが
要求され、特に設計製図における図面上の汚れは
致命的欠陥となるため、フイルムとの定着性の優
れた、つまり粘着性のある鉛芯が望まれている。 このような考え方の鉛芯のひとつとして、ワツ
クス類又は樹脂類と顔料および体質材とからなる
無焼成芯が知られている。この無焼成芯で筆記し
た場合には、ワツクス類あるいは樹脂類が定着性
に好ましいので、手や定規のスライドによる汚れ
は殆ど生じない。しかしながら無焼成芯は詳明な
筆記線が得られず、従つてコピー性が悪く、しか
も消去性が悪いこと、更には曲げ強度が焼成黒鉛
芯に比べ、半分あるいはそれ以下の性能であるた
め、現状では2.0〜0.9mmφの径が限度であり、製
図フイルム用芯として主に使われている0.5〜0.3
mmφの細芯では、実用上の強度がなく使用できな
い。 本発明者は上記の問題点、特に筆跡の汚れ、お
よび定着性について考察し、1、筆跡の汚れの原
因となる黒色顔料の割合を鉛芯の焼結体の組成か
ら減ずる。2、定着性を増すために製図用フイル
ムとの接着力の強い粘着物を鉛芯の焼結体の気孔
中に充填する。この2点についての具現化に鋭意
検討を重ねた。 その結果、潤滑材としての窒化硼素と結合材と
しての炭素、すなわち炭素化性有機化合物が焼成
後に生成した炭素とからなる鉛芯が、通常の焼成
黒鉛芯と比較して書味が良好で、強度は遜色なく
強く、かつ汚れ難いことを見い出したのである。 すなわち、この発明の鉛芯の潤滑材である窒化
硼素は、硬度が小さく(モース硬度2)、かつ黒
鉛と同様に良好な潤滑効果を有するので、この発
明の芯は書味が良い。また強度の強い鉛芯を得る
ためには炭素化性有機化合物とともに不活性ガス
中において高温で焼成し炭素化する必要があるが
この点、窒化硼素は約1500℃までの高温に耐え、
炭素化工程(500℃〜1100℃)においてその潤滑
性にまつたく影響なく強度の強い窒化硼素と炭素
より成る焼結体を得ることができる。 また窒化硼素は白色ではあるが隠蔽力が極めて
弱く、白色顔料としての効用がなく、むしろ体質
材的であるために、この窒化硼素と炭素から成る
焼結体は生成した炭素の色、つまり黒色をしてい
る。 一方、従来の焼成黒鉛芯は一般に結合材として
の炭素化性有機化合物、潤滑性および着材顔料と
しての黒鉛、場合により黒味を増すための顔料と
してのカーボンブラツクを使用し、焼成後におい
ては焼結体の組成のほとんどが着色力の大さな黒
色顔料であり、これで筆記した際に出る芯粉を擦
過すれば大変汚れたものとなる。 これに対して、この発明の鉛芯の焼結体の組成
中で黒い着色顔料となるものは前述の通り、焼成
の際に生成した炭素のみであり、汚れの最大の原
因となる黒色顔料の割合が従来の焼成黒鉛芯の焼
結体の約1/3程度と少く、この発明の鉛芯で書か
れた筆跡は黒いがそこから出る芯粉に含まれる着
色顔料の割合が少ないために、これが擦過されて
も汚れが少ないものと考察される。 更に、本発明者は定着性において、無焼成芯と
遜色のない鉛芯を目的として、窒化硼素と炭素よ
り成る焼結体の気化中に含浸する種々のワツクス
について検討を行なつた結果、モンタンワツクス
が数多くのワツクスの中でも製図用フイルムへの
定着性が優れていることに着目し、この発明を完
成したものである。 すなわちモンタンワツクスとはアスフアルト質
のカツ炭を高温で蒸留または溶剤で抽出して得ら
れるワツクスで、その成分としてはC20〜C30の脂
肪酸とテトラコシル、ヘキサコシル、オクタコシ
ル、トリコンタニルアルコール等とのエステルを
含み、イソトリコサン酸、イソペンタコサン酸、
イソヘプタコサン酸、イソノナコサン酸、イソヘ
ントリアコンタン酸等の遊離酸および樹脂を多く
含むワツクスであり、他のワツクスを充填した焼
成黒鉛芯に比して、製図用フイルム上に筆記した
異合、これによく喰い付き、定着性が良好であ
る。しかも無焼成芯のように不均一な筆跡となら
ない。また、手や定規のような平滑な面に対して
は粘着性が弱く、手で触れても一般のワツクスの
ようなベトベトした感じが少ないという特徴を有
する。また常温ではこのモンタンワツクスは塑性
変形しにくい固さではあるが軟化点(82℃)以上
では低粘度となり、窒化硼素と炭素とから成る焼
結体の気孔内に容易に含浸することができる。 以上のように、この発明の鉛芯は窒化硼素およ
び炭素から成る焼結体と該焼結体の気孔内に充填
されているモンタンワツクスとから構成されてい
ることを特徴とするものであり、窒化硼素と炭素
およびモンタンワツクスとの組み合せから、これ
らの相乗効果により、強度が大で、書味が良く、
しかも製図用フイルムに筆記した場合、筆記源が
鮮明でかつ定着性に優れ、手や定規の擦過による
汚れがほとんどない画期的な製図フイルム用芯が
得られるのである。 次にこの発明の鉛芯について具体的に述べると
この発明の鉛芯を構成する炭素は、炭素化性有機
化合物を不活性ガス中で、500℃以上の高温で焼
成した際に生成した炭素であり、炭素化性有機化
合物としては、天然樹脂、合成樹脂、アスフアル
ト、コールタールピツチ等を単独もしくは組みあ
わせたものが用いられる。 窒化硼素と炭素とから成る焼結体の気孔率は15
〜60%の範囲が定着性が良く好ましい。 気孔率が15%以下ではモンタンワツクスの充填
量が少なすぎ、定着性の顕著な向上が期待でき
ず、60%以上では焼結体の強度が弱くなり折れ易
い。 この発明における気孔率の測定は、浸透性の良
い液体(たとえばベンジルアルコール)を鉛芯の
気孔に吸収させ、吸収させた液体の容量を鉛芯の
嵩容積で除し、百分率で表わしたものである。 気孔率(見かけの気孔率) =鉛芯に吸収された液体の全容量/鉛芯の嵩容積×
100 =W3−W1/W3−W2×100 但しW1は液体を吸収させる前の鉛芯の乾燥重量。 W2は気孔中に液体を吸収させた鉛芯のその
液体中における重量。 W3は液体を鉛芯の気孔中に吸収させたのち
の鉛芯の重量。 次にこの発明の鉛芯の製造法について簡単に述
べる。窒化硼素と、焼成して炭素化する有機化合
物を任意の溶剤または加熱により、溶解あるいは
溶融し、三本ロールやニーダーを用いて混練、押
出成型したのち、不活性ガス中で1000℃前後の高
温で焼成し、有機化合物を炭素化させて、窒化硼
素と炭素とから成る焼結体を得る。 次に得られた焼結体の気孔中にモンタンワツク
スを加熱、加圧、減圧等の手段により、一定時間
浸透させて製図フイルム用芯とする。 次にこの発明の実施例を述べる。(部は重量部
である。) 実施例 1 窒化硼素を45部とブローンアスフアルト#20〜
30を55部とを加熱混練し、押出成型したのち不活
性ガス中で常温〜1100℃まで20℃/hrで昇温し、
1100℃で1時間焼成して窒化硼素と炭素から成る
焼結体が得られた。この焼結体の気孔率は30%で
あつた。次にモンタンワツクスを120℃に加熱溶
融し、この中に焼結体を8時間浸漬して気孔内部
にモンタンワツクスを吸収充填させたのち、焼結
体表面のモンタンワツクスをトリクロールエタン
で加熱洗浄して完成芯とした。 比較例 1 実施例1と同じ焼結体を作成し、その焼結体の
気孔中にパラフインワツクスを充填させた。 比較例 2 黒鉛55部と、ブローンアスフアルト#20〜30を
45部とを用いて実施例1と同様の製法にて焼結体
を作成した。この焼結体の気孔率は28%であつ
た。次にその焼結体の気孔中に実施例1と同じモ
ンタンワツクスを充填させた。 上記実施例1、比較例1、2および焼成黒鉛
芯、無焼成芯について性能を比較すると表1の通
りである。
This invention relates to a lead core that has the strength of a fired graphite core, provides clear handwriting, has excellent handwriting fixation, and improves stains caused by hand or ruler scratches, and is particularly suitable for use in drafting film. It is. Drafting film is made by processing the surface of a film base such as polyester to make it writable, and has many advantages such as excellent chemical resistance, moisture resistance, and heat resistance, as well as being durable and difficult to break. It is a drafting paper. When writing on this drafting film using a conventional fired graphite lead, the writing lines are clear and the erasability is good, but the adhesion of the handwriting to the drafting film is extremely poor, and the handwriting cannot be used while drawing. There was a drawback that the drawings were easily smudged by sliding the ruler or ruler. In other words, in ordinary paper, the fibers are intricately intertwined, so the core powder from the lead core gets into the fibers, so even if you rub it a little, it won't get dirty easily, but in the case of drafting film, Since the surface of the film is uniformly uneven, the core powder written on it simply forms a layered layer, and is easily smudged. Therefore, the characteristics of the lead lead used in drafting film are not only clearness of written lines, good erasability, and good anti-corrosion properties, but also those that do not cause stains due to scratches from hands or rulers. Since stains on drawings, especially in design drawings, can be a fatal defect, a lead core that has excellent fixing properties with the film, that is, has adhesive properties, is desired. As one type of lead core based on this concept, an unfired core made of waxes or resins, pigments, and extenders is known. When writing with this unfired lead, waxes or resins are preferable for fixing properties, so there is almost no staining caused by hands or the slide of a ruler. However, the unfired lead does not provide clear writing lines, has poor copyability, and has poor erasability.Furthermore, the bending strength is half or less than that of the fired graphite lead. The diameter is limited to 2.0 to 0.9 mmφ, and 0.5 to 0.3 mm, which is mainly used as a core for drafting film.
A thin core of mmφ lacks practical strength and cannot be used. The present inventor considered the above-mentioned problems, particularly regarding handwriting stains and fixing properties, and 1. Reduced the proportion of black pigment, which causes handwriting stains, from the composition of the lead core sintered body. 2. Fill the pores of the lead-core sintered body with a sticky material that has strong adhesion to the drafting film to increase fixation. We have carefully considered the realization of these two points. As a result, a lead core made of boron nitride as a lubricant and carbon as a binder, that is, carbon generated after firing a carbonizable organic compound, has a better writing quality than a normal fired graphite core. They discovered that it is equally strong and stain-resistant. That is, boron nitride, which is a lubricant for the lead core of the present invention, has a low hardness (Mohs hardness of 2) and has a good lubricating effect like graphite, so the lead of the present invention has a good writing feel. In addition, in order to obtain a strong lead core, it is necessary to carbonize it by firing it together with a carbonizable organic compound at a high temperature in an inert gas.
In the carbonization process (500°C to 1100°C), a strong sintered body made of boron nitride and carbon can be obtained without affecting its lubricity. Also, although boron nitride is white, its hiding power is extremely weak, and it has no effect as a white pigment, but is rather a substance. doing. On the other hand, conventional fired graphite cores generally use a carbonizable organic compound as a binder, graphite as a lubricating and adhesive pigment, and in some cases carbon black as a pigment to increase blackness. Most of the composition of the sintered body is a black pigment with great coloring power, and if you rub off the core powder that comes out when writing with this, it will become very dirty. On the other hand, in the composition of the lead-core sintered body of the present invention, the only black coloring pigment is the carbon produced during firing, as described above, and the black pigment, which is the biggest cause of stains, is The ratio is small, about 1/3 of that of the sintered body of conventional fired graphite cores, and the handwriting written with the lead lead of this invention is black, but because the ratio of colored pigments contained in the core powder released from it is small, It is considered that even if this is rubbed, there is little dirt. Furthermore, with the aim of creating a lead core that is comparable to unfired cores in terms of fixing properties, the inventors have studied various waxes that are impregnated during vaporization of a sintered body made of boron nitride and carbon, and found that Montan This invention was developed by focusing on the fact that wax has superior fixing properties to drafting film among many other waxes. In other words, Montan wax is a wax obtained by distilling asphaltic cutlet charcoal at high temperatures or extracting it with a solvent, and its components include C 20 to C 30 fatty acids and tetracosyl, hexacosyl, octacosyl, tricontanyl alcohol, etc. Contains esters, isotrichosanoic acid, isopentacosanoic acid,
It is a wax that contains a large amount of free acids such as isoheptacosanic acid, isononacosanoic acid, isohentriacontanoic acid, and resins, and compared to calcined graphite cores filled with other waxes, it is easier to use when writing on drafting film. It bites well and has good fixing properties. Moreover, unlike unfired lead, the handwriting does not become uneven. In addition, it has low adhesion to smooth surfaces such as hands and rulers, and has the characteristic that it does not feel sticky like regular wax when touched with the hand. In addition, at room temperature, this montan wax is hard enough to resist plastic deformation, but above its softening point (82°C), its viscosity becomes low, and it can easily be impregnated into the pores of a sintered body made of boron nitride and carbon. . As described above, the lead core of the present invention is characterized by being composed of a sintered body made of boron nitride and carbon, and montan wax filled in the pores of the sintered body. The synergistic effect of the combination of boron nitride, carbon, and montan wax results in high strength, good writing quality, and
Moreover, when writing on drafting film, an innovative core for drafting film can be obtained that provides a clear writing source, has excellent fixation properties, and is almost free from stains caused by scratches from hands or rulers. Next, to specifically describe the lead core of this invention, the carbon constituting the lead core of this invention is carbon generated when a carbonizable organic compound is fired at a high temperature of 500°C or higher in an inert gas. As carbonizable organic compounds, natural resins, synthetic resins, asphalt, coal tar pitch, etc. may be used alone or in combination. The porosity of the sintered body made of boron nitride and carbon is 15
A range of 60% is preferable because it provides good fixing properties. If the porosity is less than 15%, the amount of Montan wax filled is too small and no significant improvement in fixing performance can be expected, and if the porosity is more than 60%, the strength of the sintered body becomes weak and easily breaks. In this invention, porosity is measured by absorbing a liquid with good permeability (for example, benzyl alcohol) into the pores of a lead core, dividing the volume of the absorbed liquid by the bulk volume of the lead core, and expressing the result as a percentage. be. Porosity (apparent porosity) = Total volume of liquid absorbed into the lead core / Bulk volume of the lead core ×
100 = W 3 −W 1 /W 3 −W 2 ×100 where W 1 is the dry weight of the lead core before absorbing liquid. W 2 is the weight of the lead core in the liquid after absorbing the liquid into its pores. W 3 is the weight of the lead core after liquid has been absorbed into the pores of the lead core. Next, the method for manufacturing the lead core of the present invention will be briefly described. Boron nitride and an organic compound that is carbonized by firing are dissolved or melted using any solvent or by heating, kneaded and extruded using a triple roll or kneader, and then heated at a high temperature of around 1000℃ in an inert gas. The organic compound is carbonized to obtain a sintered body consisting of boron nitride and carbon. Next, montan wax is infiltrated into the pores of the obtained sintered body for a certain period of time by means of heating, pressurization, depressurization, etc. to form a drafting film core. Next, embodiments of this invention will be described. (Parts are parts by weight.) Example 1 45 parts of boron nitride and blown asphalt #20~
After heating and kneading 55 parts of 30 and extrusion molding, the temperature was raised from room temperature to 1100°C at a rate of 20°C/hr in an inert gas.
After firing at 1100°C for 1 hour, a sintered body consisting of boron nitride and carbon was obtained. The porosity of this sintered body was 30%. Next, montan wax was heated and melted at 120°C, and the sintered body was immersed in this for 8 hours to absorb and fill the pores with montan wax, and then the montan wax on the surface of the sintered body was removed using trichloroethane The core was heated and washed to obtain a finished core. Comparative Example 1 The same sintered body as in Example 1 was prepared, and the pores of the sintered body were filled with paraffin wax. Comparative example 2 55 parts of graphite and blown asphalt #20~30
A sintered body was produced using the same manufacturing method as in Example 1 using 45 parts. The porosity of this sintered body was 28%. Next, the same montan wax as in Example 1 was filled into the pores of the sintered body. Table 1 shows a comparison of the performance of Example 1, Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the fired graphite core, and the unfired core.

【表】 汚れ度は、製図用フイルム紙上において一定荷
重で書かれた筆記部の反射率をA、筆記部を一定
条件でこすり、該筆記部外の汚れた紙面の反射率
をBとして、 汚れ度=100−B/100−A×100(%) として求めた。数値が小さい程汚れ度合が少な
い。 これから明らかなように、この発明の実施例1
の鉛芯は焼成黒鉛芯と同程度の強い曲げ強度を有
し、無焼成芯の約2倍である。また摩擦係数にお
いても無焼成芯よりもはるかに小さな数値であり
なめらかで焼成黒鉛芯と近似した書味である。 また汚れ度においては、無焼成芯と同程度に優
れたものであり、焼成黒鉛芯と比較すれば明らか
に汚れ度合が少ない。 また較例1にあるように窒化硼素と炭素とから
成る焼結体であつても充填物が非粘着性であれば
定着性が著しく悪く、汚れ度が大きい。 一方比較例2にあるように充填物が粘着性であ
つても黒鉛と炭素から成る焼結体であれば、たと
え定着性が良好で筆跡から出る芯粉は少なくとも
黒鉛と炭素が着色力の大きな黒色顔料であるため
に擦過による汚れ度合が大きく定着性の良さも実
効が少ない。 以上のように実施例1および比較例1、2から
窒化硼素と炭素より成る焼結体と該気孔中に充填
されているモンタンワツクスとの相乗効果により
顕著な汚れ度合の改善がもたらされていることが
わかる。 これから明らかなように、この発明の鉛芯は、
製図用フイルムに筆記した時に、従来の焼成黒鉛
芯の定着性の悪さ、汚れ易い欠点を改善し、従来
の無焼成芯の強度の弱さ、書味の重さを解決し、
焼成黒鉛芯の強度、書味の良さを有し、無焼成芯
に匹敵する定着性の良さ、汚れの少なさを実現し
た画期的な製図フイルム用芯であり、その実用的
価値はきわめて大である。 なお強度が強いので0.2〜0.7mm程度の細い芯径
のシヤープペンシル用芯として最適であるが、も
ちろんそれ以上の芯径のシヤープペンシル用芯、
鉛筆用芯としても用いることができる。
[Table] The degree of staining is defined as A, the reflectance of the writing area written under a constant load on drafting film paper, and B, the reflectance of the dirty paper surface outside the writing area when the writing area is rubbed under certain conditions. It was calculated as: degree = 100-B/100-A x 100 (%). The lower the number, the lower the degree of contamination. As is clear from this, Example 1 of the present invention
The lead core has a bending strength comparable to that of a fired graphite core, and about twice as strong as that of an unfired lead. Furthermore, the coefficient of friction is much smaller than that of an unfired lead, and the writing quality is smooth and similar to that of a fired graphite lead. In addition, the degree of staining is as good as that of an unfired core, and the degree of staining is clearly lower than that of a fired graphite core. Further, as shown in Comparative Example 1, even if the sintered body is made of boron nitride and carbon, if the filler is non-adhesive, the fixing performance is extremely poor and the degree of staining is large. On the other hand, as shown in Comparative Example 2, even if the filler is sticky, if it is a sintered body made of graphite and carbon, even if the fixing properties are good and the core powder that comes out from the handwriting is at least graphite and carbon, which have a large coloring power. Since it is a black pigment, the degree of staining caused by scratching is large and the fixing properties are not very effective. As described above, from Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the synergistic effect of the sintered body made of boron nitride and carbon and the Montan wax filled in the pores brought about a remarkable improvement in the degree of contamination. It can be seen that As is clear from this, the lead core of this invention is
When writing on drafting film, it improves the poor fixing properties and easy staining of conventional fired graphite leads, and solves the weak strength and heavy writing feel of conventional unfired leads.
This is an innovative drafting film lead that has the strength and writing quality of a fired graphite lead, as well as good fixing properties and less staining comparable to unfired leads, and its practical value is extremely high. It is. Due to its strong strength, it is ideal as a lead for sharp pencils with a thin lead diameter of about 0.2 to 0.7 mm, but of course it can also be used as a lead for sharp pencils with a larger lead diameter.
It can also be used as a pencil lead.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 窒化硼素と、炭素化性有機化合物から得られ
た炭素より成る焼結体と、該焼結体の気孔中に充
填されているモンタンワツクスとから構成された
鉛芯。 2 焼結体の気孔率が、15〜60%であることを特
徴とする特許請求の範囲第1項記載の鉛芯。
[Claims] 1. A lead core composed of a sintered body made of boron nitride and carbon obtained from a carbonizable organic compound, and montan wax filled in the pores of the sintered body. . 2. The lead core according to claim 1, wherein the sintered body has a porosity of 15 to 60%.
JP17571583A 1983-09-22 1983-09-22 Pencil lead Granted JPS6067578A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP17571583A JPS6067578A (en) 1983-09-22 1983-09-22 Pencil lead

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP17571583A JPS6067578A (en) 1983-09-22 1983-09-22 Pencil lead

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6067578A JPS6067578A (en) 1985-04-17
JPH059472B2 true JPH059472B2 (en) 1993-02-05

Family

ID=16000968

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP17571583A Granted JPS6067578A (en) 1983-09-22 1983-09-22 Pencil lead

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS6067578A (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6346278A (en) * 1986-06-30 1988-02-27 Pilot Precision Co Ltd Lead for low load

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4874321A (en) * 1972-01-07 1973-10-06
JPS5037520A (en) * 1973-08-10 1975-04-08
JPS5238773A (en) * 1975-09-20 1977-03-25 Katayama Chem Works Co Ltd Dust collecting water disposal

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4874321A (en) * 1972-01-07 1973-10-06
JPS5037520A (en) * 1973-08-10 1975-04-08
JPS5238773A (en) * 1975-09-20 1977-03-25 Katayama Chem Works Co Ltd Dust collecting water disposal

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6067578A (en) 1985-04-17

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