JPH0592106A - Liquid separator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a liquid separator which treats various industrial waste water, process water, etc., and particularly conducts solid-liquid separation, concentration, and separation of organic and inorganic compounds dissolved in water simultaneously within the apparatus. CONSTITUTION:A filter plate 1 having a recessed filter bed 2 is installed. A filter medium for solid-liquid separation is placed on the filter bed 2 of the filter plate 1, and a filter membrane for the separation of fine particles or organic and inorganic compounds dissolved in water is installed on the back of the filter plate 1. The filter plate is also equipped with a liquid supply port 8 connected to a filter chamber placed in the front of the filter medium, a liquid discharge passage 9 connected to the back of the filter membrane, and a passage 10 as a bypass running between the filter medium and the filter membrane. In this way, the solid-liquid separation and other treatment can be performed simultaneously within an apparatus.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for separating undiluted solutions such as sewage, various industrial wastewaters, processes, etc., and particularly solid-liquid separation or concentration of undiluted solutions, fine particles and dissolution in the same apparatus The present invention relates to a stock solution separator capable of simultaneously separating inorganic and organic components.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a reverse osmosis membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane is stretched on a filter plate, and a large number of these filter plates are arranged side by side to bring the stock solution into contact with the filtration membrane to concentrate the stock solution or There was a device to obtain it (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-55173). Also, a number of filter plates are arranged side by side so that they can be opened and closed freely, and a filter cloth is stretched between the filter plates.
There was also an apparatus for supplying a stock solution to a filtration chamber formed between filter cloths for solid-liquid separation or concentrating the stock solution (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No.
No. 5-18529).

[0003]

The conventional apparatus using the above-mentioned filtration membrane is capable of performing advanced treatment of sewage and industrial wastewater and enabling reuse of treated water. However, it is possible to concentrate the stock solution and recover the active ingredient, but if solid-liquid separation is not performed in advance with a filter such as a filter press, the solid content captured by the filtration membrane will become the flow resistance of the liquid to be treated. , Excessive pressure loss,
There is a drawback that the flow-through velocity of the liquid to be treated is extremely reduced.
Further, in the filter press of the above-mentioned conventional apparatus, the filtration area is large and a large volume treatment of the stock solution is possible, but in order to perform the advanced treatment of the separated solution, the filtration membrane as the next step is required. It was necessary to install the conventional devices using the above.

The present invention provides an apparatus which has the functions of the solid-liquid separation device and the membrane filtration device of the above-mentioned conventional device in the same device, and which can simultaneously perform the solid-liquid separation of the raw liquid and the advanced treatment of the treated water. It is intended to be provided.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problem That is, the gist of the present invention is to provide a filter plate having a filter bed in the shape of a hollow, and to the filter bed of the filter plate, a filter material for solid-liquid separation and a back side of the filter material. A filtration membrane for separating fine particles or dissolved inorganic or organic components is stretched on the filter plate, and the filter plate is connected to the undiluted solution supply hole communicating with the filtration chamber provided on the front surface of the filter medium and the back surface of the filtration membrane. A filtrate discharge passage 9 and a bypass withdrawal passage communicating between the filter medium and the filtration membrane are provided. The solid-liquid separation filter medium is composed of a metal filter medium, filter cloth or ceramics, and the filtration membrane is a reverse osmosis membrane or ultra-fine membrane for separating fine particles or dissolved inorganic or organic components. It is composed of a filtration membrane. The filter plates are preferably arranged in parallel so as to be openable and closable, a filtration chamber is formed between the filter plates, and a backwash water supply pipe can be freely connected to a filtrate discharge passage provided in the filter plate. In addition, the backwash water discharge pipe can be freely connected to the bypass discharge passage. In addition, when increasing the size of the device, in order to support the filter medium and protect the filter membrane, between the filter medium and the filter membrane,
A filter plate for supporting the filter medium may be provided, and a protective sheet having water permeability may be provided on the front and back surfaces of the filter membrane. Also, instead of the above filter plate, a frame-shaped outer frame,
A structure including a water-permeable support plate laid on the outer frame may be used.

[0006]

The present invention is configured as described above, and when the stock solution is pressed into the filtration chamber through the stock solution supply hole of the filter plate, the solid content in the stock solution is captured by the filter medium to form a cake layer on the filter cloth surface. It is made dense by press-fitting pressure of the stock solution. On the other hand, the filtrate passes through the filtration mesh of the filter medium, flows into the back surface of the filter medium, and further tries to pass through the filtration membrane due to the liquid pressure. At this time, unnecessary inorganic and organic components dissolved with the fine particles are prevented from flowing into the filtration membrane, and only pure water or the active ingredient passes through the filtration membrane,
It moves along the filtration surface of the filter plate and is taken out from the filtrate discharge passage. On the other hand, of the filtrate that has passed through the filter medium, a part of the filtrate that exceeds the treatment capacity of the filtration membrane is withdrawn from the bypass withdrawal path of the filter plate that communicates between the filter cloth and the filtration membrane. Can be returned to the supply side or taken out as the primary treatment liquid. Then, when the cake is accumulated in the filtration chamber, the filtration chamber of the filter plate may be opened and the cake may be discharged.
Next, the filtration chamber is sealed, the treatment liquid is allowed to flow in from the filtrate discharge passage of the filter plate, and if it is passed from the back surface of the filtration membrane to the front surface, the clogging matters such as fine particles adhered to the filtration membrane are washed away. The filtration membrane can be regenerated by discharging the washing drainage from the bypass outlet. When cleaning the filter medium, either close the bypass discharge passage and let the treatment liquid flow in from the filtrate discharge passage, or close the filtrate discharge passage so that the treatment liquid flows backward from the bypass discharge passage. For example, the cleaning liquid can flow in from the back surface of the filter medium, and the clogging material can be pushed out from the filter medium. The backwashing wastewater can be discharged from the stock solution supply hole of the filter plate or by opening the filtration chamber.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. First, in FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a filter plate, and on the front and back surfaces of this filter plate 1 are formed hollow filter beds 2 in the form of hollows. The filtration bed 2 is provided with a large number of grooves, and the treatment liquid can flow down along the grooves. A metal filter medium 3 and a reverse osmosis membrane 4 on the back side of the filter bed 2 are stretched around the periphery of the filter plate 1 by a seal ring 5.5. Between the metal filter medium 3 and the reverse osmosis membrane 4, the metal filter medium 3
The supporting filter plate 5 is provided so that the metal filter medium 3 does not move or curve due to the liquid pressure of the stock solution so as not to crush the reverse osmosis membrane 4. A protective sheet 6.6 having water permeability is arranged on the front and back surfaces of the reverse osmosis membrane. A gap is provided between the filter plate 5 and the protective sheet 6 so that the filtrate that has passed through the filtration mesh of the metal filter medium 3 can flow vertically. Although the filter medium 3 is a metal filter medium in the above embodiments, the filter medium 3 may be a filter cloth or a ceramic depending on the properties of the stock solution for treatment.
When the filter material 3 is a filter cloth, the filter cloth may be fixed and stretched around the periphery of the filter plate 1, or a traveling device may be provided to allow the filter cloth to travel. Further, although the filtration membrane 4 is the reverse osmosis membrane in the above embodiment, it may be an ultrafiltration membrane depending on the desired degree of the treatment liquid.

Next, on the front surface of the filter plate 1, there is formed a filtration chamber 7 surrounded by the peripheral portion of the filter plate 1 and a metal filter medium, and the filter plate 1 communicates with this filtration chamber 7. Undiluted solution supply hole 8, filtrate discharge path 9 communicating with the reverse side of reverse osmosis membrane 4, and filtration plate 5
Withdrawal passage 10 for communication between the reverse osmosis membrane 4 and the reverse osmosis membrane 4
And are provided. When the filtration chamber 7 of the filter plate 1 is hermetically closed and the stock solution is press-fitted into the filtration chamber through the stock solution supply hole 8 at a high pressure, the filtrate passes through the metal filter medium, the solid content is separated, and the reverse pressure is caused by the liquid pressure of the filtrate. The treated liquid flows into the osmotic membrane 4, and the treated liquid can be taken out from the filtrate discharge passage 8 along the groove formed in the filtration bed 2. On the other hand, the solid content in the stock solution is captured by the metal filter medium 3 to form a cake layer, and the cake can be compressed densely by the press-fitting pressure of the stock solution for dehydration. Then, the fine particles and the dissolved inorganic or organic components that have passed through the filtration mesh of the metal filter medium 3 are captured by the reverse osmosis membrane 4. Of the filtrate that has passed through the filtration openings of the metal filter medium 3, the filtrate that exceeds the processing capacity of the reverse osmosis membrane 4 is returned from the bypass withdrawal path 10 of the filter plate 1 to the stock solution supply path or the primary treatment. It can be taken out as water.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a backwash water supply pipe branched to a filtrate discharge passage 9 provided in the filter plate 1, and reference numeral 12 a backwash water branched to an outlet passage 10 for bypassing the filter plate 1. When it is a water drainage pipe and the reverse osmosis membrane 4 is clogged, if backwash water is pumped from the back surface of the reverse osmosis membrane 4, fine particles and the like adhering to the filtration membrane are pushed out from the back surface and peeled off, The plugged water can be discharged from the drain pipe 12 of the backwash water. Further, when the metal filter medium 3 is clogged, the filtrate discharge passage 9 is closed and the filtrate is fed through the bypass discharge passage 10, or
Alternatively, by closing the outlet passage 10 and pumping the treatment liquid through the filtrate outlet passage 9, the clogging material that has entered the filtration mesh of the metal filter medium 3 can be pushed out from the back surface.

The apparatus shown in FIG. 2 is a filter press, which comprises a pair of guide rails 1 on the left and right frames 13.13.
4.14 is stretched, and on the guide rail 14, a large number of filter plates 1 of the invention of the present application are connected to each other by link chains 15 ... The filter press of this embodiment has a hydraulic cylinder 1 provided at one end.
It is designed to open and close the filter plate 1 by 6
When the filter plates 1 ... are closed, the filtration chamber 7 is placed between the filter plates 1.1.
Are formed. If the separation device of the present invention is used for a filter press, a large filtration area can be obtained, and a large amount of stock solution can be processed, which can be used as a solid-liquid separation device or a concentrating device for the stock solution, and at the same time as an advanced processing apparatus for the processing solution. is there. Further, since the stock solution is press-fitted at a pressure not less than the osmotic pressure of the filtration membrane, the water content of the cake obtained by solid-liquid separation can be reduced by the press-fitting pressure of the stock solution.

The apparatus shown in FIG. 3 is a Nutsche type filtering apparatus, in which a water-permeable support plate 18 is embedded in a horizontally arranged outer frame 17, and a filter plate is mounted on the support plate 18. 5
The metal filter medium 3 supported by and with a gap below it,
A reverse osmosis membrane 4 whose front and rear surfaces are covered with a water-permeable protective sheet 6.6 is stretched. Frame body 17 in which these are arranged
The filter chamber 7 is formed by the lid 19 and the lid 19 which can be moved up and down, and the stock solution supply hole 8 is provided in the lid 19. Reference numeral 20 is an air cylinder. This device can be utilized when the amount of target stock solution to be processed is small.

[0012]

Industrial Applicability According to the present invention, one device has both the functions of a filter and a membrane filter, and can perform solid-liquid separation of a stock solution and microfiltration simultaneously. That is, in the microfiltration device using the reverse osmosis membrane or the ultrafiltration membrane of the conventional device, when the undiluted solution is directly supplied to the microfiltration device, the solid content captured in the filtration membrane becomes the flow resistance of the liquid to be treated. However, there is a drawback that the pressure loss increases and the filtration membrane is immediately blocked. Therefore, a filter press, a vacuum filter, etc. were installed in the previous stage to perform solid-liquid separation. Further, although it was impossible to perform advanced treatment of the stock solution only with a filter such as a filter press, in the present invention, in the filtration chamber of the stock solution of the same device, a filter material for solid-liquid separation, fine particles or Since a filtration membrane for separating dissolved inorganic and organic components is installed, solid-liquid separation or concentration of the stock solution and advanced treatment of the processing solution can be performed, and since the stock solution is pressed in at a pressure higher than the reverse osmotic pressure, it is generated by solid-liquid separation. The cake is dense and highly dehydrated by press-fitting pressure. Moreover, since the advanced treatment of the treated water can be performed with one device, the number of pumps and auxiliary devices can be reduced to half, and the labor required for maintenance is also halved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a stock solution separation device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a filter press using the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a Nutsche type filtration device using the separation device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Filter Plate 2 Filtration Bed 3 Metal Filter Material 4 Reverse Osmosis Membrane 5 Filtration Plate 6 Protective Sheet 7 Filtration Chamber 8 Undiluted Solution Supply Hole 9 Filtrate Discharge Channel 10 Extraction Channel 11 Backwash Water Supply Pipe 12 Backwash Water Discharge Pipe 17 Outside Frame 18 Support plate

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A filter plate 1 having a filter bed 2 in the shape of a hollow is provided, and a filter material 3 for solid-liquid separation is provided on the filter bed 2 of the filter plate 1.
On the back side of the filter medium 3, a filtration membrane 4 for separating fine particles or dissolved inorganic or organic components is stretched, and the filter plate 1 is connected with a stock solution which communicates with a filtration chamber 7 provided on the front side of the filter medium 3. Separation of undiluted solution characterized by providing a supply hole 8, a filtrate discharge passage 9 communicating with the back surface of the filtration membrane 4, and a bypass withdrawal passage 10 communicating between the filter medium 3 and the filtration membrane 4. apparatus. 2. An apparatus for separating a stock solution, wherein the filter medium 3 according to claim 1 is a metal filter medium, a filter cloth or ceramics, and the filtration membrane 4 is a reverse osmosis membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane. 3. A plurality of filter plates 1 according to claim 1 are arranged in parallel so as to be openable and closable, and a filtration chamber 7 is formed between these filter plates 1.1.
A backwash water supply pipe 1 is provided in a filtrate discharge passage 9 provided in the filter plate 1.
Withdrawal path 10 for bypass while making 1 connectable
In addition, the stock solution separating device is characterized in that the backwash water discharge pipe 12 can be freely connected. 4. The separation device according to claim 1, wherein a filter plate 5 for supporting the filter medium 3 is provided between the filter medium 3 and the filter membrane 4, and water permeability is provided on the front and back surfaces of the filter membrane 4. An apparatus for separating a stock solution, which is characterized in that a protective sheet 6.6 is provided. 5. Separation of a stock solution, characterized in that, instead of the filter plate (1) according to claim 1, it comprises a frame-shaped outer frame (17) and a water-permeable support plate (18) laid on the outer frame (17). apparatus.