JPH0588323B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0588323B2 JPH0588323B2 JP60286570A JP28657085A JPH0588323B2 JP H0588323 B2 JPH0588323 B2 JP H0588323B2 JP 60286570 A JP60286570 A JP 60286570A JP 28657085 A JP28657085 A JP 28657085A JP H0588323 B2 JPH0588323 B2 JP H0588323B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- wave height
- area
- wave
- artificial
- artificial reef
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
Landscapes
- Revetment (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
「産業上の利用分野」
この発明は、複数の人工礁を海底面に設置する
ことにより波高を制御する方法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention relates to a method of controlling wave height by installing a plurality of artificial reefs on the ocean floor.
「従来の技術及びその問題点」
従来、海浜沖などでコンクリートブロツクや捨
石などを用いた離岸堤や潜堤により荒天時の高波
を消波する方法が知られている。``Prior Art and its Problems'' Conventionally, it has been known to dissipate high waves during stormy weather by constructing off-shore breakwaters or submerged breakwaters using concrete blocks, rubble, etc. off the coast.
ところで、近年サーフインをはじめとする各種
の海洋スポーツ、レジヤーが普及しているが、サ
ーフインのように適度の波のある海域に適するも
のとウインドサーフインや遊泳のように波高の小
さい穏やかな海域に適するものとがある。 By the way, various marine sports and leisure activities such as surfing have become popular in recent years, but there are two types of sports, such as surfing, which are suitable for areas with moderate waves, and those which are suitable for areas with moderate waves, such as windsurfing and swimming, which are suitable for areas with small waves. Some are suitable for ocean areas.
ところが、上記従来の離岸堤や潜提による方法
では、消波のみを目的とするため上記各種の海洋
スポーツ等に対して同時に合致する海域を創出す
ることはできない。また離岸堤等はコンクリート
ブロツク等により構築されておりその表面に凹凸
があるため、その近傍に近づくのは安全上も問題
があり、その海域を海洋スポーツ、レジヤーの目
的に合わせて広く利用することができなかつた。 However, the above-mentioned conventional methods using offshore breakwaters and submerged vessels are used only for wave dissipation, and cannot simultaneously create a sea area that is suitable for the various marine sports mentioned above. In addition, offshore breakwaters are constructed of concrete blocks, etc., and have uneven surfaces, so it is a safety issue to approach them, so the area should be widely used for marine sports and leisure purposes. I couldn't do it.
この発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされたもので、
各種の海洋スポーツに適する波の状態を人工的に
創出し海域を広く有効に利用できる波高制御方法
を提供するものである。 This invention was made in view of the above circumstances,
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wave height control method that can artificially create wave conditions suitable for various marine sports and make effective use of a wide range of sea areas.
「問題点を解決するための手段」
この叛明は係る波高制御方法は、外表面が凸曲
面状に形成された各人工礁の最大長径をその設置
海域での波の波長の0.5倍ないし４倍の範囲に形
成し、かつ人工礁と人工礁の間隔を前記最大長径
の0.5倍ないし1.5倍の範囲に形成し、波高が増幅
する海域と波高が減衰する海域とを創出できるよ
うに構成したものである。``Means for solving the problem'' This method of controlling wave height is such that the maximum length of each artificial reef, whose outer surface is formed in a convex curved shape, is set to 0.5 times to 4 times the wavelength of waves in the sea area where it is installed. The artificial reefs are formed in an area twice as large as the above-mentioned maximum length, and the spacing between the artificial reefs is formed in a range of 0.5 to 1.5 times the maximum length, so that it is possible to create sea areas where the wave height is amplified and sea areas where the wave height is attenuated. It is something.
「実施例」
この発明に係る波高制御方法を用いた波高の増
幅及び減衰の実施例について第１図ないし第５図
に基づいて説明する。Embodiment An embodiment of wave height amplification and attenuation using the wave height control method according to the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 5.
図中符号１は海岸の汀線２の前面に広がる海底
面である。海底面１には複数個の人口礁３が互い
の間隔ｄをもつて汀線２から一定の距離でほぼ平
行に設置されている。 Reference numeral 1 in the figure indicates the seabed surface extending in front of the shoreline 2 of the coast. A plurality of artificial reefs 3 are installed on the seabed 1 at a constant distance from the shoreline 2 and substantially parallel to each other with an interval d between them.
上記人口礁３はコンクリートから成る偏平凸曲
面状をなす曲面体である。この人工礁３の直径Ｄ
は、この人口礁３を設置する海域の通常の波の波
長Ｌの0.5倍ないし４倍の範囲に形成されている。
後述するように前記範囲内で波高の増減が認めら
れるもので、Ｄ／Ｌ＜0.3〜0.5では波の変形はあ
まり大きくなく、したがつて、波高の大きな増減
を生じさせることは困難である一方、一般的な沿
岸域での波浪の制御に必要と想定される数十メー
トル程度のＤの構造物を考えるとき、Ｄ／Ｌ＞
4.0の場合、波長Ｌが短いので、波高も相対的に
小さく、制御すべき波浪の対象とならないからで
ある。 The artificial reef 3 is a curved body made of concrete and having a flat convex curved shape. Diameter D of this artificial reef 3
is formed in a range of 0.5 to 4 times the wavelength L of normal waves in the sea area where this artificial reef 3 is installed.
As will be described later, increases and decreases in wave height are observed within the above range, and when D/L < 0.3 to 0.5, wave deformation is not very large, and therefore it is difficult to cause large increases and decreases in wave height. , when considering a structure D of several tens of meters that is assumed to be necessary for wave control in a general coastal area, D/L>
In the case of 4.0, since the wavelength L is short, the wave height is also relatively small, and it is not subject to wave control.
また、上記人口礁３と人口礁３との間隔ｄはこ
の人口礁３の径Ｄの0.5倍ないし1.5倍の範囲に形
成されている。 Further, the distance d between the artificial reefs 3 is set in a range of 0.5 to 1.5 times the diameter D of the artificial reefs 3.
次に上記のような人口礁３が設置された海域に
おいて、人口礁３の直径Ｄの波の波長Ｌに対する
比率Ｄ／Ｌの変化に応じた波高の増幅（波高の増
幅度合を判断するための一応の基準として入射波
高の1.4倍以上）される海域Ａの面積S1及び波高
が減衰（波高の減衰度合を判断するための一応の
基準として入射波高の0.6倍以下）される海域Ｂ
の面積S2の人口礁３の海底面１に対する投影面積
S0（＝π.D2／４）の比率S1／S0（グラフ）、S2／
S0（グラフ）の変化の解析例のデータを第３図
のグラフで示す。 Next, in the sea area where the artificial reef 3 as described above is installed, the wave height is amplified according to the change in the ratio D/L of the diameter D of the artificial reef 3 to the wave wavelength L (to determine the degree of wave height amplification). Area S 1 of sea area A where the wave height is attenuated (1.4 times or more of the incident wave height as a tentative standard) and sea area B where the wave height is attenuated (0.6 times or less of the incident wave height as a tentative standard for determining the degree of wave height attenuation)
Projected area of artificial reef 3 with area S 2 on seafloor 1
Ratio of S 0 (=π.D 2 /4) S 1 /S 0 (graph), S 2 /
Data of an analysis example of changes in S 0 (graph) are shown in the graph of FIG.
この第３図に示す解析データから得られること
は、人口礁３の径Ｄの波長Ｌに対する比（Ｄ／
Ｌ）が0.5ないし3.0の範囲で波高の増幅される海
域Ａの面積S1及び波高の減衰される海域Ｂの面積
S2が顕著に表われることである。なお、この解析
データではＤ／Ｌの値は0.5ないし3.0までしか表
わされていないが、第３図のデータと外挿すれ
ば、Ｄ／Ｌの比率は4.0位までは略同様の効果が
表れるものと思われる。 What can be obtained from the analytical data shown in Fig. 3 is the ratio (D/
L) is in the range of 0.5 to 3.0, the area of sea area A where the wave height is amplified S 1 and the area of sea area B where the wave height is attenuated
S 2 is clearly visible. Although this analytical data only shows D/L values from 0.5 to 3.0, if we extrapolate it to the data in Figure 3, we can see that the D/L ratio has almost the same effect up to 4.0. It seems that it will appear.
従つて、人口礁３を設置する海域で略定まつて
いる波長Ｌを基準にして利用目的に応じ、人口礁
３の最大直径Ｄを選定することにより波高の増幅
する海域Ａ、あるいは波高を減衰させる海域Ｂの
範囲を制御することがある。 Therefore, by selecting the maximum diameter D of the artificial reef 3 based on the wavelength L, which is approximately determined in the sea area where the artificial reef 3 is installed, depending on the purpose of use, it is possible to select the maximum diameter D of the artificial reef 3 in the sea area A where the wave height is amplified or attenuate the wave height. In some cases, the range of sea area B to be controlled may be controlled.
次に人口礁３と人口礁３との間隔ｄと、人口礁
３の直径Ｄとの比ｄ／Ｄをそれぞれ１／２（グラ
フ）、２／３（グラフ）、５／６（グラフ）お
よび1.0（グラフ）とした場合における、波高増
幅（入射波高の1.4倍以上）の海域Ａの面積S1及
び波高減衰（入射波高の0.6倍以下）の海域Ｂの
面積S2の人口礁３の投影面積S0に対する比率S1／
S0，S2／S0が、人口礁３の直径Ｄの波長Ｌに対す
る比率Ｄ／Ｌの変化に対応してどのように変化す
るかの解析例データを第４図（波高増幅）及び第
５図（波高減衰）のグラフにも夫々示す。 Next, the ratio d/D of the interval d between the artificial reefs 3 and the diameter D of the artificial reef 3 is 1/2 (graph), 2/3 (graph), 5/6 (graph), and 1.0 (graph), projection of artificial reef 3 of area S 1 of sea area A with wave height amplification (more than 1.4 times the incident wave height) and area S 2 of sea area B with wave height attenuation (less than 0.6 times the incident wave height) Ratio S 1 / to area S 0
Analysis example data of how S 0 , S 2 /S 0 changes in response to changes in the ratio D/L of the diameter D of the artificial reef 3 to the wavelength L is shown in Figure 4 (wave height amplification) and They are also shown in the graph of Figure 5 (wave height attenuation).
波高の増幅を表わす第４図から分ることはＤ／
Ｌが0.5〜0.66の範囲を除いて設置間隔比（ｄ／
Ｄ）の相違による波高への影響が小さいことであ
る。すなわち、本実施例の構造物の設置の目的が
波高の増幅であるならば、設置間隔ｄはあまり重
要ではない。例えば、増幅された海域の割合S1／
S0は、Ｄ／Ｌ＝0.5〜0.6の領域を除きｄ／Ｄ＝
１／２（図中のライン）、ｄ／Ｄ＝２／３（図中
のライン）、ｄ／Ｄ＝５／６（図中のライン）、
ｄ／Ｄ＝1.0（図中のライン）であまり差がない
のである。 What can be seen from Figure 4, which shows the amplification of wave height, is that D/
Installation spacing ratio (d/
D) The difference in wave height has little effect. That is, if the purpose of installing the structure of this embodiment is to amplify the wave height, the installation interval d is not so important. For example, the proportion of amplified sea area S 1 /
S 0 is d/D= except for the area of D/L=0.5 to 0.6
1/2 (line in the figure), d/D=2/3 (line in the figure), d/D=5/6 (line in the figure),
There is not much difference at d/D=1.0 (line in the figure).
また、波高の減衰を表わす第５図からはｄ／Ｄ
が大きい（設置間隔が大）と減衰海域が大きくな
つていることが分る。 Also, from Figure 5, which shows the attenuation of wave height, d/D
It can be seen that when the distance is large (the installation interval is large), the attenuation sea area becomes large.
その結果、波高の減衰効果を期待する場合に
は、適切な設置期間比ｄ／Ｄを選定することが重
要である。すなわち、本実施例の構造物の設置の
目的において静穏海域の創出も重要とする場合
は、設置間隔比ｄ／Ｄを適正に選択する必要があ
る。例えば、波浪条件がＤ／Ｌ＝1.5〜2.6（比較
的周期領域の狭い波）であれば、ｄ／Ｄ‐５／６
を必要とし、Ｄ／Ｌ＝0.6〜2.6（比較的周期領域
の広い波）であれば、ｄ／Ｄ＝1.0を必要とする。 As a result, if a wave height attenuation effect is expected, it is important to select an appropriate installation period ratio d/D. That is, if creating a calm sea area is also important for the purpose of installing the structure of this embodiment, it is necessary to appropriately select the installation interval ratio d/D. For example, if the wave condition is D/L = 1.5 to 2.6 (waves with a relatively narrow periodic region), d/D-5/6
If D/L=0.6 to 2.6 (a wave with a relatively wide periodic region), d/D=1.0 is required.
なお、第４図及び第５図においてはｄ／Ｄの値
が1.5の場合については表わしていないが、夫々
ｄ／Ｄが1.0の場合と略同様な結果になる。また、
第４図及び第５図においては、Ｄ／Ｌの値は0.5
ないし3.0までしか表わされていないが、第４図
又は第５図のデータを外挿すれば、Ｄ／Ｌが4.0
位までは略同様の効果が表れるものと思われる。 Although the case where the value of d/D is 1.5 is not shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the results are approximately the same as those when the value of d/D is 1.0. Also,
In Figures 4 and 5, the value of D/L is 0.5
Although it is only shown up to 3.0, if you extrapolate the data in Figures 4 or 5, D/L is 4.0.
It is thought that approximately the same effect will appear up to this point.
また、第３図〜第５図は、所定の条件下におけ
る実験結果の一例を示すもので、様々な使用目的
及び波浪条件に全て対応するものではない。すな
わち、Ｄ／Ｌが0.5〜4.0、ｄ／Ｄが0.5〜1.5であ
ることは、本実施例の構造物を海域に設置する場
合の適用範囲であり、最適条件ではなく、したが
つて、波高を減衰させる効果（消波効果）や波高
を増幅させる効果は、波の条件（例えば、水深、
波高、周期）により異なり、構造物に要求する機
能及び波の条件に対応して構造物の設置条件（例
えば、構造物の設置水深、最大直径、設置間隔）
を適正に選択することにより得られるものであ
る。 Moreover, FIGS. 3 to 5 show examples of experimental results under predetermined conditions, and do not correspond to all various purposes of use and wave conditions. In other words, D/L of 0.5 to 4.0 and d/D of 0.5 to 1.5 are applicable ranges when the structure of this example is installed in sea areas, and are not optimal conditions. The effect of attenuating waves (wave-dissipating effect) and amplifying wave height depend on wave conditions (e.g. water depth,
Depending on the function required for the structure and the wave conditions, the installation conditions of the structure (for example, the installation depth, maximum diameter, and installation spacing of the structure)
This can be obtained by appropriately selecting.
また上記実施例においては、人口礁３の底面が
円形状のものについて説明したが人口礁３の底面
形状は第６図に示すように楕円形状でもよい。 Further, in the above embodiment, the artificial reef 3 has a circular bottom surface, but the artificial reef 3 may have an elliptical bottom surface shape as shown in FIG. 6.
また、人口礁３の断面形状は第２図に示すよう
な円の一部を切りとつたような形状だけでなく、
第７図に示すような楕円の一部を切りとつた形状
でもよい。断面形状が楕円の一部をなす人口礁の
実施例でも上記実施例とほぼ同様な効果が得られ
た。 In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the artificial reef 3 is not only a shape cut out from a part of a circle as shown in Fig. 2;
The shape may be a partially cut off ellipse as shown in FIG. In an example of an artificial reef whose cross-sectional shape is a part of an ellipse, almost the same effect as the above example was obtained.
「発明の効果」
以上説明したように、この発明に係る波高制御
方法は、この方法に使用される複数の人口礁の最
大直径を、その設置海域の波の波長の0.5倍ない
し４倍の範囲に形成し、更に、人口礁と人口礁と
の間隔を前記直径の0.5倍ないし1.5倍の範囲に形
成するようにしたもので、上記直径及び設置間隔
を適当に選定すると、その利用目的に合致した波
高増幅海域並びに波高減衰海域を同時に創出する
ことができ海域を有効に利用することができる。"Effects of the Invention" As explained above, the wave height control method according to the present invention allows the maximum diameter of the plurality of artificial reefs used in this method to be within a range of 0.5 to 4 times the wavelength of waves in the sea area where the reefs are installed. In addition, the distance between the artificial reefs is set to be 0.5 to 1.5 times the diameter, and if the diameter and spacing are appropriately selected, it will meet the purpose of use. It is possible to simultaneously create a wave height amplification sea area and a wave height attenuation sea area, making effective use of the sea area.
また、人口礁の外表面は球団のようななだらか
な曲面を形成しその勾配をゆるやかであるので、
反射線が少なく洗掘に対する心配がない。 In addition, the outer surface of an artificial reef forms a gently curved surface like a baseball club, and its slope is gentle.
There are few reflection lines, so there is no need to worry about scouring.
また、外表面がなめらかで、かつその勾配がゆ
るやかであるので、人口礁の近傍にいても従来の
離岸堤のように衝突してケガをする危険性も少な
い。したがつて、この点からも海域を広く利用す
ることができる。 In addition, because the outer surface is smooth and its slope is gentle, there is less risk of injury from collision than with conventional breakwaters, even if you are near an artificial reef. Therefore, from this point of view as well, the sea area can be widely used.
第１図及び第２図は、この発明に係る波高制御
方法に使用する人口礁を海底面に配置した状態を
示すもので、第１図はその配置を示す概略図、第
２図は第１図イ−イ線断面図、第３図ないし第５
図はこの発明の実験データを示すグラフで、第３
図は直径Ｄの波長Ｌに対する比率Ｄ／Ｌを変化さ
せた場合の、波高増幅海域Ａの面積S1及び波高減
衰海域Ｂの面積S2の人口礁の投影面積S0に対する
夫々の比率の変化を示すグラフ、第４図及び第５
図は人口礁と人口礁との間隔を変化させた場合
の、波高増幅海域Ａの面積S1及び波高減衰海域Ｂ
の面積S2の人口礁の投影面積S0に対する夫々の比
率の変化を示すグラフ、第６図および第７図は人
口礁の他の変形例を示すものである。
３……人口礁、Ａ……波高増幅海域、Ｂ……波
高減衰海域、Ｄ……直径、ｄ……人口礁と人口礁
の設置間隔、Ｌ……波長。
Figures 1 and 2 show the state in which artificial reefs used in the wave height control method according to the present invention are arranged on the seabed surface. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement, and Figure 2 is a Figure A--A sectional view, Figures 3 to 5
The figure is a graph showing experimental data of this invention.
The figure shows changes in the respective ratios of the area S 1 of the wave height amplification area A and the area S 2 of the wave height attenuation area B to the projected area S 0 of the artificial reef when the ratio D/L of the diameter D to the wavelength L is changed. Graphs showing, Figures 4 and 5
The figure shows the area S 1 of wave height amplification area A and wave height attenuation area B when changing the spacing between artificial reefs.
Graphs 6 and 7 showing changes in the ratio of the area S 2 of the artificial reef to the projected area S 0 of the artificial reef show other modifications of the artificial reef. 3... Artificial reef, A... Wave height amplification area, B... Wave height attenuation area, D... Diameter, d... Installation interval between artificial reefs, L... Wavelength.
Claims (1)
に複数個設置して波高を制御する波高制御方であ
つて、前記各人工礁の最大直径をその設置海域で
の波の波長の0.5倍ないし４倍の範囲に形成し、
かつ人工礁と人工礁の間隔を前記最大直径の0.5
倍ないし1.5倍の範囲に設定することにより波高
が増幅する海域と波高が減衰する海域とを創出す
ることを特徴とする波高制御方法。1 A wave height control method in which wave height is controlled by installing a plurality of artificial reefs with convex curved outer surfaces on the ocean floor, where the maximum diameter of each artificial reef is 0.5 of the wavelength of waves in the sea area where they are installed. Form into a range of twice to four times the size,
And the distance between artificial reefs is 0.5 of the maximum diameter.
A wave height control method characterized by creating sea areas where the wave height is amplified and sea areas where the wave height is attenuated by setting the wave height to a range of twice to 1.5 times.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60286570A JPS62146312A (en) | 1985-12-19 | 1985-12-19 | Control of height of waves |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60286570A JPS62146312A (en) | 1985-12-19 | 1985-12-19 | Control of height of waves |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62146312A JPS62146312A (en) | 1987-06-30 |
| JPH0588323B2 true JPH0588323B2 (en) | 1993-12-21 |
Family
ID=17706118
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60286570A Granted JPS62146312A (en) | 1985-12-19 | 1985-12-19 | Control of height of waves |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62146312A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0213604A (en) * | 1988-06-28 | 1990-01-18 | Pub Works Res Inst Ministry Of Constr | Spending structure |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS54164325A (en) * | 1978-06-16 | 1979-12-27 | Sumitomo Electric Industries | Dam for tide prevention * wave prevention * wave damping* seawater goinggup prevention* etc* |
-
1985
- 1985-12-19 JP JP60286570A patent/JPS62146312A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS54164325A (en) * | 1978-06-16 | 1979-12-27 | Sumitomo Electric Industries | Dam for tide prevention * wave prevention * wave damping* seawater goinggup prevention* etc* |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62146312A (en) | 1987-06-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |