JPH0588162A - Liquid crystal panel and liquid crystal display device using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the liquid crystal display device which does not require any polarizing plate to modulate light, makes a display image high in brightness, and has an excellent contrast. CONSTITUTION:A Fresnel lens 18 is formed on a counter electrode 15. The refractive indexnk of the constituent material of the Fresnel lens is made nearly equal to the ordinary light refractive index no of dispersed liquid crystal 17. When a voltage is applied between the counter electrode 15 and a picture element electrode 14, the refractive index noff of the liquid crystal 17 is (Zno+ne)/3, where Ne is the extraordinary light refractive index of the liquid crystal 17. Therefore, nknot equal to noff, so light made incident on the liquid crystal panel is refracted by the interface between the Fresnel lens 18 and liquid crystal 17 and also scattered in the liquid crystal 17. When the voltage is applied, on the other hand, the refractive index man of the liquid crystal 17 is no. Here, nk=n0, so the Fresnel lens 18 appears to be removed. The incident light travels straight in the liquid crystal 17.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates mainly to a liquid crystal display device (hereinafter referred to as a liquid crystal projection type television) for enlarging and projecting an image displayed on a small liquid crystal panel onto a screen, and mainly to the liquid crystal projection type television. The present invention relates to a liquid crystal panel used.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Since a liquid crystal panel has many features such as a light weight and a thin shape, research and development have been actively conducted. However, there are many problems that it is difficult to increase the screen size. Therefore, in recent years, a liquid crystal projection television, which enlarges and projects a display image of a small liquid crystal panel by a projection lens or the like to obtain a large-screen display image, has been suddenly attracting attention. At present, commercially available liquid crystal projection televisions use twisted nematic (hereinafter referred to as TN) liquid crystal panels that utilize the optical rotation characteristics of liquid crystals.

FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the liquid crystal panel. G1 to Gm are gate signal lines, one end of which is connected to the gate drive IC 41. S1 to Sn are source signal lines, one end of which is connected to the source drive IC 42. Each pixel has a thin film transistor 43 (hereinafter referred to as a TFT) for applying a signal to a pixel electrode.
And an additional capacitor 44 for holding a signal is formed. Reference numeral 45 denotes a liquid crystal sandwiched between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode, which can be regarded as a capacitor in an electric circuit.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a conventional TN liquid crystal panel. Normally, the array substrate 22 and the counter electrode substrate 21 are 4 to
The TN liquid crystal 24 is injected between the substrates while being held at a distance of 6 μm. The periphery of the display area is sealed with a sealing resin (not shown). Further, alignment films 87a and 87b are formed on the counter electrode 25 and the pixel electrode 26, and
The alignment treatment is performed so that the liquid crystal 24 is homogeneously aligned, and the alignment treatment is performed so that the directions on the array substrate 22 and the counter electrode substrate 21 are different by about 90 degrees. As a result, the TN liquid crystal 22 has its molecule major axis direction parallel to the substrate, and is oriented in a state of being twisted by 90 degrees between the upper and lower substrates. Usually, the TN liquid crystal used in the conventional TN liquid crystal panel has a positive dielectric constant. In FIG. 5, 23 is a black matrix.

Next, a conventional liquid crystal projection television will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a conventional liquid crystal projection television. In FIG. 6, 61 is a condensing optical system, and 92 is UV that transmits infrared rays and ultraviolet rays.
IR cut mirror, 63a is a blue light reflection dichroic mirror (hereinafter referred to as BDM), 63b is a green light reflection dichroic mirror (hereinafter referred to as GDM), 63c is a red light reflection dichroic mirror (hereinafter referred to as RDM), 64a. , 64b, 64c, 66a, 66b, 66
Reference numeral c is a polarizing plate, 65a, 65b and 65c are transmissive TN liquid crystal panels, and 67a, 67b and 67c are projection lens systems. It should be noted that components unnecessary for the description are omitted from the drawings. The above also applies to the following drawings.

The operation of the conventional liquid crystal projection television will be described below with reference to FIG. First, blue light (hereinafter, referred to as B light) of white light emitted from the condensing optical system 61 is reflected by the BDM 63a, and the B light is incident on the polarizing plate 64a. The light transmitted through the BDM 63a is GD
M63b reflects green light (hereinafter, referred to as G light) to the polarizing plate 64b, and RDM 63c reflects red light (hereinafter, referred to as R light) to be incident on the polarizing plate 64c. The polarizing plate transmits only one of the longitudinal wave component and the transverse wave component of each color light, aligns the polarization directions of the light, and irradiates each liquid crystal display device. At this time, 50% or more of the light is absorbed by the polarizing plate, and the brightness of the transmitted light is half or less at the maximum.

Each liquid crystal panel modulates the transmitted light according to a video signal. The modulated light passes through the respective polarizing plates 66a, 66b, 66c according to the degree of modulation, and each projection lens system 6
It is incident on 7a, 67b and 67c and enlarged and projected on a screen (not shown) by the lens system.

[0008]

As is clear from the above description, in a liquid crystal panel using TN liquid crystal, it is necessary to make linearly polarized light incident. Therefore, a polarizing plate is provided before and after the liquid crystal panel. Need to be placed. Theoretically, this polarizing plate absorbs 50% or more of light, so that there is a problem that only a low-luminance screen can be obtained when magnifying and projecting on a screen. The present invention was invented to solve the above problems.

[0009]

The liquid crystal panel of the present invention comprises:
A polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer is formed between the counter electrode substrate and the array substrate. Further, a Fresnel lens is formed on the counter electrode and on the surface in contact with the polymer dispersed liquid crystal. The Fresnel lens is formed of a material having a refractive index that is substantially the same as the ordinary refractive index of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal.

Further, the liquid crystal projection television of the present invention comprises the liquid crystal panel of the present invention, light generating means such as a metal halide lamp, and white light generated by the light generating means to blue light (hereinafter, referred to as "blue light").
B light), green light (hereinafter referred to as G light), and red light (hereinafter referred to as R light) are separated into three predetermined wavelength ranges, and the light within the three predetermined wavelength ranges is respectively separated. It comprises an optical system for guiding the liquid crystal panel of the present invention to be modulated, and a projection optical system for synthesizing the light modulated by the liquid crystal panel and projecting it on a screen.

[0011]

In order to solve the conventional problems, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal is used as the liquid crystal in the present invention. Since the polymer dispersed liquid crystal does not use a polarizing plate, the light utilization rate can be greatly improved.

The polymer dispersed liquid crystal will be briefly described below. Polymer dispersed liquid crystals are roughly classified into two types depending on the dispersion state of liquid crystals and polymers. One is a type in which liquid crystals in the form of water droplets are dispersed in a polymer. The liquid crystal exists in the polymer in a discontinuous state. Hereinafter, such a liquid crystal will be referred to as a PDLC, and a liquid crystal panel using the liquid crystal will be referred to as a PD liquid crystal panel. The other is a type that has a structure in which a polymer network is stretched around the liquid crystal layer. It looks like a sponge containing liquid crystal. The liquid crystal does not form a water drop but continuously exists. Hereinafter, such a liquid crystal is called PNLC, and
A liquid crystal panel using the liquid crystal is called a PN liquid crystal panel.
In order to display an image with the above-mentioned two types of liquid crystal panels, light scattering and transmission are controlled.

PDLC utilizes the property that the refractive index is different in the direction in which the liquid crystal is aligned. When no voltage is applied, each water droplet liquid crystal is oriented in an irregular direction. In this state, a difference in refractive index occurs between the polymer and the liquid crystal, and incident light is scattered. When a voltage is applied here, the alignment directions of the liquid crystal are aligned. If the refractive index when the liquid crystal is oriented in a certain direction is matched with the refractive index of the polymer in advance, incident light is transmitted without being scattered.

On the other hand, PNLC uses the irregularity of the alignment of liquid crystal molecules. The incident light is scattered in the irregular alignment state, that is, in the state where no voltage is applied.
On the other hand, light is transmitted when a voltage is applied and the array state is made regular. The above description of the movement of the liquid crystal of PDLC and PNLC is merely a model idea. Although the present invention is not limited to one of the PD liquid crystal panel and the PN liquid crystal panel, it is not limited to the PD liquid crystal panel for ease of explanation.
A liquid crystal panel will be described as an example. Further, PDLC and PNLC are collectively referred to as polymer dispersed liquid crystal, and PD liquid crystal panel and PN liquid crystal panel are collectively referred to as polymer dispersed liquid crystal panel. Liquids containing liquid crystal to be injected into the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal panel are collectively called a liquid crystal solution or a resin, and a state in which the resin component in the liquid crystal solution is polymerized and cured is called a polymer. The liquid crystal panel of the present invention is PDLC and PNL.
Although not limited to one of C, PDLC will be described as an example for ease of description.

Operation of polymer dispersed liquid crystal (FIG. 7)
A brief description will be given using (a) and (b). (Fig. 7 (a)
(B) is an explanatory view of the operation of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal panel. In FIGS. 7A and 7B, 71 is an array substrate, 72 is a pixel electrode, 73 is a counter electrode, 74 is a liquid crystal droplet, 75 is a polymer, and 76 is a counter substrate. A TFT or the like is connected to the pixel electrode 72, and a voltage is applied to the pixel electrode when the TFT is turned on / off to vary the liquid crystal alignment direction on the pixel electrode to modulate light. As shown in FIG. 7A, in the state where no voltage is applied, the water droplet liquid crystals 74 are oriented in irregular directions. In this state, a difference in refractive index occurs between the polymer 75 and the water droplet liquid crystal 74, and incident light is scattered. Here, when a voltage is applied to the pixel electrode as shown in FIG. 7B, the directions of the liquid crystals are aligned. If the refractive index when the liquid crystal is aligned in a certain direction is matched with the refractive index of the polymer in advance, incident light is emitted from the array substrate 71 without being scattered.

When a high-quality image display panel is constructed by using a polymer dispersed liquid crystal, the amount of light transmitted in the scattered state (hereinafter referred to as "off light amount") and the amount of light transmitted in the transmitted state (hereinafter, referred to as "off-light amount"). It is necessary to increase the ratio with the ON light amount) (hereinafter referred to as the contrast). If the contrast is low, multi-gradation display cannot be performed and the image display quality deteriorates. A liquid crystal projection television needs a contrast of 100 or more.

The liquid crystal panel of the present invention has a Fresnel lens formed on the surface in contact with the polymer dispersed liquid crystal. Transmission state (hereinafter, referred to as ON state) when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal when the refractive index of the liquid crystal becomes the ordinary refractive index n _o. If the refractive index n _k of the material forming the Fresnel lens is set to n _k = n _o , it is as if the Fresnel lens disappeared. Therefore, the incident light goes straight on. On the contrary, when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal (hereinafter referred to as the off state),
Assuming that the extraordinary light refractive index is _ne and the polymer ratio is small, it is approximately (2n _o + n _e ) / 3. Therefore, since a refractive index is generated between the Fresnel lens and the liquid crystal, the incident light is bent. If a lens that does not collect light having a principal ray angle of a predetermined value or more is arranged on the light emission side of the liquid crystal panel, the amount of off light is reduced. Therefore, the contrast is high.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A liquid crystal panel of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the liquid crystal panel of the present invention. A TFT (not shown) as a switching element and a pixel electrode 1 are provided on the array substrate 12.
4 and the signal lines such as the source signal line 13 are formed. The pixel electrode 14 is formed of a transparent electrode such as ITO. On the other hand, a counter electrode 15 is formed on the counter electrode substrate 11. The counter electrode 15 is made of ITO similarly to the pixel electrode 14.
Etc. are formed of transparent electrodes. Counter electrode 15 and pixel electrode 1
A polymer-dispersed liquid crystal 17 is sandwiched between the four.

The liquid crystal of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 17 is preferably a nematic liquid crystal, a smectic liquid crystal or a cholesteric liquid crystal, and may be a single liquid crystal compound or a mixture of two or more liquid crystal compounds or a mixture containing a substance other than the liquid crystal compound. ..
Of the above-mentioned liquid crystal materials, the cyanbiphenyl nematic liquid crystal is most preferable. The resin material is preferably a transparent polymer, and may be a thermoplastic resin, a thermosetting resin, or a photocurable resin, but it is an ultraviolet curable type from the viewpoint of ease of manufacturing process, separation from the liquid crystal layer, etc. It is preferable to use the above resin. As a specific example, an ultraviolet-curable acrylic resin is exemplified, and a resin containing an acrylic monomer or an acrylic oligomer that is polymerized and cured by ultraviolet irradiation is particularly preferable. By irradiating with ultraviolet rays, these cause a polymerization reaction only in the resin to become a polymer, and only the liquid crystal undergoes phase separation. At this time, when the amount of liquid crystal is smaller than that of the resin component, independent particle-shaped liquid crystal droplets are formed. On the other hand, when the amount of liquid crystal is large, the resin matrix is particulate in the liquid crystal material. , Or exist in the form of a network and the liquid crystals are formed so as to form a continuous layer.

In the image display area, the particle size of the water-drop liquid crystal or the pore size of the polymer network is uniform to some extent,
Moreover, unless the size is in the range of 0.5 μm to several μm, the scattering performance of incident light is poor and the contrast cannot be improved.
The average particle size of the water-drop liquid crystal or the average pore size of the polymer network is preferably 0.8 μm to 2.0 μm.
The range is good. For this reason, it is necessary to use a material that can be cured in a short time, such as an ultraviolet curable resin. Also,
The compounding ratio of the liquid crystal material and the resin material is 95: 5 to 10:90.

The thickness of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 17 is 5 μm.
The range of 8 μm to 15 μm is most suitable for the scattering characteristics and the range of applied voltage for driving. The film thickness may be set so that a maximum transmittance of 90% can be obtained with an applied voltage of 6 to 8V.

Reference numeral 18 is a Fresnel lens. As a manufacturing material, a polymer material forming a polymer dispersed liquid crystal is used. As a forming method, a resin is applied on a counter substrate by a roll quarter, a spinner, etc., a film or a plate having a good releasability in which a Fresnel lens mold is formed is adhered, and ultraviolet rays are irradiated in the adhered state. There is a method of polymerizing a resin. Further, formed by depositing an inorganic thin film such as S _i O _2, using the mask pattern, there is a method of forming by etching. The height of the Fresnel lens is 0.5 to 3 μm. Although the Fresnel lens 18 is formed on the counter electrode 15 in FIG. 1, the Fresnel lens 18 may be formed on the counter electrode substrate 15 and the counter electrode 15 may be formed on the Fresnel lens 18. The refractive index of the material forming the Fresnel lens is the polymer dispersed liquid crystal 1
Refractive index difference between the ordinary refractive index n _o of the 7 preferably be within 0.1, more within 0.05 are preferred. The Fresnel lens may be formed on the pixel electrode 14, or may be formed on both the counter electrode 15 and the pixel electrode 14.

In the method of manufacturing a liquid crystal panel of the present invention, beads (not shown) for obtaining a predetermined liquid crystal film thickness are first dispersed on the counter electrode substrate 11 having the Fresnel lens 18 formed thereon. On the other hand, the sealing resin is applied onto the array substrate 12. After that, the counter electrode substrate 11 and the array substrate 1
2 is positioned and laminated. The liquid crystal injection method includes a vacuum injection method and a pressure injection method, but either method may be used. In the vacuum injection method, the bonded substrates are placed in a vacuum chamber, the array substrate 12 and the counter electrode substrate 11 are evacuated, and then the liquid crystal injection port is immersed in a liquid crystal solution. After that, when the vacuum state of the vacuum chamber is broken, the liquid crystal solution is injected between the substrates. On the other hand, in the pressure injection method, the liquid crystal solution is injected by pressure from an injection port of 0.8 to 1.2 mm formed in the peripheral portion of the counter electrode substrate 11. After that, the liquid crystal solution is irradiated with ultraviolet rays to be polymerized and cured, and the liquid crystal and the polymer are phase-separated.

The operation of the liquid crystal panel of the present invention will be described below.
explain. First, a voltage is applied between the counter electrode 15 and the pixel electrode 14.
Is applied, the refractive index n of the liquid crystal 17 is
_offIs about (2n_o+ N_e) / 3. Frame
Refractive index n of the material forming the channel lens 18_kIs n_oAlmost matches
is doing. Therefore, n_off≠ n_kNearby Fresnellen
There is a difference in refractive index between the gap 18 and the liquid crystal 17. Therefore,
The light incident from the counter electrode substrate 11 side receives the Fresnel lens 18
The liquid crystal 17 is bent and bent at the interface. In the liquid crystal 17
There is a refractive index mismatch between the water-drop liquid crystal and the polymer.
Therefore, the light bent by the Fresnel lens 18 is reflected by the liquid crystal 17
Scattered within. Therefore, the incident light traveling straight is very
Get smaller. In other words, the amount of off light is the same as the conventional polymer dispersed liquid crystal.
It is smaller than the panel. To adjust the amount of light off
Select the focusing angle of the condenser lens placed at the exit end to a predetermined value
It can be done by On the other hand, when the liquid crystal is on,
Refractive index n of 17_onIs n_oBecomes Fresnel lens 18
Refractive index n of forming material_kIs almost n _o= N_kTherefore,
There is no difference in refractive index at the interface between the channel lens 18 and the liquid crystal 17.
Yes. Therefore, the light incident from the counter electrode substrate 11 side is
Continue straight ahead. In other words, the amount of ON light is
It is equivalent to a liquid crystal panel. From the above, the contra
Strokes are improved over conventional polymer dispersed liquid crystal panels. Na
The liquid crystal 17 is refracted in the intermediate state between the on state and the off state.
Rate is n_offAnd n_onFresnel lens 1 because it takes a value between
The incident light is bent according to the refractive index with 8.

A liquid crystal projection television according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. (Figure 2)
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a liquid crystal projection television according to an embodiment of the present invention. However, components that are unnecessary for the description are omitted. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 21 denotes a condensing optical system, which has a concave mirror and a 250 W metal halide lamp as a light generating means therein. Moreover, the concave mirror is configured to reflect only visible light. Reference numeral 22 is a UVIR cut mirror that transmits infrared rays and ultraviolet rays and reflects only visible light. Also, 23a is BDM and 23b is GD.
M and 23c are RDMs. In addition, from BDM 23a to R
Needless to say, the arrangement of the DM 23c is not limited to the above order, and the final RDM 23c may be replaced with a total reflection mirror.

Reference numerals 24a, 24b and 24c are liquid crystal panels according to an embodiment of the present invention. Among the liquid crystal panels, the liquid crystal panel 24c that modulates the R light has a larger average particle diameter of the water droplet liquid crystal and a thicker liquid crystal film thickness than the other liquid crystal panels. This is because the longer the wavelength of light, the lower the scattering characteristics. The particle size of the water droplet liquid crystal is
It can be controlled by controlling the intensity of ultraviolet light at the time of polymerization or by changing the material used. The liquid crystal film thickness can be adjusted by changing the bead diameter. 25
Reference numerals a, 25b, 25c, 27a, 27b and 27c are lenses, and 26a, 26b and 26c are apertures as diaphragms. Note that 25, 26, and 27 form a projection optical system. Also, the aperture is the F of the lens 25 or the like.
Obviously this is not necessary when the value is large and it is also clear that the projection optics can be replaced by a single lens.

The projection optical system plays a role of transmitting parallel light rays transmitted through each liquid crystal panel and blocking light scattered by each liquid crystal panel. As a result, high-contrast full-color display can be realized on the screen. The contrast is improved by reducing the aperture diameter D of the aperture. But,
The image brightness on the screen is reduced.

The film thickness of the liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal panel of the present invention is 1
At 0 to 15 μm, the optimum condensing angle of the lens is around 6 degrees, and at that time, the contrast is 100: 1 at the center of the screen.
And when projected on a 40-inch screen with a rear system television, the screen gain is 200 ft or more,
Compared with a CRT projection television, it was possible to obtain a screen brightness equal to or higher than that.

The operation of the liquid crystal projection television of the present invention will be described below. Since the R, G, and B light modulation systems have substantially the same operation, the B light modulation system will be described as an example. First, white light is emitted from the condensing optical system 21, and the B light component of the white light is emitted from the BDM 23.
It is reflected by a. The B light is incident on the polymer dispersed liquid crystal panel 24a. The polymer dispersed liquid crystal panel (see FIG.
As shown in (a) and (b), the scattering and transmission states of the incident light are controlled by the signal applied to the pixel electrode to modulate the light.

The scattered light is blocked by the aperture 26a, and conversely, the light within a predetermined angle passes through the aperture 26a. The modulated light is enlarged and projected on a screen (not shown) by the projection lens 24a. As described above, the B light component of the image is displayed on the screen. Similarly, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal panel 24b modulates the light of G light component, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal panel 24c modulates the light of R light component, and a color image is displayed on the screen.

The projection optical system in FIG. 2 is not limited to this. For example, a central shield type optical system in which parallel light is shielded by a light shield and scattered light is projected on the screen may be used. Needless to say.

In the liquid crystal projection television of this embodiment, one projection lens system is provided for each of the R, G, and B light modulation systems, but the invention is not limited to this, and, for example, a mirror or the like. Alternatively, the display images modulated by the liquid crystal panel may be combined into one by using, and then projected into one projection lens system. Further, it is not limited to providing a liquid crystal panel that modulates each of R, G and B lights. For example, a configuration in which a mosaic color filter is attached to one liquid crystal panel and the image of the panel may be projected.

Further, although the liquid crystal panel of the present invention has been described as a transmissive liquid crystal panel, the present invention is not limited to this, and it may be formed as a reflective type. In that case, the pixel electrode may be formed as a reflective electrode with a metal substance such as aluminum. An example of the configuration of the liquid crystal projection television at that time is shown in FIG.

[0034]

As described above, since the liquid crystal panel of the present invention uses the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal, it is possible to obtain a high-brightness screen which is more than twice as bright as the liquid crystal panel using the TN liquid crystal.

Further, by forming a Fresnel lens on the surface in contact with the liquid crystal, the amount of off light can be reduced as compared with the conventional polymer dispersed liquid crystal panel. Therefore, the contrast can be improved and good multi-gradation image display can be realized.

Further, since the liquid crystal projection television of the present invention uses the liquid crystal panel of the present invention, it is possible to realize high brightness of image quality and high contrast display. Further, in the liquid crystal projection television of the present invention, the contrast at each wavelength is significantly improved by changing the average particle diameter or the average pore diameter of the water droplet liquid crystal corresponding to each of the R, G, and B wavelengths. In addition, full-color, high-quality video display can be realized.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of the liquid crystal projection television of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of the liquid crystal projection television of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a liquid crystal panel.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional liquid crystal panel.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a conventional liquid crystal projection television.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal panel.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 Counter Electrode Substrate 12 Array Substrate 14 Pixel Electrode 17 Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal 18 Fresnel Lens 24a, 24b, 24c Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal Panel 26a, 26b, 26c Aperture 54 TN Liquid Crystal 65a, 65b, 65c TN Liquid Crystal Panel 64a, 64b, 64c Polarizing plate 74 Water-drop liquid crystal 75 Polymer

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A polymer-dispersed liquid crystal between at least one of the first electrode substrate and the second electrode substrate having a light-transmitting property, and between the first electrode substrate and the second electrode substrate. And a Fresnel lens is formed on at least one of the electrodes of the first electrode substrate and the electrode of the second electrode substrate. 2. The liquid crystal according to claim 1, wherein the refractive index of the material forming the Fresnel lens is substantially the same as the ordinary refractive index of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal or the refractive index of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal in the scattering state. panel. 3. The liquid crystal panel according to claim 1, a light generation unit, a first optical element part for guiding the light generated by the light generation unit to the liquid crystal panel, and an image formed by applying a signal to the liquid crystal panel. A liquid crystal projection type television, comprising: a drive circuit for displaying the above; and a second optical element part for projecting light modulated by the liquid crystal panel. 4. The light generated by the light generating means is separated by a dichroic mirror into light of three predetermined wavelength ranges of blue light, green light, and red light, and the liquid crystal panel has the above-mentioned three.
The liquid crystal display device according to claim 3, wherein the liquid crystal display device is arranged so as to modulate light in one predetermined wavelength range.