JPH0587317B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0587317B2 JPH0587317B2 JP61092892A JP9289286A JPH0587317B2 JP H0587317 B2 JPH0587317 B2 JP H0587317B2 JP 61092892 A JP61092892 A JP 61092892A JP 9289286 A JP9289286 A JP 9289286A JP H0587317 B2 JPH0587317 B2 JP H0587317B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- treatment
- phosphorus
- aeration
- iron
- sewage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 73
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000398 iron phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 phosphorus ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 241000295146 Gallionellaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010800 human waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Description
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、下水、し尿系汚水、産業汚水等の汚
水からリンを高効率で除去することができる汚水
の処理方法に関するものである。
（従来の技術）
近年、河川、湖沼あるいは海域における富栄養
化の問題が大きく取りあげられている。特に、琵
琶湖、霞が浦等の湖沼では、富栄養化が著しく進
行している。この富栄養化の一つの原因として、
リンが挙げられ、すでに滋賀県、茨城県では県条
例でリンの規制が実施されている。
リンの除去方法については、一般的に生物処理
を終えた処理水にCa，Al，Fe塩等の凝集剤を加
えて、凝集沈澱させる方法が採用されている。し
かしながら、この方法は、凝集剤の注入により難
脱水汚泥が多量に発生し、その処分に多額の費用
を要し、経済的な方法ではない。そのため、簡易
で効率的なリンの処理方法の開発が望まれてい
る。
そこで、本発明者等は、先に、処理槽に接触濾
材として、鉄濾材を単独又はこれを主材にして充
填し、該鉄濾材の表面積に対するリンの負荷が
1.0ｇ／m2・日以下となるように、汚水を導入し、
循環曝気して汚水中の有機物とリンを除去する処
理方法を特開昭60−19139号として提案した。と
ころが、この方法は、鉄濾材上の微生物膜を利用
して循環曝気する方法であり、充填鉄材の量を多
くする必要があつた。
（発明が解決しようとする問題点）
本発明は、上記のような従来の方法は欠点を解
消するものであつて、その目的は、汚水からリン
を高効率で除去することができる汚水の処理方法
を提供することにある。
（問題点を解決するための手段）
本発明者等は上記のような実情に鑑み、従来の
方法の欠点を解消すべく鋭意研究の結果、本発明
に到達した。
すなわち、本発明は、汚水を連続的に流入する
活性汚泥処理方法において、処理槽内に鉄材を、
該鉄材の表面積に対するリンの負荷が0.5ｇ／
m2・日以上５ｇ／m2・日以下になるように充填
し、汚水を間欠曝気処理することを特徴とする汚
水の処理方法を要旨とするものである。
以下、本発明方法を図面に基づいて説明する。
第１図は、本発明において汚水処理に用いる鉄
材を充填した活性汚泥処理装置の一例を示す概略
縦断面図である。第１図において、処理すべき汚
水は汚水導入管１から鉄材２を充填した活性汚泥
処理槽３に連続的に導入される。この処理槽３に
はエアレータ４が設置され、さらに、空気配管５
が接続されている。汚水の処理は、駆動部６から
の動力によつて撹拌されるエアレータ４により間
欠曝気処理される。曝気時には、エアレータ４に
空気が導入され、非曝気時には、空気の導入が停
止されて機械撹拌のみとなる。ここで、間欠曝気
処理とは、曝気と非曝気とを交互に繰り返すもの
である。
引き続き、汚泥混合液は、沈澱槽７に導かれ、
汚泥分離後、処理水８として越流堰から放出され
る。
なお、沈澱汚泥の一部は、返送汚泥としてエア
ーリフトポンプ９で処理槽３に戻される。
本発明の汚水を連続的に流入する活性汚泥処理
方法の特徴は、上記のように、鉄材を活性汚泥槽
に充填すること、鉄材の充填量をリンの処理量に
応じて定めること及び汚水の間欠曝気処理から構
成される。
このような構成を採用することによつて、高効
率でリンを除去することができる。
すなわち、鉄材の充填指標を鉄材表面積に対す
るリンの負荷として0.5ｇ／m2・日以上５ｇ／
m2・日以下になるように、鉄材を充填し、汚水を
間欠曝気処理するものである。
リンの負荷が５ｇ／m2・日以上では脱リン効果
が少なくなり、一方、0.5ｇ／m2・日未満のとき
は、鉄材量を多く必要とし、コストが高くなり、
また、鉄材表面の汚泥により鉄材間が閉塞するお
それがある。
また、汚水を間欠曝気しない場合、すなわち無
曝気又は連続曝気の場合は、リンの処理効果が少
なく、本発明の目的を達成することができない。
次に、間欠曝気処理における曝気時間と非曝気
時間としては、例えばそれぞれ60分以内に好まし
い。
本発明の方法によつて、このように処理する
と、従来の方法に比べて、少ない鉄材充填量で効
率よくリンを処理することができる。
本発明における鉄材によるリン除去機構は、明
瞭ではないが、鉄材面からのFeイオンの溶出分
と汚水中のリンイオン分が反応して結晶状あるい
は非結晶状の不溶性リン酸鉄が形成され、このリ
ン酸鉄が間欠曝気することによつて鉄濾材表面の
微生物膜に包含され、混然一体となるようであ
る。このことと好気−嫌気を繰り返す間欠曝気の
効果により、鉄材表面に付着するリン酸鉄含有微
生物が剥離し易くなり、その結果鉄材表面からの
鉄イオンの溶出がスムースに行われ、リンの除去
効果が向上する。また、活性汚泥槽に存在する鉄
バクテリアが間欠曝気による嫌気−好気の繰り返
しにおける循環に適しているため、従来の方法に
比べると、リンの処理能力が飛躍的に増大し、従
来の連続循環曝気法に比べてリンの処理効果が大
きいものである。
また、鉄材を充填した間欠曝気処理法を採用す
るので、PHが弱アルカリ側（PH7.2〜8.0）で安定
し、脱窒効果も得られる。鉄材の具体例は鉄板、
パンチングメタル、エキスパンドメタル等の平面
状鋼材のほか、丸鋼、Ｔ型、Ｌ型、Ｈ型等の鋼
材、パイプ等の柱状鉄材も使用可能であり、特に
網目状空隙を有する球状充填物、円筒状充填物等
の表面積の大きい形状のものが好ましい。
（実施例）
次に、本発明を実施例によつて、説明する。
実施例 １、比較例 １
角型の活性汚泥処理装置（寸法15cmＷ×17cmＤ
×60cmＨ、水槽容量10）とそれに接続した沈澱
槽（水槽容量３）を用いて汚水を処理した。鉄
材として直径16mmの丸鋼20cm片を１ないし２本浸
漬して用いた。曝気はブロアーを用い、間欠曝気
時間は曝気30分、停止60分として交互に繰り返し
た。
原水は、生活汚水を用い、処理量は10／日と
した。原水の総リン濃度をあらかじめ測定したと
ころ、２〜５mg／程度であつた。原水は連続的
に活性汚泥処理装置に流入させ、処理水は曝気槽
と接続した沈澱槽から超流させた。また沈澱槽で
分離した汚泥は、間欠的に曝気槽に返送した。
比較例として、前記と同様の角型活性汚泥処理
装置（水槽容量10）と沈澱槽（水槽容量３）
を用い、処理条件は曝気を連続的に行う以外は実
施例と同様の条件で並列して、上記実施例と同様
の汚水を処理した。得られた結果を第１表及び第
２図に示した。
(Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a wastewater treatment method that can remove phosphorus from wastewater such as sewage, human waste water, and industrial wastewater with high efficiency. (Prior Art) In recent years, the problem of eutrophication in rivers, lakes, and sea areas has been widely discussed. In particular, eutrophication is progressing significantly in lakes such as Lake Biwa and Kasumigaura. One of the causes of this eutrophication is
Phosphorus is mentioned, and Shiga and Ibaraki prefectures have already regulated phosphorus under prefectural ordinances. A common method for removing phosphorus is to add flocculants such as Ca, Al, and Fe salts to treated water that has undergone biological treatment, and to coagulate and precipitate the water. However, this method is not an economical method because a large amount of difficult-to-dewater sludge is generated due to the injection of the flocculant, and its disposal requires a large amount of cost. Therefore, it is desired to develop a simple and efficient method for treating phosphorus. Therefore, the present inventors first filled a treatment tank with an iron filter medium alone or as a main material as a contact filter medium, thereby reducing the phosphorus load on the surface area of the iron filter medium.
Introduce wastewater so that the concentration is 1.0g/ m2・day or less,
A treatment method for removing organic matter and phosphorus from wastewater by circulating aeration was proposed in JP-A-60-19139. However, this method utilizes a microbial film on the iron filter medium to carry out circulating aeration, and it was necessary to increase the amount of packed iron material. (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention solves the drawbacks of the conventional methods as described above, and its purpose is to provide a treatment for wastewater that can remove phosphorus from wastewater with high efficiency. The purpose is to provide a method. (Means for Solving the Problems) In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the inventors of the present invention have arrived at the present invention as a result of intensive research to eliminate the drawbacks of conventional methods. That is, the present invention provides an activated sludge treatment method in which sewage is continuously introduced, in which iron material is placed in the treatment tank.
The phosphorus load on the surface area of the iron material is 0.5g/
The gist of the present invention is a method for treating sewage, which is characterized by filling the sewage to a concentration of 5 g/m 2 -day or more and below 5 g/m 2 -day, and subjecting the wastewater to intermittent aeration treatment. Hereinafter, the method of the present invention will be explained based on the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing an example of an activated sludge treatment apparatus filled with iron material used for sewage treatment in the present invention. In FIG. 1, sewage to be treated is continuously introduced from a sewage introduction pipe 1 into an activated sludge treatment tank 3 filled with iron material 2. An aerator 4 is installed in this treatment tank 3, and an air pipe 5
is connected. The wastewater is treated by intermittent aeration using an aerator 4 that is stirred by power from a drive unit 6. During aeration, air is introduced into the aerator 4, and during non-aeration, the introduction of air is stopped and only mechanical agitation is performed. Here, the intermittent aeration process is one in which aeration and non-aeration are alternately repeated. Subsequently, the sludge mixture is led to the settling tank 7,
After the sludge is separated, it is discharged as treated water 8 from the overflow weir. Note that a part of the settled sludge is returned to the treatment tank 3 by the air lift pump 9 as return sludge. As mentioned above, the activated sludge treatment method of the present invention in which sewage is continuously introduced is characterized by filling the activated sludge tank with iron material, determining the amount of iron material to be filled in accordance with the amount of phosphorus to be treated, and Consists of intermittent aeration treatment. By employing such a configuration, phosphorus can be removed with high efficiency. In other words, the filling index of the iron material is 0.5 g/m 2 ·day or more as the phosphorus load relative to the surface area of the iron material.
The system is filled with iron material and subjected to intermittent aeration treatment to maintain the concentration of sewage to less than m 2 days. If the phosphorus load is 5 g/m 2 ·day or more, the dephosphorization effect will be reduced, while if it is less than 0.5 g/m 2 ·day, a large amount of iron material will be required, which will increase the cost.
Furthermore, there is a risk that the spaces between the iron materials may become clogged due to sludge on the surface of the iron materials. Furthermore, when wastewater is not aerated intermittently, that is, when there is no aeration or continuous aeration, the phosphorus treatment effect is small and the object of the present invention cannot be achieved. Next, the aeration time and non-aeration time in the intermittent aeration treatment are each preferably within 60 minutes, for example. When the method of the present invention is treated in this way, phosphorus can be treated efficiently with a smaller amount of iron material than the conventional method. Although the mechanism of phosphorus removal by the iron material in the present invention is not clear, the Fe ions eluted from the surface of the iron material and the phosphorus ions in the wastewater react to form crystalline or non-crystalline insoluble iron phosphate. It appears that by intermittent aeration, the iron phosphate is incorporated into the microbial film on the surface of the iron filter medium and becomes an integral part. Due to this and the effect of intermittent aeration that repeats aerobic and anaerobic cycles, microorganisms containing iron phosphate attached to the surface of the iron material are easily detached, and as a result, iron ions are smoothly eluted from the surface of the iron material, and phosphorus is removed. Improves effectiveness. In addition, since the iron bacteria present in the activated sludge tank are suitable for repeated anaerobic-aerobic circulation through intermittent aeration, the processing capacity for phosphorus is dramatically increased compared to conventional methods, and compared to conventional continuous circulation. This method has a greater phosphorus treatment effect than the aeration method. In addition, since we use an intermittent aeration treatment method filled with iron material, the pH is stable at the slightly alkaline side (PH7.2 to 8.0), and a denitrification effect can also be obtained. Specific examples of iron materials are iron plates,
In addition to flat steel materials such as punched metal and expanded metal, round steel, T-shaped, L-shaped, H-shaped steel materials, and columnar iron materials such as pipes can also be used, especially for spherical fillings with mesh-like voids, cylinders, etc. Preferably, the material has a large surface area, such as a shaped filler. (Example) Next, the present invention will be explained by referring to an example. Example 1, Comparative Example 1 Square activated sludge treatment equipment (dimensions: 15cmW x 17cmD)
Wastewater was treated using a sedimentation tank (water tank capacity: 3 x 60 cmH) and a sedimentation tank (water tank capacity: 3) connected to it. As the iron material, one or two pieces of 20 cm round steel with a diameter of 16 mm were dipped and used. Aeration was performed using a blower, and the intermittent aeration time was alternately repeated with 30 minutes of aeration and 60 minutes of stopping. Domestic sewage was used as the raw water, and the treatment rate was 10/day. The total phosphorus concentration of the raw water was measured in advance and was approximately 2 to 5 mg/. Raw water was continuously flowed into the activated sludge treatment equipment, and treated water was superflowed from a settling tank connected to an aeration tank. In addition, the sludge separated in the settling tank was sent back to the aeration tank intermittently. As a comparative example, the same square activated sludge treatment equipment (water tank capacity 10) and settling tank (water tank capacity 3) were used.
The same sewage as in the above example was treated under the same treatment conditions as in the example except that aeration was performed continuously. The results obtained are shown in Table 1 and FIG. 2.
【表】
以上の結果から、本発明の方法の脱リン効果は
連続的曝気活性汚泥法に比べて飛躍的に向上して
いることが明らかである。
また、第２図から、本発明の方法による汚泥処
理において、鉄材表面積に対するリン負荷が５
ｇ／m2・日以下に脱リン率が80％以上であつて、
極めて優れていることが明らかである。一方、連
続曝気式活性汚泥法では、リン除去率は低く、本
発明による間欠曝気式の効果が顕著に現れている
ことが明らかである。
（発明の効果）
本発明の方法は、汚水を連続して流入する活性
汚泥処理方法において、鉄材を該鉄材の表面積に
対するリンの負荷が0.5ｇ／m2・日以上５ｇ／
m2・日以下になるように充填して間欠曝気処理す
るものであるから、処理槽に充填する鉄材の量を
従来の方法に比べて大幅に減少することができ、
極めて高い効率で脱リン処理することができる。
処理槽に充填する鉄材の量が少なくすることがで
きるので、低コストで処理することができ、さら
に充填する鉄材間に微生物が詰まつて閉塞するこ
ともなくなるので、運転管理も容易である。ま
た、汚水中の有機物も効率よく除去することがで
きる。
しかも、好気−嫌気を交互に繰り返す間欠曝気
処理を採用するので、鉄材表面に付着した微生物
膜が剥離し易く、肥厚化しないため、長期間に亘
り安定した脱リン効果が持続でき、その上、高い
脱窒効果も奏するものである。
さらにまた、本発明の方法によつて生成した汚
泥は、貯溜放置してもリンの溶出は少ないもので
あつて、取扱い易いものであり、また、生成した
汚泥はリン酸鉄を主成分とする有機汚泥であるの
で、農作物の肥料として好適に用いることができ
るという利点もある。[Table] From the above results, it is clear that the dephosphorization effect of the method of the present invention is dramatically improved compared to the continuous aeration activated sludge method. Also, from Figure 2, in the sludge treatment by the method of the present invention, the phosphorus load relative to the surface area of the iron material is 5.
g/ m2・day or less, with a dephosphorization rate of 80% or more,
It is clear that it is extremely superior. On the other hand, in the continuous aeration type activated sludge method, the phosphorus removal rate is low, and it is clear that the effect of the intermittent aeration type according to the present invention is remarkable. (Effects of the Invention) The method of the present invention is an activated sludge treatment method in which sewage is continuously introduced.
Since it is filled to a level of less than m 2 days and subjected to intermittent aeration treatment, the amount of iron material to be filled into the treatment tank can be significantly reduced compared to conventional methods.
Dephosphorization treatment can be performed with extremely high efficiency.
Since the amount of iron material filled in the processing tank can be reduced, processing can be performed at low cost, and furthermore, since there is no possibility of microorganisms clogging between the filled iron materials and clogging, operation management is also easy. Moreover, organic matter in wastewater can also be efficiently removed. Moreover, since intermittent aeration treatment is used that alternately repeats aerobic and anaerobic cycles, the microbial film attached to the surface of the iron material is easily peeled off and does not thicken, so a stable dephosphorization effect can be maintained over a long period of time. , it also has a high denitrification effect. Furthermore, the sludge produced by the method of the present invention has little phosphorus elution even when left to be stored, and is easy to handle, and the sludge produced is mainly composed of iron phosphate. Since it is an organic sludge, it also has the advantage of being suitable for use as fertilizer for agricultural crops.
第１図は本発明の方法に用いる活性汚泥処理装
置の一例の概略縦断面図であり、第２図はリン負
荷とリン除去率との関係を示すグラフである。
１……汚水導入管、２……鉄材、３……活性汚
泥処理槽、４……エアーレータ、５……空気配
管、６……駆動部、７……沈澱槽、８……処理
水、９……エアーリフトポンプ。
FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of an example of an activated sludge treatment apparatus used in the method of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between phosphorus load and phosphorus removal rate. 1... Sewage introduction pipe, 2... Iron material, 3... Activated sludge treatment tank, 4... Aerator, 5... Air piping, 6... Drive section, 7... Sedimentation tank, 8... Treated water, 9 ...Air lift pump.
Claims (1)
おいて、処理槽内に鉄材を、該鉄材の表面積に対
するリンの負荷が0.5ｇ／m2・日以上５ｇ／m2・
日以下になるように充填し、汚水を間欠曝気処理
することを特徴とする汚水の処理方法。1. In an activated sludge treatment method in which sewage is continuously introduced, iron material is placed in the treatment tank so that the phosphorus load relative to the surface area of the iron material is 0.5 g/m 2 day or more and 5 g/m 2 day or more.
A method for treating sewage, which is characterized by filling the sewage to a concentration of less than 1 day, and subjecting the sewage to intermittent aeration treatment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61092892A JPS62250994A (en) | 1986-04-22 | 1986-04-22 | Treatment of sewage |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61092892A JPS62250994A (en) | 1986-04-22 | 1986-04-22 | Treatment of sewage |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62250994A JPS62250994A (en) | 1987-10-31 |
| JPH0587317B2 true JPH0587317B2 (en) | 1993-12-16 |
Family
ID=14067108
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61092892A Granted JPS62250994A (en) | 1986-04-22 | 1986-04-22 | Treatment of sewage |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62250994A (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01128898U (en) * | 1988-02-25 | 1989-09-01 | ||
| JPH01218683A (en) * | 1988-02-27 | 1989-08-31 | Nishihara Environ Sanit Res Corp | Waste water treatment method |
| JPH01293197A (en) * | 1988-05-20 | 1989-11-27 | Kirin Brewery Co Ltd | Method of removing phosphorus in living waste water and night soil cleaning tank and cleaning device using this method |
| JP2008272711A (en) * | 2007-05-07 | 2008-11-13 | Itsuo Morizaki | Water clarification method and clarification apparatus |
-
1986
- 1986-04-22 JP JP61092892A patent/JPS62250994A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62250994A (en) | 1987-10-31 |
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