JPH0585792A - Manufacture of joint material for paved block - Google Patents
Manufacture of joint material for paved blockInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0585792A JPH0585792A JP24569991A JP24569991A JPH0585792A JP H0585792 A JPH0585792 A JP H0585792A JP 24569991 A JP24569991 A JP 24569991A JP 24569991 A JP24569991 A JP 24569991A JP H0585792 A JPH0585792 A JP H0585792A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- joint
- resin
- sand
- joint material
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、舗装ブロック目地材料
の製造方法に関する。更に、詳細には、目地砂の分離、
飛散が防止された舗装ブロック目地材料の製造方法に関
する。FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing a pavement block joint material. More specifically, separation of joint sand,
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a paving block joint material in which scattering is prevented.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】通常、インタ−ロッキング・ブロックな
どの舗装用のコンクリ−ト・ブロックを配置並べて、目
地に目地砂を、充填し、ほうきで掃き仕上げを行なって
いる。一般的な施工個所においては、その従来通りの方
法で十分供用に足りるものである。然し、風が強く砂が
飛ばされたり、流水により砂が洗い流される可能性が大
きい場所では、目地の固化が要望される。2. Description of the Related Art Generally, concrete blocks for paving, such as interlocking blocks, are arranged and arranged, joints are filled with joint sand, and a broom is used for sweeping. At a general construction site, the conventional method is sufficient for service. However, solidification of joints is required in places where there is a high possibility that the sand will be blown off by strong winds or that the sand will be washed away by running water.
【０００３】そこで、従来、目地の固化が望まれる場
合、特開平２−２８５１０３号に開示されるように、目
地材に弾性を有する材料を用いている。Therefore, when it is desired to solidify the joint, conventionally, a joint material is made of an elastic material as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-285103.
【０００４】また、目地自体を固化するために、例え
ば、シ−リング材を充填すること、セメントと砂を
プレミックスしたドライモルタルを流し込み、その後、
水分を供給し固化する方法、砂を流し込んだ後、樹脂
（エマルジョン系）を流し込む方法、再乳化型樹脂粉
末と砂をプレミックスしたものを流し込み、その後、水
分を供給し、更に自然乾燥させることにより固化する方
法がある。In order to solidify the joint itself, for example, a sealing material is filled, a dry mortar premixed with cement and sand is poured, and then,
A method of supplying water to solidify, a method of pouring sand (and then a resin (emulsion type)), a method of premixing re-emulsifiable resin powder and sand, and then supplying water and further natural drying. There is a method of solidifying by.
【０００５】の方法による従来の舗装ブロック目地材
は、安価で施工も容易であるが、弾性を有さず、たわみ
性舗装であるブロック舗装には適していない。また施工
後目地部に白華を生じ美観上問題となることがある。
及びの方法による従来の舗装ブロック目地はコストが
高く、施工も手間がかかるという問題がある。の方法
による従来の舗装ブロック目地材は、再乳化型粉末樹脂
が一度水に分散し、更に、乾燥し、ポリマ−・フィルム
を造膜することにより固化が成される。即ち、粉末樹脂
添加目地材を通常の砂目地と同様に目地へ流し込んだ
後、散水し、１〜２日乾燥させ、固化させる方法であ
る。このによる方法は、安価で施工も容易であり、且
つ固化体が適度な弾性を有するため、ブロック舗装に適
している。The conventional pavement block joint material produced by the method (1) is inexpensive and easy to construct, but does not have elasticity and is not suitable for a flexible pavement block pavement. In addition, white sinter may occur on the joints after construction, which may cause an aesthetic problem.
The conventional pavement block joints according to the methods (1) and (2) have the problems that the cost is high and the construction is troublesome. In the conventional pavement block joint material by the method described in (1), the re-emulsifiable powder resin is once dispersed in water, and then dried and solidified by forming a polymer film. That is, this is a method in which a powder resin-containing joint material is poured into a joint as in the case of a normal sand joint, followed by sprinkling water, drying for 1 to 2 days, and solidifying. This method is suitable for block pavement because it is inexpensive and easy to construct, and the solidified body has appropriate elasticity.
【０００６】然し乍ら、再乳化型樹脂は、水への分散を
良くするため、また少量の添加で砂と均質に混合させる
ために、微粉末タイプである必要があるが、施工時、風
やほうき仕上げにより樹脂が飛散し、周辺環境を汚濁す
ることがある。また、樹脂はみかけ比重が小さいため、
目地への流し込みの際に、砂と樹脂が分離し、不均質に
なり易い。また、再乳化樹脂としては、一般に酢酸ビニ
ル系樹脂が用いられるが、この樹脂は、フィルム造膜・
硬化する前は、特有な刺激臭を持つものである。従っ
て、みかけ比重の小さな酢酸ビニル系樹脂の使用は、目
地施工時に、風やほうき仕上げにより飛散し、作業環
境、周辺環境への刺激臭を与えるという問題がある。However, the re-emulsifying resin needs to be a fine powder type in order to improve the dispersion in water and to mix it uniformly with sand with a small amount of addition. Finishing may cause resin to scatter and pollute the surrounding environment. Also, since the resin has a small apparent specific gravity,
When pouring into joints, the sand and resin tend to separate and become inhomogeneous. Further, vinyl acetate resin is generally used as the re-emulsifying resin, but this resin is
Before hardening, it has a characteristic irritating odor. Therefore, the use of a vinyl acetate resin having a small apparent specific gravity has a problem that it scatters due to wind or broom finishing during joint construction and gives an irritating odor to the work environment and the surrounding environment.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、上記の問題
点を解決するためになされたもので、舗装ブロックの目
地材として用いられ、取り扱いが容易で、コスト的に有
利で、目地砂の飛散のない舗装ブロック目地材料の製造
方法を提供することを目的とする。更に、砂と樹脂の材
料分離が生じ難く、施工時の樹脂飛散による環境汚濁を
低減させ、且つ施工後に目地砂の飛散、流出のなる舗装
ブロック目地材料の製造方法を提供することを目的とす
る。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and is used as a joint material for pavement blocks, is easy to handle, is advantageous in terms of cost, and is effective for joint sand. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a paving block joint material without scattering. Further, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a pavement block joint material in which the material separation of sand and resin hardly occurs, the environmental pollution due to resin scattering at the time of construction is reduced, and the joint sand scatters and flows out after construction. ..
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、上記の技術的
な課題の解決のためになされたもので、目地用砂にあら
かじめ水分を与え、充分に混合し、該砂を湿らせた後
に、再乳化型樹脂粉末を所定量混合することを特徴とす
る舗装ブロック目地材料の製造方法を提供する。そし
て、好適には、目地用砂にあらかじめ水分は、１〜３重
量％である。また、湿らせた砂に添加する再乳化型樹脂
粉末の量は、２〜１０重量％が好適である。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. The joint sand is preliminarily moisturized, thoroughly mixed, and then moistened. Provided is a method for manufacturing a pavement block joint material, which comprises mixing a predetermined amount of re-emulsifiable resin powder. And preferably, the water content of the joint sand is 1 to 3% by weight in advance. Further, the amount of the re-emulsifying resin powder added to the moistened sand is preferably 2 to 10% by weight.
【０００９】[0009]
【作用】本発明による舗装ブロック目地材料の製造方法
においては、舗装ブロックの目地材として用いられ、取
り扱いが容易でコスト的に有利で砂と樹脂の材料分離が
生じ難く、施工時の樹脂飛散による環境汚濁を低減さ
せ、且つ、施工後に目地砂の飛散、流出のない舗装ブロ
ック目地材料の製造方法を提供することができた。更
に、樹脂として、酢酸ビニル系のものを用いる場合、施
工時に問題となる樹脂の刺激臭がなく、施工後、早期に
安定固化する舗装ブロック目地材料の製造方法が提供さ
れた。In the method of manufacturing a pavement block joint material according to the present invention, it is used as a jointing material for a pavement block, is easy to handle, is advantageous in terms of cost, does not easily cause material separation between sand and resin, and is caused by resin scattering during construction. It has been possible to provide a method for manufacturing a pavement block joint material that reduces environmental pollution and does not scatter or flow out joint sand after construction. Further, when a vinyl acetate-based resin is used as the resin, there is provided a method for producing a pavement block joint material which does not have a pungent odor of the resin which is a problem during construction and which is stably solidified early after construction.
【００１０】本発明の舗装ブロック目地材料で主に用い
る再乳化型樹脂は、酢酸ビニル系であり、それは、独特
の匂いを有し、また、みかけ比重の小さい微粉である。
そのために、目地施工時のほうき仕上げの際に、樹脂粉
末が風に舞い、刺激臭がし、作業環境、周辺の環境を阻
害する。そこで、あらかじめ、水分を含有させた珪砂粒
子に、樹脂粉末を、からませ、施工時に樹脂粉末が飛び
散らないようにすることにより、刺激臭の低減ができる
かどうかを調査した。また、目地への流し込み易さを損
なわない水分添加量を把握した。The re-emulsifying resin mainly used in the pavement block joint material of the present invention is a vinyl acetate type resin, which is a fine powder having a unique odor and a small apparent specific gravity.
Therefore, at the time of broom finishing at the time of joint construction, the resin powder flies in the wind and gives off an irritating odor, which hinders the working environment and the surrounding environment. Therefore, it was investigated whether or not the irritating odor could be reduced by entangling the resin powder on the silica sand particles containing water in advance and preventing the resin powder from scattering during the construction. In addition, the amount of water added without compromising the ease of pouring into joints was grasped.
【００１１】本発明の舗装ブロック目地材料では、目地
に使用されるときに、特に、強い強度が要求されないた
めに、水道水をホ−スで流し、目地が洗堀されない程度
を目標として、調査した。即ち、本発明によると、舗装
ブロック目地材料は、樹脂粉末と珪砂が混合されて、容
易に、目地に流し込まれ、固化させることができる。Since the pavement block joint material of the present invention is not particularly required to have high strength when used for joints, tap water is flown by a hose, and the joint is investigated so that the joint is not scourd. did. That is, according to the present invention, the pavement block joint material can be easily poured into the joint and solidified by mixing the resin powder and the silica sand.
【００１２】即ち、目地用砂にあらかじめ水分を与え、
充分に混合し、該砂を湿らせた後に、再乳化型樹脂粉末
を所定量混合して得られた目地材料を舗装ブロックの目
地の充填に用いる。珪砂に予め、水を加え、良く混合
し、更に、樹脂粉末を混合し、樹脂が砂粒子をからめる
ような状態にして用いる。そのために、刺激臭の問題
は、なくなる。水分添加は、適当量で行なうと、水は樹
脂に吸収され、見掛け上、乾いた状態となり、目地への
流し込みは、容易であり、流し込み性は良好である。That is, water is previously added to the joint sand,
A joint material obtained by thoroughly mixing and moistening the sand and then mixing a predetermined amount of re-emulsifiable resin powder is used for filling joints of a pavement block. Water is added to silica sand in advance and mixed well, and further resin powder is mixed in such a state that the resin entangles the sand particles. Therefore, the problem of irritating odor disappears. If water is added in an appropriate amount, water will be absorbed by the resin and will appear to be in a dry state, and it will be easy to pour into the joints and the pourability will be good.
【００１３】そして、好適には、目地用砂にあらかじめ
水分は、１〜３重量％である。湿らせる水分量は、１重
量％未満では、充分に樹脂を砂にからめた状態にでき
ず、樹脂と砂が分離し易く、また、樹脂が飛散し刺激臭
が生じ易い。３重量％を超えると、樹脂と混合しても、
みかけ上湿った状態となり、目地への流し込みが困難と
なる。Preferably, the joint sand has a water content of 1 to 3% by weight in advance. If the amount of water to be moistened is less than 1% by weight, the resin cannot be sufficiently entangled in the sand, the resin and the sand are easily separated, and the resin is easily scattered to cause a pungent smell. If it exceeds 3% by weight, even if mixed with resin,
It will be apparently damp and it will be difficult to pour it into joints.
【００１４】また、湿らせた砂に添加する再乳化型樹脂
粉末の量は、２〜１０重量％が好適である。２重量％未
満では、固化のために十分でなく、洗い流される恐れが
ある。また、１０重量％を超えると、それ以上増量して
も、不経済である。The amount of the re-emulsifying resin powder added to the moistened sand is preferably 2 to 10% by weight. If it is less than 2% by weight, it is not sufficient for solidification and may be washed out. Further, if it exceeds 10% by weight, it is uneconomical even if the amount is further increased.
【００１５】次に、本発明の舗装ブロック目地材料の製
造方法について、具体的に実施例により説明するが、本
発明はそれらによって限定されるものではない。Next, the method for producing the pavement block joint material of the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
【００１６】[0016]
【実施例】５号珪砂を用い、ポリマ−・エマルジョン粉
末として、ヘキスト合成株式会社製の粉末エマルジョン
（酢酸ビニル・ベオバ共重合樹脂：モビニ−ルパウダ−
ＤＭ２００）を用いた。[Example] Using No. 5 silica sand, as a polymer emulsion powder, a powder emulsion manufactured by Hoechst Synthetic Co., Ltd. (vinyl acetate / Veova copolymer resin: mobile powder)
DM200) was used.
【００１７】あらかじめ珪砂を、表１に示す重量％の水
を散布混合することにより、湿らせた。次に、湿らせた
砂に、２重量％、５重量％或いは１０重量％のポリマ−
・エマルジョン粉末を混合して、舗装ブロック目地材料
とした。The silica sand was previously moistened by sprinkling and mixing with water of the weight% shown in Table 1. Then add 2%, 5% or 10% polymer by weight to the moistened sand.
-Emulsion powder was mixed to make a paving block joint material.
【００１８】このようにして製造した舗装ブロック目地
材料を、試験的に敷き並べた舗装用ブロック（商標：サ
ンブロック）の目地に流し込み、その流し込み易さを評
価した。また、流し込み時の匂いについても評価した。
それらの結果を表１に示す。なお、珪砂に１重量％でも
水を加えると、かなり湿った状態になるが、ポリマ−・
エマルジョン粉末を適当量加え良く混練すると、あたか
も乾燥したように、さらさらの状態になる。The pavement block joint material thus produced was poured into the joints of paving blocks (trademark: Sunblock) laid out on a trial basis, and the ease of pouring was evaluated. In addition, the odor during pouring was also evaluated.
The results are shown in Table 1. If 1% by weight of water is added to silica sand, it will be in a considerably wet state.
If you add a proper amount of emulsion powder and knead well, it will be in a silky state as if it were dried.
【００１９】[0019]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２０】尚、表１に示す［流し込み易さの評価］の
記号では、×は悪で、やや湿った状態で流し込み難いこ
とを示し、○は可で、目地幅約１ｍｍでは流し込み難い
ことを示し、☆は良好で、目地幅約１ｍｍでも流し込め
ることを示す。また、表１で、臭と示すものは、匂いの
強いことを示す。In the symbol "Evaluation of easiness of pouring" shown in Table 1, "X" means bad, and it is difficult to pour in a slightly damp state, "○" means good, and joint width of about 1 mm means difficult to pour. In the figure, a star indicates that it is good and that even a joint width of about 1 mm can be poured. Moreover, in Table 1, what is shown as an odor shows that it has a strong odor.
【００２１】［樹脂添加量と目地の固化状態との関係を
調べる試験］試験は、室内において、ブロックを敷設し
た目地モデルを用いて行なった。目地の幅は、約１．５
ｍｍ、２ｍｍ及び３ｍｍの３水準である。そして、ポリ
マ−・エマルジョン粉末の添加量は、２．５重量％、
５．０重量％、７．５重量％及び１０．０重量％の４水
準である。予め、１重量％或いは２重量％の水を良く混
ぜた５号珪砂を用意し、所定量のポリマ−・エマルジョ
ン粉末を更に添加し良く混練したものを試験舗装ブロッ
ク目地材料とした。試験目地材料を目地モデルに流し込
んだ後、ほうきでブロック表面の余剰目地材を排除し
た。その後、噴霧器で水を噴霧し、その直後には若干浮
き水がある程度に供給した。その後、試験体は、そのま
ま室内に放置し、自然乾燥させた。[Test for investigating the relationship between the amount of resin added and the solidification state of joints] The test was conducted indoors using a joint model in which blocks were laid. The width of the joint is about 1.5
mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm. And, the addition amount of the polymer emulsion powder is 2.5% by weight,
There are four levels of 5.0% by weight, 7.5% by weight and 10.0% by weight. In advance, No. 5 silica sand which was well mixed with 1% by weight or 2% by weight of water was prepared, and a predetermined amount of polymer emulsion powder was further added and well kneaded to obtain a test pavement block joint material. After pouring the test joint material into the joint model, the excess joint material on the block surface was removed with a broom. After that, water was sprayed with a sprayer, and immediately after that, some floating water was supplied to some extent. Then, the test body was left as it was in the room and naturally dried.
【００２２】試験の翌日に観察すると、５重量％添加で
は、目地材はやや弾力のある状態で固化していた。２．
５重量％添加のものは、指で強くこすると表面の砂がと
れる状態であった。そのまま、材齢５日まで放置した
後、耐流水試験を行なった。耐流水試験は、水道ホ−ス
を用いて、水を目地に流し、目地が洗掘されないかを観
察した。Observation on the day after the test revealed that the joint material solidified in a slightly elastic state when 5% by weight was added. 2.
In the case of adding 5% by weight, the surface sand could be removed by rubbing with a finger. The specimen was left as it was for 5 days, and then a water flow resistance test was conducted. In the running water resistance test, water was flowed through the joint using a water hose and it was observed whether or not the joint was scoured.
【００２３】２．５重量％添加のものは、流水により、
表面部の砂が薄く洗い流された。更に、ホ−ス口を絞
り、いきおく良く水流をあてると、部分的に深く砂が流
され、洗掘を生じた。５重量％では、水を流しただけで
は、ほとんど砂が洗い流されず、ホ−ス口を絞り、いき
おい良く水流をあてると目地表面が極薄く洗い流された
（問題となるような深さでない）。これは、施工時に表
面近くのポリマ−・エマルジョンが洗い落ちて、目地表
面の脆弱層ができているためと考えられる。７．５重量
％及び１０重量％のものでは、ホ−ス口を絞っていきお
い良く水をあてても、特に変化は見られなかった。この
試験結果から、本発明の舗装ブロック目地材料を使用す
るブロック舗装場所の供用環境が過酷である場合には、
樹脂の添加量は５重量％以上が好ましいと言える。The one with 2.5% by weight was added with running water.
The surface sand was washed away lightly. Further, when the hose mouth was narrowed down and the water flow was satisfactorily applied, the sand was partially drained deeply, resulting in scouring. At 5% by weight, almost no sand was washed off by simply running water, and the joint surface was washed off very thinly (no problem depth) when the hose mouth was narrowed and the water flow was applied vigorously. It is thought that this is because the polymer emulsion near the surface was washed off during construction, forming a brittle layer on the joint surface. With 7.5% by weight and 10% by weight, no particular change was observed even if the hose mouth was squeezed and water was thoroughly applied. From this test result, when the service environment of the block paving place using the paving block joint material of the present invention is severe,
It can be said that the addition amount of the resin is preferably 5% by weight or more.
【００２４】[0024]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明の舗装ブロ
ック目地材料の製造方法により、前記のような効果が得
られた。それらをまとめると、次のような顕著な技術的
効果となる。即ち、第１に、以上の説明で明らかなよう
に、舗装ブロックの目地材として用いられ、取り扱いが
容易で、コスト的に有利で、目地砂の飛散流出のない舗
装ブロック目地材料が得られた。第２に、再乳化樹脂粉
末として、酢酸ビニル系のものを用いる場合、施工時に
問題となる樹脂の刺激臭がなく、施工後、早期に安定固
化する舗装ブロック目地材料の製造が提供された。As described above, according to the method for manufacturing the pavement block joint material of the present invention, the above-mentioned effects are obtained. Summarizing them, the following remarkable technical effects are obtained. That is, firstly, as is clear from the above description, a pavement block joint material which is used as a joint material for a pavement block, is easy to handle, is advantageous in cost, and has no scattering and outflow of joint sand is obtained. .. Secondly, when a vinyl acetate-based re-emulsified resin powder is used, there is provided a pavement block joint material that does not have a pungent odor of a resin that is a problem during construction and that is stable and solidified early after construction.
Claims (2)
に混合し、該砂を湿らせた後に、再乳化型樹脂粉末を所
定量混合することを特徴とする舗装ブロック目地材料の
製造方法。1. A method for producing a pavement block joint material, which comprises previously giving water to joint sand, thoroughly mixing it, moistening the sand, and then mixing a predetermined amount of re-emulsifiable resin powder.
％であり、湿らせた砂に添加する再乳化型樹脂粉末の量
は、２〜１０重量％であることを特徴とする請求項１に
記載の舗装ブロック目地材料の製造方法。2. The joint sand has a water content of 1 to 3% by weight in advance, and the re-emulsifying resin powder added to the moistened sand has an amount of 2 to 10% by weight. Item 2. A method for producing a pavement block joint material according to Item 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03245699A JP3094548B2 (en) | 1991-09-25 | 1991-09-25 | Manufacturing method of pavement block joint material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03245699A JP3094548B2 (en) | 1991-09-25 | 1991-09-25 | Manufacturing method of pavement block joint material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0585792A true JPH0585792A (en) | 1993-04-06 |
| JP3094548B2 JP3094548B2 (en) | 2000-10-03 |
Family
ID=17137495
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03245699A Expired - Fee Related JP3094548B2 (en) | 1991-09-25 | 1991-09-25 | Manufacturing method of pavement block joint material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3094548B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003037817A1 (en) * | 2001-11-02 | 2003-05-08 | John Thomas Liddy | Improved block paving sand |
| WO2004037741A3 (en) * | 2002-10-24 | 2004-06-17 | Wacker Polymer Systems Gmbh | Use of polymer powders that are redispersible in water as a binding agent for jointing sand |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101499648B1 (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2015-03-06 | 주식회사 한스훈코리아 | Pavements construction methode using joint sand |
| NL2025696B1 (en) | 2020-05-28 | 2022-01-13 | Sustainable Tree Systems B V | Method for sealing a joint of paving |
-
1991
- 1991-09-25 JP JP03245699A patent/JP3094548B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003037817A1 (en) * | 2001-11-02 | 2003-05-08 | John Thomas Liddy | Improved block paving sand |
| WO2004037741A3 (en) * | 2002-10-24 | 2004-06-17 | Wacker Polymer Systems Gmbh | Use of polymer powders that are redispersible in water as a binding agent for jointing sand |
| EP1719743A1 (en) * | 2002-10-24 | 2006-11-08 | Wacker Polymer Systems GmbH & Co. KG | Use of water redispersible polymer powders as a binding agent for jointing sand |
| US7582695B2 (en) | 2002-10-24 | 2009-09-01 | Wacker Chemie Ag | Use of polymer powders that are redispersible in water as a binding agent for jointing sand |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3094548B2 (en) | 2000-10-03 |
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