JPH0578417U - Grooving side cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] Not only is it economical, it is possible to process a groove with a bottom surface efficiently and in a short time, and it is relatively easy to handle such as blade edge size control, and it is a highly accurate groove. Providing things that can be processed. [Structure] A groove bottom surface cutting edge 5 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the groove side cutter body 1 so as to protrude from the outer peripheral surface in the radial direction to process the bottom surface of the groove. A cutting edge 8 for rough finishing of groove width, a cutting edge 8 for rough finishing of groove width, a cutting edge 9 for medium finishing of groove width, and a cutting edge 10 for final finishing of groove width, which are paired with each other and whose cutting width is gradually widened. It is characterized in that they are sequentially arranged along.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is a side cutter suitable for use in machining a groove having a bottom surface, such as a key groove or an orthogonal groove provided on a table of a large machine tool, particularly, an improved groove machining efficiency and a tool. The present invention relates to a side cutter for grooving, which has a longer life and simplifies blade edge size control.

[0002]

[Prior Art]

 Conventionally, machining of a groove having a bottom surface such as the key groove has been generally performed by using an end mill as a machining tool. The procedure for grooving with this end mill is to first perform rough machining on the groove, then perform medium finishing of the groove width and finishing of the groove bottom, and then use an end mill that has been polished within the limits of the specified dimensions. It is common practice to finish the groove width afterwards.

When there is no end mill with a predetermined size, the end width of the groove is reduced by using an end mill with a negative diameter to perform groove processing while aligning the width. I am trying. In addition, in the case of large workpieces, width-shifting processing is not generally adopted.

Tools other than the end mills used for machining grooves having a bottom surface include a bite, a metal saw, a side cutter, and the like.

Here, the conventional side cutter is generally used only for rough machining of grooves, and is not employed for highly accurate groove width finishing with a bottom surface. This is because development of the side cutter was delayed due to difficulty in controlling the dimension of the cutting edge, and there was no machine tool to use it.

[0006] The applicant previously filed Japanese Utility Model Application No. 56-105535 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-31369) and arranged on the outer peripheral portions of both side surfaces of the side cutter body so as to gradually expand to the finish width. A plurality of pairs of cutting blades are provided, the cutting blades of each pair partially overlap each other in the radial direction with respect to the rotation direction, and the pair of cutting blades having the smallest width has the maximum diameter. We proposed that the wider the cutting edge, the smaller it gradually becomes so that the width of the groove can be expanded stepwise by one rotation of the side cutter to make it a predetermined size. This is for T-groove processing, and cannot be applied to groove processing with a groove bottom as it is.

Further, the metal saw uses elasticity of a cutting tool, is used only for narrow groove widths, and is not suitable for groove widths of 5 mm or more.

[0008] Furthermore, although a parting work with a cutting tool in a planer is also often adopted, as in the case of the end mill, roughing, intermediate finishing, and final finishing are performed three times. High precision groove processing with a bottom surface is performed by using cutting tools of different widths each time.

Further, as a special tool, there is an eccentric end mill chuck for the purpose of dimensional control of the end mill blade edge and economical cost of the tool, and there is also end mill processing that employs this, but this processing uses long grooves. There is a problem with the grooving, and it is the current situation that it has not been adopted.

[0010]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 As in the above-mentioned conventional example, rough machining is first performed using an end mill or side cutter to machine a groove with a bottom surface, and then intermediate finishing and main finishing are performed with another end mill that has been ground to a specified size. However, if there is no end mill that has been ground to the specified size, and the width reduction process is performed using an end mill with a negative diameter, the machining efficiency is poor, especially because the medium finishing process and the finishing process are performed separately. Processing time is required. In addition, it is difficult to control the size of the end mill blade edge for machining with a narrow limit width, and it may become defective during blade edge polishing when determining the blade edge dimension of the end mill.

In addition, even in the case of a dimension-controlled end mill, if the spindle of the machine tool to be used has runout, the runout of this spindle greatly affects the finishing dimension of the groove width. , It may not be possible to use even dimensionally controlled end mills that are not ridiculous that need to be test cut.

Further, in the end mill processing, if the processing length of the groove width processing is long, the wear of the cutting edge progresses, and the groove width dimension at the beginning of processing and the groove width dimension at the end of processing are different from each other, so that an accurate product can be manufactured. Not only can there be things that cannot be done, but the end mill also performs cutting that is not related to the groove width for line cutting, resulting in a short tool life and a high tool cost. Moreover, since the end mill is long for its diameter, it is not only relatively rigid as a tool, but it is also weak against cutting resistance and can be pushed in one direction when forced cutting is performed. is there.

As described above, there are many problems in grooving using an end mill, and high technology is required to use them.

In addition, the finishing process of the groove width using the side cutter does not always have a problem in the surface roughness, and generally, it takes a lot of processing time to perform the width adjustment to a predetermined dimension. Therefore, it is only used for rough groove widths.

Parting off using a cutting tool in a planar not only requires a long processing time as in the case of an end mill, but it is generally quite difficult to control the cutting edge size of the cutting tool used for final processing, and When the width of the cutting edge is polished, it may not be able to enter the limit and it may be defective.

[0016] Incidentally, this planar work is generally inefficient in processing other parts and tends to decrease as an equipment machine, and it is the current situation that the equipment machine only with the groove machining is economically disadvantageous. ..

In view of the above, the present invention is not only economically effective, and is capable of efficiently processing a groove having a bottom surface in a short time, and is relatively easy to handle such as blade edge size control and has high precision. An object of the present invention is to provide a side cutter for grooving capable of performing grooving.

[0018]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In order to achieve the above object, a groove side cutter according to the present invention is provided with a groove bottom surface cutting blade that is formed on the outer peripheral surface of a groove side cutter body to project the bottom surface of the groove in a radial direction from the outer peripheral surface. On both sides of the outer peripheral part of the cutter body, a pair of cutting edges for groove width rough finishing, in which the cutting width formed by each pair gradually widens, a cutting edge for groove width medium finishing, and a groove width The main cutting edge and the cutting edge for main finishing are sequentially arranged along the cutting direction, and the pair of rough groove finishing edges are formed on both sides of the outer peripheral portion of the side cutter main body in the circumferential direction of the main body. Along the cutting edges for rough finishing, which are adjacent to each other on both sides of the outer peripheral portion of the side cutter body, the cutting width formed by each pair forming a pair widens in order and extends to the cutting edge. Groove width with decreasing diameter in order And is characterized in the this are sequentially arranged along the cutting edge for finishing cutting edge and groove width present in the cutting direction.

[0019]

[Action]

 According to the present invention having the above-mentioned structure, according to the rotation of the side cutter, first, the bottom surface of the groove is finished by the cutting edge for processing the groove bottom surface. Cutting width for rough finishing, groove width for medium finishing and groove width for cutting to the finishing width while increasing the cutting width in order from the cutting edge for main finishing to the bottom surface by one rotation of the side cutter. The groove width and the groove width can be processed at the same time.

Further, according to the present invention as set forth in claim 2, a plurality of groove width rough finishing cutting edges rough-finish the groove width to a groove whose bottom surface has been finished in advance, and the grooves are adjacent to each other. The groove width which is arranged between the rough groove cutting edges and the groove width medium finishing cutting edge and the groove width main finishing cutting edge cause the groove width expanding action to be performed, and thus the cutting blade involved in the groove width expanding action. It is possible to stabilize and reduce the machining allowance, thereby reducing the range of the incomplete groove width portion and performing groove width processing of a groove having a bottom surface.

[0021]

【Example】

 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 to 5 show a first embodiment. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a cutter body, and the cutter body 1 is shaped like a disc, and the central portion thereof is closer to the outer peripheral portion. By increasing the wall thickness, the rigidity is increased. The cutter body 1 is provided with a central hole 2 for positioning with a machine tool, a plurality of set holes 3 for clamping with a spindle (not shown), and for transmitting torque during rotation. The drive key groove 4 is formed.

Further, on the outer peripheral surface of the cutter main body 1, a plurality of groove bottom surface processing cutting blades 5 are provided along the circumferential direction thereof. That is, a plurality of trapezoidal grooves are dug in the outer peripheral surface of the cutter body 1, the cutting edge 5 for cutting the groove bottom and the wedge 6 are inserted into the grooves, and the wedge 6 is screwed with the screw 7. A cutting edge 5 for groove bottom machining is attached to the cutter body 1.

The cutting blades 5 for rough finishing of groove width are located in the vicinity of the rotation direction A side of the cutter body 1 of each of the groove bottom surface processing cutting edges 5 and on both side surfaces of the outer peripheral portion of the cutter body 1. 8 are provided in a plurality, and are located in the groove width expanding action range ψ between the groove bottom machining edge 5 and the groove width rough finishing edge 8, and both side surfaces of the outer peripheral portion of the cutter body 1 are positioned. The cutting edge 8 for rough finishing of groove width, the cutting edge 9 for medium finishing of groove width and the cutting edge 10 for main finishing of groove width, which are paired with each other, in the cutting direction (in the rotation direction A of the cutter body 1). They are arranged one after the other (in the opposite direction).

The cutting blades 8, 9 and 10 are attached to the left and right sides of the cutter body 1 with countersunk screws 11 with a certain clearance angle, and the cutting blades 8, 9 and 10 have A chip pocket 12 is provided.

Details of the cutting edges 5, 8, 9, and 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5.

The cutting edge 5 for machining the groove bottom surface is for machining only the bottom surface of the pre-machining groove 14 formed in advance on the surface of the workpiece 13, and this width is the width of the pre-machining groove 14. The size is set to be narrower than the width and is set in the center of the cutter body 1 in the thickness direction. Further, the distance r ₁ from the center O of the cutter body 1 to the cutting edge of the groove bottom surface cutting edge 5 (hereinafter referred to as the radius of the cutting edge 5) is larger than the radius r ₀ to the outer peripheral surface 1a of the cutter body 1 ( r ₁ > r ₀ ) is set, whereby the cutting edge of the groove bottom machining blade 5 projects radially from the outer peripheral surface of the cutter body 1, and this projected amount r ₁ −r ₀ is defined as the bottom removal amount t ₁ . Has been.

The cutting blade 8 for rough groove width finishing is for performing rough finishing processing (rough processing) of the groove width of the pre-machining groove 14, and is a cutting groove rough finishing cutting from the center O of the cutter body 1. The distance r _{2 to} the cutting edge of the blade 8 (hereinafter referred to as the radius of the cutting edge 8) is set to be larger than the radius r _{1 of the} cutting edge 5 by Δr ₁ (Δr ₁ = r ₂ −r ₁ > 0). At the same time, the cutting width w ₁ formed by the pair of cutting edges is set to be larger than the width w ₀ of the cutter body 1 (w ₁ > w ₀ ).

As a result, due to the difference Δr _{1 in the} radius, relief grooves 15 deeper than the machining groove depth d ₀ are cut and formed on the left and right of the groove bottom surface, and the cutting width w ₁ and the pre-machining groove 14 are formed. The difference from the groove width is the sum of the left and right rough finishing allowances t ₂ .

The groove width intermediate finishing cutting edge 9 is for performing the intermediate finishing of the groove width of the groove cut by the rough groove width finishing edge cutting edge 8. The distance r _{3 to} the cutting edge of the width-to-finishing cutting edge 9 (hereinafter referred to as the radius of the cutting edge 9) is smaller than the half diameter r _{2 of the} cutting edge 8 by Δr ₂ and the radius r _{1 of the} cutting edge 5 is It is set smaller (Δr ₂ = r ₂ −r ₃ > 0, r ₃ <r ₁ ), and the cutting width w ₂ formed by a pair of cutting edges is the same as that of the cutting edge 8 for rough groove width finishing. It is set to be larger than the cutting width w ₁ (w ₂ > w ₁ ).

As a result, the cutting edge 9 for finishing the groove width does not come into contact with the bottom surface of the groove, and the difference w ₂ −w ₁ between the cutting widths becomes the total of the left and right finishing finishes t _3. It is done like this.

The groove width main finishing cutting edge 10 is for performing the main finishing of the groove width of the groove cut by the groove width middle finishing cutting edge 9, and the groove O from the center O of the cutter body 1 The distance r _{4 to} the cutting edge of the main cutting edge 10 (hereinafter referred to as the radius of the cutting edge 10) is smaller than the radius r _{3 of the} cutting edge 9 by Δr ₃ (Δr ₃ = r ₃ −r ₄ > 0). ) together is set, the cutting width w ₃ which is formed by a pair of cutting edges, the greater than switching Kezuhaba w ₂ of the groove width in the finish for the cutting edge _{9 (w 3> w 2>} w 1) is set ing.

As a result, the groove width main finishing cutting edge 10 does not come into contact with the groove bottom surface, and the cutting width difference w ₃ −w ₂ is the sum of the left and right finishing allowances t _4. Has been done.

Next, the groove width expanding operation will be described with reference to FIG.

The groove bottom surface cutting edge 5 cuts the bottom surface allowance t ₁ with a plurality of blades and does not participate in groove width cutting. The groove width expanding action is performed by the groove width rough finishing cutting edge 8, the groove width intermediate finishing cutting edge 9 and the groove width main finishing cutting edge 10 in the groove width expanding action range ψ.

The rough-groove finishing cutting edge 8 having the maximum radius r ₂ as a cutting edge is rotated by the rotation of the cutter body 1 in the rotation direction A and the feed of the workpiece 13 in the feed direction B during cutting. , With a cutting width w ₁ and a maximum groove depth d ₁ . At this time, the rough finishing allowance t ₂ of the groove width is the same on the left and right.

The groove width, which has been cut to the cutting width w ₁ by the rough groove width finish cutting edge 8, is subsequently processed to the cutting width w ₂ by the groove width middle finishing cutting edge 9. At this time, the intermediate finishing allowance t ₃ is the same amount on the left and right, and in the radial direction, there is a difference of Δr ₂ between the radius r ₂ of the cutting edge 8 and the radius r ₃ of the cutting edge 9, and the cutting edge 9 Since the radius r ₃ is smaller, the cutting edge 8 for rough groove width finishing is not cut by the cutting edge 9 for medium groove width finishing.

Immediately after cutting with the medium-width finishing cutting blade 9, the cutting width w ₃ is processed with the groove-width main finishing cutting blade 10 positioned as the rear blade, and this is used as the final groove width dimension. To do. The finishing allowance t ₄ at this time is the same amount on the left and right, and there is a difference of Δr ₃ between the radius r ₃ of the cutting edge 9 and the radius r _{4 of the} cutting edge 10 in the radial direction, and Since the radius r ₄ is smaller, the groove width intermediate finishing cutting edge 9 does not cut other cutting edges.

This completes the cutting of the groove width. At this time, since the half diameter r ₄ of the cutting edge 10 is smaller than the radius r _{1 of the} cutting edge 5 for finishing the groove bottom, Thus, the incomplete groove width portion range 1 is formed by the difference r ₁ -r ₄ between the two.

In the present embodiment, the groove width expanding operation is performed within the groove width expanding action range ψ. As described above, rough cutting of the groove width is performed by a plurality of cutting edges 8 for rough finishing of groove width, and the cutting edge for rough finishing of groove width 8 and the cutting edge for finishing of groove width are arranged in the groove width expanding action range ψ. 9 and groove width The cutting edge for main finishing 10 causes the groove width to be expanded, so that the working allowance of the cutting blade involved in this groove width expansion operation is stabilized and reduced to reduce the incomplete groove width range l. As a result, the groove width of the groove having the bottom surface can be processed.

The difference Δr ₂ between the radius r ₂ of the cutting edge 8 and the radius r ₃ of the cutting edge 9 and the difference Δr ₃ between the radius r ₃ of the cutting edge 9 and the radius r _{4 of the} cutting edge 10 should be increased. The higher the cutting efficiency, the better the cutting efficiency, but the wider the incomplete groove width range l.

Further, by making the groove width expansion action range ψ smaller, for example, within 30 °, the incomplete groove width portion range 1 is reduced, or the radius r ₂ of the cutting edge 8 and the radius r of the cutting edge 9 are reduced. ₃ the difference [Delta] r ₂ and, thereby improving the cutting efficiency while equalizing the difference [Delta] r ₃ between the radius r ₄ of radius r ₃ and the cutting edge 10 of the cutting edge 9.

If the total working allowance t ₅ (= t ₃ + t ₄ ) of the intermediate finishing allowance t ₃ and the finishing allowance t ₄ is set to be too small, the cutting edge 8 for rough groove width attachment to the cutter body 1 is set. Becomes unstable, and the actual machining allowance disappears due to variations in the cutting edge thickness, etc., leaving a rough finish machined surface and degrading the surface roughness of the finish machined surface. .

As described above, the uncut groove 14 is cut by the groove bottom surface processing cutting edge 5, the groove width rough finishing cutting edge 8, the groove width medium finishing cutting edge 9 and the groove width main finishing cutting edge 10. The finishing groove 16 is formed. At this time, particularly, the cutting edge 8 for rough groove width, the cutting edge 9 for medium width groove finishing and the cutting edge for main groove width are in the groove width expansion action range ψ. It is possible to perform stable and highly accurate machining of the groove width finishing width (cutting width) w ₃ by operating the 3 types of cutting blades 10 once during one rotation.

FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 show the second embodiment. The difference from the first embodiment is that the radius r _{1 of the} cutting edge 5 for groove bottom machining and the cutting edge for rough groove width finishing The radius r _{2 of} 8 is set to be equal to each other (r ₁ = r ₂ ).

By doing so, the escape groove 15 in the first embodiment can be eliminated. For this reason, the range 1 of the incomplete groove width portion is somewhat widened, but generally, the shape of the finishing groove 16 of this type is often adopted.

FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 show a third embodiment. In this embodiment, the cutting edge 5 for processing the groove bottom surface in the first embodiment is removed, and a plurality of groove widths are formed in the cutter body 1. A rough finishing cutting edge 8, a groove width medium finishing cutting edge 9 and a groove width main finishing cutting edge 10 are attached.

In the case of this embodiment, it is necessary to finish the bottom surface of the pre-machining groove 14 in the previous step. Therefore, although the efficiency is somewhat inferior, it is suitable for the machining of the high precision groove and the high precision. The groove can be obtained.

Here, by setting the radius r ₂ of the rough cutting edge 8 for rough groove width equal to the distance from the center O of the cutter body 1 to the bottom surface of the pre-machining groove 4, as shown on the left side of FIG. The groove bottom surface can be made flat, and the radius r ₂ of the rough groove cutting edge 8 is set to be larger than the distance from the center O of the cutter body 1 to the bottom surface of the pre-machining groove 4, so that FIG. The relief groove 15 can be formed by machining as shown on the right side of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 10, the depth of the escape groove 15 is made sufficiently deep, and the groove width expanding action is performed in this escape groove 15, so that the entire groove bottom surface has a perfect groove width dimension. It can also be set to.

[0051]

[Effect of the device]

 Since the present invention is configured as described above, it is possible to surely process a groove having a bottom surface while performing at least the intermediate finishing process and the finishing process at the same time, thereby improving the processing efficiency.

Moreover, the rigidity as a tool is higher than that of end mills, etc., and the cutting is performed by surface cutting and sharing of each cutting edge without making excessive cutting, so the groove width dimension is stable. As a result, the machining accuracy can be improved, and the tool life can be significantly improved, which is also a great advantage in terms of economy.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a left side view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing the relationship between each cutting edge and the work piece.

FIG. 5 is a diagram similarly attached to the description of the operation.

FIG. 6 is a view corresponding to FIG. 3 showing a second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a view equivalent to FIG.

FIG. 8 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 showing a third embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing the shape of the finishing groove.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing the shape of another finishing groove.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Cutter Main Body 5 Bottom Processing Cutting Edge 8 Groove Width Rough Finishing Cutting Edge 9 Groove Width Medium Finishing Cutting Edge 10 Groove Width Main Finishing Edge 14 Machining Before Groove 15 Escape Groove 16 Finishing Groove r ₁ ~ r ₄ Cutting Edge Radius Δr _{1 to} Δr ₃ Difference in cutting edge radius t _{1 to} t ₅ Cutting allowance w _{1 to} w ₃ Cutting width

Claims (3)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A groove bottom surface cutting blade for radially processing the bottom surface of a groove is provided on an outer peripheral surface of a side cutter body for groove processing, and both side surfaces of an outer peripheral portion of the cutter body are provided. A cutting edge for rough groove width finishing, which forms a pair with each other and in which the cutting width gradually widens, a cutting edge for medium groove width finishing, and a cutting edge for groove width main finishing are sequentially arranged along the cutting direction. Side cutter for grooving characterized by being placed. 2. A plurality of cutting blades for rough groove width, which are paired with each other, are provided on both side surfaces of the outer peripheral portion of the side cutter body along the circumferential direction of the body, and both side surfaces of the outer peripheral portion of the side cutter body are adjacent to each other. Between the cutting edges for rough groove width finishing, the cutting width formed by each pair forming a pair becomes wider in order and the diameter up to the cutting edge becomes smaller in order. A side cutter for grooving, characterized in that a blade and a blade are sequentially arranged along the cutting direction. 3. The relief groove formed by the cutting edge for rough finishing of the groove width is sufficiently deep, and the groove width expanding action is performed in the relief groove. The side cutter for groove processing according to claim 1 or 2.