JPH057604A - Template device for piercing surgical operation of bone - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simultaneously execute positioning of a prepared hole for allowing a bone fixing pin to pass through with respect to all of bone pieces. CONSTITUTION:With respect to a bar member 6 to be placed along the lengthwise direction of a bone, plural pieces of block members 7, 8 are attached so that the position can be adjusted. To each block member, seat members 10, 11 are attached so that the position can be adjusted, through a first pivot which extends in the direction vertical to the center axis of the bar member. To each seat member, drill guide blocks 14, 15 are attached so that the position can be adjusted, through a second pivot 12 which extends in the direction vertical to the center axis of a first pivot. The drill guide block can turn around three pieces of axes of the bar member, a first pivot and a second pivot, and a piercing position of a prepared hole by a drill can be determined simultaneously with respect to all bone pieces.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a template device used for positioning a prepared hole for inserting a bone fixing pin at a fracture site.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When treating a fractured part, two or three bone fixing pins are inserted into a bone fragment, and the pin ends protruding from the skin are connected to a bone fixing device.

When inserting the bone fixing pin into the bone, a prepared hole is previously drilled in the bone to facilitate the work. A template device is used to position the location of the prepared hole.

As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the conventional template device 1 comprises a single metal plate having two or three drill guide insertion holes 2 formed therein. During the operation of inserting the bone fixing pin, the template device 1 is applied to the skin on one bone fragment A side of the fracture site, and the drill guide 3 is inserted into the drill guide insertion hole 2.
Stick into the bone A. Then, the blade 4 of the drill is inserted into the drill guide 3 to make a prepared hole B in the bone. Then, the prepared hole B is also opened for other bone fragments by the same operation. After that, a bone fixing pin is inserted into the prepared hole B of each bone fragment and connected to the bone fixing device to be integrated.

[0005]

However, in the conventional template device 1 described above, the prepared hole B is separately provided for each bone fragment.
Therefore, the position of the prepared hole B may be different between the bone fragments, and it may be difficult to align the axes of both bone fragments when mounting the bone anchoring device later.

[0006] Further, there is a case where a correction work for aligning the bone axes of two bone fragments is necessary in the course of treatment by the bone fixing device after the bone fixing pin is attached. For that purpose, it is necessary to attach a bone fixing pin to each bone piece in consideration of a margin for correction. However, such adjustment is difficult with a conventional template device.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a rod member to be arranged along the length direction of a bone, and a plurality of members attached to the rod member so as to be positionally adjustable. Block member, a seat member attached to each of the block members through a first pivot extending in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the rod member, and a seat member orthogonal to the central axis of the first pivot. And a drill guide block having a drill guide insertion hole attached to each of the seat members via a second pivot extending in any direction. ing.

[0008]

The rod member is applied to the fractured part, and the position or posture of each block member is determined and fixed on the basis of the rod member.

Next, the seat member is rotated about the first pivot,
Also, the drill guide block is rotated around the second pivot to adjust the position and then fixed. As a result, the positioning of the prepared hole is performed simultaneously for all the bone fragments of the fracture.

After this, the drill guide is inserted into each drill guide insertion hole of the drill guide block, and then the blade of the drill is inserted into the hole of the drill guide to make a prepared hole in each bone fragment.

Since the positional relationship between the prepared holes between the bone fragments is determined from the beginning, the bone fixing device can be mounted smoothly.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a template device for bone drilling surgery according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the bone drilling surgical template device 5 includes a rod member 6 to be arranged along the length of the bone, and a position relative to the rod member 6. Two block members 7, 8 which are adjustably mounted
A seat member 10, 11 attached to each of the block members 7, 8 via a first pivot 9 extending in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the rod member 6 so as to be positionally adjustable, and the first pivot shaft. And a drill guide block 14, 15 having a drill guide insertion hole 13 attached to each of the seat members 10, 11 via a second pivot 12 extending in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the drill guide block. Is becoming

The rod member 6 is made of a rod having a perfect circular cross section. The block members 7 and 8 have a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and a through hole 16 through which the rod member 6 is movably inserted is formed along the longitudinal direction.

The through holes 16 are formed in the block members 7 and 8, respectively.
Is provided with a screw hole 17, and a fixing screw 18 whose tip abuts the rod member 6 is inserted into the screw hole 17. Therefore, by loosening the fixing screw 18, the block members 7 and 8 are displaced with respect to the rod member 6 on the central axis thereof to a desired position, and are rotated around the central axis in the θ direction to obtain a desired position. You can change the posture. Then, by tightening the fixing screw 18, each block member 7, 8 can be fixed at that position.

The seat members 10, 11 rotate in the Y direction around a straight line perpendicular to the central axis of the rod member 6 with respect to the front surface of the block members 7, 8 which is parallel to the central axis of the through hole 16. It is assigned to be possible.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the seat members 10 and 11 are plate members having a back surface capable of sliding contact with the front surfaces of the block members 7 and 8. From the back surface side, the first pivot shaft is provided. 9 projects toward the block members 7 and 8 along a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the rod member 6.

On the other hand, the block members 7 and 8 have the first
There is a hole 19 into which the pivot shaft 9 is inserted. Also,
A screw hole 20 that intersects with a hole 19 into which the first pivot shaft 9 is inserted is provided on the block members 7 and 8 side, and a fixing screw 21 whose tip can hit the first pivot shaft 9 is inserted into the screw hole 20. ing.

Therefore, by loosening the fixing screw 21, the seat members 10 and 11 are moved to the first and second positions with respect to the block members 7 and 8.
The desired posture can be changed by rotating the center axis of the pivot 9 in the Y direction. Then, by tightening the fixing screw 21, each seat member 10, 11 can be fixed at that position.

The drill guide blocks 14 and 15 are block bodies which are applied toward the front of the seat members 10 and 11, and rotate in the X direction around a straight line perpendicular to the central axis of the first pivot 9. It is movably connected to the seat members 10, 11 via a second pivot 12.

That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the bearing portion 22 projects from the rear side of the drill guide blocks 14, 15 toward the seat members 10, 11 while the seat member 1
From 0 and 11, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4,
The two bracket portions 2 are arranged so as to sandwich the bearing portion 22 from above and below.
3, 24 project towards the drill guide blocks 14, 15. Then, the pin-shaped second pivot 12 penetrates both the bearing portion 22 and the bracket portions 23 and 24.

As a result, the drill guide block 14,
The seat 15 can be rotated around the second pivot 12 in the X direction with respect to the seat members 10 and 11 to change its posture. Further, projections 25 project from the left and right of the drill guide blocks 14 and 15, and the seat members 10 and 11 are there.
Is provided with screw holes 26 that open toward the left and right portions of the front surface of the.

The adjusting screw 27 is provided in each screw hole 26.
Is inserted, and the tip ends of the adjusting screws 27 are seat members 10, 11
Is in contact with the front of. Therefore, by adjusting the screw-in lengths of the adjusting screws 27 on both sides of the drill guide blocks 14 and 15, respectively.
It is possible to adjust the inclination angle of the seat member 5 with respect to the seat members 10, 11, that is, the rotation angle in the X direction.

In the central portion of the drill guide blocks 14 and 15, three drill guide insertion holes 13 for inserting a drill guide 28 as shown in FIG. 5 are vertically arranged at a predetermined pitch, that is, on the second pivot shaft 12. It is drilled parallel to the central axis.

The drill guide 28 is used for fixing the bone fixing pin 2 to the bone.
9 (see FIG. 9) is a pipe material that guides a blade 31 of a drill for opening a prepared hole B (see FIG. 8) through which 9 (see FIG. 9) is inserted, and the drill guide blocks 14 and 15 are rod members via seat members 10 and 11. 6 is fixed to a predetermined position on the upper part 6 and then inserted into the drill guide insertion hole 13.

Lower surface 3 of the drill guide blocks 14 and 15
No. 2 has a smooth surface so that it can be applied to the skin.
Next, a method of using the template device 5 for ostomy of the bone will be described.

After clarifying the condition of the fractured part by means of an X-ray photograph or the like, the position at which the bone fixing pin 29 of each bone fragment should be screwed is determined. At that time, the mounting state of the bone fixation device,
It is determined in consideration of correction of bending of the bone axis during the treatment process.

Next, the fixing screws 18 and 21 and the adjusting screw 2
Apply the template device in the state where 7 is loosened to the fracture site, and bring the lower surface 32 of the drill guide blocks 14 and 15 into contact with the skin, and based on the determination of the screwing position of the bone fixing pin 29, the rod member 6 is used as a reference. Block members 7, 8
The position and the posture of the drill guide blocks 14 and 15 are adjusted.

That is, first, with reference to the rod member 6, the axial position of the rod member 6 of the block members 7 and 8 and the posture in the θ direction around the axis are determined, and fixed by the fixing screw 18. Next, the seat members 10 and 11 are rotated around the first pivot 9 in the Y direction and fixed with the fixing screw 21.

Next, the drill guide blocks 14 and 15
Is rotated around the second pivot 12 in the X direction to adjust the position, and then fixed with the adjusting screw 27. As a result, the entire template device 5 is integrally fixed, and the positioning of the prepared hole B is simultaneously performed on all the bone fragments of the fractured part.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 7, while inserting the drill guide 28 of the trocar 30 into the respective drill guide insertion holes 13 of the drill guide blocks 14 and 15, the skin, fat, A hole is made in a soft tissue C such as a muscle so that the tip of the trocar 30 reaches the bone A.

Next, the trocar 30 is pulled out from the drill guide insertion hole 13 and, instead, the blade 31 of the drill is inserted as shown in FIG. 8 to form the prepared hole B in the bone fragment A. Such an operation is performed for each bone fragment, and all prepared holes are drilled.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 9, the bone fixing pin 29 is inserted into each prepared hole B, and the screw portion 29 thereof is inserted.
Embed a in bone. Each bone anchoring pin 29 projects out of the skin and has a bone anchoring device (not shown) attached thereto.

As described above, since the prepared holes B between the bone fragments A are defined in the positional relationship from the beginning, the prepared holes B are
The bone fixing pin 29 inserted into the bone can be smoothly attached to the bone fixing device.

[0035]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION Since the present invention is constructed as described above, it is possible to make a pilot hole in a state where the positional relationship between the bone fragments of the fractured part is determined. Therefore, when the bone fixing pin inserted in the prepared hole is connected to the bone fixing device, the axial positions of the bone fragments can be easily and quickly matched.

Further, since the drill guide block can be rotated around the three axes of the rod member, the first pivot and the second pivot, it is possible to finely adjust the drilling position of the prepared hole. ..

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway plan view of a template device for bone drilling surgery according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a right side view of the template device.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a seat member viewed from the front side.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a seat member viewed from the back side.

FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway front view of a drill guide block.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the drill guide block viewed from the front side.

FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state in which the drill guide is inserted into the drill guide block and the soft tissue together with the trocar.

FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state in which a drill blade is inserted into a drill guide to make a prepared hole in a bone.

FIG. 9 is a vertical sectional view showing a state in which a bone fixing pin is inserted into the prepared hole.

FIG. 10 is a plan view of a conventional template device.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing a pilot hole drilling operation using a conventional template device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A ... Bone fragment B ... Prepared hole C ... Soft tissue 5 ... Bone drilling surgery template device 6 ... Rod member 7, 8 ... Block member 9 ... 1st axis 10, 11 ... Seat member 12 ... 2nd axis 13 ... Drill guide insertion hole 14, 15 ... Drill guide block 28 ... Drill guide 29 ... Bone fixing pin 31 ... Drill blade

Claims (1)

Claim: What is claimed is: 1. A rod member to be arranged along the length direction of a bone, a plurality of block members attached to the rod member so as to be positionally adjustable, and the rod member. A seat member that is positionably attached to each of the block members via a first pivot extending in a direction perpendicular to the central axis, and a second pivot extending in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the first pivot. Template device for drilling bones, comprising a drill guide block having a drill guide insertion hole attached to each of the seat members via the guide member through a drill guide block.