JPH0573235U - Turbocharger - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To suppress exhaust interference and efficiently generate boost pressure. [Composition] Exhaust gas inlets 6 and 7 are provided at two locations of the turbine housing 4. Then, the first, second, and third exhaust manifolds E1, E2, and E3, which guide the exhaust from the first, second, and third cylinders that explode in the first, third, and fifth odd-numbered ranks, are connected to the collecting unit 11. It communicates with one of the exhaust gas introduction ports 6 through. Also, the fourth, fifth, and sixth exhaust manifolds E4, E that guide the exhaust from the cylinders that explode in the even, second, fourth, and sixth positions
5 and E6 communicate with the other exhaust introduction port 7 via the collecting portion 12.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a turbocharger, and more particularly to a structure of a turbocharger on a turbine side.

[0002]

[Prior Art]

 As a conventional turbocharger, the one shown in Fig. 3 is known (see "Special Mechanism of Automobile", p. 82, published by Sankaido Co., Ltd. on July 25, 1990). That is, the turbocharger 40 is integrally provided with a turbine 41 and a compressor 42, and the turbine 41 and the compressor 42 have a turbine housing 43 and a compressor housing 44, respectively. An exhaust inlet 47 and an exhaust outlet 48 are formed in the turbine housing 43, and a turbine wheel 46 is housed inside, and the turbine wheel 46 is fixed to one end of a rotary shaft 45. And is rotatably supported.

On the other hand, the engine 49 is a 6-cylinder type engine having six cylinders from first to sixth, and has a first exhaust manifold E1 to a sixth exhaust manifold that guide exhaust gases from the first to sixth cylinders, respectively. Six exhaust manifolds up to hold E6 are provided. Then, the downstream end portions of all the exhaust manifolds E1 to E6 are integrated at a collecting portion 53 and communicated with the exhaust gas introduction port 48. On the other hand, the compressor housing 44 is provided with an intake port 50 that is open to the atmosphere and a discharge port 51 that communicates with the intake manifold of the engine 49, and the other end of the rotary shaft 45 is internally provided. The compressor wheel 52 fixed to the housing is housed.

In such a structure, when the engine 49 is in an operating state, exhaust gas is sequentially exhausted from each cylinder into the turbine housing 43 via the exhaust manifolds E1 to E6, the collecting portion 53, and the exhaust introduction port 47. The turbine wheel 46 is introduced, and the turbine wheel 46 is rotationally driven by the dynamic pressure of the exhaust gas. As a result, the compressor wheel 52 fixed to the other end of the rotary shaft 45 rotates, and the atmosphere is sucked into the compressor housing 44 from the suction port 50 and pressurized, and the compressed air is compressed. Is supplied to each cylinder of the engine 49 through the discharge port 51 and the intake manifold.

[0005]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 However, in such a conventional turbocharger, the turbine housing 43 is provided with a single exhaust introduction port 47, and all the exhaust manifolds E1 are connected via the single exhaust introduction port 47. The exhaust gas from E6 to E6 is configured to be guided into the turbine housing 43. On the other hand, in an engine having first to sixth cylinders, in order to ensure smooth rotation, explosion occurs in the order of the first cylinder → the fourth cylinder → the second cylinder → the fifth cylinder → the third cylinder → the sixth cylinder. To do. Therefore, the exhaust from each cylinder is pressure-fed to the exhaust inlet 48 from each of the exhaust manifolds E1 to E6 in the order of E1 → E4 → E2 → E5 → E3 → E6.

Therefore, the exhaust from the exhaust manifolds E1 to E6 which are adjacent to each other in order, that is, the exhaust from E 1 to E4, E4 to E2, E2 to E5, E5 to E3, E3 to E6, and E6 to E1 is They pulsate at timings close to each other, and interfere with each other at the collecting portion 53. Particularly, when the rotation speed of the engine 45 increases, the time difference between the explosion timings becomes small, so that the exhaust interference in the collecting portion 53 becomes significant. For this reason, energy loss occurs due to exhaust interference in the collecting portion 53, and exhaust energy cannot be effectively used for rotationally driving the turbine wheel 46, so that supercharging pressure cannot be efficiently generated.

The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and an object thereof is to provide a turbocharger capable of suppressing exhaust interference and efficiently generating supercharging pressure. It is a thing.

[0008]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, a plurality of exhaust manifolds for guiding exhaust gas from each cylinder of a multi-cylinder engine are communicated with a turbine housing, and the exhaust gas discharged from each of the gas cylinders causes the turbine In a turbocharger that rotatably drives a turbine wheel that is rotatably supported in a housing, exhaust inlets are provided at two locations in the turbine housing, and one exhaust inlet leads exhaust from cylinders that explode in odd ranks. The exhaust manifold is communicated through the collecting portion, and the exhaust manifold that guides the exhaust gas from the cylinder that explodes in an even order to the other exhaust inlet is also communicated through the collecting portion.

[0009]

[Action]

 In the above configuration, assuming that the engine is a six-cylinder engine, for example, each cylinder repeats from the first explosion to the sixth explosion in accordance with the preset order, and the exhaust gas generated by this explosion passes through the exhaust manifold. The turbine housing. At this time, the exhaust from the cylinders that explode in odd ranks, that is, the first, third, and fifth explosive cylinders, is exhausted to one of the exhaust inlets by the corresponding exhaust manifold, and the cylinders that explode in even ranks, that is, 2, 4, Exhaust from the sixth exploding cylinder is directed to the other exhaust manifold by a corresponding exhaust manifold, each via a collection point. Therefore, when the cylinders explode sequentially, the exhaust gas is alternately supplied to the turbine housing from one exhaust gas inlet port and the other exhaust gas inlet port. Interference is suppressed.

[0010]

【Example】

 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a turbocharger 1 is integrally provided with a turbine 2 and a compressor 3, and the turbine 2 and the compressor 3 respectively include a turbine housing 4 and a compressor housing 5. Have An exhaust outlet (not shown) is provided on the side surface of the turbine housing 4, and exhaust inlets 6, 7 are provided at two locations on the peripheral surface. As shown in FIG. 2, the exhaust gas inlets 6 and 7 are located close to each other, and are provided so as to project at an angle capable of sending the exhaust gas along the inner peripheral surface of the turbine housing 4. A turbine wheel 8 is housed inside the turbine housing 4, and the turbine wheel 8 is rotatably supported by being fixed to one end of a rotary shaft 9.

On the other hand, the engine 10 is a 6-cylinder type engine having six cylinders, first to sixth, and includes a first exhaust manifold E1 to a sixth exhaust manifold that respectively guide exhaust gases from the first to sixth cylinders. Six exhaust manifolds up to hold E6 are provided. Further, in this engine 10, the explosions of the first to sixth cylinders are set in the order of the first cylinder → the fourth cylinder → the second cylinder → the fifth cylinder → the third cylinder → the sixth cylinder, Therefore, the exhaust air from each cylinder flows from the exhaust manifolds E1 to E6 in the order of E1 → E4 → E2 → E5 → E3 → E6.

Then, the first, second, and third exhaust manifolds E1, E2, and E3 that guide exhaust from the first, second, and third cylinders that explode in odd-numbered first, third, and fifth cylinders are collected. It is communicated with one of the exhaust gas introduction ports 6 via the portion 11. Further, the fourth, fifth, and sixth exhaust manifolds E4, E5, and E6, which guide the exhaust from the cylinders that explode in the even-numbered second, fourth, and sixth explosions, are connected to the other exhaust introduction port 7 via the collecting portion 12. Is in communication with.

Further, the compressor housing 5 is provided with an intake port 13 that is open to the atmosphere and a discharge port 14 that communicates with an intake manifold of the engine 10, and the inside of the rotary shaft 9 is A compressor wheel (see compressor wheel 52 in FIG. 3) fixed to the other end is housed. The reference numerals attached to the exhaust manifolds E1 to E6 in FIG. 1 indicate the order of explosion.

In the present embodiment having the above-mentioned configuration, when the engine 10 is in the operating state, the respective cylinders are in the order of shown in the figure, that is, the first to sixth cylinders are the first cylinder → the fourth cylinder → The explosion is repeated in the order of the second cylinder, the fifth cylinder, the third cylinder, and the sixth cylinder. In this case, the exhaust gas discharged from the cylinder that explodes in the odd number, the second, is exhausted from one of the first, second, and third exhaust manifolds E1, E2, and E3 through the collecting portion 11 to one exhaust introduction port. Guided to 6. Exhaust gas discharged from the cylinder that explodes evenly, that is, the second, explodes from the fourth, fifth, and sixth exhaust manifolds E4, E5, and E6 to the other exhaust introduction port 7 through the collecting portion 12. Be guided.

Therefore, when the cylinders sequentially explode, the exhaust gas is alternately supplied into the turbine housing 4 from one exhaust gas introduction port 6 and the other exhaust gas introduction port 7. Therefore, the exhaust gas pulsates in each collecting portion 11 and 12 with a time difference, and as a result, the exhaust interference in each collecting portion 11 and 12 is suppressed. Therefore, the energy loss in each of the collecting portions 11 and 12 is also suppressed, and the energy of the exhaust gas can be efficiently used for rotationally driving the turbine wheel 8 to generate the supercharging pressure. If the exhaust inlets 6 and 7 are provided at two locations in the turbine housing 4, the amount of exhaust gas flowing into each of the exhaust inlets 6 and 7 will be halved. It can be set precisely and the A / R ratio can be optimized accordingly.

[0016]

[Effect of the device]

 As described above, in the present invention, the exhaust inlets are provided at two locations of the turbine housing, and the exhaust manifold for guiding the exhausts from the cylinders that explode in odd ranks is provided at one exhaust inlet and the exhaust inlet is provided at the other exhaust inlet. The exhaust manifolds that guide the exhaust from the cylinders that explode in even ranks are connected to each other through the collecting section. Therefore, the exhaust gas from the cylinders can be supplied to the turbine housing from the one exhaust introduction port and the other exhaust introduction port alternately, which can suppress the exhaust interference in each collecting portion. ..

As a result, energy loss due to the exhaust interference can be suppressed, and the energy of the exhaust can be efficiently used for rotationally driving the turbine wheel to generate the supercharging pressure. Further, if the exhaust gas inlets are provided at two places of the turbine housing, the amount of exhaust gas flowing into each exhaust gas inlet becomes 1/2, so that the A / R ratio of the turbine can be precisely set. It is possible to optimize the bitter A / R ratio.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line aa of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional turbocharger.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Turbocharger 2 Turbine 4 Turbine Housing 6 (One) Exhaust Inlet 7 (Other) Exhaust Inlet 8 Turbine Wheel 10 Engine 11 Assembly 12 Assembly

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A turbine wheel in which a plurality of exhaust manifolds that guide exhaust gas from each cylinder of a multi-cylinder engine are connected to a turbine housing, and are rotatably supported in the turbine housing by the exhaust gas discharged from each cylinder. In a turbocharger for rotating a turbine, exhaust gas inlets are provided at two positions of the turbine housing, and an exhaust manifold that guides exhaust gas from cylinders that explode in odd ranks is connected to one of the exhaust gas inlets through a collecting portion. At the same time, a turbocharger is characterized in that an exhaust manifold that guides the exhaust from the cylinders that explode in even ranks is connected to the other exhaust introduction port through a collecting portion.