JPH0573120B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0573120B2 JPH0573120B2 JP60271247A JP27124785A JPH0573120B2 JP H0573120 B2 JPH0573120 B2 JP H0573120B2 JP 60271247 A JP60271247 A JP 60271247A JP 27124785 A JP27124785 A JP 27124785A JP H0573120 B2 JPH0573120 B2 JP H0573120B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrodes
- liquid crystal
- ferroelectric
- sound
- furthermore
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000005262 ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs) Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- MIZLGWKEZAPEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trifluoroethene Chemical group FC=C(F)F MIZLGWKEZAPEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101100446681 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) FLC3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004990 Smectic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002573 ethenylidene group Chemical group [*]=C=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005621 ferroelectricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002457 flexible plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 vinylidene fluorite Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Piezo-Electric Transducers For Audible Bands (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
「発明の利用分野」
この発明は有機強誘電体を用いた音響装置に関
する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Application of the Invention The present invention relates to an acoustic device using an organic ferroelectric material.
「従来の技術」
音響装置としてスピーカ、イヤホーンが知られ
ている。このスピーカに関し、従来は小型のセラ
ミツク振動子を用い、この振動子に共鳴板を装着
させて具備していた。"Prior Art" Speakers and earphones are known as audio devices. Conventionally, this speaker has been equipped with a small ceramic vibrator and a resonance plate attached to the vibrator.
「本発明が解決すべき問題点」
しかしかかるセラミツクスピーカは高温度で焼
成するため、この振動子自体を大きくすることが
できず、小型の時計、電卓等のアラームに用いら
れるにすぎなかつた。そしてその音響特性は必ず
しもよいものとはいえなかつた。``Problems to be Solved by the Present Invention'' However, since such ceramic speakers are fired at high temperatures, the vibrator itself cannot be made large, and has only been used for alarms in small watches, calculators, etc. And its acoustic characteristics were not necessarily good.
また焼成の際、破損しやすく、また固体のため
大面積の薄型スピーカを作ることができなかつ
た。 Furthermore, it was easily damaged during firing, and because it was a solid material, it was impossible to make a thin speaker with a large area.
他方、市場では薄膜型であり、かつ大面積の振
動が可能な音響装置が求められている。 On the other hand, there is a demand in the market for an acoustic device that is of a thin film type and is capable of vibrating over a large area.
さらに加えてスピーカの方向を変化させること
なく所定の方向に強い指向性を有する音響機器が
求められている。特にこの音響機器は単なるスピ
ーカからの可聴周波ではなく、超音波振動領域に
対しても求められている。 In addition, there is a need for an audio device that has strong directivity in a predetermined direction without changing the direction of the speaker. In particular, this audio equipment is required not only to handle audio frequencies from mere speakers, but also to handle ultrasonic vibrations.
「問題を解決するための手段」
薄膜型の音響装置におけるかかる問題を解決す
るため、本発明においては有機強誘電体である強
誘電性液晶（以下FLCという）および強誘電体
薄膜（以下FEという）を複合化し一体化した強
誘電体を用いたものである。即ち、可曲性プラス
チツクの薄板を２枚重合わせ、その内側に複数の
電極を設け、その電極間にFLCまたはFLCとFE
とを介在せしめたものである。"Means for Solving the Problem" In order to solve this problem in thin-film acoustic devices, the present invention uses a ferroelectric liquid crystal (hereinafter referred to as FLC), which is an organic ferroelectric material, and a ferroelectric thin film (hereinafter referred to as FE). ) is made by using a ferroelectric material that is composited and integrated. In other words, two flexible plastic thin plates are placed one on top of the other, multiple electrodes are provided on the inside, and FLC or FLC and FE are placed between the electrodes.
This is an intervening method.
かかる構造とすることにより、基板全体が発音
源となり、かつ大面積とすることができる。この
ため従来の振動子とこのエネルギを大面積とする
共鳴板とを一体化したスピーカにおける周辺部で
の音の歪を減少させることができる。 With such a structure, the entire board serves as a sound source and can have a large area. Therefore, it is possible to reduce sound distortion in the periphery of a speaker that integrates a conventional vibrator and a sounding board that transmits this energy over a large area.
「作用」
さらにかかる薄膜型の音響装置において、複数
の電極に対し発音する移相をわずかにずらすこと
により所定の方向への指向性をきわめて高くする
ことができる。このため、所定の方向にのみ選択
的に音を出し、その反射音を検出するソナー等へ
の応用も可能となる。また特定方向の遠方に音を
伝えることもできる。さらに本発明に示される如
く、FLCを用いた音響装置は、液晶表示装置と
一体化せしめることができる。そして液晶表示装
置の周辺部に本発明の音響装置を一体化しても、
また液晶表示装置それ自体をスピーカとすること
も可能である。"Function" Furthermore, in such a thin film type acoustic device, directivity in a predetermined direction can be made extremely high by slightly shifting the phase of the sound produced by the plurality of electrodes. Therefore, it is also possible to apply it to sonar, etc., which selectively emit sound only in a predetermined direction and detect the reflected sound. It can also transmit sound far away in a specific direction. Furthermore, as shown in the present invention, an audio device using FLC can be integrated with a liquid crystal display device. Even if the audio device of the present invention is integrated into the peripheral part of the liquid crystal display device,
It is also possible to use the liquid crystal display device itself as a speaker.
さらに基板および電極を透光性とすることによ
り、この音響装置の振動性に従い、実質的に透過
光量を制御することができる。そのため舞台等で
のフアツシヨン性を与えることができる。さらに
電子機器としてその振動数に従い、透過光量の変
調を行うことができるため電気−音響−光変調器
としても使用可能である。さらに本発明は、２つ
の可曲性薄膜の間にFLCを充填することにより
音響機器とするため、この形状は薄膜型であると
同時に、任意の平面形状を与えることができる。 Furthermore, by making the substrate and electrodes transparent, the amount of transmitted light can be substantially controlled according to the vibration properties of the acoustic device. Therefore, it can give fashionability on stage etc. Furthermore, since the amount of transmitted light can be modulated according to the frequency of the electronic device, it can also be used as an electro-acoustic-optic modulator. Furthermore, since the present invention provides an acoustic device by filling FLC between two flexible thin films, this shape is a thin film type and at the same time can be given any planar shape.
以下に実施例に従い本発明を説明する。 The present invention will be described below with reference to Examples.
「実施例 １」 第１図に本発明の音響機器の縦断面図を示す。“Example 1” FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the audio equipment of the present invention.
図面において、基板１上には導電性電極２がＸ
方向に１つまたは複数本数設けられている。さら
に対抗する基板１′の下側にも他の導電性電極
２′が複数本数Ｙ方向に設けられている。これら
導電膜電極２，２′上には配向処理層３′，３″が
設けられている。そしてこの間隔は約0.3〜4μm
例えば2.0μmで互いに離間しており、その間には
FLC３が充填されている。もちろんこのFLCは
本実施例ではカイラルスメクチツクＣ相を呈する
液晶であり、室温において強誘電性を有するた
め、例えばB7とS8との混合体を用いた。これら
液晶材料に関しては、特開昭59−98051，特開昭
59−118744に示されている。 In the drawing, a conductive electrode 2 is placed on a substrate 1 at an angle of
One or more are provided in the direction. Furthermore, a plurality of other conductive electrodes 2' are provided on the lower side of the opposing substrate 1' in the Y direction. Alignment treatment layers 3', 3'' are provided on these conductive film electrodes 2, 2'.The spacing between these layers is approximately 0.3 to 4 μm.
For example, they are separated from each other by 2.0 μm, and between them
Filled with FLC3. Of course, in this example, the FLC is a liquid crystal exhibiting a chiral smectic C phase and has ferroelectricity at room temperature, so a mixture of B7 and S8, for example, was used. Regarding these liquid crystal materials, please refer to JP-A-59-98051, JP-A-Sho.
59-118744.
さらに対向処理層３′，３″に関しては、電極上
にFEを形成しこの一方をラビング処理をして配
向処理を行つた。このFEは有機物であり、例え
ばビニリデンフロライト（CH2CF2）（VDF）と
トリフロロエチレン（TrFE）との共重合体とし
た。このビニリデン系としてビニリデンクロライ
ド（CH2Cl2）VDFとテトラフロロエチレン
（CF2CF2）との共重合体を用いてもよい。PVDF
（ポリ・ビニリデン・フロライド）でもよい。か
かる共重合体をメチル・エチル・ケトン法にて希
釈し、スピンコートしてその厚さを100〜1000Å
とし、電圧がこのFEとFLCとに同じ様に印加で
きるようにした。ここではVDF／TrFF（成分比
52／48）に（成分比65／35）を３″として用いた。 Furthermore, regarding the opposing treatment layers 3' and 3'', FE was formed on the electrodes and one of them was rubbed to perform orientation treatment.This FE is an organic substance, such as vinylidene fluorite (CH 2 CF 2 ). (VDF) and trifluoroethylene (TrFE).A copolymer of vinylidene chloride (CH 2 Cl 2 )VDF and tetrafluoroethylene (CF 2 CF 2 ) may also be used as the vinylidene system. Good.PVDF
(Poly vinylidene fluoride) may also be used. This copolymer was diluted using the methyl ethyl ketone method and spin coated to a thickness of 100 to 1000 Å.
The voltage can be applied to the FE and FLC in the same way. Here, VDF/TrFF (component ratio
52/48) and (component ratio 65/35) were used as 3''.
この液晶の一対の基板間への液晶充填は本発明
人の出願しているラミネート充填法を用いた。 The liquid crystal was filled between the pair of liquid crystal substrates using a laminate filling method that the present inventor has applied.
周辺部は４，４′でエポキシ剤で封止をする。
これら全体をアルミニユーム枠６，６′に固定す
る。 The peripheral part is sealed with epoxy agent at 4,4'.
The whole is fixed to aluminum frames 6, 6'.
かくして得られた音響装置に対し、上側の電極
はＸ方向に、また下側の電極はＹ方向（図面では
垂直方向とした）とした。そしてこのＹ方向の電
極の印加電圧をミリ秒の範囲で互いに移相をずら
し、特定の方向への指向性を高めた。例えば図面
で右斜上方向に音を出そうとすると、左端より右
端に向かつて発音を少しずらせればよい。そして
この一対の電極２，２７との間に電圧を印加し
た。 In the acoustic device thus obtained, the upper electrode was oriented in the X direction, and the lower electrode was oriented in the Y direction (vertical direction in the drawing). Then, the voltages applied to the electrodes in the Y direction were shifted in phase from each other within a millisecond range to enhance directivity in a specific direction. For example, if you want to make a sound diagonally upward to the right in a drawing, you only need to shift the pronunciation slightly from the left end to the right end. A voltage was then applied between the pair of electrodes 2 and 27.
このFLCが第２図に示す如く、ヒステリシス
特性を有するため、一対の電極に電気信号を＋Ｖ
または−Ｖの電圧を印加することにより与える。
その電気伝導に従つて分極（Ｐ）ができ、このヒ
ステリシス７，８に従つて基板が振動し始める。
するとこのヒステリシスの面積１０のエネルギが
基板に振動を与える。さらにこの基板の振動が大
気の振動を促すものである。 As shown in Figure 2, this FLC has hysteresis characteristics, so an electric signal of +V is applied to a pair of electrodes.
Or by applying a voltage of -V.
Polarization (P) occurs in accordance with the electrical conduction, and the substrate begins to vibrate in accordance with the hysteresis 7 and 8.
Then, the energy of this hysteresis area 10 gives vibration to the substrate. Furthermore, the vibration of this substrate promotes the vibration of the atmosphere.
かくして強誘電体を用いることにより、大気
中、水中等で音を発生させることができた。 Thus, by using ferroelectric materials, it was possible to generate sound in the atmosphere, water, etc.
「効果」
本発明により、音響機器全体の厚さを１mm以下
とすることもでき、その面積が１〜10mmφまたは
負の小型形状から100〜500mmφまたは長方形の大
きさのものを作ることが可能である。その使途に
より大きな自由度を有する。``Effects'' According to the present invention, the thickness of the entire audio device can be reduced to 1 mm or less, and it is possible to make a device with an area of 1 to 10 mmφ or a negative small shape to a rectangular size of 100 to 500 mmφ. be. It has a large degree of freedom depending on its usage.
また有機強誘電体のみを用いて薄膜型音響機器
を作る可能性も有する。しかしかかる場合、この
VDF／TrFE，PVDFに加える電圧がきわめて大
きい。またこれを100〜500Åと薄くすると、局部
的にピンホールによりシヨートしやすい。このた
め、FLC（厚さ１〜4μ）をバツフア層としてFEに
密接して設けることにより上下の電極間がシヨー
トしにくく高信頼性を期待できるという特長を有
する。 There is also the possibility of creating thin-film acoustic equipment using only organic ferroelectric materials. But if it takes this
The voltage applied to VDF/TrFE and PVDF is extremely large. Also, if it is made thinner to 100 to 500 Å, local pinholes are more likely to occur. Therefore, by providing the FLC (thickness 1 to 4 microns) as a buffer layer closely to the FE, it has the advantage that it is difficult to shoot between the upper and lower electrodes, and high reliability can be expected.
さらにこの基板を大気中ではなく水中等に浸漬
することにより水中音響機、水中発信機とし得る
等の他の特徴を有する。 Furthermore, it has other features such as being able to be used as an underwater acoustic device or an underwater transmitter by immersing this substrate in water or the like instead of in the air.
第１図は本発明の音響機器の縦断面図を示す。
第２図は本発明の音響機器の電気特性の一例を示
す。
FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the audio equipment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows an example of the electrical characteristics of the audio equipment of the present invention.
Claims (1)
有する面を内側にして対抗せしめるとともに、前
記基板間に強誘電性液晶と強誘電体薄膜とを有
し、前記電極間に電気信号を与えることにより前
記基板を振動せしめることを特徴とする有機強誘
電体を用いた音響装置。 ２ 特許請求の範囲第１項において、電極はマト
リツクス状または櫛状に配設せしめられ、隣あつ
た電極間の移相をずらすことにより所定の方向に
指向性を有せしめて発音せしめることを特徴とす
る有機強誘電体を用いた音響装置。[Scope of Claims] 1 A pair of substrates having electrodes are opposed to each other with the surfaces having the electrodes inside, and a ferroelectric liquid crystal and a ferroelectric thin film are provided between the substrates, and a ferroelectric thin film is provided between the electrodes. An acoustic device using an organic ferroelectric material, characterized in that the substrate is caused to vibrate by applying an electric signal. 2. Claim 1 is characterized in that the electrodes are arranged in a matrix or comb shape, and by shifting the phase between adjacent electrodes, the sound is produced with directivity in a predetermined direction. An acoustic device using organic ferroelectric material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60271247A JPS62131697A (en) | 1985-12-02 | 1985-12-02 | Acoustic equipment using organic ferrodielectric substance |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60271247A JPS62131697A (en) | 1985-12-02 | 1985-12-02 | Acoustic equipment using organic ferrodielectric substance |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62131697A JPS62131697A (en) | 1987-06-13 |
| JPH0573120B2 true JPH0573120B2 (en) | 1993-10-13 |
Family
ID=17497410
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60271247A Granted JPS62131697A (en) | 1985-12-02 | 1985-12-02 | Acoustic equipment using organic ferrodielectric substance |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62131697A (en) |
-
1985
- 1985-12-02 JP JP60271247A patent/JPS62131697A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62131697A (en) | 1987-06-13 |
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