JPH0572593A - Camera - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a camera where blurring is corrected with high accuracy, furthermore, the winding and rewinding of the film is executed with low load and also the film is not damaged in the camera where the blurring is corrected by moving the film. CONSTITUTION:The film is held by a holding means 8 and an exposure start signal input means 4 is operated, so that photographing processing is started. Then, the blurring is detected by a blurring detection means 1, and the film is moved to a blurring corresponding position in accordance with a blurring amount by a driving means 6 and exposed. At the same time, the film 10 is moved corresponding to the blurring amount by the driving means 6. After exposure, the holding force of the holding means 8 is released, and the film is wound in a state where the film holding force is decreased.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a camera, and more particularly to the structure of a camera capable of camera shake correction.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional camera which prevents an influence of a camera shake on a photographed image, a photoelectric conversion element,
There is a type in which a camera shake detection unit such as an acceleration sensor or an angular velocity sensor detects a shake state, and a photographing lens, which is a part of an optical system, is rotated and tilted so as to cancel the shake to capture a stable image. In some cameras using a photoelectric conversion element such as a CCD, blurring is extracted from an image pickup signal and the image read address is changed based on the blurring output value to obtain a blur-free image. Further, there is a still video camera or the like that shoots a plurality of times in a short time and selects one with less blurring.

However, the above-mentioned conventional device has the following problems. That is, it is conceivable that the image quality is deteriorated by the shake correction in the case where the shake is detected and the lens is rotated and tilted in a direction to cancel the shake. Further, even if the lens can be rotated and tilted in a place where the deterioration of the image quality is extremely small, it is difficult to deal with a wide focal length. That is, correcting blur does not only mean that the focal length is within a limited range, but for beginners, the focal length is 80 mm to 100 m.
Since blurring occurs even in a range of a relatively short focal length such as m, it is necessary to cope with that range as well. In order to solve such a point, it is conceivable to drive the lens barrel and the entire imaging system according to the amount of blur, but the device becomes large.

In the case of using a photoelectric conversion element, first, in order to distinguish between camera shake, which is camera shake, and movement of the subject itself, the screen is divided and singular points are selected from among them. A complex algorithm such as extraction is required. Then, the image pickup signal during the extraction process must be stored, and a large-capacity memory for that purpose is required. Furthermore, when comparing the image on which the image blur correction processing has been performed with the image on which the image blur correction has not been performed, the former is inferior in image quality although the image blur is corrected, and either one of them is inferior. There was a problem of being sacrificed. It should be noted that this method is difficult to apply to a silver halide camera. Further, in the case of recording images a plurality of times in a short time with a still video camera, there is considered a method of recording a video signal when the blur is the least, on a recording medium such as a floppy disk. According to this method, the image with the least amount of blur does not necessarily become the image desired by the photographer. Also, it does not actively correct the blurring, and if the blurring is a certain amount in the above short time, or if the blurring is clearly blurring even when the blurring is minimal, the blurring image is recorded. Will be done.

An anti-vibration camera provided with a shake detecting means disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 64-78241 proposed to solve the above-mentioned problems is to rotate the photographing lens described above.
Instead of inclining, a film holding member that can be displaced in a direction orthogonal to the optical axis that holds the film itself is provided, and the holding frame is displaced based on the amount of blur.

[0006]

However, in the anti-vibration camera disclosed in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 64-78241, the film holding method is a conventionally well-known method,
This blur correction causes the following problems. That is,
Holding the film also means preventing the film from slipping or slipping when driving the film and ensuring the flatness of the film. Therefore, a certain amount of force is required to hold the film. On the other hand, in a camera using a silver salt film, there are operations of film winding and film rewinding. In carrying out this operation, ideally, the holding force of the film is preferably small, and the load on the actuator for winding and rewinding is small, and the time required for these operations is also reduced. However, in the case of this conventional example, the holding force of the film is fixed, and if the holding force is increased in order to surely perform the shake correction, the load of winding and rewinding increases. Therefore, the driving torque becomes large, the driving time becomes long, and an accident such as breakage of the perforation of the film may occur.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the film is driven according to the amount of blur in order to prevent camera shake photography. Hold it in the holding part, and release it when winding and rewinding,
Proper image stabilization is done at the time of shooting, further winding up,
When rewinding, the load of rewinding and rewinding is lightened, the actuator can be downsized, the driving time can be shortened, and further, a camera that does not cause accidents such as film perforation breakage is provided. The purpose is to do.

[0008]

The camera of the present invention is shown in FIG.
As shown in the conceptual diagram of 1., an image pickup optical system 9 for forming a subject image on the surface of the film 10, a blur detecting means 1 for detecting blur of the camera, and an output from the blur detecting means 1, A calculation unit 2 for calculating the amount and the blurring speed, and a driving unit 6 for driving the film 10 according to the output of the calculation unit 2 to eliminate the blurring of the image of the object 15 on the surface of the film 10. Holding means 8 for holding the film 10 with respect to the driving means 6, and further,
It has a control means 3 for controlling the entire camera, an input means 4 for inputting an exposure start signal for photographing, and a winding / rewinding means 7 for winding and rewinding the film 10.

[0009]

When the image pickup for blur correction is executed, the holding means is operated to bring the film 10 into the fixed holding state by the driving means 6, and the driving means 6 is exposed in response to the exposure on the surface of the film 10.
The film 10 is driven by. At the end of the exposure, the film is wound up while the film holding force of the holding means 8 is released.
It is characterized in that the rewinding means 7 winds or rewinds the film.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the illustrated embodiments.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a camera showing an embodiment of the present invention.

The structure of the camera of this embodiment is the same as that described with reference to FIG. 1 with respect to the main part of the control means 3, shake detection means 1, calculation means 2, exposure start signal input means 4, position detection means. 5, the driving means 6, the winding / rewinding means 7, the photographing optical system 9, the film 10 and the like, which are also shown in FIG.
Further, as another component, a holding means 8 for holding the film 10, which operates during exposure, that is, during film driving, and releases the holding during film winding.
And a film guide means 12 for guiding the film winding and rewinding, and a limiting means 11 for opening and regulating the film holding positions of the film guide means 12 and the winding / rewinding means 7.

In the photographing process of the camera constructed as described above, first, after film winding, the film 1
0 is brought into a holding state by the holding means 8 so that the film 10 and the holding means 8 can be integrally moved vertically and horizontally. Then, the photographing process is started by operating the exposure start signal input means 4 corresponding to the first / second release switch. First, the shake detecting means 1 detects the shake of the camera body, and the computing means 2 detects the shake. Calculate the quantity. In addition,
Here, the blurring speed is calculated in addition to the blurring amount. continue,
The film guide means 12 and the winding / rewinding means 7 are driven by the limiting means 11, and the portions other than the holding means 8 are brought into the film release state. The drive unit 6 moves the film to the initial position according to the amount of blur. Then, the film 10 is exposed to the subject light of the subject 15 via the photographing optical system 9. At the same time, the drive means 6 moves the film 10 in accordance with the blur amount and the blur speed. After the exposure is completed, the film position is returned to the initial reference position. This operation is performed by detecting the position of the film holding unit by the position detecting means 5. Then, the holding means 8 is released, and the film guide means 12 and the winding / rewinding means 7 are restricted by the limiting means 1.
In step 1, the film 10 is set in the film guide state or the winding-enabled state, and the film 10 is wound up, and a series of photographing sequences is completed.

Next, the details of each control element will be described. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a mounting state of the shake detection means 1 on the camera. As shown in FIG. 3, the camera body 1
01 is the optical axis direction of the taking lens 102 of the taking optical system 9 is the Z axis, the horizontal direction passing through the Z axis and orthogonal to the Z axis is the X axis, and the vertical direction passing through the Z axis and orthogonal to the Z axis. To Y
The axis. Further, the rotation angle components around each of the above-mentioned axes are defined as θz, θx, and θy, respectively. Angle sensors 1a and 1b are applied to the shake detection unit 1, and rotation angles θx and θy are detected. This rotation angle θx corresponds to the movement of the image on the YZ plane formed by the Y axis and the Z axis, and the rotation angle θy corresponds to the movement of the image on the XZ plane formed by the X axis and the Z axis. Correspond. In FIG. 4, the camera body 101 has a rotation angle θ
It is a figure which shows the movement state on the YZ plane of the image at the time of blurring only by x. The first lens 102, which is the taking lens 102
a, the second lens 102b moves to the positions of 102a 'and 102b', and the image 103 of the subject 15 has an angle θx.
It moves to the position of 103 'on the inclined image plane C-D. Here, the focal length of the first and second lenses 102a and 102b is f, the distance from the focus to the subject 9 is L, the distance from the focus to the image position is L ', and the movement amount of the image position is Assuming Δx, the amount of movement Δx of the image is expressed by the following equation. That is, Δx = (1 + β) ² · θx · f ……………… (1) where β is f / L, which is a photographing magnification. The value f in the above formula (1) can be obtained as photographing lens information, and the value L that gives β can be obtained from AF (autofocus) information from a distance measuring device (not shown). Further, since the value θx can be detected by the angle sensor 1a (see FIG. 3) of the blur detection means 1, the movement amount Δx is substantially obtained by the calculation means 2 and the film 10 is moved to the 103 ′ position. By moving it, you can shoot without blurring.

As shown in FIG. 4, the image plane C-D is tilted by an angle θx with respect to the Y axis. The tilt angle θx, which is the size of the camera shake, depends on the focal length but is 0. .1 deg
It is considered to be the following, and it does not cause a big problem. Also,
The above equation (1) relates to the blur rotation angle θx around the X axis, but the blur rotation angle θy around the Y axis is also calculated by the angle sensor 1b (see FIG. 3) of the blur detection means 1. Is detected, and the appropriate amount of movement of the film is similarly obtained.

Next, the structures of the drive means 6 and the mechanical portion of the holding means 8 will be described with reference to the perspective views of FIGS. The mechanical part can be divided into four elements. That is, on the side of the taking lens 102, the second opening 23
Second photographing mask 23 having a and supported by the camera body
A first photographing mask 21 having a first opening 21a, which is behind the second photographing mask and is movable with respect to the camera body in accordance with the shake correction amount; Film holding means 8 which is constructed integrally with the mask 21
And a pressure plate 3 supported by a back cover main body 34 via a leaf spring 35 (not shown) (see FIG. 11).
It is divided into 0 and. The film 10 is held between the holding portion main body 29 and the pressure plate 30.

In the case of a 35 mm camera, the first opening 21a is an opening having a size of 36 mm × 24 mm,
The second opening 23a has an opening larger than the first opening. Then, the notch 23 in which the piezoelectric body driving portions 25a to 25d are fitted on the four sides of the second photographing mask 23.
b is provided. The first photographing mask 21 includes
Piezoelectric bodies 26a, 26b, 26c, and 26d, which are actuators of the driving means 6 of the film 10, are attached to the four sides by pressure contact. The other ends of the piezoelectric bodies 26a to 26d are fixed to a base 28 fixed to the camera body 101. Further, on the base 28, corresponding to the piezoelectric bodies 26a to 26d, the piezoelectric body drive unit 25 which is a drive circuit for each piezoelectric body.
a, 25b, 25c, 25d are attached. The X of the film position detecting means 5 is attached to the first photographing mask 21.
An LED 90x for detecting the axial movement amount and an LED 90y for detecting the Y-axis movement amount are attached. On the other hand, the base 28
The PSDs 91x and 91y for detecting the movement amount are fixed to the positions facing the LEDs 90x and 90y. The detection means 5 can detect the movement position of the first photographing mask 21, and thus the film holding unit main body 29 in the X-axis and Y-axis directions.

Further, the film 10 is slidably attached to the back surface of the holding portion main body 29, and the pressure plate 30 is applied to the rear surface thereof. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the mechanical portion as viewed from the rear lid 34 side, and the film 10 is the holding means 8 and is the upper and lower outer rail surfaces 31a, 3 that can move in and out in the Z direction.
The vertical position is guided by 1b and is slidably supported. Then, in the holding state of the film 10, the flat surface of the film 10 is held by being pressed against the inner rail surfaces 32a and 32b while being pressed by the pressure plate 30 (see FIG. 9). The pressure plate 30 is fixed by a pressure plate crimping pin 33 and attached to the rear lid 34 via a plate spring 35 (see FIG. 11).

When the camera shake occurs, the drive means 6 moves the film 10 to the inner rail surfaces 32a, 3a.
The first photographic mask 21 is moved in a state of being pressed and held at 2b to move the film 10 to an appropriate position corresponding to the blurring, and the film 10 is moved to the appropriate position as shown in screens G1 to G3 of FIG. 19B. The image is prevented from entering the perforation section. Further, since the holding means 8 completely transmits the displacement by the driving means 6 to the film 10 at the time of photographing, the outer rail surfaces 31a and 31b are retracted, and the film 10 is held against the inner rail surfaces 32a and 32b. It is a mechanism that makes it possible to move integrally with the member 29, further weakens the pressure contact force of the member 29 to wind up and rewind it when there is no photographing, so that rewinding can be performed without trouble. Details of the mechanism will be described later.

The opening 2 of the second photographing mask 23 is also provided.
Explaining the 3a size, first, when the size of the first opening 21a is defined as 36 mm × 24 mm as described above, the exposed surface is secured with this size. Then, the movements of the piezoelectric bodies 26a to 26d are transmitted to the first photographing mask 21, and the movement amounts of the piezoelectric bodies 26a to 26d become the blur correction amount. It should be noted that it is ideally possible to follow any blur, but if this is done, the size of the entire camera will increase, which is not realistic. From the experience so far, it is considered that there is an upper limit to the amount of blurring that actually causes the blurring while the photographer tries to prevent the blurring, except in extreme cases. Here, when the dimensional relationship between the first opening 21a and the second opening 23a is obtained, first,
The length in the X-axis direction of the first opening 21a is X1, and the length in the Y-axis direction is Y1. In addition, the maximum value of the actual blur correction amount in the X-axis direction at a certain point on the film 10 is Bxma.
x and the maximum value of the substantial shake correction amount in the Y-axis direction at the same point is Bymax, the length in the X-axis direction of the second opening 23a is X2, and the length in the Y-axis direction is Y2, respectively. = X1 + 2 · Bxmax + α ……………… (2) Y2 = Y1 + 2 · Bymax + α ……………… (3) Here, α is a margin amount, and α> 0.
The reason for considering this value α is that the size of the second opening 23a is set to be larger than the size of the size of the first opening 21a by the maximum value of the shake correction amount by α, and
This is to prevent the end face of the second opening 23a from entering the first opening 21a, which is the exposure range, even if there is some variation.

The second photographing mask 23 is adapted to be fitted to the projections of the piezoelectric body driving portions 25a to 25d on the peripheral portion of the base 28, and the second mask 23 is adapted to this. Not limited to this, a mirror box fixed to the base 28, a shutter unit (not shown), or the like can be used instead. In this case, the opening of the mirror box or the shutter unit may double as the second opening. The size of the incident light on the mirror box or the shutter unit is set to be the same as that of the second opening 23a of the second photographing mask 23. The piezoelectric body 26a
The elements 26a to 26d are driven by the piezoelectric body driving portions 25a to 25d, and the driving direction is such that the blur detected by the blur detecting means 1 is offset.

The operation of the mechanical portion of the driving means 6 and the holding means 8 of the camera of the present embodiment constructed as above will be described. First, when hand shake occurs, the shake is detected by the shake detection means 1a and 1b in FIG. 3 and is input to the calculation means 2 in FIG. AF not shown in the calculation means 2
The amount of movement of the image plane due to blurring is calculated by taking into account focal length information obtained by the (autofocus) device, and a drive signal is output to the piezoelectric body drive units 25a to 25d. The piezoelectric body driving units 25a to 25d generate the piezoelectric body 2 based on this signal.
A predetermined drive voltage is supplied to 6a to 26d. Then, the piezoelectric bodies 26a to 26d are displaced by a predetermined amount due to the piezoelectric effect. One end of each of the piezoelectric bodies 26a to 26d serves as a base of the camera body 101 (see FIG. 3), that is, the base 2
8 is fixed to the first photographing mask 21 and the other end is pressed against the first photographing mask 21.
1, and is further transmitted to the holding portion main body 29 that incorporates the holding means 8 for the film 10. Then, the film 10 is attached to the inner rail surface 32a of the holding portion main body 29 by the holding means 8
Since they are held in a state of being pressed against each other by the pressure plate 32b and the pressing plate 30, the first photographing mask 21 and the holding unit main body 29 are displaced together without slipping. However, this holding state is a state only during exposure, and in the camera of this embodiment, when the film is wound and rewound by the action of the holding means 8, the holding force is reduced as much as possible to reduce the load of winding and rewinding. In addition, the film 10 is prevented from being damaged by applying no extra force to it.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the holding means 8 provided in the holding portion main body 29 showing the structure of the holding means 8.
The holding means 8 is a device that holds the film 7 by pressing it with the holding part main body 29 and the pressure plate 30, and can change the holding force thereof as described above. The holding means 8 is supported inside the holding portion main body 29, and first, the driving force of the actuator 40 for driving the outer rail is transmitted to the drive shaft 43A via the transmission gear 41 and the gear meshing therewith. Transmitted. Further, the driving force is transmitted to the drive shaft 43B via the intermediate gear-44A, the intermediate shaft 44, and the intermediate gear-44B. The drive shafts 43A, 43
B has two moving gears 42 at upper and lower positions.
A and 42B are fixed. Further, the moving gears 42A and 42B are respectively arranged on the outer rail surface 31.
It engages with rack portions provided on both side surfaces of a and 31b. The outer rail surfaces 31a and 31b have the first opening 21
It is disposed slidably in the Z-axis direction (optical axis direction) with respect to the holding unit main body 29 at the upper and lower positions of a. The two upper and lower moving gears 42A and 42B are gears having the same number of teeth, and when driven, the moving gear 42
A and 42B rotate in opposite directions, and the outer rail surface 31
The a and 31b move smoothly in the optical axis direction in the state of parallel movement.

The operation of the holding means 8 constructed as described above will be described. Now, when the pressure contact holding state of the film 10 is released, the actuator 40 rotates in the E direction in FIG. Then, the drive shafts 43A and 43B rotate in the G direction or the K direction, and the outer rail surfaces 31a and 31B are rotated.
b is pushed out in the P direction, the pressure plate 30 is pushed back, and the film is opened. When the film 10 is held, the actuator 40 rotates in the F direction shown in FIG. Then, the drive shafts 43A and 43B rotate in the H direction or the M direction, the outer rail surfaces 31a and 31b are drawn in in the Q direction, and the pressure plate 30 presses the film 10. In the present embodiment, as a mechanism for transmitting the driving force of the actuator 40 to the drive shaft 43B side,
Intermediate shaft 44 extending in the X-axis direction and intermediate gear-44
Although A and 44B are used, needless to say, a mechanism having the same effect can be substituted instead of this mechanism.

Next, the operation of the holding means 8 will be described in association with the photographing process during blur correction. 8-10
FIG. 4 shows vertical sectional views of the holding portion and the rear lid portion of FIGS. FIG. 8 shows the rear lid open state. FIG. 9 shows a state in which blur correction is possible by loading the film 10 and then closing the lid to bring the film into a held state. Also, FIG.
0 indicates the state of winding up and rewinding the film 10 in the film holding / released state. As shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the pressure plate 30 is located so as to face the holding portion main body 29 having the holding means 8 built therein. The pressure plate 30 is supported by the leaf spring receiver 36 fixed to the rear lid 34. The plate spring 35 is attached to the plate spring 35 by pressing plate crimping pins 33 (see FIGS. 5 and 11). Note that, as shown in FIG. 11, when the leaf spring 35 is pressed in the Ra direction via the pressure plate 30, the leg portion 35c fitted into the leaf spring receiver 36 at the notch 35a of the leaf spring 35 has Ta, By sliding in the Tb direction, the height in the Z-axis direction is compressed and elastically deformed.

FIG. 8 shows the rear lid 34 in the open state as described above, and the film 10 is in the free state. Then, as shown in FIG. 9, the rear lid 34 is closed and the actuator 4
When 0 is driven to retract the outer rail surfaces 31a and 31b to the retracted position which is the film holding position described above, the leaf spring 35 is compressed from the state of FIG.
0 holds the film 10 in a state where it is pressed to prevent slippage. In this state, for the shake correction, it is possible to drive the first photographing mask 21 and the holding unit main body 29 and accurately move the film 10 to the correction position without slipping. Subsequently, when the film 10 is wound and rewound, as shown in FIG. 10, the actuator 40 is driven to bring the outer rail surfaces 31a and 31b to the push-out position where the film holding force is released. When pushed out, the leaf spring 35 pushes the pressure plate 30 from the state of FIG. 9 to further compress the leaf spring 35. In this state, the pressure plate 3
Since 0 is retracted, the film 10 is in a released state, and resistance to movement is weakened. Therefore,
With the surface of the film 10 protected, the film can be smoothly wound and unwound under a light load.

The leaf spring 35 corresponding to the operation of the holding means 8
The state will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition,
The pressure plate 30 fixed to the leaf spring 35 by the caulking pin 33 is omitted in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 11, the leaf spring 35 has four leg portions 35c by means of a pin-shaped leaf spring receiver 36 with a head fixed to the rear lid 34.
It is supported by cutout portions 35a and 35b provided in the. The notch 35a is a notch having a width substantially equal to the pin diameter of the leaf spring receiver 36, and the notch 35b is widened toward the inside of the notch 35a in a continuous state. The cutout portion of the shape is formed. This FIG. 11 shows the opened state of the rear lid 34,
The leaf spring receiver 36 is located at the notch 35a of the leaf spring 35. When the leaf spring 35 is pressed and deformed in the Ra direction from this state, the leaf spring 35 is deformed in the initial state of deformation.
The leaf spring receiver 36 is slid and pressed up and down (Y-axis direction) without play. FIG. 12 shows a state in which the leaf spring 35 is pressed via the pressure plate 30 (not shown) and the rear lid 34 is closed. In this state, the leaf spring receiver 36 is located in the wide cutout 35b, and the pressure plate 30 and the leaf spring 35 are
Both the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction can be moved with a certain distance of allowance. The shake correction is performed in this state, and the correction drive of the film 10 can be easily performed. And
After shooting and winding up the film, the rear lid 34
When is released, the state returns to the state shown in FIG. As described above, the pressure plate 30 does not move unnecessarily except when driving the shake correction, and when the rear lid 34 is closed, the film holding force is deviated from the film 10 due to the displacement of the pressure plate 30. No, ideal film retention is maintained.

Next, the limiting means 11, and the winding and rewinding means 7 and the film guide means 12 controlled by the limiting means 11 will be described. In order to surely perform the shake correction drive, it is necessary to make the film movable in the X and Y directions at the time of shake correction, but this operation is performed by winding and rewinding means 7 and the film guide 12. FIG. 13 shows a film loading state of the camera with the rear lid 34 removed. As shown in the figure, the film 10 coming out of the cartridge 100 passes between the film guides 71a and 71b of the film guide means 12, and further passes between the outer rail surfaces 31a and 31b on the holding part main body 29, After the perforations engage the teeth of the sprocket 52, the sprocket 52 is wound around the spool 60.

When the motion compensation operation is performed with the film loaded as described above, the film 10 is
As described above, it moves in the X and Y directions while being sandwiched between the holding part main body 29 and the pressure plate 30. However, according to the conventional structure, the film 10 is regulated by the cartridge 100, the sprocket 52, and the spool 60 in all directions or in either direction even if there is a margin of looseness. Therefore, the motion for blur correction cannot be accurately applied to the film 10. Therefore, in the camera of this embodiment, the film 1
In order to ensure movement within a predetermined range of 0, the film guides 71a and 71b, which are the film guide means 12, and the sprocket 52 are each driven by a position restriction release mechanism, and the switching operation is performed before and after the shake correction operation. Assumed to be performed. This operation is performed by the film guides 71a and 71b and the sprocket 5 via the limiting means 11.
This is performed by operating the position regulation release mechanism 2 of FIG.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of the position regulation release mechanism portion of the sprocket 52. As shown in the figure, the sprocket 52 is mounted slidably in the axial direction of the shaft 52a, and is rotationally driven only in one direction during winding through the drive gears 57 and 58. Two releasing cams 51, which are sprocket releasing members inserted between the upper and lower end faces of the sprocket 52 and the upper and lower drive gears 58, are fixed to the releasing drive shaft 53 arranged in parallel with the shaft 52a. .. The release drive shaft 53 is driven via the gear 55. Each of the two release cams 51 has a cam portion 51a that is bulged toward the end face of the sprocket 52 and a stepped cam portion 51b that is thinly cut in the axial direction. Then, when the release drive shaft 53 rotates and the cam portion 51a side is fitted into the upper and lower end surface portions of the sprocket 52, the sprocket 52 is sandwiched between the upper and lower two cam portions 51b, and the vertical movement thereof. Regulated. Also, the release drive shaft 5
When the cam portion 51b side is inserted into the upper and lower end surface portions of the sprocket 52, the sprocket 52 is rotated.
Can be moved up and down by the gap created thereby. As described above, a drive mechanism that can rotate only in the winding direction and does not rotate in the rewinding direction is normally provided by a known mechanism. Further, when the restriction releasing operation is performed by the limiting means 11, it is assumed to have a mechanism that enables rotation in the rewinding direction as in the rewinding operation.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view of the position regulation release mechanism portion of the film guide portion. As shown in the figure, in the above-mentioned mechanism portion, guide members 72a and 72b having rack portions 72c and 72d having helical teeth are arranged on both sides of the film 10 in a vertically movable state. Further, the guide members 72a and 72b are provided with a film-shaped guide 71 having a protruding shape for restricting the width direction of the film 10 at the tip end on the film side.
a and 71b are integrally provided. The rack portion 72
Drive gears 73a and 73b, which are integrally driven via a drive gear 74, are meshed with c and 72d, respectively. Then, when the drive gears 73a and 73b rotate, the guide members 72a and 72b and the film guide 71a,
71b moves up and down. The movement directions are respectively in the S and T directions to hold the film 10 at the normal reference position at the time of winding and rewinding, and in the shake correction operation, they are respectively moved to the R and U directions in the width direction of the film 10. A gap is made in the film so that the film 10 can be moved up and down.

On the other hand, in the lower part of the camera body 101 (see FIG. 3), gear trains 75 and 76a, 76b which are common drive sources for driving the film guide and rewinding drive are arranged. Rewinding gears 77b and 77c fixed to the shaft 77a and driving the film rewinding system are similarly arranged. The gears 74, 76b, 77b are located opposite to each other without meshing with each other. And
An operation selection gear 78 supported by a gear support 79 that is movable in the V / W direction is arranged in the gears 76b and 74 or 76b and 77b in such a manner that they can simultaneously mesh with each other. Further, when the gear support 79 is moved in the V direction, the selection gear 78 meshes with the gears 76b and 74, and when the gear support 79 is moved in the W direction, the selection gear 78 is moved.
78 meshes with gears 76a and 77b.

The gear 75 is driven by a drive source of a spool / sprocket drive unit. Further, the selection gear 78 is always kept in the state of meshing with the gear 76b. Then, when the gear support 79 is moved in the V direction, the selection gear 78 meshes with the gear 76b and further 74, and the gear 74 is driven. And drive gear-7
The guide members 72a and 72b move in a direction approaching the film or a direction away from the film via the 3a and 73b, and the film guides 71a and 71b also move in the R and S directions or the U and T directions, respectively. On the other hand, when the gear support 79 is moved in the W direction, the selection gear 78 is moved to the gear.
The rewinding gear 77c is driven by meshing with 76b and 77b. The drive of the gear support 79 is performed via the limiting means 11.

The sprocket 52 constructed as described above
The operation of the position restriction release mechanism portion of the film guides 71a and 71b will be described. First, prior to the shake correction operation, the gear support 79 of FIG. 15 is moved in the V direction, and the selection gear 78 is changed to the gear 76b. Further, it is in a state of meshing with 74. Therefore, when the common drive gear 75 is driven, the gear 74 is driven via the drive gears 76a and 76b.
Is driven, and further, the guide members 72a and 72b are moved in directions away from each other via the drive gears 73a and 73b. The film guides 71a and 71b are also in the R direction,
It also moves in the U direction. In this state, there is a predetermined gap between the film 10 and the film guides 71a and 71b, and the movement of the film for blur correction is not hindered. At the same time, the release drive shaft 53 of FIG.
Is driven to insert the cam portion 51b side of the release cam 51 into the end face side of the sprocket 52. In this state, the sprocket 52 can move in the axial direction by a predetermined amount, and the film 10 can also move up and down with the perforations still engaged. Further, the rotation driving portion of the sprocket 52 is set in a free state in which the sprocket 52 can also rotate in the rewinding direction. With each of the above operations, the film 10 is held in a freely movable state in both the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, and there is no obstacle to the movement of the film 10 due to the shake correction operation, and the shake correction can be performed with high accuracy. Is executed. In this case, the fact that the film holding means 8 acts to strengthen the holding force of the film 10 is as follows.
As described above.

After the predetermined exposure is completed, the process shown in FIG.
The selection gear 78 of 5 is gear 76b and further gear 74
The common drive gear 75 is driven in the opposite direction to the above while keeping meshing with. Then, the guide member 72a,
72b are moved toward each other to move the film guides 71a and 71b in the S direction and the T direction, respectively. In this state, there is no gap between the film 10 and the film guides 71a and 71b, and the width direction of the film 10 is regulated to a state where there is almost no vertical movement at the normal center position. On the other hand, the release drive shaft 53 shown in FIG. 14 is driven, and the cam portion 51a side of the release cam 51 is moved to the sprocket 5
Insert on the end face side of 2. In this state, the sprocket 5
It becomes impossible to move the two in the axial direction. Further, the rotation drive section of the sprocket 52 can be wound and rotated as described above. By these operations, the film 10 is positioned in the width direction, and the smooth winding can be executed without the vertical movement of the sprocket 52.

In this case as well, the film holding means 8 is used.
As described above, the action of the force weakens the holding force of the film 10. In the film guide / rewinding gear drive system described above, the selection gear 78 meshes with either the film guide gear 74 or the rewinding gear 77b, so that the common gear 76b can be rotated. It is a structure that transmits the driving force to either side. And since the drive of the film guide and the rewinding drive do not operate at the same time,
By determining the position of the selection gear 78 according to the timing of the sequence of the camera, it is possible to obtain two operations from one driving source in this manner.
In addition, the gear support 79 employs a mechanism for moving in the V / W direction of the axial direction to perform switching in the switching selection operation. It is also possible to employ a mechanism for switching.

Next, regarding the control operation in the photographing sequence of each control element of the camera of this embodiment described above,
This will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. First, various conditions for photographing are initialized (step S0).
1). Next, a state of waiting for input of the first release signal (1R) for photographing is set (step S02). If the first
When a release signal is input, AE (photometry) and AF (distance measurement) are executed (step S03). Then, the state of waiting for the input of the second release signal (2R) for exposure is set (step S04). If the second release signal is input, the blur detection by the blur detection unit 1 and the calculation of the blur amount are performed (step S05). Then, the film guides 71a and 71b are
It is moved in the R and U directions (opening direction) of FIGS. 13 and 15 (step S06). By this operation, the film cartridge 1
The vertical movement range on the 00 side expands. Regarding the movement in the left and right direction on the side of the cartridge, the film movement amount is 1 mm even if it is estimated to be 20 times as large as 50 μm (a value approximately equal to the permissible circle of confusion diameter) where humans feel blurring. There is no effect. The selection gear 78 is set to move to the film guide drive side (V side in FIG. 15) when the first frame is detected when the film is loaded, except when the film needs to be rewound.
The time loss due to switching is minimized. Next, the release driving shaft 53 is driven to insert the cam portion 51b of the release cam 51 of the sprocket releasing member into the sprocket 52 side as described above (step S07). By this operation, a gap is formed between the sprocket 52 and the gear 58, the sprocket 52 is movable, and the movement of the film 10 is not hindered. Furthermore, the movement of the sprocket 52 in the rotational direction is made free (step S0
8).

Next, receiving the calculation result of step S05, the initial position calculation is performed on the film for blur correction,
The film 10 is moved to the same position by the driving means 6 (step S09). Then, the film driving means 6
It is determined whether or not the driving by is stopped (step S10). This stop is confirmed when the film is driven to correct the influence of the blur, because the film moves in a direction different from the direction in which the blur occurs by 180 °. The moving direction of the film is the same as the direction of the blur that is occurring. Therefore, if the exposure is started before the initial position setting is completed, the blur is corrected rather than corrected.
Subsequently, when the initial position is set, exposure is started, and at the same time, blur correction by driving the film is also started (step S11). After the elapse of a predetermined exposure time (step S12), the exposure and blur correction are completed.

Then, the position detecting LEDs 90x and 90y of the first photographing mask 21 are turned on (step S13),
Based on the position signals from the PSDs 91x and 91y, the reset operation for returning the first photographing mask 21, that is, the film 10 to the initial position is started (step S14). After confirming the completion of the reset operation (step S15), the process proceeds to step S16. Until the reset operation is completed, the next step does not proceed. This is because if the next film is wound up without waiting for the completion of resetting, the position of the screen may shift in the next shooting, and the shooting screen as shown in FIG. 19B may be displayed. ..

In step S16, the LED 90
After turning off x and 90y, the outer rail surfaces 31a and 31b are pushed out to the state of FIG. 10 in order to weaken the holding force of the film 10 as described with reference to FIGS. 7, 9 and 10 (step S17). After the completion of the operation, the process proceeds to step S19 (step S18). In step S19, the film guides 71a and 71b are moved in the S and T directions of FIGS.
Rotate 5. Further, in step S20, as shown in FIG.
As described in Section 4, the release drive shaft 53 is rotated through the drive gear 55, the cam portions 51a of the release cam 51 are inserted into both end surfaces of the sprocket 52, and the sprocket 52 is restricted so as not to move up and down. .. In this operation, the shake correction and exposure by the film drive are completed, and when the winding operation is performed next time, if the upper and lower margins of the film guide and the sprocket are large, the height of the film imprinting surface becomes uneven due to the winding operation. This is because there is a risk. Further, in step S21, the drive mechanism of the sprocket 52 is locked so that the sprocket 52 rotates in only one direction, that is, the winding direction. Then, the film is wound (step S22). Then, the outer rail surfaces 31a and 31b are returned to the film holding state shown in FIG. 9 to strengthen the film holding force so as to be ready for the next photographing, and the process returns to step S02 (step S23).

Next, the rewinding operation of the film 10 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. First, in step S31, whether the last frame has been detected,
Alternatively, it is determined whether or not the forced rewinding instruction has been issued, and the determination proceeds to step S32. Then, as described in FIGS. 7 and 10, the outer rail surface 31
By moving a and 31b, the holding power of the film is weakened. The reason why this operation is necessary is as already described in FIG. After confirming the completion of the moving operation, step S3
4 (step S33). Therefore, the operation selection gear 78 of FIG. 15 is meshed with the rewinding gear 77b. Further, in step S35, the rotation driving unit of the sprocket 52 is freed to be in the rewindable state. Then, the common drive gear 75 is driven, the rewinding operation is started, and it is confirmed that a predetermined amount of rewinding has been performed, and step S38 is performed.
(Step S36, 37). Therefore, the rotation mechanism portion of the sprocket 52 is locked so that it will not be carelessly rotated by a finger or the like even when the rear lid 34 is opened. Then, in step S39, the operation selection gear-7
8 is engaged with the drive gear 74 side, and the film guide 71
A and 71b are set in a drivable state. Then, the film guides 71a and 71b are driven to be opened. In this way, the operation selection gear 78 is engaged with the guide drive side until the film is replaced next time.
This is because the opening and closing operations of a and 71b are performed, and setting the guide drive state in this way reduces the time loss of the subsequent operation, although it is slight. Also, to keep the film guides 71a and 71b in the open state,
This is because the next time a new film is loaded, the more distant the film guides that regulate the film position, the easier it is to load.

Next, the film loading process when the film 10 is loaded and the rear lid 34 is closed will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. First, in step S51, the entire camera is initialized. Then, in step S52, it is determined whether the film 10 is loaded or, if not, in step S58, the rear lid 34 is closed. If it is loaded, the closed state of the rear lid 34 is confirmed and the process proceeds to step S54. If it is not loaded and the rear lid 34 is not closed, the process returns to step S52, but if the rear lid 34 is closed, the process proceeds to step S57, and the "empty copy" processing state is set.

In step S54, the film guide 71a,
71b is closed to allow winding. In step S55, the winding operation of the film 10 is started and 1
When the winding up to the frame is detected (step S5
6) In step S57, the outer rail surfaces 31a and 31b are moved to the initial positions, and the film holding force is set to be strong. In this way, it corresponds to the shooting operation that is subsequently executed. If the rear lid 34 is closed in the state where the film 10 is not loaded in step S58, the process ends through step S57. In this state, the AE and AF operations are normally performed and the shutter is released. The so-called "empty image" and "empty shutter" that can turn off the shutter are possible.
However, the shake correction operation by driving the film is unnecessary, and the sprocket 52 and the film guide 31a,
Since the operations relating to 31b and the like are also unnecessary, it is possible to give an instruction by the control means 3 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) so as not to execute these operations in the above "empty copying" state.

As described above, in the camera of the present embodiment, the film holding force is strengthened by the holding means 8 at the time of blurring correction, the film 10 is held so as not to slip, and weakened at the time of winding and rewinding to reduce the load. Because I did
Shake correction is performed more accurately, and further winding,
The electric power required for rewinding is also reduced, and at the same time, quick winding and rewinding are possible, and since the film 10 is not subjected to excessive force, the perforation and the film surface are protected. Further, the plate spring 35 supporting the pressure plate 30 is provided with two kinds of notches 35a and 35b for attachment to the rear lid 34, so that the pressure plate 30 moves unnecessarily except during shake correction. There is no. Therefore,
It is possible to maintain an ideal film holding state without the occurrence of a balance or displacement of the film holding force due to the position shift of the pressure plate 30, and the movement between the rail surface, the photomask, the film and the pressure plate during the film feeding. It becomes smooth. Further, the film guides 71a and 71b and the film cassette 52 maintain the released state or the closed state / locked state between the film cartridge 100 and the spool 60 in correspondence with the shake correction and the winding / rewinding. This makes it possible to achieve more accurate blur correction and smooth film feed.

The holding means 8 of the camera of the above embodiment
In the above, as shown in FIGS.
The outer rail surfaces 31a and 31b are moved in the Z-axis direction to hold or release the film 10, but as a modified example, the inner rail surfaces 32a and 32b in FIG.
It is also possible to apply a structure in which the film 10 is held or released in the axial direction by moving the film 10.
In this case, the inner rail surfaces 32a and 32b drive the actuator so that the inner rail surfaces 32a and 32b are pushed out to the film side for the film holding state and retracted in the opposite direction to the film side for the film releasing state.

Further, in the present embodiment, the piezoelectric body is applied as the actuator of the driving means 6 as described above, but the actuator is not limited to this actuator, and other actuators can be used as long as the same operation can be obtained. It can be an element.

[0047]

As described above, in the camera of the present invention in which the film is driven by the driving means to correct the blur, the film holding means is set to the operating state before the photographing by the blur correction. Increase holding power, while
In the case of film feed, on the contrary, the holding power was lowered. Therefore, according to the present invention, the shake correction can be surely performed, and the film winding and rewinding can be performed under a low load condition, and further, the film is smoothly fed without applying an excessive force. It will be possible. Further, since the driving mechanism and the like can apply the conventional mechanism as they are, they have many remarkable effects such as being advantageous in terms of cost and shape.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the concept of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a main block configuration diagram of a camera showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a mounting state of a blur detection unit of the camera shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is an optical path diagram showing an image formation position when a blur occurs in the camera of FIG.

5 is an exploded perspective view of the external appearance of the mechanical portion of the driving means and the holding means of the camera of FIG.

FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the drive unit of the camera of FIG. 2 and a mechanism unit of a holding unit, as viewed from the rear lid side.

7 is a perspective view showing a mechanism portion of a holding unit of the camera shown in FIG.

8 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state when the rear lid of the holding means of the camera of FIG. 2 is opened.

9 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state of the holding means of the camera of FIG. 2 when holding a film.

10 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a released state of film holding of the holding means of the camera shown in FIG.

11 is a perspective view of a plate spring for pressing the pressure plate when the rear cover of the camera of FIG. 2 is opened.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a plate spring for pressing the pressure plate when the rear cover of the camera shown in FIG. 2 is closed.

13 is a view showing a film loading state of the camera of FIG.

14 is a perspective view of a sprocket position restriction release mechanism portion of the camera of FIG. 2;

15 is a perspective view of a position regulation release mechanism portion of the film guide portion of the camera shown in FIG.

16 is a flowchart of a photographing process of the camera of FIG.

17 is a flowchart of a film rewinding process of the camera shown in FIG.

18 is a flowchart of a film loading process of the camera of FIG.

FIG. 19 shows a state of a shooting screen on a film in a conventional camera, (A) shows a case where shooting is normally performed,
(B) shows the state of the shooting screen when the position of the shooting screen fluctuates up and down.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ………………………… Blur detection means 1a, 1b ……………… Angle sensor (shake detection means) 2 ………………………… Calculation means 6 ………………………… Driving means 8 ………………………… Holding means 9 ……………………… Photographing optical system 25a to 25d ……… Piezoelectric body drive section (driving means) 26a to 26d ……… Piezoelectric body ( Drive means) 31a, 31b ......... Outer rail surface (holding means) 40 ............... Actuator (holding means) 42A, 42B ......... Drive gear- (holding means) 43A, 43B ... Shaft (holding means) 44 ..... Intermediate shaft (holding means) 44A, 44B ..... Intermediate gear- (holding means) 102 ............... Photographing lens (photographing optical system) 102a ... …………… First lens (shooting optical system) 102b ……………… Second lens (shooting optical system)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An image pickup optical system for forming a subject image on a film surface, a shake detecting means for detecting a shake of a camera, and an output of the shake detecting means,
And a driving means for driving the film by operating in response to an output of the blurring means, a driving means for eliminating blurring of a subject image on the film surface, and a driving means for driving the film. And a holding means for holding the film, and when the film is driven by the driving means, the holding means is operated to wind the film,
A camera characterized by releasing the above holding when rewinding.