JPH0570531B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for thickening a portion of a cylindrical part of a component having a cylindrical part.

Such a device is particularly important as it forms part of the proposal of the inventor of the present invention regarding a method and device for manufacturing a sheet metal poly-V pulley formed into a predetermined shape by plastic working of sheet metal material. be.

According to this proposal, a cylinder with a bottom is first made from sheet metal by drawing. Next,
The cylindrical portion of the bottomed cylinder is partially thickened. Next, holes such as a center hole and mounting bolt holes are drilled in the cylinder with a bottom whose thickness has been increased, and finally a V-groove is rolled.

An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus suitable for the thickening stage adopted in such a proposal, and in particular, when increasing the thickness, the part to be thickened is deformed by deformation other than thickening. The object of the present invention is to provide a device that does not bulge, and the device according to the invention is novel and can be widely used for plastic working to increase the thickness of a part of a cylindrical part of a component generally having a cylindrical part.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The embodiment of the poly-V pulley shown in cross-section in FIG. There are a flange portion 4 having an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the V ridge 3 between them, and a two-layer flange portion 5. The central part from the flange part 5 is a disk and has a central hole 6. In practice, a disc is often provided with a plurality of bolt holes on its outer periphery, and also with thinning holes for weight reduction. What has been explained above is generally well known, and when it is made from a single plate, it has no choice but to have such a shape.

Therefore, the point lies not in the above, but in the provision of a large number of concavities and convexities on the inner diameter portion of the back side of the V-groove 2. As shown in the front view of the poly-V pulley in FIG. 2, this unevenness consists of a concave portion 7 and a convex portion 8 running parallel to the direction of the axis A. Although this unevenness has nothing to do with the function of the V-pulley, the formation of this unevenness improves the accuracy of the V-groove, which is a functional part. Details regarding this point will be described later.

Next, a method of processing this will be explained with reference to FIGS. 3, 4, 5, and 6.
The drawing process shown in FIG. 3 is currently widely performed, so there is no need to explain the process. It is almost equal to the diameter.

FIG. 4 shows a shape in which a portion of the cylindrical portion is thickened, and reference numeral 10 indicates the thickened portion. This thickening process is difficult, and although it is possible with current technology by increasing the number of processing steps, it increases the cost and is therefore rarely used productively. Here, focusing on this point, a specific method for increasing the thickness in one step is provided.

Figure 5 shows the drilling process, in which center holes, bolt holes, etc. are drilled. This also seems to need no explanation.

Figure 6 shows the rolling process, which is an important item. One of its features is that the entire process is simplified by reducing the material 1, which has approximately the same diameter as the flange portion 5, to the diameter of the V-groove and then rolling the material into a V-groove. . Another feature is that the accuracy of the V-groove is improved by forming irregularities on the inner diameter portion of the back surface of the V-groove during V-groove rolling.

As mentioned above, the important parts can be summarized into the following three parts.
One is to form unevenness on the inner diameter part of the back side of the V groove,
This is the shape of the poly V pulley itself, which improves the precision of the V groove. Next, there is a very standardized manufacturing method and a processing technology for implementing this method, and the key points of this technology are the thickening process and the rolling process.

Since the general outline has been explained above, the specific processing technology will be explained in detail below, but as mentioned above, only the thickening process shown in Figure 4 and the rolling process shown in Figure 6 need to be explained. It is.

First, the thickness increasing method in the thickness increasing process shown in FIG. 4 will be described. FIG. 7 shows the processing principle of this thickening method. Reference numeral 1 indicates the material that has been subjected to the drawing process shown in FIG. The male die 11 and the upper die 12 can move downward while narrowing the bottom part 16 of the material 1. However, the lower end of the material 1 is connected to the fixed mold 1
4, so it does not move. Therefore, when the male die 11 and the upper die 12 move downward, the length of the cylindrical portion of the material 1 becomes shorter. Broken line 1
6a shows that the bottom 16 has changed position. However, there is a female die 13 above the cylindrical part of the material 1, and a split die 15 below which can increase the diameter.
Therefore, the excess meat due to the shortening of the length of the cylindrical part of the material 1 protrudes at the part of the split mold 15 where the diameter can be increased. What is important here is that a constant pressure is maintained toward the center of the split mold 15. If this pressure is weak, both the inner and outer diameters of the cylindrical portion swell, resulting in bulging rather than thickening. Therefore, in order to increase the thickness, it is necessary to accurately control the magnitude of the pressure.

A specific apparatus for the principle of the above-mentioned thickening process will be described below with reference to FIGS. 8, 9, and 10. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a mold for increasing thickness, with the left side of the center line B showing the state before starting the thickening process, and the right side showing the state after completing the thickening process. Further to the right, the hydraulic control of the split mold is indicated using the symbol of a hydraulic system. FIG. 9 shows a cross-section of the split mold 15 and its surroundings without hatching, and FIG.
This is an enlarged part of it. These functional operations will be explained step by step below, but explanations of the basic structure of the mold, etc., which current sheet metal processing engineers can understand at a glance, will be omitted.

At the beginning of the thickening process, the blank 1 is inserted into the upper part of the male die 11. At this time, the ram of the press is at the top dead center, the mold is wide open, and the male mold 11 is lifted to a predetermined position by the dicing pin 18, so insertion is easy. The ram is then lowered and the bottom 16 of the blank 1 is squeezed between the knockout 12 and the male die 11.
At this time, the female die 13 fits onto the outer diameter of the material 1 and restrains that portion. When the ram further descends, the lower surface of the female mold 13 comes into contact with the upper surface of the split mold 15 and stops. At this time, the end of the material 1 is close to the stepped portion 17 of the fixed mold 14. When the ram further descends, the knockout 12 descends while compressing the elastic body 19 located at the upper part of the female mold 13, and the lower end of the material 1 is strongly pressed against the stepped portion 17 of the fixed mold 14.

At this time, the bottom part 16 of the material 1 is pressed down by dictation pressure to prevent deformation of this part, the inner diameter of the material 1 is restrained by the male mold 11, and the upper part of the outer diameter is restricted by the female mold 13. The lower part is restrained by a fixed mold 14. Therefore,
When the lamb descends from this point, the meat of material 1 will be split into mold 1.
It has no choice but to protrude into the 5 part. In this case, if the split mold 15 were not present, the cylindrical portion of the material 1 would bulge in the outer circumferential direction, resulting in a bulging process that is commonly performed. Here, the split mold 15 presses the outer periphery with a planned pressure to prevent the meat from bulging, while allowing the excess meat to protrude into this area. This means that the amount of shrinkage caused by compressing the length of the cylindrical portion of the material 1 has been transferred to the thickened portion.

The problem in the thickening process mentioned above is that the split mold 15
is the pressing force toward the center of If this is less,
The above-mentioned bulge processing will occur, but if the pressure is applied to a level that does not cause this, wavy wrinkles will occur. Furthermore, if the pressure is too high, a large force will be applied to the mold, which may cause damage. Originally, this process is different from general sheet metal press working such as drawing and bending, and is a type of cold-melting process in which a tremendous force is applied to the mold. Therefore, unless the pressing force of the split mold 15 is precisely controlled, mold breakage, quality defects, etc. may occur frequently. This control method will be described later.

Thickening is complete when the ram reaches its lowest point.
Thereafter, the ram is raised to remove the material 1, but before that, it is necessary to remove the pressing force of the split mold 15. This point will be discussed below. When the ram rises, the male mold 11 also rises due to the dictation pressure. At this time, the female die 13 is pushed downward by the elastic body 19, but since the diameter of the thickened part of the material 1 is larger and the pressure applied by the dicing is greater, the male die 11 and It rises at the same speed as material 1. In this case, if a pressing force is applied to the split mold 15, the split mold 15 will also rise together. This is dangerous, and it is not possible to take out the material 1 while the split mold 15 is pressurized, so it is necessary to remove this pressurizing force as soon as the ram starts to rise. In this way, when the ram is raised, the split mold 15 remains in the same position, and the material 1 can be removed from the split mold 15.

As the ram rises further, the lower step of the male die 11 abuts the step 20 of the fixed die 14, and the stroke of the lower dictation of the cushion pin 18 ends here, so that the male die 11 stops rising.
Therefore, the rise of the material 1 also stops, and at the same time, the female mold 1
3 also stops at that position. After this, the elastic body 19 stretches as the ram rises, and finally the female mold 13
The step 21 of the guide ring 22 comes to engage with the upper step. From this point on, the female mold 13 rises with the ram. At this time, the upper part of the cylindrical part of the material 1 is stuck between the lower part of the female mold 13 and the male mold 11, but when the female mold 13 rises, the material 1 follows the female mold 13 and leaves the male mold 11. It will come out. However, there is no guarantee that material 1 will pass through male mold 11, but from experience, there is a high probability that material 1 will pass through female mold 13. If there is a risk that the material 1 will not rise up to the female mold 13 and remain in the male mold 11, a squirting device (not shown) may be installed inside the male mold so that the material 1 does not rise up to the female mold 13 in a planned manner. You need to be able to keep up with it.

When the ram further rises and approaches the top dead center, the push-out rod 23 pushes the knock-out 12 and pulls out the material 1 from the female die 13.

The function of this thickening mold has been explained in detail above, but in this explanation, we will explain things that can be understood just by looking at the drawings, methods of fixing mold parts, etc., and common knowledge of mold technology and press technology. Detailed explanations of specific matters have been omitted.

As shown in FIG. 9, which shows a cross-section of the split mold 15 and its surroundings, with some hatching omitted, the split mold 15 has a radial shape due to the enlargement of its outer diameter. In order to prevent the gap from becoming too large, the number of divisions is increased. 24 indicates a packing that surrounds the split mold 15, which is the same as the eighth one.
It has a cross section as shown in the figure, and its diameter expands or contracts in response to changes in the diameter of the split mold 15. Although this is not inherently desirable, in this case the amount is small and is sufficient for practical purposes, and by allowing this, a simple structure can be obtained. Reference numeral 26 indicates a cylinder, which has a structure that can withstand high pressure. Between the gasket 24 and the cylinder 26 is a high pressure chamber created by hydraulic pressure, and its passage is shown at 27 in FIG.
It is indicated by. Triangular piece 2 placed around the outer periphery of the split mold
5 acts to prevent the packing 24 from digging into the gap created by the expansion of the split mold 15. As shown by the chain line in FIG. 10, which is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 9, even if the diameter of the split mold 15 is increased to create a gap 27a, the packing portion remains airtight.

In the above-mentioned thickening process, the split mold 15 is pressurized toward the center, but this pressing force must be precisely controlled. An example of a control mechanism that accomplishes that control method is diagrammatically illustrated on the right side of FIG.

In FIG. 8, the piston 28 is connected to the cylinder 30.
It also constitutes the source of hydraulic pressure that acts as a pump,
When the upper mold moves downward, piston 2
8 is pushed downward, and when the upper mold moves upward, the piston 28 returns upward under the action of the spring 31. To achieve such operation, in the illustrated embodiment, the upper mold has an arm 29 that acts on the piston 28, but this is for illustrative purposes only and it is not assumed that the arm 29 is actually present. is not limited.

When the arm 29 presses down on the piston 28 during the descent of the ram of the press, the oil located below the piston 28 reaches the cylinder 26 through the passage 32 and also enters the check valve 33, according to the invention, into the split mold. A pressure regulating valve 34 and a two-way valve 35 are reached, which constitute the means for regulating the applied pressure, by means of which the split mold 15 is initially moved in the direction of the center. As the ram descends further, the split mold 15 reaches the end of its centerward movement. This point is just before the mold begins its thickening action. When the mold reaches the end of its centerward movement, the oil has nowhere to go and creates high pressure. This high pressure is applied to the pressure regulating valve 3.
4 is activated, oil flows through the passage 36 to the tank 37.
to go into. The ram continues to descend further, causing the mold to begin thickening. From this point on, the diameter of the split mold 15 increases and the oil in the cylinder 26 flows back through the passage 32, joining the oil being forced out by the piston 28 and flowing into the tank through the pressure regulating valve 34. I'm 37 years old. In this way, while the material 1 is being thickened, the split mold 15
The pressure acting on is maintained at the set pressure value of the pressure regulating valve 34.

When the ram then starts to rise, the piston 28 also rises, causing the pressure to fall, but this fall is usually not very sudden because each part is elastically deformed. In order to overcome this difficulty, here, a solenoid valve is provided which constitutes a means for releasing the pressure acting on the split mold 15 when the ram reaches the bottom dead center or before it reaches the bottom dead center in conjunction with the movement of the ram. 3
5 are arranged as shown in FIG. 8, thereby making it possible to obtain ideal timing. In this way, ideal control of the split mold 15 during the raising of the ram can be achieved. Next, when the piston 28 returns due to the rise of the ram, the check valve 33 is opened and the oil in the tank 37 is drawn up into the cylinder 30, thus preparing for the next operation.

In the thickening method described above, the split mold 15 can be pressurized in various ways, only one example of which is shown here. For example, it is conceivable to use a dictation attached to a press machine, but this pressing force is much larger, and as the width of the thickened portion increases, the pressing force becomes larger than the pressure required for processing. In this respect, according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention that utilizes hydraulic pressure, equipment loss and energy loss are extremely small.

Next, the rolling process shown in FIG. 6 will be explained. In Figures 11 and 12 showing each stage of rolling, the left side of the center line C in Figure 11 shows the state before rolling starts, and the right side of the center line C in Figure 11 shows the state when rolling is completed. Indicates the condition. Furthermore, these intermediate states are illustrated in FIG. The feature of this rolling process is that a material 1 having approximately the same diameter as the flange portion 5 shown in FIG. At the same time, the purpose is to form unevenness on the back side of the V-mount.

To explain Fig. 11 and Fig. 12,
Reference numeral 40 indicates a rotary table, and a guide pin 41 is provided at the center thereof. After inserting the center hole of material 1 into this, molds 42 to 4 located above
When 7 is lowered, the arrangement will be as shown in the figure. A tightening die 42 of the dies 42 to 47 tightens the bottom of the material 1 first. This tightening mold 42 is a holder 46
It is attached to the rotating shaft 47 by a screwdriver, and is configured to be able to rotate while being pressurized. Tightening type 4
The outer movable die 43 of 2 can be moved downward by a small amount, but is held at a fixed position by an elastic body 45 such as rubber. An uneven groove 48 is formed in the lower part of the movable die 43. A pressurizing die 44 surrounding the movable die 43 is configured to achieve pressurization as it rotates. Reference numeral 50 indicates a pressure roll, which is held in place by a spring 51.

In the state shown on the left side of FIG. 11 just before the start of processing, the pressure roll 50 is positioned in a fixed position by the spring 51. Material 1 by tightening die 42
is tightened between the clamping die 42 and the rotary table 40, and furthermore, the pressing die 44 strongly presses the end portion 49 of the material 1. In this state, the molds 42 to 47,
While rotating the rotating tables 40 to 41 and the entire material 1, the roll 50 is advanced toward the center of rotation. By doing so, first of all, the diameter of the material 1 becomes smaller.

FIG. 12 shows a state in which the diameter of the V-groove is reduced to form a flange portion. At this time, the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion of the material 1 comes into contact with the outer diameter of the movable die 43, and unevenness begins to form in this portion of the material 1. And V
As the groove processing progresses, the unevenness becomes deeper.

At this time, the following problem occurs. According to the experimental results, in the state shown in FIG. 12, the flange portion (the portion indicated by reference numeral 5 in FIG. 1) is not complete, and therefore, in order to form a complete flange portion, it is necessary to It is necessary to move the cylindrical part further downward. The force for this movement is received from the pressure mold 44, but since the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion of the material 1 is biting into the uneven groove 48 of the movable mold 43, if the movable mold 43 does not move, the pressure mold 44 The pressure is not applied downwards, resulting in an uneven top and bottom.

In order to solve the problem described in the previous paragraph, the mobile type 43
is provided, and from the state shown in FIG. 12, the movable type 43
begins to move downward while compressing the elastic body 45. At this time, the pressure of the elastic body 45 is
The influence of the pressure of this elastic body can be ignored. In this way, the mobile type 4
According to No. 3, the rolling process can be performed by making the pressing force of the pressing die 44 as uniform as possible. However, when the number of V-grooves is small, the movable die 43 may be omitted and only the tightening die 42 is used.

At the time of completion of machining, the movable mold 43 moves to the first position.
As shown on the right side of FIG. 1, it is located at the lowest end while compressing the elastic body 45.

When the roll 50 is returned to the position before processing from the state on the right side of FIG. 11 and the upper mold group is pulled up, the material 1 follows. In the final stage, the tightening mold 42
Then, the pressure mold 44 is moved relative to the movable mold 43 in a direction to remove the material, thereby blowing off the rolled product. In this way, a polygon V as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
The pulley is completed.

The main point of this invention, in which unevenness is provided on the inner diameter portion of the back surface of the V-groove in order to improve the machining accuracy of the V-groove, will be explained below with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14.

As shown in the explanatory diagram of FIG. 13, a narrow cylindrical material 51a obtained by cutting a pipe is fitted around the core bar 50a, and this is rotated, and a flat roll 53a is strongly pressed against it to make the cylindrical material plastic. Consider the work of transforming it. This work is clearly a rolling process, and the cylindrical material 51a is only thinner in thickness.
The diameter of is increased, and the state shown in the dashed line is obtained. In contrast to the rolling process of the cylindrical material mentioned above,
When rolling a poly V pulley, the diameter is restricted at the flange portion outside the V groove, so no change in diameter occurs in this area due to rolling. However, it is considered a natural result that the diameter increases as a result of rolling in the central region where this restraining force is weakened. FIG. 14 shows this state. The solid line shows the planned shape, but the actual shape is shown by the dashed line.

Firstly, when unevenness is provided on the inner diameter part of the back surface of the V-groove,
Rolling during rolling is suppressed, and the increase in diameter at the center is extremely small, and the precision of the angle is also improved. Furthermore, by providing the unevenness, it is possible to obtain the effect that irregularities in the V-mountains due to lack of accuracy in the rolled portion where the thickness of the material is increased are absorbed by the unevenness. According to actual test results, outer diameter 120
The conventional 5-thread V pulley with a diameter of 1.5 mm had an angular error of ±3° at most, but the one with unevenness had an angular error of ±1°. This means that the effect of the unevenness is sufficient. Since this experiment is a comparative experiment, it is certain that even higher accuracy can be obtained by improving rolling conditions and other factors.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 is a sectional view taken along the - line in FIG. 2, showing a poly-V pulley related to the present invention;
1 is a plan view showing a portion of the poly-V pulley shown in FIG. 1 in cross section taken along the - line in FIG. , Fig. 1 is a similar cross-sectional view, Fig. 7 is an illustrative drawing showing the principle of the thickening method, and Fig. 8 shows the shape of the material at the time of completion of each process suitable for manufacturing a poly V pulley. 9 shows a vertical cross-section of a mold for increasing thickness mainly passing through the axis, and diagrammatically schematically shows the related hydraulic system. FIG. 9 shows a cross-section of the split mold and its surroundings. , FIG. 10 is an enlarged view showing a part of FIG. 9 without hatching, and FIGS. 11 and 12 are enlarged views showing a part of FIG. 9 without hatching. Figures 13 and 14, which show the rolling device in vertical cross section primarily through the axis, are explanatory diagrams for clarifying the advantages associated with the invention. In the drawing, 1 is a cylinder with a bottom, 2 is a V
grooves, 4 and 5 are flange parts, 7 and 8 are irregularities of the cylindrical part, 10 is a thickened part, 12 and 14 are molds that compress the cylindrical part in the axial direction, 15 is a split mold,
28 and 30 are hydraulic sources, 32 is an oil passage, 33,
34 and 35 are control mechanisms, 40 and 42 are members that tighten the bottom, 43 is a movable type, 44 is a member that presses the end of the cylindrical part, 48 is a movable type unevenness, 5
0 indicates a processing roll.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Means for restraining all the inner and outer surfaces of a part with a cylindrical part except for the part to be increased in thickness, a split mold placed around the part to be increased in thickness to restrain this part, and a means for restraining the cylindrical part in the axial direction. A movable mold for compressing, a press ram movable for moving the movable mold, a hydraulic source actuated by the movement of the press ram to perform a pumping action, an oil passage extending from the hydraulic source to around the split mold, and A control mechanism disposed in the oil passage is provided so that pressure can be applied in the center direction to the split mold by the oil pressure, and the control mechanism is controlled so that the press ram descends to increase the thickness of the portion to be thickened. means for adjusting the pressure acting on the split mold so as to prevent the thickened portion from expanding due to deformation other than thickening; and means for releasing pressure acting on the mold.