JPH0564010B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a power generation device for a vehicle that can supply electric power with two voltage systems as required.

[Conventional technology]

Generally, a vehicle is equipped with a battery as a power source for the electrical load and a charging generator for charging the battery. The voltage of the electric circuit including this battery is a predetermined voltage that takes into consideration appropriate charging performance with respect to the system voltage of the battery, and the output voltage of the charging generator is set to a predetermined voltage so that it is output at a substantially constant voltage. Equipped with a regulator. In recent years, automobiles in particular have been equipped with devices to quickly melt ice on window glass in cold weather, auxiliary heaters to warm engine cooling water, or seat heaters to improve cabin comfort and comfort. The demand for this is increasing. These equipment only need to be operated for a short period of time until the vehicle's engine is sufficiently warmed up, for example 5 to 10 minutes after the engine has started, but because they require a large amount of heat, the power required to supply the heating element is also 1. ~
It is large, about 2KW.

In addition, due to the characteristics of the above-mentioned heating element and to reduce losses in wiring and switches, the applied power is set to a voltage several times higher than the system voltage of the battery mentioned above, and the current is suppressed. It has a separate power supply and electric circuit.
Conventionally, the power source for the electric heating element of such ice melting or auxiliary heating equipment has been a dedicated generator that is separate from the charging generator for battery charging, or a charging generator that uses a common casing and drive shaft to generate electricity. A system in which the element and two electrical circuit systems are mechanically integrated has been proposed. For example, the latter is shown in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 56-112866 or Japanese Utility Model Application No. 57-42565, in which two sets of armatures and a field are used as a generator for charging (low voltage) and high voltage load. It has an integrated structure with a common casing and drive shaft.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

Conventional vehicle power generators that require two voltage systems essentially require two generators, one for charging and one for high-voltage loads, resulting in high costs and large weight and volume. It had some drawbacks.

In addition, as mentioned above, the generator on the high-voltage load side is only needed for a limited time and operates without load most of the time, which is also uneconomical and causes energy loss to the vehicle engine. It was hot.

This invention was made to solve the above problems, and has approximately the same volume and weight as one normal charging generator, and can be used for battery charging (low voltage) and high voltage load as needed. The purpose of the present invention is to obtain a power generation device for a vehicle that can output two voltage systems at a relatively low cost.

[Means for solving problems]

The vehicle power generation device according to the present invention includes a first armature coil and a second armature coil having a larger number of turns than the first armature coil, arranged in parallel in one armature core of a charging generator. , providing first and second rectifiers for rectifying the respective armature coil outputs,
A common field coil for the two armature coils and a voltage regulator for adjusting the current of this field coil are provided, and the output end of the first rectifier and the second
The connection state in which the output end of the rectifier is connected in parallel to the low voltage load including the vehicle battery, and the first
A connection in which the output end of the second rectifier is connected to the charging circuit of the battery to supply power to a low voltage load including the battery, while the output end of the second rectifier is connected in series with the output end of the first rectifier to a high voltage load. A switch is provided that allows one of the states to be selected.

[Effect]

With the switch in this invention, the output end of the first rectifier and the output end of the second rectifier are connected in parallel to a low voltage load including a battery, and a low voltage is supplied to the low voltage load including the battery. The output end of the first rectifier is connected to a battery charging circuit to supply power to a low voltage load including the battery, and the second rectifier output end is connected in series with the output end of the first rectifier to supply power to a high voltage load. One of the connection states can be selected to connect and supply high voltage to the high voltage load.

[Embodiments of the invention]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In the figure, 1 is a generator driven by a vehicle engine (not shown), 2 is a first armature coil with three-phase winding, and 3 is a first armature coil with more turns than 2, but the same armature core. A second armature coil is wound in parallel with the coil, 4 and 5 are a first rectifier and a second rectifier that perform three-phase full-wave rectification of the output of each armature coil, and 6 is a rectifier that converts the rotating magnetic field of the generator 1 into a three-phase full-wave rectifier. The field coil 7 is a voltage regulator that adjusts the current to the field coil 6 based on the output voltage of the first rectifier. The configuration of the voltage regulator 7 is as shown below.
71 is a transistor that turns on and off the current to the field coil 6; 72 is a base resistor of the transistor 71; 73
is a driver transistor that controls the on/off of the transistor 71; 74 and 75 are voltage dividing resistors that divide the output terminal voltage of the first rectifier 4; and 76 is a voltage dividing resistor that detects the divided potential of the voltage dividing resistors 74 and 75 and sets it to a predetermined value. A zener diode 77 which becomes conductive when the voltage exceeds this value is a diode connected in parallel to the field coil 6 to absorb intermittent surges of the field coil 6. 8 is the battery installed in the vehicle, 9 is the low voltage load of the vehicle, 1
0 is a key switch that operates in conjunction with the start switch of the vehicle's engine and energizes the base resistor 72 of the voltage regulator 7; 11 is a high-voltage switch that is connected to a vehicle window glass melting device or an auxiliary heating device that requires high-voltage power; A voltage load, 12, a switching switch 13 configured to be able to switch the output end of the second rectifier 5 to be connected in parallel to the first rectifier 4 or in series and connected to the high voltage load; is a switch that controls the changeover switch 12 and opens/closes energization to the high voltage load 11.

The operation of one embodiment of the present invention configured as described above will be described. When the key switch 10 is turned on, the transistor 71 is turned on from the battery 8 through the base resistor 72 of the voltage regulator 7, and the field coil 6 is excited. When the vehicle is started from this state, the generator 1 is driven and the A voltage is induced in the first and second armature coils 2 and 3. First, when the switching switch 12 is connected as shown in the figure, that is, when the switch 13 is OFF and the high voltage load 11 is not used, the output terminal of the second rectifier 5 is connected in parallel to the output terminal of the first rectifier 4. Since the generator 1 is connected, the first and second armature coils 2 and 3 and the first and second rectifiers 4 and 5 act in parallel and output to the charging circuit of the battery 8. Generator 1 at this time
The output voltage of the voltage regulator 7 is adjusted to a predetermined value by the next operation of the voltage regulator 7.

That is, when the output voltage of the generator 1 becomes higher than a predetermined value, the voltage dividing point potential of the voltage dividing resistors 74 and 75 makes the Zener diode 76 conductive, and the transistor 73 is turned on, so the transistor 71 is turned off and the field is turned off. The coil 6 is de-energized, the field strength decreases and the output voltage of the generator 1 is lowered, and conversely, when it becomes lower than a predetermined value, the zener diode 76 is turned off, the transistor 73 is turned off, and the transistor 71 is turned off. ON
As a result, the field coil 6 is energized and the output voltage is increased, so that by repeating this operation, the output voltage of the generator 1 is controlled to a predetermined approximately constant value.

Next, when using the high voltage load 11, when the switch 13 is turned on, the output terminal of the second rectifier 5 is connected in series with the first rectifier 4 by the switching switch 12, and the series output terminal is connected to the first rectifier 4 in series. Connected to high voltage load 11. In this case, the second armature coil 3 has at least more turns than the first armature coil 2,
Further, since the field is common, the voltage generated at the series output terminals of the first and second rectifiers 4 and 5 is two to several times higher than the voltage regulated by the voltage regulator 7. Therefore, a high voltage is supplied to the high voltage load 11 from the series output terminal, and the voltage regulator 7 operates in the same manner as the output from the first rectifier 4 to the charging circuit of the battery 8. The output voltage is adjusted to a predetermined output voltage. In this state, the output of the battery 8 to the charging circuit is reduced to only the power generated by the first armature coil 2, but as mentioned above, the usage time of this type of high voltage load 11 is short. Therefore, the battery 8 will not be over-discharged. or,
The voltage value of the high voltage output on the second rectifier 5 side does not change because the impedance of the high voltage load 11 is set in advance, and is particularly controlled by appropriately designing the number of turns of the second armature coil 3. Even if it is not present, there will be no inconvenient fluctuation in use.

In the above embodiment, the switching switch 12 and the switch 13 are constructed of mechanical components, but they may also be constructed of semiconductor element circuits, and may be connected to the generator 1 either separately or integrally.

Further, in the above example, the voltage regulator 7 detects the voltage of the charging circuit to the battery 8 and controls the current flowing through the field coil 6, but in the case of a regulator having an auxiliary rectifier, this auxiliary rectifier may be used. The current flowing through the field coil 6 can be controlled based on the output voltage of the rectifier.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, a generator that outputs two systems of voltage, one for high-voltage loads and one for low-voltage loads including battery charging, as needed, is configured with one conventional charging generator. It has the effect of being able to reduce weight and volume, making it cheaper, and all of the power generation elements work effectively as output for low-voltage loads, except when outputting for high-voltage loads for short-term applications, making it a highly energy-efficient vehicle power generator. A device is obtained, and furthermore, even when a high voltage load is used, the first rectifier and the low voltage load are connected, and the low voltage load can also be supplied with power at the same time.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawing is a circuit diagram of a vehicle power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a generator, 2 is a first armature coil,
3 is the second armature coil, 4 is the first rectifier, 5
1 is a second rectifier, 6 is a field coil, 7 is a voltage regulator, 8 is a battery, 11 is a high voltage load, 12 is a switching switch, and 13 is a switch.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A first armature coil each wound in parallel around a common armature core of the generator, and a second armature coil having a larger number of turns than the first armature coil, and these first and second armature coils. a common field coil for the first and second armature coils, a voltage regulator for adjusting the current of the field coil, and a voltage regulator for adjusting the current of the field coil. 1st
The output end of the rectifier and the output end of the second rectifier are connected in parallel to a low voltage load including a vehicle battery, and the output end of the first rectifier is connected to a charging circuit of the battery. select one of the connection states in which the output terminal of the second rectifier is connected in series with the output terminal of the first rectifier to the high voltage load while supplying power to the low voltage load including the battery. A vehicle power generation device equipped with a switch that is made to be wetted.