JPH0563586B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <<Industrial Application Field>> The present invention relates to a roof structure of a large space structure, such as a stadium or an event hall, and particularly relates to a roof structure that can be partially opened and closed depending on the weather.

<<Prior Art and Problems>> As is well known, structures for athletic events such as baseball stadiums and track and field stadiums do not have roofs.

This is to ensure that athletic events can be held in as natural a environment as possible, but if it rains or it rains during a competition, the competition must be interrupted or canceled.

Therefore, all-weather stadiums have recently been proposed, and for example, air membrane structures are attracting attention.

However, the air membrane structure has the following problems.

In other words, in an air membrane structure, the roof is made of a membrane material made of synthetic resin, etc., and pressurized air that is slightly higher than atmospheric pressure is sealed inside. In order to prevent leakage, the entrance/exit structure becomes complicated.

In addition, not only does lighting and ventilation inside the stadium become difficult, but the original taste of competitions being held or watched in a natural environment is lost.

Furthermore, in addition to the opening/closing structure of the roof as described above, in event venues, a roof with a special shape is desired to attract the attention of visitors, making it more difficult to employ the opening/closing structure.

This invention was made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems.The roof is partially opened and closed depending on the weather, allowing natural lighting and ventilation during sunny days, allowing athletics to be held in a natural environment. To provide a retractable roof for a large-space structure, which can hold events and events even in rainy weather, and which can be easily opened and closed.

<<Means for solving the problems>> In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an outer wall 1
In a roof structure that covers the upper part of a large space structure surrounded by 0 and has a rectangular planar outline, the central part 0 ₁ , 0 ₂ , 0 ₃ , which forms the four sides of the quadrangular structure, 0 ₄ is high and both end sides are formed low so that the four outer walls 10 are formed in the shape of an elevation mountain, and the central portions of these outer walls 10 are 0 ₁ , 0 ₂ , 0
_3,04 to the shape center ₀₀ of _the above-mentioned structure having a _rectangular planar outline. Both ends of the beam material 14 and the outer wall 10 are spanned from the corner portions adjacent to each other toward the shape center 0 ₀ of the structure, diagonally in the direction of diagonals B ₁ and B ₂ and tilted upward, and Four second beam members 14 are assembled at the shape center 0 ₀ together with the first beam members 14 and are joined to each other;
A fixed roof 18 is constructed above the second beam 14 and the outer wall 10, and the fixed roof 18 has a planar outline formed concentrically with the shape center ₀₀ of the structure. It has a rectangular opening 16 similar to the planar outline of the structure, and a triangular planar outline formed by dividing the quadrangular outline of the opening 16 into four along diagonals B ₁ and B ₂ . Four movable roofs 20 are arranged so as to be movable forward and backward from above the fixed roof 18 to the opening 16, and the four sides of the first beam 14 and the opening 20 are connected to the fixed roof 18. It is characterized by comprising guide rails 22 and 24 for guiding the movement of the movable roof 20, which are provided parallel to the first beam 14 on the fixed roof 18 at an extension line position extending to the side. shall be.

<<Operation>> The triangular movable roof 20 is connected to the guide rail 2
2 and 24 and moved toward the opening 16 so as to approach each other to close the opening 16, while being moved away from each other toward the fixed roof 18 side to open the opening 16.

In particular, in the present invention, the four sides of a quadrangular structure are formed such that the center portions 0 ₁ , 0 ₂ , 0 ₃ , 0 ₄ are high and both end portions are low, forming an elevational mountain shape. The four outer walls 10, and the central portions 0 ₁ , 0 ₂ , 0 ₃ , 0 ₄ of each of these outer walls 10 are extended upwardly toward the center 0 ₀ of the structure having a rectangular planar outline. , four first beam members 14 assembled at the shape center 0 ₀ and joined to each other, and the outer wall 1
The first beam member 1 is connected so that both ends of the beam member 1 are spanned from the adjacent corners to the shape center 0 ₀ of the structure in diagonal lines B ₁ and B ₂ and tilted upward.
4 and four second beam members 14 assembled at the shape center ₀₀ and joined to each other. A fixed roof 18 constructed above the second beam 14 and the outer wall 10 is formed on the fixed roof 18 at a position concentric with the shape center 0 ₀ of the structure, and its planar outline forms the planar outline of the structure. A rectangular opening 16 similar to the outline and the rectangular outer outline of the opening 16 are defined by its diagonals B ₁ and B ₂
Four movable roofs 20 having a triangular planar outline formed by dividing into four parts, and arranged so as to be movable forwards and backwards from above the fixed roof 18 to the opening 16; above the first beam 14; and fixed the four sides of the opening 20 on the roof 1
A movable roof 20 is provided parallel to the first beam 14 on the fixed roof 18 at the extension line position extending to the 8th side.
By using the guide rails 22 and 24 that guide the movement of the roof, it is possible to preferably introduce a retractable roof structure to such a specially shaped structure.

<<Example>> Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 3 show an embodiment of a retractable roof for a large space structure according to the present invention. This embodiment is basically a roof structure that covers the upper part of a large space structure that is surrounded by an outer wall 10 and has a rectangular planar outline. (midpoint of each side) 0 ₁ ,
0 ₂ , 0 ₃ , and 0 ₄ are high and both end sides are formed low, and four outer walls 10 are formed in the shape of an elevated mountain;
From the central portions 0 ₁ , 0 ₂ , 0 ₃ , 0 ₄ of each of these outer walls 10 to the shape center 0 ₀ of a structure having a rectangular planar outline
The four first wires are connected to each other at the center of the shape, ₀ .
_The beam material _{14 of} Four second beam members 1 are gathered together at the shape center 0 ₀ and joined to each other together with the beam members 14 of
4, these first and second beam members 14, and the outer wall 1
A fixed roof 18 is constructed above 0, and a rectangular shape whose planar outline is similar to the planar outline of the structure is formed on the fixed roof 18 at a position concentric with the shape center ₀₀ of the structure. Opening 16 and opening 1
The rectangular outline of 6 is 4 with its diagonals B ₁ and B ₂
Four movable roofs 20, which have triangular planar outlines formed by dividing and are arranged so as to be movable forward and backward from the fixed roof 18 to the opening 16, the first beam 14, and the opening. Fix the four sides of the section 20 to the roof 18
The first one is placed on the fixed roof 18 at the extension line position extending to the side.
The movable roof 20 is provided with guide rails 22 and 24 that are provided in parallel with the beam members 14 and guide the movement of the movable roof 20.

The structure shown in the figure is composed of an outer wall 10 that is erected on the ground to define the periphery of a large space and has a closed section with a substantially rectangular plane, and a roof 12 that covers the interior surrounded by the outer wall 10. The outer wall 10 is formed into a chevron shape with the center points 0 ₁ , 0 ₂ , 0 ₃ , and 0 ₄ of the rectangle projecting upward.

When the opening 16 is closed with the movable roof 20, the overall shape of the roof 12 is defined by an upward direction from the midpoints 0 ₁ , 0 ₂ , 0 ₃ , 0 ₄ of each side of the rectangle of the outer wall 10 toward the center 0 ₀ of the shape. Four ridge lines A ₁ , A ₂ , A ₃ ,
A ₄ is formed, and each of the ridge lines A ₁ to _{A 4} is inclined downward toward diagonal lines B ₁ and B ₂ of the rectangle.

The roof 12 includes a beam 14, a fixed roof 18, a movable roof 20, and a movement mechanism for the movable roof 20. The beam material 14 has a truss structure, and its shape center is 0.
₀ and extends outward along each ridge line A ₁ to _{A 4} and diagonal lines B ₁ and B ₂ . Above each ridge line A ₁ to _{A 4} and each diagonal line
One end of the beam material 14 on B ₁ and B ₂ is gathered together at the shape center 0 ₀ and fixed by welding, etc., while each ridge line
The other ends of the beams 14 on A ₁ to _{A 4} are fixed by welding or the like to the peaks of the chevrons that protrude above the outer wall 10 , and the other ends of the beams 14 on each diagonal line B ₁ and B ₂ are attached to the top of the outer wall 10 . It is fixed to each side pillar by welding, etc. The fixed roof 18 has an opening 16, which has a similar shape approximately half the length of the rectangle of the outer wall 10, and has a frame-shaped plane. This fixed roof 18 is constructed between the beams 14 that are spaced apart from each other, and is fixed by welding or the like to the top of each beam 14 and to the side of the chevron that projects upward from the outer wall 10. The movable roof 20 has the opening 16 diagonally B ₁ ,
It is a triangular plane divided into four parts by B ₂ , and the ridge line A ₁ ~
It is bent downward at position _A4 . This movable roof 20 includes a fixed roof 18 and a movable roof 20.
By means of a moving mechanism disposed on the beam member 14 and the beam member 14,
It is movable in the directions of the arrows shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, that is, in the directions of the ridge lines _A1 to _A4, respectively.
This moving mechanism is composed of a generally known mechanism such as a rack and pinion or a chain and geared guide rail 22, for example. This rack or guide rail 22 runs along the ridge lines A ₁ to _{A 4} and connects the fixed roof 1
8 and the beam material 14, and are fixed by welding or the like. Further, this pinion or gear is disposed on the back side of the bent portion of the movable roof 20 along the ridge lines A ₁ to A ₄ . Further, a guide rail 24 is provided on the fixed roof 18, and the guide rail 24 is parallel to the moving mechanism on the left and right sides of the moving mechanism on the ridge lines _A1 to _A4 , and extends along the opening 16. It is fixed by welding, etc. along the line extending outward from the four sides of. The movable roof 20 has both bottom wings supported by the guide rail 24 by guide wheels or the like.
4 in the direction of the arrow shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, that is, in the direction of the ridge lines A ₁ to _{A 4} .

Diagonal line B ₁ between each movable roof 20 and fixed roof 18,
B The angles of inclination in _{the two} directions are substantially the same, and the lengths are also set to be the same.

Furthermore, on the diagonal lines B ₁ and B ₂ , a valley gutter 26 is provided to collect rainwater over the beam members 14 and the fixed roof 18 .

Now, in the retractable roof constructed as described above, the pinions and gears of the guide rail 22 are rotationally driven by, for example, an electric motor, compressed air, etc., and each movable roof 20
When moving toward the shape center 0 ₀ , the opening 16
By closing the fixed roof 18 and the movable roof 20, a roof having a shape similar to that of a rectangular roof with the center 0 ₀ of the roof projecting upward is formed.

On the other hand, when each movable roof 20 is moved and positioned on the fixed roof 18, the opening 16 of the fixed roof 18 is opened.

In the above embodiment, by closing the opening 16 with the movable roof 20 even in the event of wind and rain, it is possible to hold competitions and events, and it is also possible to block direct sunlight in the summer. The opening 16 is opened during the mid-season or on sunny days to enable competitions under the sky. At night, lighting equipment is installed inside the roof to provide reflected light from the ceiling. The roof surface is not spherical but sloped, making it easy to collect and drain rainwater.

<<Effects of the Invention>> As explained above in the embodiments, in the retractable roof for a large space structure according to the present invention, the four sides of the rectangular structure are formed, and the central portions 0 ₁ , 0 ₂ , 0 ₃ , 0 ₄ is high and both ends are low, forming an elevational mountain shape, and each of these outer walls 10
The structures extend from the central parts 0 ₁ , 0 ₂ , 0 ₃ , 0 ₄ to the shape center 0 ₀ of the rectangular planar outline and are tilted upwards, and are gathered at the shape center 0 ₀ and joined to each other. The four first beam members 14 and the two ends of the outer wall 10 are inclined upward in the diagonal lines B ₁ and B ₂ from the corner portions adjacent to each other toward the shape center 0 ₀ of the structure. It can be constructed as a large space structure with a special shape, in which the framework is composed of four second beams 14, which are stretched together with the first beams 14 and assembled at the shape center 0 ₀ and joined to each other. In addition, in contrast to this, the first and second beam members 14
and a fixed roof 18 constructed above the outer wall 10
A rectangular opening 16 whose planar outline is similar to the planar outline of the structure is formed in the fixed roof 18 at a position concentric with the shape center 0 ₀ of the structure.
and the rectangular outline of the opening 16 is defined by its diagonal line.
Four movable roofs 20 having a triangular planar outline formed by dividing into four parts B ₁ and B ₂ and arranged so as to be movable forward and backward from above the fixed roof 18 to the opening 16
and a movable roof 20 provided parallel to the first beam 14 on the first beam 14 and on the fixed roof 18 at an extension line extending the four sides of the opening 20 toward the fixed roof 18. guide rail 22 for guiding movement;
24, it is possible to preferably introduce a retractable roof structure to such a specially shaped structure.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 3 show an embodiment of a retractable roof for large-space structures according to the present invention, with Figure 1 being an overall bird's-eye view, Figure 2 being a side view, and Figure 3 being a plan view. . 10...Outer wall, 14...First and second beam materials,
16... Opening, 18... Fixed roof, 20... Movable roof, 22, 24... Guide rail, 0 ₁ , 0
₂ , 0 ₃ , 0 ₄ ... central part of the outer wall, 0 ₀ ... center of shape of the structure, B ₁ , B ₂ ... diagonal line of the structure.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In a roof structure covering the upper part of a large space structure surrounded by an outer wall 10 and having a rectangular planar outline, the roof structure forms the four sides of the rectangular structure and has a central portion 0. ₁ , 0 ₂ , 0 ₃ , 0 ₄ are high and both end sides are formed low, and four outer walls 1 are formed in the shape of an elevation mountain.
0, and the central portions of each of these outer walls 10 0 ₁ , 0 ₂ , 0 ₃ , 0 _4
0 to the shape center of the above-mentioned structure having a rectangular planar outline.
4 that are assembled at the shape center 0 ₀ and joined to each other
The first beam 14 of the book and both ends of the outer wall 10 are tilted upward from the corner portions adjacent to each other in the direction of the shape center 0 ₀ of the structure and in the direction of the diagonal lines B ₁ and B ₂ . four second beams 14, which are spanned over each other, are assembled at the shape center ₀₀ together with the first beams 14, and are joined to each other; these first and second beams 14 and the outer wall; 1
a fixed roof 18 constructed above 0; and a fixed roof 18 formed on the fixed roof 18 at a position concentric with the shape center 0 ₀ of the structure, the planar outline of which is similar to the planar outline of the structure. It has a rectangular opening 16 and a triangular planar outline formed by dividing the rectangular outline of the opening 16 into four along diagonals B ₁ and B ₂ , and the opening 16 is opened from above the fixed roof 18 . Four movable roofs 20 are arranged to be movable forward and backward toward the portion 16, and the four movable roofs 20 are fixed on the first beam 14 and at an extension line extending the four sides of the opening 20 toward the fixed roof 18. A retractable roof for a large space structure, comprising: guide rails 22 and 24 provided on a roof 18 in parallel with the first beam 14 to guide movement of the movable roof 20.