JPH0560414A - Cold and hot air directly blowing type absorption space heater and cooler, and absorption type air conditioning system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To realize an economical air conditioning system that generates cold and hot air directly without using cold water and hot water as media. CONSTITUTION:The vapor of a coolant such as water, etc., is generated by regenerators 11, 12, and during room heating the air is heated by a evaporator 4 using the coolant vapor, and during room cooling the vapor of the coolant is condensed by a condenser 16 and then it is evaporated by the evaporator 4 to cool air. The hot air or cool air that is thus generated is led to a cool and hot air outlets 22a-22c. With this arrangement the water piping and air heat exchanger (fan coil unit, air handling unit, etc.) are not required and the system is simplified. And since absorption type is the heat source, there is no problem caused by fluorocarbon.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cold / hot air direct-blowing absorption cooling / heating machine capable of directly generating cold / hot air and an absorption type air conditioning system using the same as a heat source machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional absorption type air conditioning system,
An absorption chiller-heater is used as a heat source machine using an absorption refrigeration cycle, and the chilled-heated water generated from the absorption chiller-heater is guided to a fan coil unit in each room by a water pipe, where it exchanges heat with the air to generate cold-warm air. It was generated and was heating and cooling. Alternatively, cold / hot water generated from the absorption chiller / heater is guided to an air handling unit by a water pipe, and heat is exchanged with air there, and the cold / hot air generated is guided to an outlet in each room by an air duct to perform heating / cooling. In either case,
The heat source machine is an absorption cold / hot water machine that generates cold / hot water, and the evaporator as a component thereof has a function of exchanging heat between the refrigerant in the machine and the cold / hot water. These techniques are widely known and are described in, for example, "Small and Medium-sized Gas Air Conditioning System" issued by the Japan Refrigeration Association.

On the other hand, conventionally, as an individual distributed air conditioning system having an electric heat source unit, a system of blowing cold / hot air directly from the heat source unit to cool / heat each room is also adopted. Inevitably, CFC refrigerant had to be used.

[0004]

In the absorption type air conditioning system described above, a water pipe must be used as a part of the system, and attention must be paid to the implementation technique such as water leak, and at the same time other than the heat source unit. As equipment, fan coil,
A water-air heat exchanger such as an air handling unit was required, and the equipment was expensive. Further, in the latter individual distributed air conditioning system, since the CFC refrigerant is used for the electric heat source device, a problem of environmental pollution occurs.

An object of the present invention is to solve these problems and to use an inexpensive and safe absorption cooling / heating machine that does not use water pipes in an air conditioning system and does not use CFCs as a heat source machine. It is to provide the absorption type air conditioning system used.

[0006]

A hot-air direct-blowing absorption cooling / heating machine according to the present invention includes a regenerator for heating an absorbing solution to generate refrigerant vapor, and cooling the refrigerant vapor with cooling water during cooling operation. And a condenser for condensing and cooling the air by evaporating the refrigerant condensed by the condenser during the cooling operation, and an evaporator for warming the air by introducing the refrigerant vapor from the regenerator during the heating operation. And a absorber for absorbing the refrigerant after heat exchange with air in the evaporator into the concentrated absorption solution generated when the refrigerant vapor is generated in the regenerator, and transmitting the resulting diluted absorption solution to the regenerator. Have.

The air conditioning system of the present invention further includes a regenerator for heating the absorbing solution to generate a refrigerant vapor, a condenser for cooling and condensing the refrigerant vapor with cooling water during cooling operation, and a cooling air conditioner. During operation, the refrigerant condensed by the condenser is evaporated to cool the air, and during heating operation, an evaporator for introducing refrigerant vapor from the regenerator to warm the air and heat exchange with the air in the evaporator. A cool / hot air direct blow type absorption cooling / heating machine having an absorber for absorbing the diluted refrigerant by absorbing the latter refrigerant into the concentrated absorbing solution generated when refrigerant vapor is generated in the regenerator The cold air or the hot air generated by the absorption air conditioner is blown out to one or a plurality of air outlets through an air duct.

Further, in the air conditioning system of the present invention, a valve for switching the passage of the refrigerant, supplying / stopping the cooling water, and supplying / stopping the heat input to the regenerator, and a control for controlling each of the valves. Means for controlling the start / stop and the cooling / heating operation switching of the cold / hot air direct blow type absorption cooling / heating machine by inputting a control signal from the controller provided in each of the outlets to the control means. I was able to start from.

[0009]

According to the present invention, it is possible to directly cool and heat the air by water-air heat exchange in the absorption type cooling and heating machine itself.

Further, according to the present invention, by using the cold / hot air direct-blowing absorption cooling / heating machine as the heat source device, the cold / hot air generated directly from the heat source device can be conveyed to the indoor air outlet at the end by the air duct. Therefore, the water heat exchanger such as the water pipe, the fan coil, and the air handling unit becomes unnecessary. Further, in the above heat source device, water or the like can be used as the refrigerant, and it is not necessary to use CFC gas.

[00011]

EXAMPLES Examples of the air conditioning system of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the system of the present invention, which is a feature of the present invention.
0, an air system 200 that guides cold / hot air generated therefrom to the cold / hot air outlet, and a control system for performing these operations are shown.

The cold / hot air direct blow type absorption cooling / heating machine 100 is a novel apparatus provided in this embodiment, and its main constituent elements are an evaporator 1, an absorber 7, a high temperature regenerator 12, and a low temperature regenerator 11. Consists of Particularly new among them is the evaporator 1, which has a role as a device that enables the water-air heat exchange itself to be performed in addition to the evaporation function.
The water-air heat exchange will be described in detail later. The evaporator 1 and the absorber 7 are assumed to be close to each other or integrally formed, and in the figure, they are directly coupled to each other via a gas-liquid separator (separator) 5.

The operation of this embodiment will be described below. First, the operation of the cool / hot air direct-blowing absorption cooling / heating machine will be described. During the cooling operation, the electromagnetic valve 18 provided in the cold / hot air direct-blowing absorption cooling / heating machine 100 is open, and the electromagnetic valves 19 and 20 are closed. Heat transfer fins are processed outside the heat transfer tube 2 horizontally arranged in the evaporator 1, and a refrigerant distribution device 3 is provided inside the tube. Air flows from the bottom to the top of the heat transfer tube 2 by the blower fan 4 located at the bottom of the evaporator 1.
On the other hand, the refrigerant spraying device 3 in the pipe is supplied with the refrigerant liquid from the refrigerant tank 6A by the refrigerant pump 6 and is sprayed into the heat transfer pipe 2. As a result, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the air outside the tube, the refrigerant liquid inside the tube is partially vaporized, and the air outside the tube is cooled to become cold / hot air 4A (cold air in this case) and is used for cooling. .. The refrigerant vapor evaporated and vaporized in the pipe is
It flows into the absorber 7 through the gas-liquid separator (separator) 5, is absorbed by the concentrated solution sprayed from the solution spraying device 7B in the absorber 7, becomes a dilute solution, and accumulates in the lower part of the absorber 7. , Releases heat to the cooling water 7A. On the other hand, the remaining refrigerant liquid in the heat transfer tube 2 of the evaporator 1 is returned to the refrigerant tank 6A and is again supplied to the refrigerant distribution device 3 in the tube by the refrigerant pump 6. Here, the refrigerant is water, and an aqueous lithium bromide solution is used as the absorbing solution.

The solution that has become a dilute solution and has accumulated in the lower portion of the absorber 7 is sent by the solution pump 8 to the low temperature regenerator 11 and the high temperature regenerator 12 via the liquid-liquid heat exchangers 9 and 10. In the high temperature regenerator 12, the heat source 13 is supplied to the burner 15 via the control valve 14 and burned to heat and concentrate the solution, and the refrigerant vapor generated at that time is cooled by the low temperature regenerator 11.
The solution outside the tube is heated and concentrated. The refrigerant condensed in the tube of the low temperature regenerator 11 is the condenser 1
The refrigerant vapor that has flowed into the pipe 6 and is generated outside the pipe is condensed and liquefied by exchanging heat with the cooling water 7A in the condenser 16. These liquefied refrigerants flow into the evaporator 1 and return to the refrigerant tank 6A. On the other hand, the concentrated solution that has been heated and concentrated in the regenerators 11 and 12 is sent to the solution spraying device 7B by the solution pump 17 via the liquid-liquid heat exchangers 10 and 9 and sprayed in the absorber 7.

Next, the operation of the cold / hot air direct-blowing absorption cooling / heating machine 100 during the heating operation is as follows. At this time, the Aircraft 100
The solenoid valve 18 provided therein is closed, and the solenoid valves 19 and 20 are opened. Further, the cooling water 7A is not passed. The refrigerant vapor that has passed through the pipe of the low temperature regenerator 11 is directly sent to the evaporator 1 through the electromagnetic valve 19. Further, the refrigerant vapor generated outside the pipe is also sent to the evaporator 1 via the condenser 16. These high-temperature refrigerant vapors sent to the evaporator 1 exchange heat with the air passing outside the heat transfer tubes 2 in the evaporator, and the refrigerant vapors are condensed and liquefied and accumulated in the refrigerant tank 6A, and the air is warmed and cooled. It becomes wind 4A (warm air in this case) and is used for heating.
On the other hand, since the refrigerant accumulated in the refrigerant tank 6A is sent to the solution side by the refrigerant pump 6 via the electromagnetic valve 20,
The solution-side concentration is balanced.

As described above, the cool / hot air direct blow type absorption cooling / heating machine 10 is provided.
The cold / hot air 4A generated at 0 is sent to the air system 200 via the air duct 21 as an air transfer passage, and is blown out from the indoor-side cold / hot air outlets 22a to 22c dispersed in a plurality of units to cool / heat each room. .. Air flow rate adjusting devices 24a to 24c having air flow rate adjusting dampers 23a to 23c are provided in front of the outlets 22a to 22c. The room temperature signals detected by the room temperature sensors 25a to 25c provided in each room are fetched by the room controllers 26a to 26c in each room and compared with the set desired room temperature, and the air volume adjustment dampers 23a to 23c corresponding to the result are fetched. An opening / closing signal of 24c is sent to the air volume adjusting devices 24a to 24c, and the air volume is adjusted. For example, in the case of cooling operation, when the room temperature detected by the room temperature sensors 25a to 25c is lower than the desired room temperature, the air volume adjustment dampers 23a to 23c are operated to the closing side. In this way, the amount of air blown into each room is individually controlled, while the static pressure sensor 27 provided at the air outlet of the evaporator 1 and the air blowout are provided on the cold / hot air direct-blowing absorption cooling / heating machine 100 side. The temperature sensor 28 detects the blowing static pressure and the blowing air temperature, and controls them by the control panel 29.
And the rotation speed of the blower fan 4 is changed so that the static pressure is controlled to a set value. Further, the heat input to the high temperature regenerator 12 is controlled by opening and closing the control valve 14 of the heat source 13 so as to control the blowout temperature to a set value, and the cooling capacity of the absorption cold / hot air direct blow type absorption cooling / heating machine 100. Is being adjusted.

The switching between the cooling and heating operation of the cold / hot air direct blow type absorption cooling / heating machine 100 is performed by a signal from the indoor controllers 26a to 26c. When the control panel 29 receives the cooling / heating switching signal from the indoor controllers 26a to 26c and requests cooling, the electromagnetic valve 18 is opened and the electromagnetic valves 19 and 20 are closed. If heating is required, the solenoid valve 18 is closed and the solenoid valve 19,
20 is opened. Furthermore, the start / stop of the cold / hot air direct-blowing absorption cooling / heating machine 100 is also controlled by the indoor controllers 26a to 26c.
The signal from The control panel 29 receives signals from the indoor controllers 26a to 26c, and the indoor controller 26
If any one of a to 26c requests the activation of the cold / hot air direct-blowing absorption cooling / heating machine 100, the control panel 29 gives an activation command to the cooling / heating machine 100. On the other hand, if all of the indoor controllers 26a to 26c request the stop of the cold / hot air direct blow type absorption cooling / heating machine 100, the control panel 29 gives a stop command to the cooling / heating machine 100.

According to this embodiment, since the cold and hot air is blown directly from the heat source device, it is not necessary to install water pipes, but also an air handling unit or a fan coil unit for exchanging heat between the cold and hot water and the air. Is unnecessary, and the system can be constructed at low cost. In addition, no Freon refrigerant is used, and no environmental problems occur. Furthermore, since it is possible to switch the heating and cooling of the heat source unit from the indoor side and to start and stop it, it is also possible to deal with individual distributed air conditioning that is easy to use.

Next, various embodiments of the evaporator 1 in the cold / hot air direct-blowing absorption cooling / heating machine 100 will be described. 2 and 3
Is an embodiment of an evaporator which has a refrigerant spraying device inside a horizontally arranged heat transfer tube and generates cold and warm air by flowing air outside the tube. In both figures, only one heat transfer tube is shown. However, in reality, a plurality of these are collected and configured. First, in the embodiment of FIG. 2, the heat transfer tube 30 horizontally arranged in the evaporator has a heat generating fin 31 outside the tube, and a spraying device 32 for spraying the refrigerant liquid fed from the refrigerant pump is provided in the tube. It is provided. The spraying device 32 has two
A refrigerant outlet 33 of about 3 to 3 holes is provided, and the refrigerant liquid is jetted from the outlet 33 to wet the inner wall of the heat transfer tube 30. On the other hand, on the outside of the pipe, the air 34 flows from the bottom to the top by the blower fan. This air is cooled by the refrigerant liquid in the tube, and cold air is generated. The refrigerant evaporated in the pipe flows into the absorber 7 via the gas-liquid separator 5. The remaining refrigerant liquid flows into the refrigerant tank and is stored therein. According to the present embodiment, the inner wall of the heat transfer tube can be uniformly wetted with the refrigerant, and the sprayed refrigerant does not extremely scatter, so that mist up of the refrigerant liquid to the absorber 7 is reduced. The structure of the gas-liquid separator 5 can be simplified.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which a spray nozzle is used as a refrigerant spraying device in a pipe. A spray nozzle 37 provided with several tube openings of 2 to 3 holes is arranged at one end of the heat transfer tube 36, and the refrigerant sent from the refrigerant pump is distributed by the spray header 38 to the spray nozzles installed in each heat transfer tube. Radial heat transfer tubes 3 from the spray nozzle 37
Sprinkled in 6. The refrigerant liquid that has come out while wetting the inside of the heat transfer tube 36 is screened out by the baffle plate 39 and collects in the refrigerant tank. On the other hand, the evaporated refrigerant flows into the absorber 7 via the gas-liquid separator 5. According to this embodiment, the flow velocity of the refrigerant in the pipe can be increased, and the heat transfer efficiency can be improved. Further, since the spray nozzle 37 can use a completed component, the cost of the spraying device can be reduced.

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of an evaporator in which heat transfer tubes are arranged vertically. A heat transfer tube 42 is vertically arranged in the evaporator 41, and the refrigerant sprayed from an upper spraying device 43 flows down in the tube while forming a liquid film along the wall surface. On the other hand, a heat transfer fin 44 is provided outside the pipe, and air is blown by the blower fan 45 to exchange heat with the refrigerant in the pipe to generate hot air 4A, which is sent to the air duct 21. The refrigerant liquid flowing down in the pipe is stored in the lower refrigerant tank 47, and is sent to the spraying device 43 by the refrigerant pump 6. On the other hand, the refrigerant vapor generated in the pipe flows into the absorber 7 via the vapor duct 49 and is absorbed in the solution. According to this embodiment, since the refrigerant can be sprayed by natural flow, the spraying device can be simplified.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of an evaporator in which cold air is generated by causing air to flow through the horizontally arranged heat transfer tubes and by spraying a refrigerant outside the tubes. A heat transfer tube 52 is horizontally arranged in the evaporator 51, and air is blown by a blower fan 55 in the tube, so that a heat transfer fin 54 is provided outside the tube and a heat spreader 53 disperses refrigerant and heat. After replacement, cold / hot air 4A is generated. The sprayed and evaporated refrigerant flows into the absorber 7 via the vapor duct 59 and is absorbed in the solution. On the other hand, the remaining refrigerant liquid is stored in the refrigerant tank 57 and sent to the spraying device 43 by the refrigerant pump 6. According to this embodiment, the heat transfer area with the air can be increased, so that the heat exchange efficiency can be improved.

In the embodiment of the evaporator shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 above, the heat transfer fins are installed outside the heat transfer tube, but a spiral groove or the like is formed inside the tube. Work can be done to improve the heat transfer efficiency.

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of an evaporator which uses a heat pipe to generate cold and warm air. The evaporator of the present embodiment is divided into two parts, a refrigerant spray side 61a and an air flow side 61b, and a heat pipe 62 is installed across both parts. Both of these parts are completely partitioned by a partition 66, and the refrigerant distribution side 61a is held in vacuum. Heat pipe 62 on refrigerant distribution side 61a
The medium that has been dispersed in the heat pipe 62 by spraying the refrigerant from the spraying device 63 on one half is the air flow side 61b.
The heat pipe 62 moves to one half of the heat pipe 62 and exchanges heat with the air sent by the blower fan 65 to generate cold air. On the other hand, the medium evaporated in the heat pipe 62 moves to the refrigerant distribution side 61a. The refrigerant scattered on the outer surface of the heat pipe evaporates and flows into the absorber 7 via the gas-liquid separator 5 and is absorbed in the solution. The remaining refrigerant is sent to the spraying device 63 by the refrigerant pump 6. According to this embodiment, the air side and the refrigerant side can be easily separated, and the reliability of vacuum holding in the absorption chiller-heater improves.

Although the above embodiment is an example of a parallel flow type absorption heater, it can be applied to other types of absorption type devices such as a series flow type and a reverse flow type.
Here, the series flow type means absorber → high temperature regenerator →
It is a method of regenerating in the low-temperature regenerator → absorber path, and the reverse flow method is a method of generating in the absorber → low-temperature regenerator → high-temperature regenerator → absorber path. Further, it can be applied to an example of one regenerator in addition to the low temperature and high temperature regeneration examples.

[0026]

According to the present invention, since cold / hot air is blown directly from the heat source device, it is not necessary to install water pipes, but also an air handling unit or a fan coil for exchanging heat between cold / hot water and air. No unit is required, and there is an effect that it is possible to realize an inexpensive system that does not have a problem of harmful substances such as CFC. Further, since it is possible to switch the heating / cooling of the heat source device and start / stop it from the inside of the room, there is an effect that it is possible to deal with individual distributed air conditioning.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall view showing an embodiment of an absorption air conditioning system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of an evaporator used in a cold / hot air direct-blowing absorption cooling / heating machine.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an embodiment of an evaporator used in a cold / hot air direct-blowing absorption cooling / heating machine.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an embodiment of an evaporator used in a cold / hot air direct-blowing absorption cooling / heating machine.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an embodiment of an evaporator used in a cold / hot air direct-blowing absorption cooling / heating machine.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an embodiment of an evaporator used in a cold / hot air direct-blowing absorption cooling / heating machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Evaporator 2 Heat transfer pipe 3 Refrigerant spraying device 4 Blower fan 7 Absorber 11 Low temperature regenerator 12 High temperature regenerator 15 Burner 16 Condenser 18 Solenoid valve 19 Solenoid valve 20 Solenoid valve 22a-22c Indoor air outlet 26a-26c Controller 29 control panel

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Tomihisa Ouchi, 502 Jinritsucho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Prefecture Hiritsu Manufacturing Co., Ltd.Mechanical Research Institute (72) Akira Nishiguchi 502, Jinritsucho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Hiritsu Co., Ltd. Machinery Research Laboratory (72) Inventor Taiji Hisashima 502 Jinritsucho, Tsuchiura City, Ibaraki Prefecture Hiritsu Manufacturing Co., Ltd. In-house (72) Inventor Akira Makida 1 Izumicho Kanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Inside Hitachi Building Engineering Co., Ltd.

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A regenerator for heating the absorbing solution to generate refrigerant vapor, a condenser for cooling and condensing the refrigerant vapor with cooling water during cooling operation, and a condenser for cooling operation. An evaporator for evaporating the condensed refrigerant to cool the air and introducing the refrigerant vapor from the regenerator to heat the air during heating operation, and the refrigerant after heat exchange with the air in the evaporator regenerates the refrigerant. A cool / hot air direct-blowing absorption cooling / heating machine having an absorber for feeding the diluted absorption solution absorbed by the concentrated absorption solution generated when the refrigerant vapor is generated in the container to the regenerator. 2. The cold / hot air direct blow type absorption cooling / heating machine according to claim 1, wherein the evaporator and the absorber are provided close to each other. 3. The cold / hot air direct blow type absorption cooling / heating machine according to claim 1, wherein the evaporator and the absorber are integrally formed and are connected to each other through a separator. 4. The evaporator comprises a plurality of heat transfer tubes that are horizontally arranged and have heat generating fins in their respective external air passages, and a plurality of refrigerant blowers that are horizontally dispersed inside the heat transfer tubes. The cold / hot air direct blow type absorption cooling / heating machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising a refrigerant spraying device having an outlet and a blower fan for sending air to the outside of the heat transfer tube. 5. The evaporator comprises a plurality of heat transfer tubes that are horizontally arranged and have heat generating fins in their respective external air passages, and are attached to one end of the heat transfer tubes to disperse a refrigerant into the heat transfer tubes. 5. A cold / hot air direct blow type absorption cooling / heating machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising: a spray nozzle and a blower fan that sends air to the outside of the heat transfer tube. 6. The evaporator comprises a plurality of heat transfer tubes which are vertically arranged and each of which has a heat generating fin in an external air passage, and a refrigerant spraying device which sprays a refrigerant into the heat transfer tubes from above. 4. A cold / hot air direct blow type absorption cooling / heating machine according to claim 1, further comprising a blower fan for sending air to the outside of the heat transfer tube. 7. The evaporator comprises a plurality of heat transfer tubes which are horizontally arranged and have heat transfer fins in respective outer air passages, and a refrigerant distribution device for distributing a refrigerant to the outside of the heat transfer tubes.
The cold / hot air direct blow type absorption cooling / heating machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising: a blower fan that sends air into the heat transfer tube. 8. The evaporator comprises a refrigerant spraying section held in a vacuum state and an air flowing section horizontally adjacent to the refrigerant spraying section, each of which is provided with the refrigerant spraying section and the air flowing section. A plurality of heat pipes horizontally arranged across and having a medium inside, a refrigerant spraying device for spraying a refrigerant to a portion of the heat pipe in the refrigerant spraying part,
4. A cold / hot air direct blow type absorption cooling / heating machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising a blower fan for sending air to a portion of the heat pipe in the air flow section. 9. A regenerator for heating the absorbing solution to generate refrigerant vapor, a condenser for cooling and condensing the refrigerant vapor with cooling water during cooling operation, and a condenser for cooling operation. An evaporator for evaporating the condensed refrigerant to cool the air and introducing the refrigerant vapor from the regenerator to heat the air during heating operation, and the refrigerant after heat exchange with the air in the evaporator regenerates the refrigerant. Equipped with a cool / hot air direct blow type absorption cooling / heating machine having an absorption solution for absorbing and diluting the concentrated absorption solution generated when the refrigerant vapor is generated in the regenerator, and the absorption cooling / heating machine. An absorption type air conditioning system characterized in that the generated cool air or warm air is blown out to one or a plurality of air outlets through an air duct. 10. The cold / hot air direct-blowing absorption cooling / heating machine controls a valve for switching a refrigerant path, supplying / stopping cooling water, and supplying / stopping heat input to the regenerator, and controls each of the valves. And a control signal from a controller provided at each of the air outlets is input to the control means to start / stop and cool / heat operation of the cold / hot air direct-blowing absorption cooling / heating machine. 10. The absorption type air conditioning system according to claim 9, wherein switching is performed by the controller.