JPH0559841A - High damping device for earthquake restriction structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a high damping device which is compact size, has high damping performance and further is excellent in safety for realizing a passive type earthquake restriction structure. CONSTITUTION:A rod 12 which gets in and out from a cylinder 11 and the cylinder 11 serving as a cylinder type damper are respectively connected to the columnar beam frame of a structure and anti-earthquake elements located in the columnar beam frame. Pressure regulating valves 17a, 17b are disposed in a passage passing through a piston 12, whereby oil as a working medium directly flows into an oil pressure chamber 14a (or 14b) on the opposite side. The pressure regulating valves 17a, 17b give a designated damping coefficient to an earthquake up to 25kine level. Further, relief valves 27a, 27b are disposed in the piston 12. For an earthquake above 25kine level, the relief valves 27a, 27b are opened to decrease a damping coefficient not to cause any increase in load applied to a high damping device 10.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a high damping device for imparting a high damping property to a response of a structure to a vibration external force such as an earthquake and reducing the vibration.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The applicant has incorporated variable rigidity elements (seismic resistant elements) in the form of braces, walls, etc. in the column beam structure of a structure.
The rigidity of the structure is changed so that the rigidity of the variable rigidity element itself or the connection state between the frame body and the variable rigidity element is variable, and the characteristics are analyzed by a computer against external vibration forces such as earthquakes and winds so that they do not resonate. We have developed various types of active damping systems, variable rigidity structures, etc., which are designed to improve the safety of the structure by changing the vibrations (for example, JP-A-62-268479, JP-A-6-68479).
3-114770, JP-A-63-114771, etc.).

Further, various active vibration control systems have been proposed in consideration of the non-resonance and damping of a structure by using a hydraulic vibration control device having a variable damping coefficient. 2-209568-71).

Further, as a vibration control device which can be used in these active vibration control systems, for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 2-37992.
There is a cylinder lock device of No. 2 and a variable damping device for seismic control structure of Japanese Patent Application No. 2-42078. The basic principle of the cylinder lock device is to provide hydraulic chambers on both sides of both rod-shaped pistons in the cylinder body, and to close or flow the pressure oil in both hydraulic chambers by a switching valve to fix the pistons, or It is movable.

[0005]

By the way, in the conventional active type vibration control system, mainly the dominant period such as seismic motion and the natural period of the structure (usually the first natural period is often a problem) By paying attention to the relation of, the natural period of the structure is actively shifted with respect to the predominant period to avoid the resonance phenomenon and reduce the response amount.

However, particularly in the case of earthquake motion or the like, since it is an unsteady vibration, it is conceivable that the optimal control is not always performed, for example, when the prominent period is not clear or when there are a plurality of prominent periods.

Further, in the case of the active vibration control system, various sensors are used in addition to the control computer, so that various safety maintenance mechanisms are required in case of any abnormality, so that the control mechanism is complicated. Therefore, there may be a cost problem. In addition, there may be a case where it takes time to exert a sufficient effect due to a control delay.

The high damping device of the present invention enables passive vibration control without using a control system by a computer program or the like by using it in a structure, and is a compact device that can be installed in a column or beam frame. By properly installing the structure, it aims to give the structure a high damping function, reduce the shaking of the structure due to disturbances such as earthquakes and winds, and realize a comfortable living space.

[0009]

The high damping device of the present invention is a cylinder type damper device installed in a column beam frame of a structure, like the cylinder lock device described above.
For example, the cylinder body is connected to a frame beam, and the piston rod coming in and out of the cylinder body is connected to a seismic element such as a brace or an earthquake resistant wall. When a vibration external force such as an earthquake is applied to the structure, the high damping device gives a resistance force according to the damping coefficient against the relative displacement between the frame and the seismic resistant element.
Damps the vibration of structures.

The connection relationship between the cylinder body and the rod with respect to the frame or the seismic resistant element may be opposite to that described above, or may be installed between the seismic resistant elements in the frame to connect the seismic resistant elements together.

The high damping device of the present invention is a compact device aiming at a high damping coefficient such as a holding force of 100 t and a damping coefficient of 25 t / kine, and is suitable for earthquakes up to a predetermined level (for example, 25 kine level). The damping coefficient is kept constant, and the damping coefficient is reduced so that the load on the equipment is not increased for earthquakes that exceed it.

In order to realize such a condition, the high damping device of the present invention comprises the following components. Cylinder body fixed to the frame or seismic element of a structure Piston moving in the cylinder body Fixed in the frame or seismic element facing the frame or seismic element to which the cylinder body is fixed and which goes in and out from one end Piston rods Hydraulic chambers formed on both sides of the piston Plural flow passages penetrating the piston to communicate the two hydraulic chambers A pressure regulating valve and a relief valve provided in the flow passage (one of the hydraulic chambers). From the accumulator provided in a bypass that connects the hydraulic chambers to each other. A pair of check valves for flowing only oil from the accumulator to the respective hydraulic chambers. An orifice that is provided in the to eliminate the overcrowding of the hydraulic chamber.

By providing the pressure regulating valve and the relief valve in the passage formed in the piston, oil leakage to the outside of the cylinder is prevented, and the sealing property for obtaining a high damping property is secured.

The pressure regulating valve is a valve for defining the damping coefficient, and gives the apparatus a damping coefficient such as 25 t / kine.

Further, the relief valve has a function of releasing the pressure by opening the valve when a pressure higher than the designed pressure is applied.

By arranging the pressure regulating valve and the relief valve in this way, the damping effect with the increase of the load and the amplitude is exerted for the earthquake of a predetermined level, and the amplitude is increased for the earthquakes higher than that. The damping effect will be exhibited. As a result, the device can be released from the risk of destruction and the number of devices installed on each floor of the building can be regulated.

By using a poppet valve as the pressure regulating valve, a damping characteristic that does not depend on temperature is realized by making the fluid resistance a turbulent state.

The accumulator is mainly for preventing looseness due to air bubbles generated at the time of negative pressure and for expanding and contracting oil due to temperature change (including fire), thereby ensuring stability and safety. ..

The orifice provided in parallel with the check valve eliminates the pressure buildup in the hydraulic chamber during repeated relative displacement (vibration) of the cylinder body and the rod during an earthquake, etc. Is provided for the purpose of linearizing.

[0020]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows the basic structure of a high damping device 10 according to the present invention, in which a double rod type piston 12 is incorporated in a cylinder 11.

As conditions for ensuring high damping and high rigidity, first, a hydraulic chamber on the side opposite to the moving direction of the piston 12 (in the figure, the left hydraulic chamber is indicated by 14a and the right hydraulic chamber is indicated by 14b). Is not required to be a negative pressure. Therefore, pressure regulating valves 17a and 17b are provided in the flow path that penetrates the piston 12 so that the moving oil amount directly flows to the hydraulic chamber on the opposite side.

Further, in order to prevent the load acting on the high damping device 10 from increasing in case of an earthquake of a predetermined level (for example, 25 kine level) or more, relief valves 27a and 27b are provided in the flow passage which penetrates the piston 12 and designed. When the above pressure acts, the relief valves 27a and 27b open,
Relieve pressure.

FIG. 1B shows the pressure regulating valves 17a and 17b and the relief valves 27a and 27 in the cross section of the piston 12.
The example of arrangement of b is shown, and 8 which penetrates the piston 12 is shown.
Two flow paths are formed, and pressure regulating valves 17a and 17b and relief valves 27a and 27b in both directions are evenly arranged.

FIG. 2 schematically shows the high damping device 10 as a whole. However, in the case of FIG. 2, the piston rod protrudes from the cylinder 11 only in one direction, and the attaching portions 15 and 16 for connecting with the seismic element or the beam structure are provided on the opposite side of the protruding rod 12a and the cylinder 11.
Is provided.

Further, in the high damping device 10 of the present invention, it is necessary to compensate for the insufficient oil amount in consideration of the compression of the operating oil. Therefore, the accumulator 18 for replenishment is required, and the bypass 19 is checked. Valves 20a and 20b are provided. Further stopping causes the oil to return to its original state (expansion), so it is necessary to return the compensated oil to the accumulator 18, and orifices (throttles) 21a and 21b are provided in parallel with the check valves 20a and 20b.

FIG. 3 shows a specific embodiment of the high damping device 10 of the present invention, and FIG. 4 shows the details of the pressure regulating valve 17 portion thereof. In FIG. 3, the accumulator 18 portion is omitted.

The basic structure is as described above, and pressure regulating valves 17a and 17b are installed in the piston 12 for the purpose of preventing oil leakage to the outside and ensuring the sealing property for obtaining high damping. Although not shown in FIG. 3, the relief valves 27 a and 27 b described above are also installed in the piston 12.

Also, in this embodiment, the pressure regulating valves 17a, 1
As 7b, a conical poppet valve or the like is used, and the fluid resistance is set to a turbulent state to realize a damping characteristic that does not depend on temperature. As the poppet valve used for the pressure regulating valves 17a and 17b, in addition to the conical valve 17 shown in FIG. 4, the poppet valve shown in FIGS.
Proportional valve 1 having a predetermined slit 25 as shown in FIG.
It is also possible to use 7 '.

Besides, in order to improve durability and reliability,
A multi-stage metal seal is used as the piston seal 29a, and the fixed seal is also the metal seal 29b. In addition, regarding maintenance, fluororesin seal 2 is used for the rod part.
9c is provided in two stages, and the outer seal 29c can be replaced by a cartridge type. In this way, by increasing the sealing property and accuracy of each part, a high damping coefficient becomes possible.

For the mounting portion 15, a clevis that can freely rotate in three directions is used.

FIG. 6 shows an example of the relief valve 27, and reference numeral 28 in the figure is an opening pressure setting spring. The relief valve 27 has a structure in which when the earthquake exceeds a predetermined level and the pressure in the inflow portion on the entire surface of the valve reaches a pressure higher than the design pressure, the valve opens against the resistance of the spring 28 and releases the pressure.

FIG. 7 shows an example of the bypass 19 and the accumulator 18 attached to the side surface of the main body of the high damping device 10, and the hydraulic chamber 14a and the accumulator 18 are shown.
And a check valve 20a for blocking the flow of oil toward the hydraulic chamber 14a side, and a check valve for blocking the flow of oil toward the hydraulic chamber 14b side between the hydraulic chamber 14b and the accumulator 18. A valve 20b is provided. In addition, the check valves 20a and 20b are provided with orifices 21a and 2 penetrating the check valves 20a and 20b (they are arranged in parallel in a circuit diagram).
1b is provided to linearize the damping characteristic of the high damping device 10 and eliminate the pressure buildup in the hydraulic chambers 14a and 14b.

By using the piston type accumulator 18, the use of nitrogen gas can be avoided, and the internal oil amount can be easily monitored by attaching an oil amount monitoring device as shown in FIG. That is, with respect to the protrusion amount L = L ₀ ± ΔL of the oil amount monitoring rod 26, it is monitored that ΔL is less than or equal to the allowable fluctuation value due to temperature, leakage, and the like.

Next, as an application example of the high damping device 10 of the present invention, a method of designing a high damping structure for a building having a steel frame structure will be described.

FIG. 8 (a) conceptually shows a high-damping structure 1 using the high-damping device according to the present invention, which is different from the general structure 1'of FIG. 8 (b) in a column-beam structure. Is set to about half, and the brace 4 as a seismic resistant element and the high damping device 10 are locally installed to absorb the vibration energy of the building.

FIG. 9 shows one layer as a vibration model. In the figure, c is the damping coefficient of the device, k _F is the rigidity of the column-beam frame, and k _V is the rigidity of the brace.

The complex eigenvalue of the multi-story building is obtained by the above model, and the damping constant for each mode of the structure is calculated by the following equation (1). _{h i = -Re (λ i)} / | λ i | ... (1) However, λ _{i: i} following complex eigenvalues h _{i: i} following decay constant Re (λ _{i): i} real part of the following complex eigenvalues.

FIG. 10 shows the relationship between the damping constant of the frame obtained from the complex eigenvalue and the damping coefficient c (t / kine) of the high damping device of each layer for the 1st to 3rd modes. If the damping coefficient c of the high damping device is set in the range a in which the following damping constants h ₁ , h ₂ and h ₃ show 10 to 40%,
A sufficient response reduction effect can be obtained. For this range a,
It is suitable to be between the peak of the third-order damping constant h _{3 and} the peak of the first-order damping constant h ₁ . That is, the damping coefficient c ₃ that gives the maximum value of the damping constant h ₃ for the third-order mode and the damping coefficient c ₃ that gives the maximum value of the damping constant h ₁ for the first-order mode
₁ and the damping coefficient c of the high damping device may be set so that c ₃ ≦ c ≦ c ₁ .

If the damping coefficient c is smaller than c ₃ , the deformation of the frame becomes sharply large, and if it is larger than c ₁ , the vibration damping effect is not so different, but the required yield strength of the high damping device becomes large.

FIG. 11 shows the response reduction effect in the seismic response spectrum. Natural period T ₁ of general structure
On the other hand, if the beam structure is reduced to about half, the natural period is extended (T ₂ ) and the spectrum itself is reduced. At the same time, the damping effect increases from about 2% to 10 to 40%, which further lowers the response spectrum and slightly shortens the natural period (T ₃ ). At this time, the increase in deformation, which is usually a problem, can be suppressed by increasing the damping effect.

The above is the analysis performed by defining the damping coefficient c of the high damping device, but in the high damping device of the present invention, the allowable yield strength of the device is also taken into consideration. That is, the load acting on the device is approximately proportional to the velocity of the earthquake, and when the damping coefficient c is constant, the load acting on the device also increases according to the level of the earthquake. On the other hand, in the present invention, due to the action of the relief valve described above, the damping coefficient c is reduced for an earthquake of a predetermined level or more, and the load acting is kept within a constant value according to the allowable yield strength of the device. ing.

FIGS. 12 and 13 are graphs showing the characteristics of such a device. FIG. 12 shows F = cV [F is the load (tf) acting on the device, and c is the damping coefficient (t
/ Kine), V is the load-displacement relationship for a sine wave under the assumption of the seismic response velocity (kine)]. In the figure, δ ₂₅ is the displacement of the ₂₅ kine level seismic response, and δ ₅₀ is 50.
It is the displacement of kinematic seismic response. Further, FIG. 13 shows the load-velocity relationship, and it can be seen that the damping coefficient c decreases at the boundary of the velocity V ₂₅ of the ₂₅ kine level seismic response with an upper limit of 100 t for the load.

As an example, there are 24 stories and the height of the building is 9
8.1m, standard floor height 3.90m, standard floor area 126
It is assumed that the maximum velocity amplitude of input seismic motion is 50 kine level in a high-rise building with a steel frame structure of about 9 m ² . Four high damping devices are required for each layer, and when the allowable proof stress is very large, for example, 200 t, the damping coefficient c should be set to 25 t / kine. However, in the present invention, in order to allow the device to have a margin and to suppress the maximum load acting on the device to 100 t, the damping coefficient is set to 25 t / kine for the earthquake of 25 kine level, and for the earthquakes of more than that, The damping coefficient c is reduced by the action of the relief valve, the load on the device is not increased, and the damping effect with the increase of the amplitude is exhibited.

The high damping device may be provided on each floor, but it is also possible to improve the efficiency by providing only the floor corresponding to the node of each vibration mode.

FIG. 14 shows another embodiment of the high damping device.
This shows a seal plan that takes into consideration the measures against deterioration over time of the equipment. A metal piston seal 29a is used for the piston part, and an elastic core (coil spring) is built in the center for the fixed part, and this is covered with one or two layers of metal coating. It is maintenance-free by using it. The rod portion and the piston type accumulator portion are provided with fluororesin seals 29c in two steps, an inner side and an outer side, and the outer side seal 29c is a replaceable detail with the device attached.
As a result, it is sufficient to replace the outer seal 29c about once every 20 years with the device attached, and it is possible to secure a service life equivalent to that of a building.

[0046]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION With a simple mechanism of a hydraulic cylinder and a compact device, high damping performance is realized, and it is easy to apply it to a structure.

With the structure in which the pressure regulating valve and the relief valve are provided inside the piston, and by ensuring the sealing property, a device with high performance stability and reliability can be manufactured.

By using a poppet valve as the pressure regulating valve, it is possible to make a device with less performance fluctuation due to temperature change.

With the relief valve, the device can be released from the risk of destruction, and the number of devices to be installed on each floor of the building can be regulated to improve the yield. In addition, since the design load is not applied to the device, it is possible to save the labor of members around the mounting structure and the like, and it is possible to realize a compact housing including the device.

By applying the device of the present invention to a structure, a passive high damping structure can be realized and a high damping effect can be obtained. As a result, shaking due to disturbances such as earthquakes and winds can be significantly reduced, the structural safety of the building can be improved, and a comfortable living space can be provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 shows a basic structure of a high damping device of the present invention, (a) is a vertical sectional view and (b) is an AA sectional view thereof.

FIG. 2 is a model diagram showing an outline of the entire high damping device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the high attenuation device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing details of a pressure regulating valve portion.

FIG. 5 shows another example of the pressure regulating valve, (a) is a front view and (b) is a side view (partial cross section).

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a relief valve.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing an example of a structure of a bypass and accumulator portion.

FIG. 8A is an elevational view conceptually showing a high damping structure according to the present invention and FIG. 8B conceptually showing a general structure as a comparative example.

FIG. 9 is a vibration model diagram of one layer of the high damping structure.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between the damping constant of the frame obtained from the complex eigenvalue and the damping coefficient of the high damping device for the 1st to 3rd modes.

FIG. 11 is a graph showing a response reduction effect viewed from an earthquake response spectrum.

FIG. 12 is a graph showing the load-displacement relationship characteristics of the high damping device of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a graph showing the load-velocity relationship characteristics of the high damping device of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing an arrangement example of a seal in another embodiment of the high damping device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... High damping structure, 2 ... Column, 3 ... Beam, 4 ... Brace, 1
0 ... High damping device, 11 ... Cylinder, 12 ... Piston,
14 ... Hydraulic chamber, 15, 16 ... Mounting portion, 17 ... Pressure regulating valve, 1
8 ... Accumulator, 19 ... Bypass, 20 ... Check valve, 21 ... Orifice, 25 ... Slit, 27 ... Relief valve, 28 ... Spring, 29a ... Piston seal,
29b ... Metal seal, 29c ... Fluororesin seal

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Koji Ishii 2-1-1, Tobita, Chofu-shi, Tokyo Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. Technical Research Institute (72) Inventor Motoichi Takahashi 1-2-2 Motoakasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo 7 Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yoshinori Matsunaga 1-2-2 Moto-Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo 7 Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. (72) In-house Naoki Niwa 1-2-Chome, Moto Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo No. 7 Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takayuki Mizuno No. 19-1 Tobita, Chofu, Tokyo Metropolitan Government Technical Research Institute Kashima Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Kunio Furukawa 1-12-1, Asamizodai, Sagamihara City, Kanagawa Prefecture No. Kayaba Industry Co., Ltd. Sagami Factory

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A cylinder body connected to a frame or seismic element of a structure, a piston moving in the cylinder body, and a frame or seismic element fixed to the cylinder body, the cylinder body being fixed in and out from one end of the cylinder body. A piston rod connected to a frame or a seismic element facing each other, hydraulic chambers formed on both sides of the piston, a plurality of passages penetrating the piston to communicate the hydraulic chambers, and the hydraulic chambers. An accumulator provided in a bypass connecting the two, and a pair of check valves provided between each of the hydraulic chambers of the bypass and the accumulator, for preventing the outflow of oil from the hydraulic chamber; The bypass includes an orifice provided in parallel with each of the check valves, and one of the hydraulic chambers is provided in each of the plurality of passages penetrating the piston. A high damping device for a vibration control structure, in which pressure regulating valves and relief valves in each direction from one direction to the other are arranged in a distributed manner. 2. The high damping device for a vibration control structure according to claim 1, wherein the pressure regulating valve is a poppet valve for giving a predetermined damping coefficient. 3. The high damping device for a vibration control structure according to claim 1, wherein the relief valve is set to open with a hydraulic pressure of a predetermined value or more.