JPH0559371A - Method for pyrolyzing carbonaceous material utilizing radiation - Google Patents
Method for pyrolyzing carbonaceous material utilizing radiationInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0559371A JPH0559371A JP24405491A JP24405491A JPH0559371A JP H0559371 A JPH0559371 A JP H0559371A JP 24405491 A JP24405491 A JP 24405491A JP 24405491 A JP24405491 A JP 24405491A JP H0559371 A JPH0559371 A JP H0559371A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- coal
- rays
- gaseous
- carbonaceous substance
- carbonaceous
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Landscapes
- Coke Industry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は石炭利用技術の一つであ
り、石炭から得られる気体生成物をエネルギー源、ある
いはC1化学の原料として用いる。FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention is one of the technologies for utilizing coal, in which a gas product obtained from coal is used as an energy source or a raw material for C 1 chemistry.
【0002】また液体生成物は化学原料として用いる。
固体生成物は還元剤、炭素材などに用いる。このような
石炭利用技術において、より穏やかな条件で生成物の量
と質の制御を可能とするためのものである。Liquid products are also used as chemical raw materials.
The solid product is used as a reducing agent, a carbon material or the like. In such a coal utilization technology, it is possible to control the quantity and quality of the product under milder conditions.
【0003】[0003]
【従来の技術】従来の石炭熱分解法においては、石炭が
加熱されると、まず石炭中の低分子成分が揮発し、次に
高分子成分が分解あるいは重縮合して、水素を放出し
て、炭素だけの固体成分(チャー、コークス)になる。2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional coal pyrolysis method, when coal is heated, low molecular components in the coal are volatilized first, and then high molecular components are decomposed or polycondensed to release hydrogen. , It becomes a solid component of only carbon (char, coke).
【0004】このため従来法では、熱分解で得られる生
成物は、原料石炭の性質にその多くを依存する。さらに
熱分解条件によっても影響される。For this reason, in the conventional method, the products obtained by pyrolysis largely depend on the properties of the raw coal. It is also affected by the pyrolysis conditions.
【0005】すなわち (1)揮発成分の少ない石炭では固体生成物の量が多
く、液体・気体生成物の量が少なくなる。 (2)熱分解温度を高くすると気体生成物の量が多くな
る。 (3)加圧下で熱分解すると、還元性雰囲気下では気体
・液体生成物の量が多くなる。That is, (1) Coal having a small amount of volatile components has a large amount of solid products and a small amount of liquid / gas products. (2) Increasing the thermal decomposition temperature increases the amount of gas products. (3) When thermally decomposed under pressure, the amount of gas / liquid product increases in a reducing atmosphere.
【0006】このように液体生成物を多く得ようとして
も使用する石炭が決まっていると熱分解条件を変化させ
るしか方法はない。Even if a large amount of liquid product is obtained in this way, if the coal to be used is decided, the only method is to change the pyrolysis conditions.
【0007】しかし実際のプラントでは熱分解条件を変
化させ得る範囲はあまり広くない。このため需要に合わ
せた操業上の制御は困難な場合がある。However, in an actual plant, the range in which the pyrolysis conditions can be changed is not so wide. Therefore, it may be difficult to control the operation according to the demand.
【0008】[0008]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明はこのような従
来技術の現状に鑑み、石炭にベーター線またはガンマー
線を照射することにより、熱による石炭構造の分解だけ
でなく、放射線による石炭構造の分解も促進させ、低温
で、生成物の量と質の制御を可能にしようとするもので
ある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the current state of the art, the present invention not only decomposes the coal structure by heat but also irradiates the coal structure with radiation by irradiating the coal with beta rays or gamma rays. It also promotes decomposition and allows control of the quantity and quality of the product at low temperatures.
【0009】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、石炭の化学構
造がベーター線あるいはガンマー線で分解されることを
利用したものである。The present invention utilizes the fact that the chemical structure of coal is decomposed by beta rays or gamma rays.
【0010】すなわち、ベーター線あるいはガンマー線
が化学結合を切断する作用に着目し、従来、石炭が熱分
解を起こさない200℃近い低温で石炭を熱分解させる
ことが出来た。このことは、石炭以外の炭素質物質に対
しても適用できる。That is, paying attention to the action of beta-rays or gamma-rays to break the chemical bond, it has been possible to thermally decompose coal at a low temperature of about 200 ° C. at which coal does not thermally decompose. This also applies to carbonaceous materials other than coal.
【0011】すなわち、本発明は、常圧、減圧または高
圧下で、炭素質物質を熱分解して、ガス状炭化水素およ
び/または液状炭化水素を製造するに際し、該炭素質物
質にベーター線またはガンマー線を照射しながら、ガス
雰囲気下で、前記炭素質物質を熱分解するものである。That is, according to the present invention, when a carbonaceous substance is pyrolyzed under atmospheric pressure, reduced pressure or high pressure to produce a gaseous hydrocarbon and / or a liquid hydrocarbon, the carbonaceous substance is exposed to beta rays or The carbonaceous material is thermally decomposed in a gas atmosphere while irradiating with gamma rays.
【0012】ここで、熱分解対象となる炭素質物質とし
ては、石炭、コークス、チャー、ピッチ、コールター
ル、重質油及びアスファルトのうちいずれか1種または
2種以上の混合物を挙げる事が出来る。Here, examples of the carbonaceous material to be pyrolyzed include coal, coke, char, pitch, coal tar, heavy oil and asphalt, and any one kind or a mixture of two or more kinds. ..
【0013】また、熱分解のガス雰囲気としては、不活
性ガス、水素ガス、水蒸気及び炭素質物質の熱分解によ
る発生ガスのうちいずれか1種または2種以上の混合ガ
スを挙げる事が出来る。As the gas atmosphere for the thermal decomposition, there may be mentioned any one kind or a mixed gas of two or more kinds of gases generated by the thermal decomposition of inert gas, hydrogen gas, steam and carbonaceous material.
【0014】なお、必要に応じて炭素質物質に液化溶剤
(テトラリン、水添溶剤等)と触媒(硫化鉄、硫黄、N
i―Co―Mo系物質等)を添加して、熱分解を行なう
事も可能である。If necessary, a liquefied solvent (tetralin, hydrogenated solvent, etc.) and a catalyst (iron sulfide, sulfur, N
It is also possible to perform thermal decomposition by adding (i-Co-Mo-based material, etc.).
【0015】[0015]
【作用】以下、石炭の場合を例にとって説明する。[Operation] Hereinafter, the case of coal will be described as an example.
【0016】石炭から気体生成物を多く得るには、高温
(1000℃以上)、かつ高圧(50気圧以上)下で石
炭を充分分解させ、低分子化させる必要がある。In order to obtain a large amount of gas products from coal, it is necessary to sufficiently decompose the coal at a high temperature (1000 ° C. or higher) and a high pressure (50 atm or higher) to lower its molecular weight.
【0017】しかしベーター線またはガンマー線を照射
しながら石炭を熱分解することができれば、高温、高圧
下で熱分解させなくても充分ガス化できる。However, if coal can be pyrolyzed while being irradiated with beta rays or gamma rays, it can be sufficiently gasified without being pyrolyzed at high temperature and high pressure.
【0018】また石炭から液体生成物を多く得るには、
ベーター線またはガンマー線を石炭加熱時に照射すれ
ば、不対電子を持った化学種が多く生成する。To obtain a large amount of liquid product from coal,
Irradiation with beta rays or gamma rays during heating of coal produces a large number of species with unpaired electrons.
【0019】水素雰囲気下でこの操作を行えば、不対電
子を持った化学種が安定化し、液体生成物を多く得るこ
とができる。By carrying out this operation under a hydrogen atmosphere, the chemical species having unpaired electrons are stabilized and a large amount of liquid product can be obtained.
【0020】すなわち、石炭熱分解の生成物の量と質を
制御するには、熱分解の温度、ベーター線またはガ
ンマー線の線量、熱分解のガス雰囲気の3つを制御す
ることにより行うことができる。That is, in order to control the quantity and quality of the products of thermal decomposition of coal, it is necessary to control the temperature of thermal decomposition, the dose of beta rays or gamma rays, and the gas atmosphere of thermal decomposition. it can.
【0021】[0021]
【実施例】実験条件は次の通りである。用いた炭素質物
質は石炭で、第1表に示すような性状を有するワンドワ
ン炭である。Example The experimental conditions are as follows. The carbonaceous material used is coal, which is wand one coal having the properties shown in Table 1.
【0022】まず、この石炭を100メッシュ以下に粉
砕する。この石炭を60Coおよび90Srの放射線下で熱
分解する。First, this coal is crushed to 100 mesh or less. The coal is pyrolyzed under 60 Co and 90 Sr radiation.
【0023】放射線強度を一定にして、熱分解温度を変
化させた時の結果を第2表に示す。なお第2表には水
素、水蒸気雰囲気及び窒素雰囲気での結果も合わせて示
してある。Table 2 shows the results when the thermal decomposition temperature was changed while keeping the radiation intensity constant. Table 2 also shows the results in a hydrogen atmosphere, a steam atmosphere and a nitrogen atmosphere.
【0024】これより、本発明が従来法と比べて、熱分
解促進に有効であることがわかる。From this, it is understood that the present invention is more effective in promoting thermal decomposition than the conventional method.
【0025】以上、石炭の場合について例示したが、コ
ークス、チャー、ピッチ、コールタール、及び重質油、
アスファルトの熱分解促進に対しても同様に放射線が有
効であることがわかった。Although examples of coal have been described above, coke, char, pitch, coal tar, and heavy oil,
Radiation was also found to be effective in promoting the thermal decomposition of asphalt.
【0026】すなわちこれらの炭素質物質についても、
温度700℃の水素ガス雰囲気下で、ガンマー線を石炭
の場合と同量だけ照射しながら熱分解を行ったところ、
いずれの場合も固体生成物の量が10〜80%の範囲内
で減少し、その分だけ液体生成物及び気体生成物の量が
増加するのが認められた。That is, regarding these carbonaceous substances,
When pyrolysis was carried out in a hydrogen gas atmosphere at a temperature of 700 ° C. while irradiating the same amount of gamma rays as that of coal,
In each case, it was observed that the amount of solid product decreased within the range of 10 to 80%, and the amount of liquid product and gas product increased correspondingly.
【0027】また石炭液化について、450℃、170
気圧の水素雰囲気下で、硫化鉄+硫黄の触媒を使って、
55%の液状炭化水素を得たが、放射線を照射すること
により、450℃、10気圧の水素雰囲気下で同上の触
媒を用いて、70〜75%の液状炭化水素を得ることが
認められた。Regarding coal liquefaction, 450 ° C., 170
In a hydrogen atmosphere at atmospheric pressure, using iron sulfide + sulfur catalyst,
Although 55% of liquid hydrocarbon was obtained, it was confirmed that 70 to 75% of liquid hydrocarbon was obtained by irradiating with radiation under the hydrogen atmosphere at 450 ° C. and 10 atm by using the same catalyst. ..
【0028】[0028]
【表1】 [Table 1]
【0029】[0029]
【表2】 [Table 2]
【0030】[0030]
【発明の効果】本発明により、石炭を初めとする各種の
炭素質物質の熱分解反応の促進を図ることが可能とな
り、石炭ガス化、液化、熱分解等の工業プロセスにおけ
る反応の高効率化に極めて有用な技術である。Industrial Applicability According to the present invention, it is possible to promote the thermal decomposition reaction of various carbonaceous substances including coal, and to improve the efficiency of the reaction in industrial processes such as coal gasification, liquefaction and thermal decomposition. It is a very useful technology for
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.5 識別記号 庁内整理番号 FI 技術表示箇所 C10J 3/72 Z 7306−4H ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 5 Identification code Office reference number FI technical display location C10J 3/72 Z 7306-4H
Claims (1)
を熱分解して、ガス状炭化水素および/または液状炭化
水素を製造するに際し、該炭素質物質にベーター線また
はガンマー線を照射しながら、ガス雰囲気下で、前記炭
素質物質を熱分解することを特徴とする放射線を利用し
た炭素質物質の熱分解方法。1. When a carbonaceous substance is pyrolyzed under atmospheric pressure, reduced pressure or high pressure to produce a gaseous hydrocarbon and / or a liquid hydrocarbon, the carbonaceous substance is irradiated with beta rays or gamma rays. However, the carbonaceous material is thermally decomposed in a gas atmosphere, and a method for thermally decomposing a carbonaceous material using radiation.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP24405491A JPH0559371A (en) | 1991-08-30 | 1991-08-30 | Method for pyrolyzing carbonaceous material utilizing radiation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP24405491A JPH0559371A (en) | 1991-08-30 | 1991-08-30 | Method for pyrolyzing carbonaceous material utilizing radiation |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH0559371A true JPH0559371A (en) | 1993-03-09 |
Family
ID=17113047
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP24405491A Withdrawn JPH0559371A (en) | 1991-08-30 | 1991-08-30 | Method for pyrolyzing carbonaceous material utilizing radiation |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH0559371A (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2503065A (en) * | 2013-02-20 | 2013-12-18 | Recycling Technologies Ltd | Process and apparatus for treating waste comprising mixed plastic waste |
JP2015038212A (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2015-02-26 | キシレコ インコーポレイテッド | Method for working material |
KR20150073263A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2015-07-01 | 주식회사 포스코 | Method for preparing pitch for carbon material |
KR20160129182A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2016-11-09 | 충남대학교산학협력단 | Manufacturing method of pitch-based fibers using radiation |
KR20180082204A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2018-07-18 | 인하대학교 산학협력단 | Manufacturing isotropic pitches using radiation pretreatment on petroleum residue oil |
-
1991
- 1991-08-30 JP JP24405491A patent/JPH0559371A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2015038212A (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2015-02-26 | キシレコ インコーポレイテッド | Method for working material |
GB2503065A (en) * | 2013-02-20 | 2013-12-18 | Recycling Technologies Ltd | Process and apparatus for treating waste comprising mixed plastic waste |
GB2503065B (en) * | 2013-02-20 | 2014-11-05 | Recycling Technologies Ltd | Process and apparatus for treating waste comprising mixed plastic waste |
US10093860B2 (en) | 2013-02-20 | 2018-10-09 | Recycling Technologies Ltd | Process and apparatus for treating waste comprising mixed plastic waste |
US10717934B2 (en) | 2013-02-20 | 2020-07-21 | Recycling Technologies Ltd. | Apparatus for treating waste comprising mixed plastic waste |
US10760003B2 (en) | 2013-02-20 | 2020-09-01 | Recycling Technologies Ltd | Process and apparatus for treating waste comprising mixed plastic waste |
KR20150073263A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2015-07-01 | 주식회사 포스코 | Method for preparing pitch for carbon material |
KR20160129182A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2016-11-09 | 충남대학교산학협력단 | Manufacturing method of pitch-based fibers using radiation |
KR20180082204A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2018-07-18 | 인하대학교 산학협력단 | Manufacturing isotropic pitches using radiation pretreatment on petroleum residue oil |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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A300 | Withdrawal of application because of no request for examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A300 Effective date: 19981112 |