JPH0557629A - Bolt/nut fastening device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a bolt/nut fastening device with which a bolt/nut fastening work can be performed simply and efficiently while reducing a burden for an operator. CONSTITUTION:This bolt/nut fastening device is provided with a drive part 10 engaging with a bolt head part or a nut so as to apply turning motion to the bolt or the nut, and a detent part 20 having a d detent head 22 engaging with the nut or the bolt head part while both parts being integratedly fitted thereto. The detect head 22 is movably provided toward the drive part 10, an energization means 28 to elastically energize the detent head 22 in the direction receding from the drive part 10 is provided, and further an operation control part consisting of a control wire 36 and the like to move the detent head 22 in the direction approaching to the drive part 10 is provided.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bolt and nut fastening device, and more particularly, in a fastening structure using bolts and nuts used for assembling various mechanical devices and building structures, the bolts and nuts are screwed together and fastened. The present invention relates to a bolt and nut fastening device used for work.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Bolt and nut fastening structures are used in various technical fields such as machinery, construction and the like. When tightening and fixing multiple members with bolts and nuts, a bolt insertion hole is formed through the member to be tightened and fixed, and after passing the bolt through this bolt insertion hole, screw the nut into the tip of the bolt, Tighten the member sandwiched between the nut and bolt head to secure. Specifically, a tool such as a spanner or an air wrench is fitted into the hexagonal head portion of the bolt, and the bolt head portion is rotated. At this time, if the nut rotates as the bolt rotates, the bolt cannot be screwed into the nut. Therefore, the bolt head must be rotated while the nut is prevented from rotating. Conventionally, a tool such as a spanner is fitted to a nut in addition to a tool for rotating the bolt head, and the bolt head is rotated while the nut is prevented from rotating with this tool. .. Needless to say, the bolt nut can be tightened in the same manner even if the nut is rotated to prevent the head of the bolt from rotating in the above work.

[0003]

However, in the above-described conventional bolt-nut fastening operation, the operator uses the nut rotation stopping tool with one hand and operates the rotating tool of the bolt head with the other hand. However, there is a problem that the work is very troublesome. In particular, in recent years, the rotation of the bolt is often performed by using an automatic tool such as an air wrench, but in this case, the weight of the tool is considerably heavier than that of a spanner which is a manual tool, and therefore the tool is operated with one hand. Has a problem that the operator is likely to hurt his / her hand and arm. Furthermore, in the case of the above-mentioned automatic tool, the turning torque is larger than that of a manual spanner, and when the bolt is completely tightened, the turning torque of the tool is the same as that of the hand holding the turning tool. Or, it will be transmitted to the hand that holds the nut in place, so the operator often injures his or her hand or arm.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, and to enable the bolt-nut fastening work to be carried out easily and efficiently by reducing the burden on the operator. To provide a nut fastening device.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A bolt and nut fastening device according to the present invention, which solves the above-mentioned problems, is a device for fastening a bolt and a nut. Alternatively, a drive unit that rotates the nut and a detent unit that includes a detent head that engages the head of the nut or the bolt are integrally attached,
The detent head is movably provided toward the drive unit, and includes a biasing unit that resiliently biases the detent head in a direction away from the drive unit,
It is provided with an actuation operation unit that moves the detent head in a direction approaching the drive unit.

In the present invention, a bolt and a nut are basically such that a member consisting of a screw shaft with a male thread and a head and a member with a screw hole with a female thread can be screwed into each other. As long as they are combined, those having any specific structure can be used. That is, not only general-purpose so-called bolt nuts having hexagonal heads but also those having the above-mentioned structure are collectively referred to as bolt nuts.

The male screw side, that is, the head shape of the bolt can be applied to a hexagonal head, a hexagonal head, a square head or a square hole, and a plus groove or a minus groove. As for the structure of the female screw side, that is, the nut, in addition to the one in which the screw hole is formed through the center of the hexagonal plate, a cap nut, a lock nut, etc. can be used. The drive unit includes an engaging head that fits or fits into the head of the bolt or the nut according to the structure of the head of the bolt or the nut, and the engaging head is an electric motor, a hydraulic / pneumatic motor, or other means. It is provided so as to be rotatable. The drive part is provided with a grip part for gripping or moving the entire drive part. As a concrete structure of the drive unit, a structure of a screw tightening tool such as a conventional air wrench or an electric spanner can be adopted.

The detent portion engages with the outer circumference or a part of the nut or the bolt in accordance with the shape structure of the nut or the head of the bolt which is paired with the bolt or the nut rotated by the drive unit, It has a detent head to prevent rotation. The detent head is provided so as to be movable with respect to the drive unit so as to be able to move toward and away from the drive unit along the axial direction of the bolt. In particular,
The detent head may be attached to the detent portion integrally mounted with the drive unit so as to be rotatable or slidable. The non-rotating head is mounted on the bolt head or nut with the engaging head of the drive unit attached, and with the nut completely screwed into the bolt from a position apart from the extension direction of the bolt end. It is movably provided to a position where the distance between the head and the nut corresponds to the distance between the detent head and the engaging head.

The detent head has the detent head as described above.
It is provided with a biasing means such as a coil spring that resiliently biases away from the drive unit. In addition, the rotation preventing head is provided with an operation operating unit that moves the head in a direction approaching the driving unit. Therefore, the detent head is normally
It is arranged at a position far from the drive unit, and the detent head is moved to approach the drive unit side by operating the actuation operation unit.

As the structure of the actuating section, various actuating mechanisms used in ordinary mechanical devices can be adopted. The actuation operation portion may be provided near the detent head or the bolt and nut to be fastened, but it is easier to perform the work if it is provided near the operator's hand. For example, connect the operation wire to the detent head, extend this operation wire to the operator's hand, and pull or loosen the operation wire with the lever or handle provided at the operator's hand to prevent the detent head. Should be activated.

[0011]

In order to perform the fastening with the bolt and nut, as described above, the bolt is inserted into the bolt insertion hole formed in the member to be fastened, and then the nut is screwed into the tip of the bolt. At this time, the bolt may be rotated to prevent the nut from rotating, or the nut may be rotated with the head of the bolt stopped. The following operation has been described for the case where the bolt side is rotated, but the same operation is achieved when the nut is rotated.

The engaging head of the drive unit is attached to the head of the bolt, and the actuation operation unit is actuated to bring the detent head of the detent unit closer to the bolt from the tip side to engage the nut. In this state, when the engagement head of the drive unit is rotated, the nut is stopped by the detent head, so that the bolt and the nut are securely screwed into the nut without idling.

Since the drive portion and the rotation stopping portion are integrally mounted, the operator only needs to hold the entire bolt nut fastening device with both hands, and the tool for rotating the bolt and the tool for stopping the rotation of the nut. It is not necessary to handle each with a separate hand. The reaction force that accompanies the turning torque of the bolt and the impact force that is applied when the bolt is completely screwed into the nut are absorbed as internal force that acts between the drive unit and the rotation stop unit inside the bolt nut fastening device. Therefore, a strong shock is not transmitted to the operator's hand.

If the operation of the actuating portion is released after the fastening of the bolt and nut is completed, the detent head will be automatically disengaged from the nut and separated from the bolt nut by the urging force of the urging means. There is no need for the operator to remove the detent head from the nuts one by one.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the overall structure of the bolt and nut fastening device. The drive unit 10 has a structure similar to that of a device called a conventional bolt fastening device or a screw tightening device, and has a hexagonal hole that can be fitted to the head of the bolt at the tip of the rotating shaft 14. A combining head 16 is provided. The drive unit 10 is provided with a grip portion 12 so that an operator can carry or move the drive unit 10 and the entire bolt-nut fastening device with the grip portion 12. An air hose 18 is connected to the drive unit 10 so that pressurized air is introduced, and the rotary shaft 14 is rotated by using this pressurized air as power.

A rotation stop portion 20 is integrally attached to the drive portion 10. That is, the rotating shaft 1 of the drive unit 10
The support member 26 is fixed immediately above 4 and the support member 2
6 has an L-shape as a whole, and its tip extends downward in parallel with the rotating shaft 14. A swing arm 24 is swingably attached to the lower end of the support member 26 with the swing shaft 23 as a fulcrum. As shown in FIG. 2, at the tip of the revolving arm 24, a concave detent head 22 corresponding to the outer shape of the nut is provided.
Is provided. The rotation stopping head 22 is arranged at a position facing the engagement head 16 on the extension line of the rotating shaft 14.

A coil spring 28 is mounted in the middle of the revolving arm 24 and between a horizontal portion of the supporting member 26 facing the revolving arm 24. The coil spring 28, due to its elastic biasing force,
The swivel arm 24 is swung downward further than the horizontal direction. The operation wire 3 is provided at the center of the coil spring 28.
6 is passed through, and one end of the operation wire 36 is connected and fixed to the swivel arm 24. The operation wire 36 penetrates the coil spring 28 and the support member 26 and extends upward.

FIG. 3 shows the entire bolt-nut fastening device as seen from the direction orthogonal to FIG. Drive unit 10
An extension arm 32 extending horizontally from the drive unit 10 is provided in a direction orthogonal to the grip portion 12. A wire operation lever 34 is provided at the tip of the extension arm 32. The other end of the operation wire 36 is connected to the wire operation lever 34, and the operation wire 36 is pulled or loosened by operating the wire operation lever 34 by gripping or loosening it. Such an extended arm 3
2, the wire operation lever 34 and the operation wire 36 constitute the operation operation section 30.

When the operator operates the wire operating lever 34 in the direction of gripping, the operating wire 36 is pulled, and the swivel arm 24 of the detent portion 20 connected to the tip of the operating wire 36 is pulled upward. Become. As a result, the detent head 22 becomes the engagement head 1 of the drive unit 10.
It will move in the direction of approaching 6. When the wire operation lever 34 is operated to loosen the operation wire 36, the detent head 22 is urged by the coil spring 28 to cause the engagement head 1 to move.
It will return in the direction away from 6.

A method of using the bolt nut fastening device as described above will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, two flange plates M are fastened with bolts B and nuts N. After inserting the bolt B into the flange plate M, and until the nut N is lightly screwed into the tip of the bolt B, the procedure is the same as the conventional work procedure. Next, the engagement head 16 of the drive unit 10 is fitted on the head of the bolt B. At this time, the entire bolt / nut fastening device may be moved by holding the grip portion 12. Since the detent head 22 is located away from the tip of the bolt B and the nut N, the detent head 22 does not interfere with the work of fitting the engagement head 16 into the head of the bolt B. .. Then, the actuation operation unit 30 is operated to rotate the revolving arm 24 upward, and the detent head 22 is fitted into the nut N. At this time, the grip portion 12 of the drive unit 10
By operating the actuation operation section 30 with the other hand while supporting the with one hand, the operation can be performed in a stable state.

When the engaging head 16 of the drive section 10 is rotated in this state, the bolt B rotates and
The nut N is in a state in which the detent head 22 is detented. Therefore, as the bolt B rotates, the bolt B is screwed into the nut N, and the two flange plates M are tightened and fixed. When the bolt B is completely screwed into the nut N, the rotation torque of the engagement head 16 that rotates the bolt B is transmitted to the nut N as it is, but the rotation torque applied to the nut N is prevented from rotating. It is transmitted from the head 22 to the bolt rotating portion 10 via the support member 26, and is absorbed in the bolt nut fastening device. Further, while the bolt B is being rotated, the reaction force caused by the rotation of the bolt B is
Since it is absorbed as an internal force between 0, the operator does not have to strongly hold the drive unit 10 or the rotation stop unit 20 so as not to rotate, and only needs to lightly support the entire bolt nut fastening device. Good.

When the fastening of the bolt B and the nut N is completed,
The rotation of the engagement head 16 of the drive unit 10 is stopped. After that, if the wire operating lever 34 of the operation operating section 30 is loosened, the detent head 22 separates downward from the nut N.

[0023]

As described above, according to the bolt / nut fastening device of the present invention, the drive portion is mounted with the head portion of the nut or the bolt being stopped by the rotation stopper portion integrally attached to the drive portion. Since the head of the bolt or the nut can be rotated by means of, the troublesome work of operating two spanners with both hands unlike the conventional case is unnecessary.

In particular, the detent head of the detent portion is usually located at a position distant from the bolt and nut, and is moved to a position where it can be engaged with the head of the bolt or the nut by operating the actuating portion. , When the operation of the actuating section is released, it automatically returns to the original position by the action of the biasing means, so the operation required to prevent rotation is only the operation of the actuating section, and the tightening position of the bolts and nuts. It is possible to operate even at the hands of a worker who is away from.

Further, the reaction force caused by the rotation of the bolt or the nut, the impact force applied when the screwing is completed, and the like are absorbed between the drive unit and the rotation preventing unit, which are integrally mounted, and are transmitted to the operator's hand. Since there is no problem, the problem that the worker injures his or her hand or arm is solved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a main portion of a rotation stopping portion.

FIG. 3 is a side view seen from a direction orthogonal to FIG.

FIG. 4 is a partially sectional front view of the use state.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Drive part 16 Engaging head 20 Detent part 22 Detent head 24 Revolving arm 26 Supporting member 28 Coil spring 30 Actuating part 32 Extension arm 34 Operating handle 36 Operating wire B Bolt N nut

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A device for fastening a bolt and a nut, the drive unit engaging a head or a nut of the bolt to rotate the bolt or the nut, and engaging the nut or the head of the bolt. A detent portion having a detent head is integrally mounted, the detent head is provided so as to be movable toward the drive unit, and the detent head is elastically attached in a direction away from the drive unit. A bolt-nut fastening device comprising: an urging means for urging; and an operating portion for moving the detent head in a direction approaching the drive portion.