JPH0555305B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

(Industrial Application Field) This invention relates to a lightweight wired plastic board that can be used as a roofing board, a substitute for plate glass, etc. It maintains translucency and has an excellent heat ray blocking effect, so it is typically used as a material. can be used in industrial fields related to building materials. (Prior Art) Plastic laminates have been used as translucent roofing and wall panels in the field of building materials. As a representative example,
Flat plates or corrugated plates embedded with reinforcing materials such as metal nets and glass fiber nets are known. For example, a corrugated sheet made of woven metal wires with a wire mesh interposed therein, or a laminated body integrated with a plastic sheet with a metal porous plate interposed therein, are available in Japanese Utility Model Publications No. 57-47162 and No. 55-140432. etc. are disclosed. These so-called wire mesh plastic plates (flat plates or corrugated plates) are mainly intended for reinforcement, but they have the following problems. (1) If used outdoors for many years, the metal mesh will rust and become less transparent, impairing its aesthetic appearance and lighting.
Strength also decreases. (2) Even though it is a metal mesh, it lacks luster and is less effective at reflecting solar heat and blocking heat. (3) Due to embedded metal, it is heavy and has poor work efficiency when installed in high places (e.g. roofs).
(4) Metal wires are exposed in the form of needles at the cut ends of continuous long products manufactured in factories, which can easily cause injuries to workers. Also commercially available are laminate flat plates or corrugated plates in which a lattice-like glass fiber network is sandwiched between two transparent or translucent thermoplastic hard plastic plates. This uses glass fibers to reinforce the strength of the plastic, and the lattice-like texture gives it an aesthetic appearance, but it does not provide any special functionality in terms of reflecting solar heat or blocking heat rays. Examples of such a laminate include Utility Model Application No. 53-149072 and Utility Model Application No. 57-171642. (Problem to be solved by the invention) The problem to be solved by the present invention is in the technical field of lightweight wired plastic plates that can be used for building materials such as roofing sheets, and which has the effect of blocking heat rays while maintaining visible light transparency. The aim is to realize an improved laminate. (Means for Solving the Problems) The present inventor has developed three layers: two transparent or translucent thermoplastic hard plastic plates and a glass fiber mesh intermediate layer with a metal thin film on the surface. By inventing a plastic laminate with an integrated layer structure, we have solved the problems of wire mesh reinforced plastic plates conventionally used in the field of building materials. A typical embodiment thereof is a corrugated rigid vinyl chloride building material with a thin aluminum film coated glass fiber mesh, which can be supplied in standard sizes (for example, 900 x 1800 mm). In this way, the product of the present invention is a hard laminate that can be handled as a plate with a thickness of about 1 mm, which is made by sandwiching a metal-coated glass fiber mesh between two extruded sheets of translucent hard thermoplastic resin and fusing them together. It's a normal shape. If the laminate of the present invention is plate-shaped as a whole,
It may be corrugated or flat. Laminates of corrugated plates are often used because they provide the necessary stiffness even at relatively small thicknesses. The metal thin film may be aluminum, which is commonly used. As the plastics, thermoplastics such as polyvinyl chloride resin, acrylic resin, polycarbonate resin, etc. are used. The product of the present invention needs to have enough rigidity to be called a "plate" in the ordinary sense of the word, so hard plastic is used as the material, and the thickness of the product is usually about 0.5 mm or more. Although the two plastic plates may be used in an appropriate combination of different types of plastic plates, it is preferable to use the same type of plastic plates in order to increase the density and strength. The thickness of the plastic veneer can be a thin plate around 0.4 mm or a thick plate around 1.6 mm.
The thickness of the two sheets may be different depending on the strength and other requirements. The present invention only needs to have a structure in which two plate layers and a mesh layer in between are integrated, and if necessary, another pair of mesh layers and a plate layer may be added, etc. It can also be implemented in a mode in which the following configuration is added. The glass fiber mesh used in the present invention includes not only so-called glass fibers but also inorganic fibers such as rock wool and heat-resistant synthetic fibers. In short, it is possible to use fibers that are lighter than metal mesh, do not rust, have heat resistance that does not break at the extrusion temperatures of plastics, and have weather resistance that can be used as building materials. The metal thin film provided on the surface of the fibers constituting the network can be formed by chemical plating, vacuum deposition, sputtering, or the like. Economically,
Although the vapor deposition method is advantageous, the chemical plating method is preferred from the viewpoint of its ability to thicken the film. The metal to be plated is usually aluminum, tin, etc., and aluminum is preferred. For example, 50 to 400 heat-resistant fibers having a metal thin film on the surface are converged to have a fiber diameter of about 0.3 to 0.8 mm (particularly 0.1 to 0.2 mm). The convergent fiber diameter can be appropriately determined depending on the shape of the net. The shape of the net-like body may be rhombic, square, rectangular, etc., but a lattice-like shape is preferable from the viewpoint of vertical and horizontal dimensional stability. The mesh can be formed by knitting with plain weave, twill weave, leno weave, etc.
After knitting, it is preferable that the net be treated with a binding agent (adhesive) in order to prevent deformation and improve adhesion in post-treatment. Suitable sizing agents include those containing polyurethane-based, epoxy-based, polyamide-based, polyvinyl chloride-based, etc. as a main component. The size of the mesh, that is, the interval between the fiber bundles, is usually about 1 to 8 mm, preferably 1.5 to 4 mm. When configuring a laminate using polyvinyl chloride resin plates, aluminum is particularly susceptible to deterioration due to moisture and tends to become dull or transparent. In order to improve the water resistance of aluminum, it is desirable to treat the metal layer with a water resistant adhesive (see Utility Model Application Publication No. 58-151036). Suitable adhesives include polyurethane, polyamide, and ethylene.
Those containing an adhesive such as a vinyl acetate copolymer system as a main component are preferred. As a treatment method, a known coating method can be used, and for example, dipping treatment using a solvent can be mentioned as a preferable method. The plastic laminate of the present invention is a plate-like product having enough rigidity to be used as a building material, for example, for outdoor terraces, balconies, carports, arcades, garages, etc., for wind and rain protection and lighting roofs. Suitable for lighting side walls, skylights, etc. The laminate of the present invention is produced between two transparent or translucent hard thermoplastic plates by a known bonding method such as wet lamination, dry lamination, extrusion lamination, or hot pressing. Sandwiching a glass fiber mesh with a thin metal film on the surface,
It is sufficient to stack the three layers and integrate them. The heating and pressurizing conditions are selected to ensure a sufficiently strong bonding and integration. A desirable method is extrusion lamination, in which the plastic extruded from the extruder in a plate shape is laminated on both sides of the glass fiber network while it is still soft, while it is moving in accordance with the extrusion speed. be. It is also possible to laminate a sheet of extruded plastic on one side of a stack of a glass fiber mesh and a plastic sheet. Further, in order to form the material into a wave shape, known techniques such as an embossing method and a forming method using forming rolls can be used. In the present invention, it is possible to use a plastic plate pre-mixed with an ultraviolet absorber, to impart weather resistance by applying or adhering an ultraviolet absorber to the surface, and to provide a surfactant layer on the surface of the laminate plate. It goes without saying that known performance improvement techniques such as creating a state in which condensation is less likely to occur can be applied. (Operations and Effects of the Invention) The laminate of the present invention reflects light rays by the metal thin film reflective layer on the surface of the net provided inside the laminate, and the transmission and absorption of the reflected light within the plastics. It is thought that the transmission effect from the laminate, the reverse radiation effect from the surface of the laminate, etc. are combined, and as a result, heat rays are largely blocked without significantly lowering the visible light transmittance as a whole. Although the product of the present invention has a large heat-blocking effect, it has almost the same lighting performance as conventional products, so it can be used as a material for lighting roofs and lighting side walls of outdoor terraces, balconies, carports, arcades, garages, etc. It can be widely used for roofing materials for simple greenhouses at beaches, farmhouses, corral boards for pigsty, etc. The exterior has a checkered pattern and is aesthetically pleasing. In particular, it does not rust during long-term use unlike conventional laminate boards with wire mesh, and problems such as decreased transparency, loss of aesthetics and lighting, and decreased strength are eliminated. In addition, it is lighter in weight than a wire mesh board and is easier to install. It also has a heat retention effect,
It can also be used to prevent heat radiation in heated houses, etc. The effects of using glass fiber as the intermediate layer of the laminate, such as reinforcement of plastic, lighter weight than wire mesh, and no quality deterioration due to rust, are naturally exhibited in the present invention. The glass fibers in the present invention are not in a separate state like non-woven fabrics, but are bundled to form a net, thereby ensuring a network through which visible light passes. The plastic plates sandwiching the middle layer are thick enough to be handled as building materials and are made of hard thermoplastic resin, making them convenient for making products in which the three layers are heat-fused together by extrusion molding. . Examples will be explained below. FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a plastic laminate of the present invention having a corrugated plate shape. One plate, which will be the outside of the laminate, has a thickness of 0.4 mm.
A transparent rigid polyvinyl chloride sheet (conventional extrusion molding method) is used. The mesh that forms the middle layer is made by converging glass fibers chemically plated with aluminum into warp threads of 0.8 mm and weft threads of 0.4 mm, with thread spacing of 3.9 mm in both length and width, and its thickness is 0.25 mm. To this, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (vinyl acetate 15
%) by a solution dipping method, and continuously supplied by layering it with the polyvinyl chloride thin plate. A transparent rigid polyvinyl chloride thin plate that had just been extruded to a thickness of 0.4 mm was laminated to the net-like body side of this material, and the layers were laminated to a thickness of about 0.8 mm to form an integrated structure. The die temperature was 210°C, and the temperature of the cooling roll used for lamination was 157°C.
The obtained flat plate laminate is made into a pitch of 32 using a corrugating machine.
mm, and the valley depth was 9 mm. Table 1 shows the results of measuring the heat shielding rate of this laminate corrugated plate using the apparatus shown in FIG. Here, the heat shielding rate is defined by the following formula. Temperature unit is °C Heat shielding rate E (%) = T _B - _{T C} / T _B - T _A × 100 T _A Measuring chamber temperature T _B Blank experiment equilibrium temperature T _C Equilibrium temperature when sample is attached The average light transmittance measured with a spectrophotometer from 420 nm to 820 nm is also shown in Table 1.

[Table] Table 1 shows the measured values of the product of the present invention and the conventional product of transparent rigid polyvinyl chloride corrugated sheet with glass net.
That is, the measured values for a product having the same shape as the product of the present invention but not subjected to metal thinning treatment are also shown. In the product of the present invention, the net portion is made opaque by the metal thin film, so if the dimensions shown in the example are simply calculated from the area ratio, the light transmittance is predicted to be 48%. However, the measured value was 61.3%, which is a good transmittance that is not much different from the case where a transparent glass fiber net is used. This can be understood to be due to the effect that the reflected light from the metal thin film contributes to lighting. Although the visible light transmittance is maintained in the 60% range, the heat shielding rate for long wavelength heat rays is 44%, which is more than 1.6 times that of conventional products, and it is surprising that it is extremely effective. . In addition, after reaching the equilibrium temperature, the heat source was shut off and the rate at which the temperature decreased due to heat radiation was measured.
It took 90 minutes for the product of the present invention to reach the original temperature, whereas it took 70 minutes for the conventional product to reach the original temperature. Further, when the polyvinyl chloride surface of the corrugated plate of the present invention was subjected to an accelerated weathering test (Sunshine carbon arc type weather meter) with the polyvinyl chloride surface facing a light beam, no change was observed even after 1000 hours. Also, width 25 from the above corrugated plate
A strip sample with a length of 10 cm and a length of 10 cm was cut out, a hole was punched in the center, and the sample was immersed in hot water at 60°C for 8 hours, then left to cool for 16 hours.
I subjected it to a water resistance test for several hours, but no abnormalities were observed.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a corrugated laminate showing an example of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of an apparatus used for measuring the heat shielding rate. Explanation of symbols, 1 and 2...Thermoplastic hard plastic plate, 3...Glass fiber network with a metal thin film provided on the surface.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. There is a layer of two transparent or translucent thermoplastic hard plastic plates, and an intermediate layer composed of a glass fiber mesh with a metal thin film on the surface,
Plastic laminate 2 characterized in that these three layers are integrated. Plastic laminate according to claim 1, characterized in that the plastic plate has a thickness of 0.4 to 1.6 mm. 3. The plastics laminate according to claim 1, which is a laminate for building materials. 4. The plastics laminate according to claim 1, wherein the laminate is a corrugated plate. laminate.