JPH0555262B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a machining part positioning mechanism, and more specifically, for example, when machining a wheel disc of an automobile, accurately positions the machining part of the wheel disc with respect to a tool, and The present invention relates to a machining part positioning mechanism configured to be able to suitably retreat from the machining part during machining work with a tool.

Generally, in the automobile industry, various parts constituting automobiles are mass-produced in factories using line production processes. For example, a wheel disk that constitutes a vehicle is cast and then processed to have a hole for attaching it to a drive shaft connected to an engine, a hole for attaching a tube valve, and the like. In this case, various jig devices are employed to position and fix the wheel disk, and an example of this type of jig device is shown in FIG.

That is, reference numeral 2 indicates a base that constitutes a jig device according to the prior art. A workpiece positioning rod 4 is erected in the center of the base 2, and clamp mechanisms 6a and 6b are provided on both sides of the rod 4. Arms 12a, 12b are attached to rods 10a, 10b extending from clamp cylinders 8a, 8b constituting the clamp mechanisms 6a, 6b.
One end of the arms 12a,
12b is swingably supported at substantially intermediate portions thereof via fulcrums 13a and 13b. Said arm 1
Pressing members 14a, 14b are provided at the other ends of 2a, 12b.
are fixed to the base 2, and on the other hand, pedestals 16a, 16a, 16a, 16a, 16a, 16a, 16a, 16a, 16a, 16a, 16a, 16a, 16a, 16a, 16a, 16a,
16b is provided. Further, a cylinder 21 constituting a hole positioning mechanism 20 is engaged with the rod 4, and a rod 22 extends from the cylinder 21.

The workpiece W is attached to the jig device constructed in this way.
(e.g. aluminum wheel disc) and fix it in place. A reference hole 24 is already formed in the center of the workpiece W, and a plurality of stepped hole portions 26, for example, four stepped holes 26, are cast to surround the reference hole 24. The stepped hole portion 26 is a bolt insertion hole portion for attaching the workpiece W to the drive shaft side, and in order to perform chamfering etc., each stepped hole portion 26 is provided with a first screw with a predetermined tool on both sides thereof. And a second processing is performed.

Therefore, the rod 4 is fitted into the reference hole 24, and the cylinder 21 is driven to fit the rod 22 into the stepped hole 26. This positions the workpiece W and the stepped hole 26. Next, the clamp cylinder 8 that constitutes the clamp mechanisms 6a and 6b
a, 8b are driven to displace the rods 10a, 10a upward in the figure, swing the arms 12a, 12b, and press the pressing members 14a, 14b and the pedestals 16a,
16b, one side outer peripheral portion 28 of the work W
Press and hold a.

After positioning and holding the workpiece W in the jig device in this way, the cylinder 21 constituting the hole positioning mechanism 20 is driven to displace the rod 22 downward, and the rod 22 is inserted through the first stepped hole 26. Remove Rod 22. Then, a first process is performed on the plurality of stepped holes 26 using the rotary tool 29 .

After performing the first processing on the workpiece W, the clamp mechanisms 6a and 6b are driven to press the pressing members 14a and 14.
The clamping action on the outer circumferential portion 28a by the pedestals 16a and 16b is released, and then the workpiece W is removed from the jig device and the workpiece W is reversed.
Position and fix to another jig device (not shown).
In this case, the other jig device is constructed similarly to the jig device shown in FIG.
The spacing between a and 6b, the shapes of the pressing members 14a and 14b and the pedestals 16a and 16b are selected in accordance with the outer peripheral portion 28b of the workpiece W on the other side.

Therefore, after fixing the workpiece W with the other jig inverted, the stepped hole portion 26 is subjected to a second machining from the opposite direction to the first machining using a rotary tool (not shown). The machining of the hole portion 26 is completed.

In this manner, in the conventional jig device, the workpiece is positioned and held in the jig device to perform the first machining, then the workpiece is reversed and positioned and held in another jig device, and then the workpiece is positioned and held in the second jig device. is being processed.
For this reason, a single workpiece must be attached to each jig twice, which makes the workpiece installation process complicated and has the disadvantage that it takes a considerable amount of time to process the workpiece. do.

Also, in order to invert and fix the work, the first
The parts to be clamped are different between the machining and the second machining, making it extremely difficult to perform the first and second machining coaxially and accurately.

Therefore, if it were possible to process the workpiece from multiple directions while the workpiece is equipped with a jig device, the above-mentioned disadvantages would be wiped out, but with the conventional jig device mentioned above, Unable to respond to requests. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the stepped hole 26 of the workpiece W must be accurately positioned with respect to the rotary tool 29, and for this purpose, the hole positioning mechanism 20 is provided.
Therefore, the rod 22 is inserted into the plurality of stepped holes 26.
At least one hole positioned through the hole cannot be machined from below in the figure. In the end, a jig device provided with such a hole positioning mechanism cannot be freed from the work of reversing the workpiece every time it is processed.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, and includes, for example, engaging with a machining part of a workpiece such as a wheel disk to position the machining part with respect to a rotary tool, and performing machining with the rotary tool. By configuring the rotary tool so that it is retracted from the axis when performing the work, the workpiece can be machined from both sides by simply positioning and fixing the workpiece once. It is an object of the present invention to provide a machining part positioning mechanism that can simplify the machining in a short time and achieve a more efficient machining process.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides: a positioning member that engages with a machining part of a workpiece and positions the machining part on the axis of a rotary tool; and a positioning member that engages the machining part with the machining part. and a moving means capable of preventing interference with the forward and backward movement of the rotary tool and capable of moving forward and backward to a retracted position separated from the axis of the rotary tool, the moving means having one end fixed to the apparatus main body. a fixed shaft having an inclined guide groove formed on its outer periphery and extending a predetermined length so as to rotate in the axial direction; The present invention is characterized by comprising: a holder member that is provided with an engaging guide pin and is fitted onto the fixed shaft; and a movable plate that is engaged with an actuator and displaces the holder member.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, preferred embodiments of the processing part positioning mechanism according to the present invention in relation to a jig device incorporating the mechanism will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 30 indicates a double-ended machine tool in which the jig device is installed. On the base 32 constituting the double-headed machine tool 30, there are conveyor stands 34a, 34 movable forward and backward, respectively, on both the left and right sides in the figure.
b is placed. A first tool device 36a and a second tool device 36a are mounted on the conveyor tables 34a and 34b, respectively, facing each other.
36b is provided.

Therefore, a jig device 40 is placed approximately in the center of the base 32.
will be placed. In this case, a jig stand 42 constituting the jig device 40 is mounted on a base 44, and the base 44 is attached to a shaft 4 fixed to the base 32.
It is rotatably supported with respect to 6.

In FIGS. 3 and 4, the jig stand 42 has a base portion 48 fixed to the base 44 via a plurality of bolts 47, and a base portion 48 that is perpendicular to one end of the base portion 48. The support section 50 is erected.
including. On both sides of the support part 50, first
The guide cylindrical portions 52a, 52b are formed to bulge in the horizontal direction, and second guide cylindrical portions 56a, 56b are formed above the cylindrical portions 52a, 52b. In this case, the cylindrical portions 56a, 56b bulge in the opposite direction to the respective cylindrical portions 52a, 52b (see FIG. 4). Further, a mounting base 58 is formed at the upper part of the support part 50 so as to bulge out in the same direction as the cylindrical parts 52a and 52b.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the mounting base 58
A hole 60 is formed in the center of the cylinder 60, oriented in the axial direction, and a cylinder chamber 62 having a large diameter communicates with the end of the hole 60 via a step. The cylinder chamber 62 is provided with a fluid supply port (not shown), and a hole having a larger diameter communicates with the end of the cylinder chamber 62 via a step (not shown). Furthermore, grooves 64a to 64d are formed in the mounting base 58 radially outward from the center of the hole 60, spaced apart at equal intervals, and extending along the axial direction (see FIG. 3). Support part 50
It is in communication with the outside from the back side. The mounting base 5
A plate 66 is fixed to the tip of the plate 8 via bolts (not shown), and a stepped hole 68 is formed in the center of the plate 66. Further, a workpiece abutting plate 7 is connected to this plate body 66 via a bolt (not shown).
0 is attached. Then, the stepped hole portion 6 of the plate body 66
A chuck mechanism 72 is disposed so as to fit into the chuck mechanism 8 .

A collector 74 constituting the chuck mechanism 72
A stepped portion 76 corresponding to the stepped hole portion 68 is formed in the collet 74, and a plurality of slits 78 are formed in the outer peripheral portion of the collet 74, oriented in the axial direction. Also,
An inclined surface 80 is provided on the inner circumference of one end of the collet 74 and is inclined radially inward.
Therefore, the sleeve member 82 is fitted into the collet 74. A piston portion 84 that fits into the cylinder chamber 62 of the mounting base 58 is formed at one end of the outer circumference of the sleeve member 82, and a cylindrical portion 85 having a small diameter is formed at one end of the piston portion 84 via a stepped portion. do. The cylindrical portion 85 fits into the hole 60, and has an inclined surface 86 corresponding to the inclined surface 80 of the collet 74 formed at one end thereof.

On the other hand, a cylinder member 89 constituting a clamp mechanism 88 is fitted into a hole (not shown) communicating with the cylinder chamber 62 . A cylinder chamber 90 is formed in the center of the cylinder member 89, and a mounting hole 92 communicates with one end of the cylinder chamber 90 through a small diameter hole. One end of a rod member 94 is fitted into the hole 92, and the rod member 94 is fixed to the cylinder member 89 via a bolt (not shown). The rod member 94 includes a cylindrical portion 96 that fits into the sleeve member 82, and a large diameter portion 98 formed at one end of the cylindrical portion 96. In this case, the diameter of the large diameter portion 98 is the same as that of the workpiece described later. It is selected to be smaller than the diameter of the reference hole. The rod member 94
A hole 100 is formed along the axial direction in the center of the hole 100, and the hole 100 has a larger diameter than the hole 1.
Connects with 02. Further, the large diameter portion 98 is cut out over a predetermined length along the axial direction, and grooves 104a and 104b are formed at positions eccentric and symmetrical with respect to the radial direction (see FIG. 5).

Therefore, the piston member 10 is attached to the cylinder member 89.
6 is placed. A first rod 108 extending from one end of the piston member 106 is connected to the rod member 94.
The plate-shaped portion 109 is formed by notching the outer circumference from both sides of the distal end thereof. An engaging pin 110 is fitted into a hole (not shown) of the plate-shaped portion 109, and the clamp arms 112a, 112b are engaged with this fitting pin 110 (see FIG. 5 and FIGS. 6a and 6b).

The clamp arms 112a and 112b are formed into a plate shape, and each approximately central portion is connected to a pin member 114.
a, 114b to the large diameter portion 9 of the rod member 94.
8 to be swingably supported. Further, pressing surface portions 116a and 116b are formed at one end of each of the clamp arms 112a and 112b, and the pressing surface portions 11
Semi-elliptic openings 118a, 118b are formed at the other ends corresponding to 6a, 116b. In this case, the openings 118a and 118b are
Therefore, when the piston member 106 is displaced in the directions of arrows A and B, the respective clamp arms 112a and 112b can swing using the pin members 114a and 114b as supports.

On the other hand, a pin member 122 is attached to the end of the second rod 120 extending from the other end of the piston member 106.
One end of the arm member 124 is engaged through the. The arm member 124 is swingably supported by the support section 50, and the other end is configured to be engageable with a limit switch 126 provided on the upper part of the support section 50.

Furthermore, the support portion 50 is provided with a hole positioning mechanism 128 according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, the fixed shaft 130 constituting the hole positioning mechanism 128 has one end fixed to the support section 50,
A guide groove 132 is provided on the outer periphery of the fixed shaft 130.
is formed. In this case, after the guide groove 132 extends a predetermined length in the axial direction of the fixed shaft 130,
In the figure, it curves counterclockwise. A positioning pin holder 134 is attached to this fixed shaft 130. The positioning pin holder 134 includes a cylindrical portion 136 into which the fixed shaft 130 is fitted, and a cylindrical portion 1
A mounting portion 138 bulges outward from the outer periphery of 36.
and a guide portion 140 provided on the upper side of the cylindrical portion 136. A groove 142 is formed at a predetermined angle at the outer peripheral tip of the cylindrical portion 136, and a disk 143 is engaged with the tip of the cylindrical portion 136. On the other hand, a positioning pin 144 is provided at the tip of the mounting portion 138. to fix. Furthermore, the guide section 140
A guide pin 146 is disposed therein, and this guide pin 146 fits into the guide groove 132 of the fixed shaft 130. A pair of guide plates 148a and 148b are formed on the upper rear end side of the guide part 140, and a support part 5 is formed between each guide plate 148a and 148b.
Key 150, which is fixed at 0, is present. The guide plates 148a, 148b and the key 150 constitute a rotation prevention means, and the rotation prevention means includes:
It has a function of blocking the rotational movement of the positioning pin holder 134 when the positioning pin 144 is fitted into a hole of a workpiece, which will be described later. Note that the key 150
A limit switch 152 is provided near the.

On the other hand, below the fixed shaft 130 is a cylinder 154.
A piston rod 156 extending from the cylinder 154 passes through a lid 158. One end of a guide bar 160 is fixed to the lid 158, and the guide bar 160 is fitted into a movable plate 162 that is engaged with the tip of the piston rod 156 to prevent the movable plate 162 from rotating.
A narrow locking portion 164 is formed at one end of the movable plate 162 to engage with the groove portion 142 of the cylindrical portion 136 .

The jig device incorporating the hole positioning mechanism according to the present invention is basically constructed as described above, and its operation and effects will be explained next.

Therefore, the operation of positioning and fixing the workpiece W (wheel disk) using the jig device 40 will be explained.

First, the workpiece W is grasped manually or by a robot hand, and the large diameter portion 98 of the rod member 94 is
The reference surface 172 of the work W is brought into contact with the work contact plate 70 by loosely fitting the reference hole 166 of the work W into the work W. Furthermore, the positioning pin 144 is fitted into one of the stepped holes 168a to 168d of the workpiece W. At that time, as shown in FIG.
Since the key 150 is inserted between the guide plates 148a and 148b provided in the workpiece 34, the positioning pin holder 134 does not rotate, and the workpiece positioning pin 144 fits suitably into the one hole.

Next, when fluid is supplied to the cylinder chamber 62 in the mounting base 58 from a passage (not shown), the sleeve member 82 is displaced in the direction of arrow A, and this sleeve member 8
The inclined surface 86 formed at the tip of the collet 7
The distal end of the collet 74 is pressed radially outward by engagement with the inclined surface 80 of the collet 74. Therefore, the diameter of the collet 74 increases through the slit 78, and the outer circumferential surface of the collet 74 presses the inner circumferential surface of the reference hole 166 of the workpiece W. As a result, the chuck mechanism 72 positions the workpiece W. will be held.

Therefore, the cylinder chamber 90 inside the cylinder member 89
When pressure fluid is introduced into the piston member 106, the piston member 106 is displaced in the direction of arrow A. Therefore, the first rod 10
Clamp arms 112a, 11 that engage with the engagement pin 110 of the plate-like portion 109 formed at the tip of the
2b rotates around the pin members 114a and 114b, and the pressing surface portions 116a and 116b press against the large diameter portion 9.
Exposed to the outside of 8. Furthermore, the piston member 10
6 in the direction of arrow A, the pressing surfaces 116a, 116 of the clamp arms 112a, 112b
b presses the workpiece W in the direction of arrow B, and as a result,
The work W is pressed and held by the contact plate 70 and the clamp arms 112a, 112b (sixth
(see figure a).

That is, the center portion of the work W is accurately positioned by the chuck mechanism 72 through the reference hole 166, and is firmly fixed to the mounting base 58 by the clamp mechanism 88. Further, the workpiece W is
The stepped hole portions 168a to 168d will be positioned.

In this way, after fixing the workpiece W to the jig device 40 and separating the positioning pins 144 from the workpiece W as described later, the first conveyance platform 34a is moved to move the first tool device 36a to the jig. Displace it to the device 40 side. In this case, the first tool device 36
The guide bars 174a, 174b of a fit into the guide cylindrical parts 56a, 56b of the jig device 40, and accurately guide the first rotary tool 175 provided in the first tool device 36a to the workpiece W. do. Then, while rotating the first rotary tool 175, for example, the first rotary tool 175 is inserted into the groove 64a of the support portion 50 to perform a predetermined processing on the stepped hole portion 168a of the workpiece W.

After completing the machining of the stepped hole portion 168a, the conveyance table 34a is displaced in the direction of arrow B to separate the first tool device 36a from the jig device 40. In this case, the first tool device 36a is equipped with a plurality of first rotary tools 175, such as gearing heads, corresponding to the stepped holes 168a to 168d.
Chamfering, rough machining, etc. are performed on the stepped hole portions 168a to 168d via the respective first rotary tools 175.

Next, the conveyance table 34b is moved in the direction of arrow B to displace the second tool device 36b toward the jig device 40 side. The second tool device 36b includes a guide bar 17.
6a, 176b are provided, and the respective guide bars 176a, 176b are fitted into the guide cylindrical portions 52a, 52b of the support portion 50 to accurately guide the second rotary tool 178 to the workpiece W. . Therefore, the second rotary tool 178 is rotated to perform finish cutting on the stepped hole portion 168a after the rough cutting. The second tool device 36b includes the first tool device 3
6a, a plurality of second rotary tools 178 are installed, and each of the second rotary tools 178 performs finishing cutting of the stepped holes 168a to 168d.

By the way, in this case, the stepped hole portion 16 of the work W
A positioning pin 144 is fitted into one of the holes 8a to 168d to position the stepped holes 168a to 168d, but the positioning pin 144 is removed from the first hole. This does not impede the machining of the respective stepped holes 168a to 168d. In other words, the workpiece W is mounted on the mounting base 5.
After positioning and fixing at 8, as shown in Fig. 7,
The piston rod 156 is driven by driving the cylinder 154.
When the guide bar 1 is displaced in the direction of the arrow, the movable plate 162 fixed to the piston rod 156 moves toward the guide bar 1.
60 and similarly displaced in the direction of the arrow. Therefore, the positioning pin holder 134
is pressed in the direction of the arrow, the positioning pin holder 134 is guided by the guide pin 146 and the guide groove 132, and is moved back from the work W by a predetermined distance, and the key 150 is moved away from the guide plates 148a, 14.
Leave from between 8b. When the positioning pin holder 134 is further pressed in the direction of the arrow, the guide pin 146 is deflected counterclockwise (direction of arrow C) along the bent guide groove 132, and therefore the positioning pin holder 134 rotates counterclockwise. .
Therefore, the mounting portion 138 is offset counterclockwise by a predetermined angle integrally with the positioning pin 144, and the mounting portion 138 and the positioning pin 144 can be viewed from any axis of the stepped hole portions 168a to 168d of the workpiece W. It will be a good idea to evacuate. As a result, the first
Furthermore, when the second tool devices 36a and 36b process the workpiece W, the hole positioning mechanism 128 is not prevented from performing its respective machining operation.

On the other hand, when positioning the stepped holes 168a to 168d of the workpiece W using the positioning pin 144,
The cylinder 154 is driven to displace the movable plate 162 in the direction opposite to the arrow. The locking portion 164 of the movable plate 162 engages within the groove portion 142 and presses the disk 143 in the direction opposite to the arrow. Therefore, after the positioning pin holder 134 is guided by the guide pin 146 and the guide groove 132 and rotates clockwise, it is displaced in the axial direction of the fixed shaft 130 and the positioning pin holder 134 is rotated clockwise.
4 fits into one of the stepped holes 168a to 168d of the workpiece W, and the key 150 enters between the guide plates 148a and 148b. Note that when positioning the positioning pin 144, for example, by fitting it into the stepped hole 168d to position the machining part of the workpiece W, other stepped holes 168a to 1
If the positioning pin 144 is fitted into the stepped hole 168d when machining the tube valve mounting hole 68c and not shown, the workpiece W will not rotate during the machining operation, resulting in suitable machining. The effect of this is obtained.

In this way, after finishing machining of the workpiece W, if fluid is introduced into the cylinder chamber 90 of the cylinder member 89 from the other passage (not shown), the piston member 106 is displaced in the direction of arrow B and the first rod The engagement pin 110 fixed to the tip of the pin 108 is similarly displaced in the direction of arrow B. Therefore, the clamp arms 112a, 112b are attached to the pin member 114.
It rotates about a and 114b as a fulcrum, and the respective pressing surfaces 116a and 116b are accommodated within the large diameter portion 98 of the rod member 94, and the clamping action on the workpiece W is released (see FIG. 6b).

Furthermore, when the piston portion 84 is displaced in the direction of arrow B via the pressure fluid supplied into the cylinder chamber 62, the inclined surface 86 formed at the tip of the sleeve member 82 is separated from the inclined surface 80 of the collet 74. As a result, the diameter of the collet 74 is reduced. Therefore, the reference hole 16 is formed by the outer peripheral surface of the collet 74.
The pressing action on the inner peripheral surface portion of 6 is released (see FIG. 6b). Therefore, after the workpiece W is gripped by a robot arm or the like and removed from the mounting base 58, a new workpiece W is positioned on the mounting base 58 according to the procedure described above.

As described above, according to the present invention, the positioning member is fitted into the processing area of the workpiece to position the processing area, and when the positioning member is removed from the processing area, the processing operation is not hindered. It is configured so that it can be conveniently retracted from the axis of the rotary tool. Therefore, the workpiece can be accurately attached to the jig device, and moreover, by simply fixing the workpiece once to the jig device, it becomes possible, for example, to process the workpiece from both sides. Therefore, an effect can be obtained in that efficient workpiece machining operations can be easily achieved.

Although the present invention has been described above with reference to preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and various improvements and changes in design can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. Of course.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a jig device according to the prior art, FIG. 2 is a side view schematically showing a double-headed machine tool equipped with a jig device incorporating a hole positioning mechanism according to the present invention, and FIG. The figure is a perspective view of a jig device incorporating the positioning mechanism according to the present invention, FIG. 4 is a partially omitted vertical sectional view of the jig device, FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view of the jig device, and FIG. 6 a and b are explanatory diagrams when clamping a workpiece with the jig device;
The figure is a partially sectional perspective view of a hole positioning mechanism according to the present invention. 40... Jig device, 42... Jig stand, 58...
Mounting base, 64a to 64d...Groove, 70...Work contact plate, 72...Chuck mechanism, 74
...Collection, 82...Sleeve member, 88...
Clamp mechanism, 94... Rod member, 98... Large diameter portion, 106... Piston member, 110... Engagement pin, 112a, 112b... Clamp arm,
128... Hole positioning mechanism, 130... Fixed shaft, 134... Positioning pin holder, 144...
Positioning pin.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A positioning member that engages with a machining part of a workpiece to position the machining part on the axis of a rotary tool; A moving means capable of preventing interference with advancing and retreating movement and capable of moving forward and backward to a retracted position separated from the axis of the rotary tool, the moving means having one end fixed to the device main body and an outer peripheral portion thereof. a fixed shaft on which is formed an inclined guide groove extending a predetermined length so as to rotate in the axial direction; and a guide pin that fixes the positioning member in parallel with the fixed shaft and engages with the guide groove. A processing site positioning mechanism, comprising: a holder member that is provided with a holder member that is externally fitted onto the fixed shaft; and a movable plate that is engaged with an actuator and displaces the holder member. 2. In the positioning mechanism according to claim 1, when the positioning pin constituting the positioning member is fitted into the processing area of the workpiece, a rotation preventing means for preventing rotation of the holder member to which the positioning pin is fixed. A processing part positioning mechanism characterized by comprising: