JPH0554080B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a timepiece having a function of simultaneously displaying the position and phase (state of waxing and waning) of the sun and the moon.

Since the speed of the moon's movement on the celestial sphere and its waxing and waning cycles are constantly changing, it is not possible to accurately display this using a constant-velocity gear train mechanism. It is sufficient to approximate the position and phase of the moon using a constant velocity gear train mechanism based on the average period of waxing and waning.

Figure 1 shows many conventional watches with a moon phase display function.
2 moon patterns 2a are provided below the dial 1 at 180° intervals, however, one is located at a 180° symmetrical position and is hidden behind the dial 2. and the average period of the moon's waxing and waning
The display board 2 is rotated once in 59 days, which is almost twice 29.530589 days, and the moon pattern 2 on the display board 2 is
The phase of the moon is displayed by the combination of a and the shape of the irregularly shaped hole 1a of the dial plate 1, and the display plate 2
The rotational speed of the moon is quite slow, so even with this approximate value, the cumulative error in the moon's phase was not noticeable and was sufficient to determine the approximate moon's phase.

However, in order to know the state of the moon in more detail, the function of knowing the moon's phase alone is not sufficient; it is also essential to have the function of displaying the moon's position. To know the position of the moon, even if you use a watch that only has the moon phase display function described above, you can find the approximate position of the moon from the time and the moon's phase.

In other words, the position is determined from the average sun position determined from the time of day and the proportion and direction of the moon's eclipse, but this method makes it difficult to judge immediately, and it is also necessary to read the proportion of the moon's eclipse with some degree of accuracy. Because of the heat, in reality, it was almost impossible to determine the position of the moon using the clock shown in Figure 1. For this reason, there was a high demand for a watch with a display function that could instantly determine the position of the moon. However, a gear train that displays the moon's position and phase at the same time is different from one that only displays the moon's phase because the average period of the moon's waxing and waning is not a well-defined number and a tooth number ratio with a high approximation accuracy is not used. Many issues remained to be resolved, such as the noticeable cumulative errors and the need for a structure that is easy to operate during the initial adjustment of the moon's position, phase, and time.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a gear train structure that has the function of simultaneously displaying the position and phase of the moon with small cumulative errors and is also easy to operate. The 24-hour time display function section includes a 12-hour time display function section for displaying solar time, a 24-hour time display function section that also displays average solar time, and a moon phase display function section that has a moon position wheel and a moon phase wheel. aligns the 12 o'clock scale, which is located at the midline where the average altitude of the sun is highest, with the 12 o'clock direction located at the top of the 12-hour time display function section, and the lunar age display function section is set at the midline, where the moon's altitude is the highest. Also located at 12 of the 12 hour time display function section.
It is characterized by being made to coincide with the hour direction, and in a further embodiment, the moon position wheel is equipped with a moon plate, the moon phase wheel is equipped with a shadow plate, and the shadow plate, It is characterized by the laminated arrangement of the lunar plates in this order.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a clock with a moon position and phase display added with the function of indicating the average sun position according to the present invention, where 3 is an hour hand that displays the time, 4 is a minute hand, 5 is a second hand, and 6 is a The angular range relative to the center of rotation is
This is a moon plate showing the moon position with a round hole 6a having a size of 60°, and numeral 7 indicates three moon plates 6 which are placed under the moon plate 6 and have a size that exactly overlaps with the round hole 6a. It is a shadow plate with circular patterns 7a of the same color placed at 120° intervals to display the phase of the moon, 8 is a dial plate, 9
is a needle-shaped sun plate that displays the position of the sun, and moon plate 6 and shadow plate 7 are hour hand 3 and minute hand 4, as will be explained in detail later.
and the second hand 5 can be adjusted independently.

Next, 10 is a reuse and idles at the normal position 10a, only the moon plate 6 and shadow plate 7 are corrected at the first pull position 10b, and the hour hand 3, minute hand 4, and sun plate 9 are simultaneously corrected at the second pull position 10c. Adjust the second hand 5. Also, the moon plate 6 and shadow plate 7 are also hour hand 3 and minute hand 4.
Along with the simultaneous correction operations of the sun plate 9, the rotation ratio is corrected at a predetermined rotation ratio. On the dial 8, there is a 12-hour scale 8a at a position corresponding to the hour hand 3, and upwards at a position corresponding to the sun plate 9, which corresponds to the position where the average solar altitude is highest, that is, the midline (also called the south center).
A 24-hour scale 8b is attached so that 12 o'clock and 24 o'clock (i.e. 0 o'clock) are at the bottom, and a setting mark 8c indicating south-center is placed above the position corresponding to the moon plate 6. It is attached. In addition, in order to engrave the hour angle scale, there is no problem even if the information on the time scale on the dial corresponds to the meridian, with the 0 o'clock or 24 o'clock scale at the top and the 12 o'clock scale at the bottom.

The rotation directions of the moon plate 6, shadow plate 7, and sun plate 9 are as follows:
To match the apparent movements of the moon and sun in the mid-latitudes of the northern hemisphere, all rotations are clockwise due to the gear train structure described in detail later.

In the above configuration, FIG. 2 shows a time display function section that displays hours, minutes, and seconds in the center of the dial 8 of the clock display section, and a sun plate 9 that indicates the position of the sun with respect to time below it. Above the time display function section, a moon phase display function section is arranged above the time display function section, which includes a moon plate 6 that shows the position of the moon relative to the time, and a shadow plate 7 that shows the phase of the moon. death,
It is designed so that the position of the sun and the position and phase of the moon at each time can be known at a glance.

Next, a wheel train structure for driving the timepiece shown in FIG. 2 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 3 to 6.

Figure 3 shows a sectional view of the gear train mechanism from the winding stem to the hour hand axis, Figure 4 is a sectional view of the gear train mechanism from the sun position display section to the moon phase display section, and Figure 5 shows these gear train groups. FIG. 6 is a plan view schematically showing the state of the lunar plate and the shadow plate.
In the figure, 11 is the fourth wheel to which the second hand 5 is attached, 12 is the center wheel to which the minute hand 4 is attached, and 13 is the hour wheel to which the hour hand 3 is attached. Reference numeral 14 denotes a hino wheel, which meshes with the minute pinion 12a of the center wheel 12 and the cylindrical gear 13a of the hour wheel 13;
It is composed of. Reference numeral 15 denotes a second day rear wheel of one of the intermediary cars, which is composed of a second day reverse gear 15a and a second day reverse pinion 15b.
The vertical gear is held by a back plate 18 which is loosely engaged with the second rear wheel pin 17 fixed to the second rear wheel pin 17, and the second rear gear 15a meshes with the hour wheel pinion 13b and the sun wheel 19, and the correction intermediary. A slip function portion 15c is provided between the correction intermediary gear 20a of the wheel 20 and the second date pinion 15b meshing with the second hour wheel 21, which slips under a load of a predetermined torque or more. 19 is the sun wheel, the upper part is lower than the main plate 16.
is loosely coupled to the back plate 18, and the vertical oyster is held by both via the dial washer 22. 23 is one of the adjustment wheels of the intermediary car, which includes the second hour wheel 21 and the moon phase wheel 24.
It is composed of an upper adjustment gear 23a that meshes with the moon position wheel 25, and a lower adjustment gear 23b that meshes with the month position wheel 25, and is loosely engaged with the adjustment wheel pin 26 fixed to the base plate 16, and the vertical oyster is held by the back plate 18.
Reference numeral 21 denotes a second hour wheel, which is loosely engaged with the hour wheel 13 and whose vertical oyster is held by a back plate 18 via a dial washer. The moon position wheel 25 is loosely coupled to a moon position wheel pin 27 fixed to the main plate 16, and the moon phase wheel 24 is loosely coupled to the moon position wheel 25. The vertical oyster is held by the back plate 18 together with the dial washer 28 for eliminating the influence of bumps. Also, the moon position wheel 25,
A moon plate 6, a shadow plate 7, and a sun plate 9 are attached to one end of the moon phase wheel 24 and the sun wheel 19 on the dial 8 side, respectively.

Next, the above-mentioned modified agency car 20 is the second day's Urakana 1
a correction intermediary gear 20a that meshes with the correction intermediary gear 5b; a correction intermediary pinion 20b that meshes with the correction wheel 29;
The vertical position is held by the back plate 18 which is loosely engaged with the correction intermediate wheel pin 30 fixed to the main plate 16, and the rotational movement from the reuse 10 to the correction wheel 29 is not transmitted through idle rotation in the normal position 10a, but is moved to one step. At the pull position 10b, the correction wheel 29 is integrated with the crest 31a of the winding stem 31 and transmitted, but at the second pull position 10c, the correction wheel 29 is disengaged from the winding stem 31, so it is at the first pull position. Only in 10b, the rotational movement from Reuse 10 is corrected by wheel 29.
It is configured to be transmitted to the correction agency vehicle 20 via.

Next, the operation will be explained.

In FIGS. 3 and 4, the reduction ratio from the fourth wheel & pinion 11 to the minute pinion 12a is set to 1/60 as is well known, and from the minute pinion 12a to the hour wheel
By reducing the reduction ratio leading to 3 to 1/12, the hour wheel 13
rotates once every 12 hours. By reducing the reduction ratio from the hour wheel 13 to the sun wheel 19 via the second date wheel 15 to 1/2, the sun wheel 19 rotates once a day.

The average period of lunar phases, or the waxing and waning of the moon, is
On the 29.530589th day, in order to match the rotational speed of the lunar plate 6 to the apparent average velocity of the moon, the lunar position wheel 25 must rotate (1-1/29.530589) times a day, which is very close to 0.96613681 rotations. Hour wheel 13
It is necessary to configure the number of teeth of the gear train from to the moon position wheel 25. In addition, the shadow plate 7 displays the phase of the moon using the rotation difference with the moon plate 6, and if the number of patterns 7a on the shadow plate 7 is n (n is an integer of 2 or more), then As shown, round holes 6a having an angular range of 180°/n with respect to the center of rotation in the moon plate 6 are provided in the shadow plate 7 at equal intervals with a size that exactly overlaps with the round holes 6a. It is constructed so that the moon's appearance is displayed when it exactly overlaps with one of the circular patterns 7a of the same color, and when it is located at one of the positions 7b exactly in the middle of the pattern 7a as shown in b, The shadow plate 7 must be delayed with respect to the moon plate 6 by one rotation every 29.530589×n days, and the moon phase wheel 24 must be delayed by 1/29.530589 per day with respect to the moon position wheel 25 due to the direction of movement and the waxing and waning direction. It is necessary to configure the number of teeth in the gear train from the hour wheel 13 to the moon phase wheel 24 so that the rotation is delayed by a value very close to ×n rotations, that is, 0.03386319/n rotations.

In the case of this embodiment, n=3, and as an example of a combination of the number of teeth with a small maximum number of teeth and high approximation accuracy, the number of teeth of the hour wheel pinion 13b is 23, and the number of teeth of the second rear gear 15a is
The number of teeth is 41, the number of teeth of the second day ura kana 15b is 40,
Number of teeth of upper adjustment gear 23a in adjustment wheel 23: 45
number of teeth on the lower adjustment gear 23b, 31 teeth, month position wheel 25
By setting the number of teeth to 32 and the number of teeth to the moon phase wheel 24 to 47, the moon position wheel 25 rotates 0.96612466 times per day, and the annual cumulative error of the moon plate 6 is 1.6° with respect to the apparent average movement of the moon. The lunar phase wheel 24 is only delayed by the rotational speed of the lunar position wheel 25 per day.
It needs to be very close to 0.95483693 rotation, which is 0.01128773 rotations, but in the above example of the number of teeth, the moon phase wheel 24
rotates 0.95485210 times per day, and the annual cumulative error of the shadow plate 7 with respect to the lunar plate 6 is an advance of 2.0 degrees, which is only a lag of 0.5 days in terms of the moon's age.

In addition, the number of teeth of the second hour wheel 21 functions as an idler that also corrects the rotational direction, so it may be set to the most advantageous number depending on the usable module range and the planar arrangement conditions of the wheel train. Depending on the conditions, it is also possible to provide the rotation axis of the second hour wheel 21 at a location other than the rotation axis of the hour wheel 13. Furthermore, by setting the number of teeth of the sun wheel 19 to 46, which is twice the number of teeth of the hour wheel pinion 13b, the sun plate 9
Since it rotates once a day, it not only indicates the average position of the sun, but also allows the sun plate 9 to correspond to the 12-hour time indicated by the hour hand 3 and to be used as the hour hand of a 24-hour clock. The moon plate 6 and the shadow plate 7 are arranged so that the hour hand 3, the minute hand 4, the sun plate 9 and the second hand 5 are within a range that does not cause any problem in knowing the approximate position and phase of the moon due to the slip mechanism of the second date wheel 15. Since initial alignment is possible with respect to the above, no particular alignment is required during installation.

In addition, in the shadow plate 7, all parts except the part that displays the phase of the moon between the round hole 6a of the moon plate 6 are hidden under the moon plate 6, so that a clear and easy-to-understand moon display can be obtained.

The operation at the time of initial alignment will be explained below. First, the hour hand 3, minute hand 4, and sun plate 9 are set at noon, that is, 12 o'clock, by pulling out the reuse 10 from the normal position 10a to the two-step pull-out position 10c. Next, when the crown 10 is returned from the second pulled position 10c to the first pulled position 10b, the rotational force of the crown 10 shown in FIG.
It is transmitted from the correction wheel 29 engaged with 1a to the second day back kana 15b of the second day back wheel 15 via the correction intermediary car 20. Since a slip function portion 15c is provided between the second date reverse pinion 15b and the second date reverse gear 15a of the second date reverse wheel 15, the second date reverse gear 15a slips during the above transmission. Since only the second day's back kana 15b rotates without rotating, the rotation given to the second day's back kana 15b is caused by the second hour wheel 2.
1 to the adjustment wheel 23, and further to the adjustment wheel 23.
Rotation is transmitted from the upper adjustment gear 23a to the moon phase wheel 24, and from the lower adjustment gear 23b to the moon position wheel 25.

Using the above operation, rotate the reuse 10 forward and backward to align the alignment mark 8c of the dial 8 with the round hole 6 of the moon plate 6.
A and one of the circular patterns 7a of the shadow plate 7 are aligned so that they exactly overlap to display the matching sun, and this state is determined as noon of the 1st day according to the lunar calendar. In this case, the round hole 6a of the moon plate 6 is the alignment mark 8c of the dial plate 8.
In the first matching state of the shadow plate 7 after repeating the matching state, the circular pattern 7a of the shadow plate 7 does not completely overlap the round hole 6a of the moon plate 6, but the phase of the moon is
A deviation of 0.52 days or less remains, but in the case of a deviation of 0.27 to 0.52 days, by further rotating the reuse 10 to the next matching position of the shadow plate 7, the fraction of the average period of the moon's waxing and waning will be approximately Since it is 0.53 days
The deviation is less than 0.27 days, which is sufficient accuracy to know the approximate state of the moon.

Next, after knowing what day the current day is according to the lunar calendar from the calendar section of a newspaper, etc., the user pulls out the reuse 10 to the second draw position 10c and advances the display by a predetermined date by rotating the reuse 10 forward. For example, if the current day falls on the 8th day of the lunar calendar, the display will advance for 7 days from the 1st to the 8th, so rotate the Reuse 10 forward until the sun plate 9 rotates 7 times at the second pull position 10c. Then, set this state as noon on the 8th day of the lunar calendar, then set the hands of the Reuse 10 in that state at the time of that day, and return the Reuse 10 to its normal position 1.
The initial setting of the moon's position, phase, and time is completed by returning to 0a. If you want to match even more precisely,
There is a method of correcting the local time difference for the position of the moon, and using the moon phase value for the phase.

The clock shown in Figure 2 shows the approximate position and phase of the moon (approximately waxing quarter) and the average position of the sun at 10:10:38 pm on the 8th day of the lunar calendar. The position of the moon is approximately from the meridian, that is, the line connecting the center and alignment mark 8c.
You can see at a glance that it is located in the western sky, passing through 60 degrees, and that the sun is located below the line connecting 6 o'clock and 18 o'clock, which can be considered the horizon.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible not only to know the display of the moon's position and phase with good initial setting and small cumulative error together with the average solar time on a 12-hour display, but also to display the moon's position and phase in conjunction with the moon's position. By devising the position so that you can know the average sun position displayed on the 24-hour time display, we have added a function that also displays the current average sun position, so you can see the average sun position at the current time. You can clearly see where the moon is and where the sun is by just looking at the clock, and you can know the position even at night.At the same time, we are able to provide a very convenient clock, and at the same time, the design of the clock We were able to add variations to the product, which had a great effect on increasing the appeal of the product.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a plan view of a conventional clock with moon phase display.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of a timepiece according to the present invention that displays the position and phase of the moon and the position of the sun, Figs. 3 and 4 are sectional views of the main parts of the gear train mechanism of the timepiece shown in Fig. 2, and Fig. 5 is Second
In FIG. 6, A is a plan view showing a state in which the moon plate 6 and a shadow plate 7 overlap, and B is a plan view showing a desired state. 3...Hour hand, 4...Minute hand, 5...Second hand, 6...
Moon plate, 7...Shadow plate, 8...Dial plate, 9...Sun plate, 19...Sun wheel, 24...Moon phase wheel, 25...
...Moon position car.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A watch having a 12-hour time display function section for displaying 12-hour average solar time,
A 24-hour time display function section equipped with a sun wheel for displaying the 24-hour average solar time in synchronization with the average solar time of the hour, and displaying the position of the moon in conjunction with the 24-hour time. The 24-hour time display function section has a 12 o'clock scale that corresponds to the midpoint where the average solar altitude is highest. and the 12 o'clock direction located at the top of the 12-hour time display function section, and the moon phase display function section also aligns the midline position where the moon's altitude is highest with the 12 o'clock direction of the 12-hour time display function section. A clock with a lunar age display, which is characterized by being made to match the lunar age. 2. The moon position wheel is equipped with a moon plate, and the moon phase wheel is equipped with a shadow plate, and the shadow plate and the moon plate are stacked in this order from the timepiece movement side. A clock with moon phase display.