JPH055312U - Tool check - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] With a needle roll lock type tool chuck, cutting powder, cutting oil, dust in the air, etc. are reliably prevented from entering the chuck, and safe and highly accurate cutting is possible. Provide the means to A tool for tightening and fixing a tool 8 fitted in a tool holding hole 2b of a chuck barrel 2 by tightening a tightening barrel 5 fitted onto a tapered outer circumference 2a of the chuck barrel 2 via a needle roller 6. In the chuck, the chuck cylinder 2 is fixed to the rear end of the tightening cylinder 5, and the tool cylinder 8 is tightened and fixed.
A first dustproof seal 11 made of an annular elastic body that is in pressure contact with the annular step portion 4a on the outer periphery is provided.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

  The present invention is designed to allow cutting chips, cutting oil, etc. to enter the tool chuck of various machine tools. The present invention relates to a needle roll lock type tool chuck provided with a means for preventing the above-mentioned problems.

[0002]

[Prior art]

  When installing a cutting tool on the rotating spindle of a machine tool, use the needle roll lock system. In the tool chuck, the shank portion of the tool is directly attached to the chuck barrel of the chuck body or Insert it through a straight collet and attach it to the loose tapered outer circumference of the chuck cylinder. By tightening the tightening cylinder that has been fitted through the needle roller, It is designed to tighten the tool by shrinking the diameter of the cylinder or this and the collet. There is. In the case of a taper collet type tool chuck, Insert the shank part of the tool through the taper collet and screw it onto the chuck cylinder. The taper collet is reduced in diameter by tightening the tightening nut. It is designed to fasten the tools tightly.

[0003]   However, in the normal case, such a tool chuck part is not sealed. Therefore, fine cutting chips and cutting oil during cutting are not used in each part on the front end side of the chuck. It easily penetrates into the gap between materials, and this intrusion reduces chucking accuracy and gripping force. Lowering the machining accuracy, shortening the chuck life, and even pulling out the tool There was a risk of damage to the work piece due to burrs and a serious accident.

[0004]   Therefore, the present applicant previously filed a shank of a tool as Japanese Patent Application No. 2-404371. We proposed a dust-proof seal that can cover the front end face of the chuck part when it is fitted on the outside of the chuck part. ing. This dustproof seal has a minimum inner diameter smaller than the tool shank outer diameter and an inner circumference. It is made of an annular elastic body with a non-slip surface, and is press-fitted on the outer periphery of the tool shank. The peripheral edge of its rear end by elastically contacting the front end face of the tightening cylinder or tightening nut. Seals the gap between each member on the front end side of the chuck to prevent the ingress of cutting chips and cutting oil. Configured to prevent.

[0005]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

  However, for needle roll lock type tool chucks, the chuck cylinder An annular space for loading the needle roller between the clamp and the tightening cylinder is also open to the rear side. Therefore, even if the front side of the space is sealed by the dustproof seal proposed above, Cutting powder, cutting oil, and dust in the air enter the space, which causes the need. It is said that the smoothness of rolling of the roller roller is impaired and the chucking accuracy and gripping force are reduced. There were difficulties.

[0006]   In view of the above circumstances, the present invention provides a needle roll lock type tool chuck. In addition, it is possible to securely prevent chips, cutting oil, dust in the air, etc. from entering the chuck. Its purpose is to provide a means that enables safe and highly accurate cutting. It

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

  In order to achieve the above object, a tool chuck according to the present invention is a tool for a chuck cylinder. A tool fitted in the holding hole is attached to the outer circumference of the chuck cylinder with a tapered needle roller. In the tool chuck that is tightened and fixed by tightening the tightening cylinder that is fitted via It is fixed to the rear end of the tightening cylinder, and the ring at the rear end of the chuck cylinder is fixed with the tool tightened and fixed. A first dust-proof seal made of an annular elastic body that is pressed against the stepped portion. The configuration adopted is as follows.

[0008]   Further, in the present invention, the inner peripheral surface side of the first dustproof seal is slidably contacted with the outer peripheral surface of the chuck cylinder. 3. The structure according to claim 2, wherein the one having an annular fin portion is used, and the first dustproof sheet. 4. The structure according to claim 3, wherein the outer peripheral surface of the ring has an annular groove, and the first dustproof sheet. A concave and convex seal part is formed on the rear end face of the chuck, which comes into pressure contact with the annular step at the rear end of the chuck cylinder. The structure according to claim 4, wherein the outer surface of the first dustproof seal is made of metal or synthetic resin. The structure according to claim 5, wherein the ring-shaped body is fixed, and is fitted in the tool holding hole of the chuck cylinder. The attached tool is externally fitted to the outer circumference of the chuck tube by the needle roller. In the tool chuck that is tightened and fixed by tightening the tightening tube, It is press-fitted to the outer periphery of the chuck part, and the front end side of the chuck part is sealed while the tool is tightened and fixed. The second dust-proof seal consisting of an annular elastic body that stops A first dust-proof seal made of an annular elastic body that comes into pressure contact with the annular stepped portion at the rear end of the cylinder. The structure according to claim 6, and the second dustproof seal of the tool chuck. The ring-shaped metal plate that covers a part or the whole surface of the front surface thereof as a tool. Each of the above configurations is a preferred mode.

[0009]

[Action]

  The first dustproof seal is fixed to the rear end of the tightening cylinder by adhesion or pressure fitting, and When the tightening tube moves backward due to the rotation operation when tightening the tool, It is pressed against the annular step formed on the outer circumference of the cylinder and is pinched between the annular step and the tightening tube. To compress and deform. Then, due to the elastic repulsive force against this compression, the annular stepped portion is And the rear end of the tightening cylinder, both contact the chuck cylinder and the tightening cylinder under tool tightening. The gap on the rear end side is sealed. Also, on the outer surface of the first dustproof seal, use metal or synthetic resin. By sticking a fat annular body, chips adhere to the outer peripheral surface of the first dustproof seal. It is possible to prevent damage caused by the it can.

[0010]   The second dust-proof seal should be attached to the outer circumference of the shank of the tool by press-fitting. Gap between the cylinder and the clamp cylinder, the interface between the chuck cylinder and the straight collet or tool, The interface between the collet and the tool is sealed on the front end side, and The shank part is forcibly expanded by press fitting, and its elastic restoring force Since it is tightened, the shank is held in place even during rotation during machining. Be done. As such a dustproof seal, the minimum inner diameter of the tool shank The outer diameter is smaller than the outer diameter, and when the tool with this is tightened and fixed to the chuck cylinder, The outer circumference of the end side makes elastic contact with the front end surface of the tightening cylinder, or pressure is applied to the inner circumference of the front end of the tightening cylinder. Anything can be used as long as it touches.

[0011]   As the second dustproof seal, use one that has an annular metal plate that covers the front side. If used, the dust-proof seal is protected by the annular metal plate from cutting chips scattered during cutting. Be done. Also, as the first dust-proof seal, an annular fin that slidably contacts the outer peripheral surface of the chuck cylinder is used. If you use the one that has, the tightening cylinder is exposed in the relaxed state where it is located on the front side. Even if cutting chips and dust are attached to the outer peripheral surface of the back side of the backpack, these attached substances will During tightening, when the tightening tube moves backward, it is removed backward by the annular fin, Intrusion into the annular space between the cylinder and the tightening cylinder is prevented. Also, with the same dustproof seal If an outer peripheral surface having an annular groove is used, the annular groove serves as an absorption portion for compressive deformation. Therefore, even if the axial compression width of the dustproof seal when tightening the tool is set to a large value, It is difficult to cause squeezing, which can improve the sealing performance, and at the same time It can cope with the fluctuation of the end position to some extent. Also, on the rear end face of the first dustproof seal, By forming a concavo-convex seal part that comes into pressure contact with the annular step formed on the outer circumference of the cylinder, The seal portion presses against the annular step portion to exert a sealing property between them. It will be.

[0012]

【Example】

  1 to 3 show a needle roller lock type tool chuck according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 1 shows the state before tool tightening, Fig. 2 shows the state after tool tightening, and Fig. 3 shows The inside of the phantom line circle A of 1 is expanded.

[0013]   In the figure, reference numeral 1 is a chuck body, and the front side has a tapered outer surface 2a having a loose outer periphery. Of the chuck cylinder 2 and the rear side is a spin center such as a machining center. The taper-shaped shank portion 3 is detachably attached to the A chuck positioning collar 4 for gripping the manipulator is provided on the outer periphery of the part. . Reference numeral 5 denotes a tightening cylinder having an inner circumference having a tapered surface 5a corresponding to the tapered surface 2a of the chuck cylinder 2. , And the chuck is held through a large number of needle rollers 6 held by the retainer 6a. It is fitted on the outside of the cylinder 2. 7a is attached to the outer circumference of the front end of the chuck cylinder 2. Snap ring 7b is a snap ring attached to the inner periphery of the rear end of the tightening cylinder 5. And is responsible for preventing the retainer 6a from coming off.

[0014]   Here, the needle rollers 6 ... Are rotated relative to the generatrix of the tapered surface 2a of the chuck cylinder 2. The roller axis is arranged slightly inclined in the direction of rotation of the tightening cylinder, so that the tightening cylinder 5 is It moves in the axial direction as it rotates. And the tool 8 has a shank portion 8a It is fitted into the tool holding hole 2a of the chuck barrel 2 via the trait collet 9 and is a tightening barrel. Due to the diameter reduction of chuck cylinder 2 and collet 9 due to the rotation operation of 5 in the tightening direction, It is designed so that it cannot be moved in the direction and cannot be rotated relative to the grip.

[0015]   Then, the second dustproof seal 10 is press-fitted on the outer periphery of the shank portion 8a of the tool 8. The first dustproof seal 11 is adhered and fixed to the rear end of the tightening cylinder 5. ing. The second dustproof seal 10 is made of a soft rubber similar to the oil seal O-ring or The shank outer diameter of the tool 8 is made of a molded product of an elastic polymer material such as soft synthetic resin. Smaller ring-shaped elastic body 12 and integrated to protect its front side from swarf And an annular metal plate 13 having a V-shaped radial cross section fixed to the outer end of the elastic body 12. The annular projecting edge portion 12a formed on the peripheral edge projects into the gap between the chuck cylinder 2 and the tightening cylinder 5. In addition, the rear end face of the clamping cylinder 5 is pressed against the inner periphery of the front end side of the clamping cylinder 5 so that It is designed to abut. An annular recess is formed on the center side of the rear end face of the dustproof seal. 12b is formed, and the front end flange portion 9a of the collet 9 is arranged in the recess 12b. is doing.

[0016]   On the other hand, the first dustproof seal 11 is similar to the elastic body 12 of the second dustproof seal 10. It is a ring-shaped molded product made of an elastic polymer material, and as shown in FIG. It has a V-shaped annular groove 11a, and the inner peripheral surface is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the chuck cylinder 5. Is formed with an annular fin portion 11b that has a substantially U-shaped cross section, It is fitted and adhered to the end. The rear half of the dust-proof seal 11 has an outer half on the outer side. A concavo-convex seal portion composed of a large number of concentric convex ridges 14a ... 14 is formed, and an annular half 11b is formed on the inner half of the annular fin 11b to open obliquely outward. A cutout 15 is provided. The outer surface of the dust-proof seal 11 is made of metal or synthetic resin. An oil-made annular body 16 is fixedly attached to the outer peripheral surface of the dust-proof seal 11 to prevent chips and the like. In addition to preventing adhesion, it is possible to prevent the dust-proof seal 11 from bulging during high-speed rotation. it can.

[0017]   Then, in order to attach the tool 8 to the chuck body 1, the second dustproof seal 10 Is press-fitted onto the shank portion 8a of the tool 8 in advance, and the shank portion 8a is chucked. When inserting into the tool holding hole 2b of the cylinder 2 through the straight collet 9, as shown in FIG. Thus, the rear end surface of the dustproof seal 10 is brought into contact with the front end surface of the chuck cylinder 2. This and When the tightening cylinder 5 is located in the front side and is in a relaxed state, A shape in which the annular protruding edge portion 12a of the dustproof seal 10 is pressed against the inner circumference of the tightening cylinder 5 in the gap with the circumference. It is rushing in. Next, when the tightening tube 5 is rotated in the tightening direction, the tightening tube 5 is rotated. So that it gradually rides up toward the large outer diameter side of the tapered surface 2a on the outer circumference of the chuck cylinder 2 to the rear. As the chuck cylinder 2 and the collet 9 are moved, the diameter of the chuck cylinder 2 and the collet 9 are reduced, and the tool 8 is firmly fixed. After tightening and fixing, the tool tightened state shown in FIG. Then, the second dustproof seal 10 is Since the projecting edge portion 12a is in pressure contact with the inner circumference of the tightening cylinder 5, the above-mentioned rearward movement of the tightening cylinder 5 is performed. Accordingly, the chuck cylinder 2 is pulled rearward and strongly pressed against the front end surface of the chuck cylinder 2. On the other hand, the The dust-proof seal 11 has a concave-convex anti-slip portion 14 on the rear end side for chuck positioning. The annular groove is pressed against the front end surface 4a of the collar portion 4 and between the front end surface 4a and the rear end surface of the tightening cylinder 5. The opening 11a is compressed and deformed.

[0018]   In the above-mentioned tool tightening state, the front end side gap between the tightening cylinder 5 and the chuck cylinder 2, The interface between the chuck cylinder 2 and the collet 9, the shank portion 8a of the tool 8 and the collet 9 Both interfaces are sealed by the second dustproof seal 10, and the tightening cylinder 5 and the chuck cylinder 2 are The gap on the rear end side of and is also sealed by the first dustproof seal 11. Therefore, cutting Intrusion of cutting chips and cutting oil into these annular gaps and interfaces is completely blocked, Decrease in chucking accuracy and gripping force due to Life shortening is also avoided. In addition, it is exposed to the outside as shown in Fig. 1 before tool tightening. Even if cutting powder or dust adheres to the outer peripheral surface of the rear side of the chuck cylinder 2 that has been The annular fin portion of the first dustproof seal 11 in the process of moving the tightening cylinder 5 rearward when tightening the tool. 11b is removed rearward and enters the annular space between the chuck cylinder 2 and the tightening cylinder 5. Is prevented.

[0019]   Furthermore, the dust-proof seal 10 is in a state where the inner circumference is forcibly expanded, and its elastic restoration Since the shank portion 8a of the tool 8 is always tightened by force, it comes out during cutting. There is no risk of breakage and a perfect seal is maintained. The first dustproof seal 11 is a A large number of ridges 14a, which are flexible with respect to the front end surface 4a of the collar positioning collar portion 4. Since the seal portion 14 is made of a sealant, the sealability is excellent and the ring The groove 11a absorbs the deformation caused by the compression, and the outer peripheral surface of the dustproof seal 11 has no metal. Or an annular body 16 made of synthetic resin is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the dustproof seal 11. Prevents chips from adhering to the inside and prevents the dust-proof seal 11 from bulging during high-speed rotation. In addition, the seal does not swell outward in the compressed state, and the seal is prevented from breaking.

[0020]   The detailed structure of each component of the tool chuck of the present invention is different from that of the embodiment. The design can be changed, for example, as the second dustproof seal, tighten the outer periphery of the rear end. It is also possible to use one that elastically contacts the front end surface of the cylinder or one that does not have an annular metal plate. Well Tool is directly fitted into the tool holding hole of the chuck cylinder without going through the straight collet. You may do it.

[0021]

[Effect of device]

  According to claim 1 or 6 of the present invention, a needle roller lock type tool chuck is provided. In the first or. And between the members of the chuck by the second dustproof seal Gap is completely sealed, and as a result, cutting chips and cutting oil enter the chuck. Decrease in chucking accuracy and tool gripping force, as well as the life of each part of the chuck and the whole Shortening is prevented, processing accuracy is improved, and the work piece is damaged due to the tool coming out. Avoids scratches and serious accidents. Both of the above dustproof seals have a simple structure and can be manufactured at low cost. There is an advantage that

[0022]   Further, according to the configuration of claim 2 of the present invention, when the tightening cylinder is in the loosened state, it is exposed to the outside. Even if cutting chips or dust in the air adhere to the outer peripheral surface of the chuck cylinder, The kimono is automatically removed with the tightening operation of the tightening tube, There is an advantage that the sealability is further improved without invading between the two.

[0023]   According to the third aspect of the present invention, the outer side of the first dustproof seal is compressed. Swelling does not occur easily, and its axial compression width is increased to ensure more reliable sealing This kind of knee has a large movement amount in the axial direction due to the tightening operation of the tightening cylinder. With the dollar roll lock system, it is possible to cope with fluctuations in the rear end position during tool tightening of the tightening cylinder. There is an advantage that

[0024]   Further, according to the structure of claim 4 of the present invention, a seal is formed on the annular step portion at the rear end of the chuck cylinder. The pressure contact between the two parts makes it possible to achieve a good seal between the two parts, allowing stable use. Further, according to claim 5, satisfactorily prevent damage and bulging of the first dustproof seal. You can

[0025]   According to the structure of claim 7 of the present invention, a part of the front side of the dustproof seal or Since the entire surface is protected by a ring-shaped metal plate, it is not possible to use the chips scattered during cutting. There is an advantage that the durability of the dust-proof seal is improved and the life is extended without causing damage or damage. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state before tightening a tool of a tool chuck according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state after tightening the tool of the tool chuck.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of an imaginary line circle A in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 chuck body 2 chuck tube 2a Tapered taper surface 2b Tool holding hole 4a Front end face of the collar for chuck positioning (annular step) 5 Tightening tube 5a Tapered surface (inner circumference of tightening tube) 6 needle roller 8 tools 8a Shank part 10 Second dustproof seal 11 First dustproof seal 11a annular groove 11b Annular fin 14 Seal part 16 Metal or synthetic resin ring

Claims (7)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A tool chuck for tightening and fixing a tool fitted in a tool holding hole of a chuck cylinder by tightening a tightening cylinder externally fitted via a needle roller to a tapered outer circumference of the chuck cylinder. A tool chuck comprising a first dust-proof seal fixed to a rear end portion of the attached cylinder, the first dust-proof seal being an elastic elastic body that comes into pressure contact with an annular step portion on the outer circumference of the chuck cylinder when the tool is clamped and fixed. 2. The tool chuck according to claim 1, wherein the first dustproof seal has an annular fin portion that is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the chuck cylinder. 3. The tool chuck according to claim 1, wherein the outer periphery of the first dustproof seal has an annular groove. 4. The tool chuck according to claim 1, wherein a concave-convex seal portion is formed on the rear end surface of the first dust-proof seal so as to be in pressure contact with the annular step portion at the rear end of the chuck cylinder. 5. The tool chuck according to claim 1, wherein an annular body made of metal or synthetic resin is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the first dustproof seal. 6. A tool chuck in which a tool fitted in a tool holding hole of a chuck cylinder is tightened and fixed by tightening a tightening cylinder externally fitted through a needle roller to a tapered outer circumference of the chuck cylinder. A second dust-proof seal, which is press-fitted to the outer periphery of the shank portion, is made of an annular elastic body that seals the front end side of the chuck portion in the tightened and fixed state of the tool, and is fixed to the rear end portion of the tightening cylinder. A tool chuck, comprising: a first dust-proof seal made of an annular elastic body that comes into pressure contact with an annular step portion at the rear end of the chuck cylinder when the tool is clamped and fixed. 7. The tool chuck according to claim 6, wherein the second dust-proof seal comprises an annular metal plate covering a part or the entire front surface side thereof.