JPH05507304A - lubricant composition - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] lubricant composition The present invention is useful for a variety of applications and especially those involving high pressures and working loads. Regarding lubricant compositions that can be used successfully, such as drill mantles and high pressure lubricants. .

The lubricant composition prevents surfaces from contacting each other and leaves no space between them for as long as necessary. opposing solid surfaces, e.g. mechanical parts, to facilitate relative movement between the two can be introduced between the surfaces of the As a result, such lubricant 1fq compositions are typically fluid Mechanical properties, i.e. internals that are sufficient to balance the loads on opposing surfaces necessary to have the ability to generate pressure and have additional friction-reducing and wear-reducing properties. be.

Many lubricant compositions have the form of oils and greases and have a wide variety of applications. Lubricating oils may be petroleum derivatives, animal or vegetable oils or synthetic materials, For example polyalkylene glycols, dibasic esters, phosphate esters , silicones, silicate esters and the like. lubricating grease such oils and thickeners, such as metal soaps, modified clays, fine silica and the like and/or fillers such as asbestos, glide, metals Carbonates, hydroxides, oxyF°, phosphates, sulfides and the like It is a combination of things. Furthermore, lubricating oils and greases are susceptible to oxidation and corrosion, for example. and improve properties such as adhesion, film strength and water wash resistance. spherical additives may be included for this purpose.

EP3419 is 7) for isothermal forging or sizing of metal workpieces in dies. Discloses a lubricant composition for use in combination with an inorganic abrasive component at 260°C ( The composition comprises a glass component that fuses at temperatures above 500°F. the glassy material The material is liquid at the forging temperatures used.

Other lubricant compositions have particulate solids as an essential ingredient and have opposing surfaces. It may be used where the surface is subjected to high pressures and workloads during use. Like that The particulate solid lubricant has a layered crystal lattice. w machine compounds, e.g. crystallinity graph molybdenum disulfide and the like, other soft inorganic compounds such as oxidized Lead, lime, talc, bentonite and the like, soft organic compounds, e.g. Soaps, waxes and fats, soft polymers such as poly(tetrafluoroethylene) ) or poly(chlorofluoroethylene) and the like, or malleable metals, etc. For example aluminum, copper, lead and the like, or metals that can break, such as zinc. Consists of lead. All these solid lubricants are characterized by whether they are flexible, elastic, malleable or fracture, and they have a low yield limit for their mechanical properties , or in any case, during use, due to pressures or working loads acting on them. They have a common feature in that they are generally soft with certain HIl having a low yield limit. Ru. Finely divided solid lubricants can be used as such, or dispersions in oil, as well as water-based lubricants. can be used as a vehicle.

A drilling fluid containing glass beads is disclosed in GB1532922. So The beads have a particle size of 44-88 μm and a hardness of 5.5 on the Mohs hardness scale. It has a hardness of Glass peas are generally unsuitable in the present compositions.

Because they have low compressive strength and break in use, glass while producing wear particles. Furthermore, the gas used for GB1532922 Raspies have a softening point of about 730°C, and they are susceptible to attack by alkalis. I'm very angry about it.

The present invention provides a lubricant composition that is a dispersion of solid particles in a support vehicle. . However, contrary to prior art techniques, the solid particles in the compositions of the present invention are hard Substantially spheres of high quality, abrasion and fracture resistant, thermally stable and chemically inert material It is a particle of shape. Most surprisingly, compositions containing such particles is the yield limit of the mechanical properties of the particles to withstand the forces acting on them during use. High enough to provide excellent lubrication in high pressure and work load environments and other lubrication conditions It will have a characteristic.

The purpose of the invention is to withstand high forces due to pressure and working loads during use. lubricant composition. Another purpose is for various uses, Bearings and screw connections, for example, regardless of the presence of high pressures and working loads therein The objective is to provide a lubricant composition that can be used in

The solid particles used in the lubricant compositions of the present invention can withstand high pressures and operating loads during use. Made of hard, abrasion- and fracture-resistant, thermally stable and chemically inert materials, so that should be manufactured. Suitable particles include, although materials of other properties are also suitable. Manufactured from ceramic material.

The particles used in the compositions of the invention may also be used to reduce friction and wear during use. is substantially spherical and lubricious in order to participate or contribute in other ways to the lubrication function. It is clear. The particles are preferably about 250 microns in diameter for practical purposes. less than or equal to about 100 microns, and most preferably about 1 to about 60 For compositions with an average particle size of microns, but also particles outside this range can be used.

Deviations from the average particle size in a given amount of material preferably mean that the particles whether they represent a small or large portion (less than 25% or more than 25%) of to provide separation and a homogeneous layer of support material between opposing parts. should be as small as possible.

The particles are hard, abrasion resistant and fracture resistant. They are, for example, 10,000 or at 25,000 psi and often between 40,000 and 120,000 psf Virtually unyielding zero particle integrity is maintained in use at high pressures and The particles do not effectively break or chip and do not produce abrasive broken material. The particles preferably have a hardness of at least 5.5 and maximum on the Mohs hardness scale. and preferably at least 6.5 and typically up to 8 and most suitably It has a hardness of about 7.

The particles used in the invention are thermostable and the temperatures achieved in use will not be substantially distorted. Particles that distort due to temperature or pressure are no longer It is not a sphere and will not roll effectively and function as a lubricant. cormorant.

Suitable particles preferably have a temperature of at least 750°C, preferably at least 850°C. or at least 1000°C and often up to 1500°C.

The particles are effectively chemically inert and, in fact, very strong reagents, It will simply react under extreme conditions with concentrated hydrochloric acid, for example.

The particles have an average diameter of about 1-60 μm, a specific gravity of about 2-2.5 g/cts3, Based on a specific surface area of approximately 1.4-1.6 m”/cm3 and Mohs hardness scale It preferably has a hardness of about 6.5 to 8.

Particularly suitable particles are Zeelan Ind. ustrjes Inc, SL, Paul, 20 Minnesota, It is manufactured and sold in the USA. These Zeeeos pheres has a hardness of 7 based on the Mohs hardness scale and a softening of approximately 1200°C. silicone having a specific gravity (ASTM D-153) of 2.4 to 2.0 g/cm'' It is a thick-walled hollow sphere of car-alumina ceramics. Their compressive strength is 6 Must be 0.0OOpsi or more (i.e. 4.200 kg/cm” or more) Although mentioned, it is actually substantially higher than that. Zeeeospher es is available in several types that differ in average particle; specific gravity; and specific surface area. can.

According to the manufacturer's published data, some of these types: can be specified by: Zeeospheres type 200 400 600 800 850 -60 Average particle size 5 microns 4.9 6.9 9.9 27.1 55.9 2 ．． Experiments with 200 Zeeeospheres of 9 types give good results However, other types of lubricant compositions in which they are used and the compositions in which they are used are also utilized. Depending on the application, it can be used with the same or even higher advantages.

The solid particles as defined above are at least 0.1% by weight of the total lubricant composition. may be used at a rate of The upper limit is the actual amount that encompasses the intended use of the composition. It will be determined by considerations and by the nature of the support vehicle.

The solid particles may be petroleum-based, organic-based, silicone-based or even water-based. A support vehicle, which may be a wood vehicle, is introduced into the support vehicle.

Preferred vehicles are those that possess their own lubricating properties, such as well-known lubricants and greases.

The lubricant used as a support vehicle can be of any conventional type. , and thus, for example petroleum derivatives, animal or vegetable oils or synthetic materials, e.g. Polyalkylene glycols, esters of dibasic organic acids, phosphate esters , silicones, silicate esters and the like. support beak Lubricating greases are usually used as oils and thickeners, such as metals. Soaps (-salts of basic or polybasic aliphatic acids and alkali or alkaline earth metals) , such as sodium, lithium, barium stearate, hydroxystearate salts, oxalates, sebacates and similar), modified clays, fine silica and the like, and/or fillers or additives such as asbestos, graphite, Metal carbonates, oxides, hydroxides, phosphates, sulfates, sulfates It would be a combination with rufido and the like. Such thickeners, fillers and additives Additives are usually used in gelled or finely granulated form, where appropriate, and fillers and additives are non-abrasive and, alone or in combination with other substances, their Care should be taken not to lose the fine grain shape and agglomerate.

When using a lubricating oil or grease as a support vehicle, the solid particles are preferably may be used in a proportion of about 50-60% by weight, based on the total lubricant composition. vinegar That is, the composition is preferably hard, abrasion resistant, puncture resistant, and thermally stable. and about 50 to 60% by weight of a chemically inert material and about 40 to 60% by weight of a lubricating oil or lubricating grease. 50% by weight.

One or more additional lubricant materials may be included in the compositions of the present invention. Suitable additional lubricant material Examples of materials include molybdenum disulfide, other metal sulfides, graphite, talc, Squid, aliphatic esters, halogenated olefin polymers, metal oxides, hydrogen droxide, carbonate, phosphate, sulfate, chloride, promide , yossite or a combination thereof, metal stearate, oxalate, sebacate , - metal salts of basic or polybasic aromatic acids, malleable metals, such as aluminum , copper and lead, or any other material compatible with and insoluble in the supporting vehicle. Includes materials. Such additional materials are in fine granular form and substantially non-abrasive. and their fines, alone or in combination with water or other substances. It should not agglomerate with loss of granular shape or functionality.

A proportion of ~5% by weight is sufficient for many purposes and is therefore preferred.

In this case, the total composition is hard, abrasion resistant and fracture resistant, heat stable and About 45-59% by weight particles of chemically inert material, about 1-5% by weight particles of other lubricant materials % and about 40-50% by weight of the support vehicle.

Additionally, conventional additives such as corrosion inhibitors and antioxidants, tackifiers and Wetting agents are normally supported under conditions where they do not significantly adversely affect the functionality of the base ingredient. It can be introduced into the composition as a component of a vehicle.

The lubricant compositions of the present invention are suitable for a wide variety of applications and especially for high pressure and It can be used for cases where high temperatures are involved. The range of possible applications is high Not limited to working loads or high temperatures, and medium or low working loads and medium Use at lower or lower temperatures confers comparable benefits. Additionally, the use of lubricant compositions Regardless of any relative movement between the parts to which they are applied, and this This means that the lubricant composition of the present invention has a high relative velocity and only a separation function is required. that for slow relative velocities between certain lubricated parts, it would work equally well. means. As a result, lubricant compositions are suitable for all machines, such as bearings, structures and Can be used for lubrication of mining equipment.

In the oil and gas production industry, certain types of lubricant compositions are used in threaded tubular connections. Used for application between the male and female parts of.

This means that during the firing of such parts, if they are screwed together, their This is done to provide a fluid tight seal between. Such lubricant compositions (often (referred to as “thread white compound”) is a highly effective compound imparted to threaded connections. During the construction of oil and gas wells, it is possible to compensate and break the area without bending to the load. Allows you to log out. Additionally, after construction of the threaded connection, the lubricant composition Even if oil or gas, or perforated eyebrow mud or other fluid materials are Threaded parts even when flowing at high pressure through connected tubes or pipes A fluid tight seal may be provided between the two. The lubricant composition of the present invention contains all those seems to be able to meet the requirements. In addition, the oil and gas manufacturing industry A special type of lubricant composition is used in drill strings and drill holes in rotary drills. Connection between pipes themselves (rotating shoulder series connection or tool connection), drill pipe The connection between the bottom component of the drill bit and the drill collar, the connection between the drill collar and the drill bit. connections between and any other screwed into place at the top or bottom of them. Usually used for lubrication of connections between tools or equipment. Such lubricant compositions (e.g. so-called "tool linking compounds" and "drill collar compounds") During consolidation, the drill pipe and Allows for the screwing together of other equipment, thereby allowing drills to be removed from the pipe section. The pipe section at the bottom of the length of the tring and, in addition, the connection to other equipment during this operation. The lubricant compositions of the present invention that provide energy (torque) transport meet such needs. conditions can be met, and they all have one use, and For example, it could be used for strings of pipes connected to internal surfaces.

The lubricant compositions of the present invention may be used, although the term "lubricant" is not normally used, but However, it may be used for applications where some lubrication function is always involved. the Such applications include, for example, metal working (e.g. cutting, pressing, drawing, honing). The use of said composition as a cooling fluid in finishing, polishing and finishing) operations; Such compositions as drilling fluids or drilling cloaks in drilling and drilling operations. where the support vehicle is oil-based, but preferably water-based. It is a material. In the latter case, a small amount (both 5 and preferably 5 to 10 parts by weight of the total composition) It is preferred to use solid particles in a proportion of Rill mands are hard, abrasion resistant, puncture resistant, thermally stable and chemically inert. Particles of active material at least 5, preferably 5 to 10 parts by weight and heavy weight loading For drilling fluids, which can include agents, thickeners, wetting agents and the like. conventional heavy-based vehicles containing up to 95 parts by weight, preferably from 90 to 95 parts by weight. Will.

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.

Bottom - rise - m Zeeeospheres, Type 200 55 Lithium Grease (NLGI N o, 2) 42 Morbidene disulfide 3 In this composition suitable for use in bearings, the lithium grease is Dispersion of 7.5% lithium 12-hydroxystearate in petroleum.

Spot l Bottom-Tachiichi-1lX- Zeeeospheres, type 200 57.0 crystalline graphite 3.0 100.0 ■Yu Bottom - Kuniichi M Zeeeospheres, type 200 57.0 Molybdenum disulfide 3.0 100.0 In the compositions of Examples 2 and 3, the support vehicle typically includes tackifiers, wetting agents, Greases containing corrosive and anti-oxidant side (e.g. dispersions in oil, metal soaps) The composition may be suitable for use in threaded connections.

■± Bottom - standing one - to 11 - Zeeeospheres, type 200 57.0 Molybdenum disulfide 3.0 Support vehicle 40.0 Too,.

In this composition, support vehicle has the same meaning as in example 2 or 3. There will be.

Five l Koji Ukeno Ikusai Zeaosph in the lithium grease (NLGI No. 2) used in Example 1. eres, type 200 respectively 10.20.30.40.50.55.57 and 60% by weight of Sun Oil Co+wpany. The bearings were tested on a Timken tapered roller bearing in a testing machine. did. Bearings are planned to intentionally cause decomposition of the petroleum-based supporting grease. It was rotated at such high speed and temperature.

Individual tests were stopped if the bearings seize due to thermal decomposition of the grease.

The time to bake was measured and it was Compositions starting from a Zeeospheres content of 55% and ending with a Zeeospheres content of 55% showed a gradual increase during the range of . 57% and 60% Zaeospheres The time for compositions with a content of 55% Zeeeospheres was equal to the time of the composition with the rate. Observation of the bearing after this is 40% and above. In tests where compositions with Zeeeospheres content higher than showed that this did not occur in all cases.

Another test was conducted using 35% by weight Zeeospheres type X-60 and 6 A lubricant composition containing 5% by weight of lithium grease (NLGI No. 2) was used. I was told. The result was a Zeeospheres type 200 content of 55%. The results were almost the same as the results of the test using a composition with .

Additional tests were conducted on 30% by weight Zeeospheres type 200.3% by weight Molybdenum disulfide and 67% by weight lithium grease (NLGr No. 2) A lubricant composition comprising: The results showed that 50% by weight of Zeeosρhe Compositions containing res type 200 and 50% by weight lithium grease (disulfide molybdenum) The results were almost the same as the results of the test with (not containing livedane).

The last mentioned composition (with the proviso that molybdenum disulfide contains equal amounts of zinc oxide, zinc or substituted by phosphate, calcium borate, and graphite, respectively. Additional tests on compositions similar to those described above (2009) gave similar results.

extraction of cubic root Screwed ゛　　　° and 57.0% by weight Zeeospheres 200.3.0% by weight Moly disulfide Budene and 40.0% by weight of supporting vehicle (lithium with tackifier and wetting agent) (equivalent to NLGI No. 1 grease) The agent composition is used to lubricate and seal the threaded connections of the two test specimens. Here, each sample is coupled to an At1as Bradford TC coupling. Two pipes connected by a pin joint by pinpup joints)'). That cambling is , 2 and 7/8 inch outside diameter and of N-80 type steel; Grew up seals between genera. Construct and disassemble the screwed connections several times, and the construction and disassembly torques applied in each individual case over time and conversion. Recorded graphically. That configuration torque for successive configurations can be approximately the same It is clear from the graph that the lubricant composition used was effective. use, and the construction and disassembly process may damage the screws and sigilders and seals. This was confirmed by visual observation.

Fill one constituent test specimen with nitrogen gas at high pressure and place it in a water bath. The product was tested for sealability by impregnation.

15.5 hours at an internal pressure of 12.0OOpsi (840kg/cm”) After testing, the connection was found to be leak-free. Therefore, the lubricant used The composition has no negative effect on the seal on the metal-to-metal seal joint. won.

snoring In another test, a lubricant composition similar to that in Example 6 was used. , 2 and 7 sections 8 inches outside diameter, and interconnected at their ends by couplings. Lubricating the threaded connections of a test specimen consisting of two tubes of N-80 type steel and sealed it. The threaded threads of the threaded connections are non-sealable and When constructed, it had a leak path between the male and female parts. Connecting part 10 times , constructed, and dismantled. No damage to the threads was observed. The sealing property is 10,000 psi (700 kg/cm”) internal nitrogen gas pressure for 30 seconds was found by impregnating the test specimen in a water bath.

■And B Shoulder. No　°　bi Using the same type of lubricant composition as in Example 6, the API threads were rotated. Two sections of 5.5 inch drill pipe interconnected by a shoulder connection The threaded connections of the test specimen consisting of were lubricated and sealed. Concatenated several times , configured to proper torque, and damage to threads, shoulders or other parts It was dismantled several times without giving any.

In another experiment, the same connection was constructed several times to the appropriate 25% excess torque. accomplished. Again, no damage was observed.

±N Trill to Mad 88% water by weight and alkali along with thickener and wetting agent Wyoming Ventona Conventional drilling mud (South Texas and Pat. to penetrate oil and gas wells to a depth of approximately 1500 m at Ipuana. (usually suitable) is modified by the addition of Zeeeospheres type 200. Ta.

In the first experiment, 5 parts of Zeeeospheres were mixed with 100 parts of drilling mud. and the resulting composition was used for drill tests on carbonite. . A slight increase in drill depth was experienced.

In the following experiment, 10 parts of Zeeeospheres were added to 10 parts of drilling mud. 0 parts and the increase in drill depth was found to be significant.

For both experiments, the torque on the drill pipe remained at essentially the same level. It was found that the rotation speed was increased.

Furthermore, the Zeeeospheres were well turbid in the fluid.

source A composition similar to that shown in Example 6 was used in one set up at a rate of about 40 tons. Used as a lubricant for sleeve bearings needed to hold working negative parts. Ta. Its lubricant properties were satisfactory. Based on the disassembly, wear and tear was not observed.

Yuu U 57% by weight of Zeeeospheres type 200, 5% by weight of zinc phosphate and and 38% by weight aluminum composite grease (NLGr No. 2 grease, etc.) A composition comprising (2) was used as a lubricant for a furnace door hinge.

Its composition functions satisfactorily and therefore, after a long period of time, the normality of its doors It made it possible to perform various operations.

1 comparison■ Two sets of microspheres were submitted to the evaluation of polyspheres for use in lubricant compositions. The suitability of *Zeeospheres (Zeelan Indus types), type 600 and typical glass beads (3M Company ) were compared.

The glass beads used have an average particle diameter of about 50 microns and a fairly narrow size. It had a distribution of Zeeeospheres type 600 has an average grain size of approximately 10 μm. degree and a wide particle size distribution, and some particles are up to 44 μm in diameter. It had a particle size.

The microspheres are subjected to pressure and then the Sconning Electr .

Testing under Microscope (SUM) and measuring the compression limit of microspheres Got the value. Since the particle size distribution of Zeeeospheres is wide, the The load imposed would be high.

Typical regions of each type of microsphere were measured using a polished 5/16" diameter metal strip. It was prepared by placing a very thin layer of microspheres on the tab. These flats machined to a smooth surface and fitted with standard hardened tool drill pint bar stock. Polished. The layer of microspheres is diluted with regular silver paste using methylene chloride. The flat stub is covered with a very thin layer of silver paste obtained by Obtained by coating. A thin layer of silver paste is then pressed onto the microspheres and tested. A very thin layer of spheres was formed for the experiment. 5/16' diameter stub, Place it in a Parr manual press in contact with another identical stub and apply pressure. Ta. The pressure was applied very slowly at the beginning before the final maximum pressure . The force applied to the 5/16' diameter stub was 640#. outside the stub The part/32" is not affected by this force, so the total pressure applied is approx. After this applied pressure, which was 13.0OOpsi, a scan of their surface Based on observations from electron microscopy testing, the actual contact area is approximately approximately the total area of the stub. 172-115. Of course, this is a metal surface finish and relies on homogeneous contact of the microspheres.

Based on this, the pressure applied to the microspheres ranges from 25,0OOpsi to 75.0 It is calculated as being between OOpsi.

Other properties of the microspheres, such as softening point, surface energy, structure and inertness It was evaluated.

■ Glass Peas Yu group □, yo Compressive strength 30,000 60,000-100.000 (ρ, s, i) Softening point ("C) 589-704 1200 Surface energy low high Structure Amorphous Crystalline Hardness 5.57 Glass peas deform at lower temperatures than Zeeospheres, and lower Breaks down under pressure and imparts glass abrasion particles. Low surface energy of glass beads - confers low fracture resistance, and the amorphous structure of the glass also contributes to its low compression Contribute to strength.

Zeeeospheres are inert to acids and alkalis, but Speed is attacked by alkali and injected with rough, abrasive particles. give

Engraving (no changes to the content) abstract The lubricant composition is hard, abrasive and fracture resistant, thermally stable and chemically inert. at least 0.1% by weight of substantially spherical particles of a material and a supporting vehicle. % by weight. The particles are preferably silica-alumina ceramic of the material and preferably has an average diameter of 250 μm or less. Slippery The agent is suitable for most uses.

Translation submission form for correction costs (Article 184-8 of the Patent Act) November 16, 1992

Claims (15)

[Claims] 1. Substance of hard, abrasion- and fracture-resistant, thermally stable and chemically inert material at least 0.1% by weight of spherical particles and at most 99.9% by weight of the supporting vehicle A lubricant composition comprising %. 2. The spherical particles have an average diameter of 250 μm or less, preferably 100 μm or less. The lubricant composition according to claim 1. 3. Claim 1 or 2, wherein said particles are from a silica-alumina ceramic. is the lubricant composition according to item 2. 4. The lubricant composition of claim 1, wherein said particles are thick-walled hollow spheres. 5. The particles have an average particle diameter of about 1 to 60 microns, about 2 to 2.5 g/cm specific gravity, a specific surface area of about 1.4 to 1.6 m2/cm3, and a Mohs hardness of about 6.5 to 8. The lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which has a 6. The support vehicle is a petroleum-based, organic-based or silicone-based vehicle. The lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5. 7. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the support vehicle is a lubricating oil or a lubricating grease. Lubricant composition. 8. About 50-60% by weight of spherical particles and about 40-50% by weight of lubricating oil or lubricating grease. The lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising %. 9. further comprising at least 0.1% by weight of particles of at least one additional lubricant material. The lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising: 10. The additional lubricant material may be molybdenum disulfide, graphite, talc, or The lubricant composition according to claim 9, wherein the lubricant composition is selected from mosquitoes and fatty acid esters. 11. about 45-59% by weight of said spherical particles of at least one additional lubricant material. and about 40-50% by weight of the support vehicle. The lubricant composition according to item 9 or 10. 12. Lubricates bearings, threaded connections and rotating shoulder connections Claims No. 1 for lubricating structures and mining equipment. Use of the lubricant composition according to any one of items 1 to 11. 13. As a lubricant or cooling fluid in metal working operations or as a drilling fluid or machining fluid. Use of the lubricant composition according to claim 1 as a lubricant composition. 14. The support vehicle comprises a water-based material or a material suitable for drilling fluid or mud. The lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is an oil-based vehicle. 15. adapted for use as a drilling fluid or drilling mud; and At least 5 parts by weight of spherical particles for drilling fluid or mud and supporting water base material 15. The lubricant composition of claim 14 comprising up to 95 parts by weight vehicle.