JPH05506567A - Tobacco feeding system for cigarette making machines - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

Tobacco feeding system for cigarette making machines

【Technical field】

The present invention provides continuous air-permeable vacuum suction on a moving air-permeable suction mat in a cigarette making machine. from cut and unopened tobacco raw materials for producing tobacco fillings. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for supplying and conditioning tobacco particles.

[Background technology]

In cigarette manufacturing, tobacco is generally passed through numerous cigarette making machines. The cigarette making machine is supplied with air from a central tobacco storage device feeding the cigarette making machine. being transported. This tobacco feeding system typically consists of a central tobacco storage device. It includes a tobacco dispensing device that is part of the means for supplying tobacco particles into a conveying air stream, the stream comprising tobacco particles; A device that transports co-particles to a hopper device connected to a cigarette manufacturing machine. It is. This delivery device typically operates under vacuum. through the vacuum distribution pipe A central fan that acts as a vacuum source is typically the vacuum source. present in the delivery device The subatmospheric pressure that exists in the hopper of conventional cigarette manufacturing machinery Air volume must be used to isolate it from ambient atmospheric pressure. Taba from energy is discharged into a hopper device. Traditional hoppers typically contain tobacco storage areas as well as preweighing, weighing and release equipment. the latter involves these tobacco particles being carried by the air stream and - Tobacco in a wide thin stream of separated tobacco particles before being conveyed to a permeable suction zone I'm making adjustments. Air-permeable vacuum cut from a continuous tobacco layer on a suction mat Surplus tobacco is mechanically returned to the hopper for transport. Tobacco is fed into a cigarette machine either intermittently or continuously. Intermittent tobacco delivery is the most common practice. Each sending period This fills the discharge device which acts as an air volume. The hopper device requires cigarettes. When desired, the ejection device then ejects a batch of tobacco. In continuous tobacco feeding, a rotary air force or a hopper device continuously feeds tobacco. into the air at a rate controlled by a hopper device. At the location of the rotary air mass device The hopper device receives tobacco grains at ambient atmospheric pressure or from a delivery device. operated at subatmospheric pressures present in the air stream separated from the air flow. the latter In applications, it becomes an integral part of the hopper equipment or feed system. However, to eliminate the need for volume in each cigarette making machine, The present invention relates more particularly to such a system. It is something.

[Disclosure of the invention]

Operate the hopper under vacuum and set up a closed circulating air flow so that the hopper by transporting tobacco particles from the feeder or cigarette to the suction zone. The idea is to eliminate the need for such volume without a major redesign of tobacco manufacturing machinery. It has been found that the closed air flow can eliminate leakage in the closed circulation air flow. It is only connected with the hopper for air flow. According to the invention, pre-opened and pre-weighed tobacco particles are The tobacco is conveyed from the dispensing device to the hopper device in an air stream, and the pre-weighed and unloads the pre-opened tobacco particles from the first air stream; Weigh and open the unsupported tobacco particles, and producing a continuous brill of separated tobacco particles; and adding the separated tobacco particles to the continuous buffet. through a passageway into a second air stream, and removal of the second air stream causes the paper wrapper to Air permeation for producing a layer of tobacco particles for feeding into the tobacco rod producing means of a tobacco manufacturing machine from carrying and transporting the loaded tobacco particles towards the sexual attraction zone. A method for supplying tobacco to a cigarette making machine comprising: generated by operation of a first fan in a discharge airflow system, and said second airflow is tightly controlled. generated by the operation of a second fan in a closed airflow system, where the hopper device is being operated at the pressure existing at that location in the airflow system; and the open and closed airflow systems are connected only by the passageway. so that the pressure at the point of connection with the airflow system in the passage is equal to that in the airflow system. The airflow through the passageway between the airflow systems is substantially equal to the pressure at the points A method is provided characterized in that it is limited to leakage of the closed system. The present invention also provides a first method of introducing pre-opened and pre-weighed tobacco particles into the first a tobacco delivery device for loading the tobacco particles into an air stream; a tobacco delivery device for receiving the loaded tobacco particles; a second tube for transporting the supported tobacco particles in a downward flow of the second tube; an inlet means for receiving the fluids from the stream and for rendering them unloaded from the stream; a hopper device having containment means at the entrance to the hopper device, said carried means for further metering and opening the unseparated tobacco particles; a second tube for receiving and carrying co-particles in a second air stream; particles from the second air stream and transfer them to the tobacco rod of the cigarette making machine. Air-permeable suction zone device for production in tobacco layers for conveyance to production means for feeding tobacco containing an air-permeable suction zone into a cigarette making machine. In a first apparatus, the first air flow is operated in a free air flow system. the second air flow generated by a fan and operated in a first closed air system; that the hopper device further applies it. kept at a pressure below the atmospheric pressure existing at that location in the open airflow system including a cover for a hopper apparatus, where the closed airflow system alone with the release airflow system at the point of entry of tobacco particles from the upper device. Having a pressure equalizing connection, caused by leaks in the closed air flow system. Passing additional airflow to be strained through the pressure equalizing connection and into the hopper device. and the closed airflow system pulls the released air by the first fan. It also relates to a device characterized in that it is operated within the environment of a flow system. Ru. The present invention eliminates the need for volume in each cigarette making machine, and It also provides the following advantages; a first cavity for conveying tobacco particles from the delivery device through the second pipe to the hopper device; The airflow and separated tobacco particles are conveyed through the second tube to the air-permeable suction zone. The hopper device is made of cigarettes because the second air stream Conventional discontinuous type capable of supplying enough tobacco for continuous operation of manufacturing machinery Or it can be coupled without modification with a continuous delivery device. The two main functions of traditional air mass are: the subatmospheric pressure present in the system; pressure from atmospheric pressure and the separation of tobacco from the transport air. and are continuously moving air in cooperation with the vacuum existing in the suction conveyor device. This is realized by a tobacco layer with an air-permeable suction band. It functions as a warehouse of power. The weight of tobacco per filling of the hopper is Vary from 0 (continuous system) to hopper tobacco capacity (discontinuous system) be able to. In most cases, this feature makes it possible to change the diameter of the tobacco conveying tube. Providing high performance cigarette making machinery using currently available feeding systems without payment will be possible. The hopper equipment is a modification to existing stem removal and tobacco layer production systems. Any type of cigarette using an air-permeable suction strip for the production of a tobacco layer. It can also be connected to co-manufacturing machines. The fudon used for these operations is , established in the hopper apparatus instead of being operated at ambient atmospheric pressure as in this implementation. Operated under pressure conditions. The pressure head of the fan is determined by the pressure conditions in the surrounding environment. , so their settings and operations remain unaffected. In a preferred arrangement, a hopper with a closed air flow system containing a second tube and suction zone The pressure equalization connection between the and inside it is separated from the stalk and heavy particles or tobacco particles. Further features of the invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings. Probably.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is partially cut away and partially removed for clarity. 1 is a schematic front view of a first embodiment of a system according to the invention; FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. Figure 3 is partly in section and partly removed for clarity. FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of a second embodiment of the system according to the invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic vertical sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is a fragmentary vertical transverse cross-sectional detail taken along line B-B. Figure 6 is partially cut away and partially removed for clarity. FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of a third embodiment of the system according to the invention; 7 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 6. FIG. FIG. 8 is a fragmentary transverse vertical cross-sectional detail taken along line B-B. FIG. 9 is a fragmentary lateral vertical cross-section detail taken along line C-C. Figure 10 and Figure 1 are fragmentary transverse vertical cross-sections at lines D-D and E-E. It is a detailed view. Figure 12 is partly in section and partly taken out for clarity. FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of a fourth embodiment of the system according to the invention; FIG. 13 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 12.

[Best embodiment of the present invention]

Referring to the first embodiment of Figures 1 and 2, the system includes an air-permeable suction band arrangement ff1o, a hopper arrangement coupled to a cigarette making machine (not shown separately). hopper assembly 12, and a dispensing device, where the dispensing device is not separately shown since the hopper device 12 can be coupled to any type of dispensing device. The pre-weighed and pre-released tobacco particles 14 are pneumatically conveyed in the air stream 16 through the tobacco tube 18 from the delivery device to the hopper device 12. A central fan (not shown) acting through vacuum distribution pipe 20 is the vacuum source, creating airflow 16. Tobacco particles 14 enter hopper device 12 through a downwardly curved tube 22 that opens into an area above the level of tobacco contained in tobacco metering tube 24 . Tobacco particles 14 are carried in this area of tobacco metering tube 24. will no longer be held. The flow of conveying air 16 fluidizes the top layer 26 of tobacco in the tobacco metering tube 24 before it is drawn upwardly through the screen 28. This fluidization uniformly distributes the tobacco particles 14 into the tobacco metering tube 24. A screen 28 separates tobacco particles 14 from the carrying air stream 16. The tobacco metering tube 24 is equipped with a monitoring device 30 which regulates the supply of tobacco from the dispensing device by monitoring the tobacco level. Tobacco metering tube 24 receives airborne tobacco particles 14 and is thereby pre-metered and pre-released for continuous or discontinuous supply of the appropriate amount of tobacco required for the manufacture of cigarette rods. A tobacco receptacle 32 of tobacco particles 14 is provided. cigarette meter The metering tube 24 (with a pair of counter-rotating metering trams 36 and a release tram at its lower end) The housing 34 includes a housing 38. The housing 34 is also cut off. It is also connected to a tube 40 for metering the cut tobacco, which provides a cut tobacco receptacle 42 for cut tobacco particles as best shown in FIG. are doing. The release drum 38 transfers the weighed and separated tobacco particles 14 and 44 to the moving drive. On top of the ram 46 are the amount of tobacco needed for the production of cigarette rods as best shown in FIG. The total flow rate is equal to the predetermined amount of tobacco excess allowed for tobacco particles 44. The total flow rate is regulated by a monitoring station located at the density equalization column 52. Monitoring device 1150 includes a column of photovoltaic cells, which monitors the tobacco level in the equalization column 52 and adjusts the speed of the metering drum 36 in steps according to the number of photocells not covered by tobacco. The moving drum 46 transports the separated tobacco particles 14 and 44 to remove the ferrous metal. It is conveyed through the magnet 54. Separated tobacco particles 14 and 44 are uniformly packed. At the lower end of the density equalization column 52 or the lower end thereof, a uniform density tobacco blob 56 is discharged onto the outer surface 58 of the moving drum as best shown in FIG. The outer surface 58 has a positive movement that continuously moves the tobacco loaves 56 through a passageway 64 defined between the outer surface 58, the left and right walls 66, and an arcuate shell 68 that is coaxial with the moving drum 60. It includes a plurality of radial protrusions 62 for use. The arcuate shell 68 and left and right walls 66 are part of the housing 34 of the hopper apparatus 12. The distributors of tobacco particles 14 and 44 that are beyond the depth of the tobacco bales 56 correspond to the relative positions of metering tubes 24 and 40. A take-off roller 70 removes the tobacco chores 56 from the moving drum 60 and separates them. The separated tobacco particles 14 and 44 are introduced into the exit passage 72 in an acceptable predetermined amount of tobacco and cut tobacco particles 4 required for the production of a rolled tobacco rod. discharge at a total flow rate equal to the total amount of excess tobacco stored. The total flow rate is determined by placing the cut tobacco metering tube 440 as best shown in Figure 1. This is regulated by the monitoring equipment provided. The released and separated tobacco particles 14 and 44 pass through the outlet passage 72 and the stem extractor. It passes through a scraper (not shown) into the chimney 76 and is carried in a second air stream of air 78. The chimney 76 is part of a closed airflow system 8o in which the flue A fan 82 generates a second air m78. Supported tobacco particles 14 and 44 are conveyed through chimney 76 toward air-permeable suction zone 84 for production of tobacco layer 86. The positions of tobacco particles 14 and 44 within tobacco layer 86 also correspond to the positions of metering tubes 24 and 40. The second airflow 78 is then passed through an air-permeable suction zone 84 and a tobacco layer 86, which is part of the air-permeable suction zone device 1o. into the vacuum chamber 88. Vacuum chamber 88 is divided into two sections 92 and 94 by vacuum divider 9o. The location of the divider 90 is dictated by the requirement that the amount of airflow through the top of the chimney 76 must be approximately equal to the amount of airflow drawn from the first section 92 by the second fan 82. The necessary vacuum in the second zone 94 is provided by an additional fan 96. The air-permeable zone 84 passes through the tobacco layer 86 through the tube vacuum sealer 98 as best shown in FIG. 48 and ultimately to rod making equipment (not shown). As mentioned above, the hopper device 12 uses an air to permeable suction zone for tobacco layer production. It can be connected to any type of cigarette making machine. Referring to FIG. 1, a pair of cutting discs 48 cut a predetermined amount. The removed tobacco particles are cut in collector 100. Collector 100 feeds cut tobacco particles 44 into a conveying air stream 102 created by the vacuum present in vacuum distribution tube 20 . The air stream 102 cuts off the cut tobacco particles 44. The cut tobacco is conveyed through the tube 104 into the separation chamber 106, where the cut tobacco is transported through the tube 104 into the separation chamber 106. Vaco particles 44 are separated from air stream 102 by screen 108 . The vacuum sensor 112 located in the separation chamber 106 detects the cut-out tobacco conveying system: unacceptably high pressures beyond the screen 108 with regard to possible destruction of the tobacco; Monitoring for high leakage Ru. Rotary air mass 110 discharges cut tobacco particles 44 into cut tobacco metering tube 40 adjacent tobacco metering tube 24 . Tube 114 maintains the pressure in both metering tubes 24 and 40 at the same level. Clipping from Tobacco @86 The required amount of cut tobacco particles 44 cut by the cutting disc 48 can be set. The width of the cut tobacco metering tube 40 is adjustable in order to allow the tobacco to be cut out. Monitoring device 174 then adjusts the amount of cut tobacco particles 44 to the required amount by monitoring the tobacco level in cut tobacco metering tube 4o. 1 and 2, the rate of conveyance through the tobacco tube 18 connecting the delivery device to the hopper device 12 increases as the pressure drop across the partially opened helical valve 116 increases. more regulated. The conveyance rate in the cut tobacco tube 104 is regulated by a pressure drop across a partially open helical valve 118 located in the tube 120 connecting the separation chamber 106 to the vacuum distribution line 20. There is. The air pipes 122 and 124 or the upper part of the hopper apparatus 12 are connected to the lower part thereof and the pressure in these areas is kept at the same level, since the receivers 32 and 42 of the tobacco particles 14 and 44 act as a barrier. There is. They divert additional airflow due to leaks in the closed airflow system into the closed airflow system 8o or the lower part of the hopper arrangement 12 into the upper part of the hopper arrangement 12 and from there pulled by the central fan. If for any reason tobacco particles emitted from the tobacco delivery device clog the entrance to the tobacco tube 18, the conveying air flow 16 is interrupted and the partially opened helical valve 116 is closed. The pressure loss in the hopper device 12 is eliminated. This will result in an increase in pressure below the natural atmospheric pressure. To prevent this from happening suddenly To do this, a vacuum sensor 126 located at the top of the hopper apparatus 12 closes the spiral valve 116 and opens a spiral valve 128 located at the air line 130 to open the hopper. The sub-atmospheric pressure in the upper device 12 is brought to ambient atmospheric pressure. Referring to FIG. 1, an additional valve 132 is required to fill the empty cut tobacco metering tube 40 with tobacco. A two-way valve 132 inserted into the cut tobacco tube 104 and tube 134 allows the system to measure cut tobacco. The volume tube 40 can be filled from an open source of tobacco 136. Referring to the second embodiment of Figures 3.4 and 5, the system includes an additional enclosed airflow system. 1 and 2 except that the system is added to the feed system. The system is the same as the one currently used. This system allows the traditional order of hopper operations to be modified to provide the following additional benefits: The additional tobacco conveying tube allows for the removal roller to be placed in close proximity to the air-permeable suction zone, resulting in better tobacco layer height flattening during tobacco layer production. Equalization will be obtained. There is no stem removal operation and the air transport distance is minimized. The production of the tobacco layer actually takes place by positive mechanical movement of the tobacco particles from a moving drum on an air-permeable suction carpet. Because heavy tobacco particles (stem) and non-ferrous foreign particles are separated from the tobacco particles before they reach the tobacco column, Damage to components is excluded. This system consists of a tobacco density equalization column, a moving drum and a take-off roller. Column equipment containing tied together. The additional tobacco conveying tube allows hopper devices with one standard width to supply tobacco to a line of cigarette making machines with different widths of the devices. The same force resulting from compressed air velocity is applied to a landing tab of proportionally smaller mass. Because the co-particles are adjusted, the assembly of the tobacco layer over a relatively long distance is controlled by the tobacco. This will improve co-particle control. Assembly over a relatively long distance also improves tobacco height averaging. Both improvements ultimately result in improved tobacco height consistency. The improved height constancy reduces the amount of excess tobacco allocated for cutting, thus reducing the amount of tobacco cut and recirculation of cut tobacco. Tobacco savings can be realized because the deterioration caused by the ring is reduced. This system not only reduces the height of the cigarette making machine, but also All parts of the system and hopper equipment are easily accessible, which simplifies maintenance. 3 and 4, the system includes a cigarette making machine (not shown separately). includes an air-permeable suction zone device 200 and a column device 2゜2 connected to an air-permeable suction zone device 200 and a column device 2゜2, a hopper device 204, and a delivery device not otherwise shown, since the hopper device 204 may be of any type. This is because it can also be connected to a delivery device. As in the embodiment described above and illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, a metering tube 206 receives pneumatically borne tobacco particles 208 from a delivery device and thereby receives the appropriate amount of tobacco particles necessary for the manufacture of cigarette rods. It is connected to a tobacco receiver 2 of pre-metered and pre-released tobacco particles 208 for continuous or discontinuous supply of quantities of tobacco. The housing 212 is also connected to a cut-out taper metering tube 218, which connects the cut-out taper tube 218 as best shown in FIG. A tobacco receptacle 220 with tobacco particles 222 cut out is provided. A release drum 216 receives weighed and separated tobacco grains as best shown in FIG. children 208 and 222 are placed on moving drum 224 as required for the production of cigarette rods. Depending on the amount of tobacco required and the pair of cutting discs 226 in the suction strip device 200. The cut tobacco 222 to be cut is poured at a total flow rate equal to an acceptable predetermined excess amount. The total flow rate is It is regulated by a monitoring device 228 located at the intensity equalization column 230. Monitoring device 228 monitors and meters the tobacco level in equalization column 230. It includes photocells that step the speed of the dosing drum 214 according to the number of photocells not covered by tobacco. The moving drum 224 removes the ferrous metal from the separated tobacco particles 208 and 222. It is carried through the magnet 232 to be removed. From the moving drum 224, separated tobacco particles 208 and 222 are poured onto a belt conveyor 234, which are moved toward the stem extractor 236 at a constant speed. Belt conveyor 234 includes positive transfer of tobacco particles 208 and 222 to stalk removal device 236. Equipped with a rubber contoured coating to ensure movement. A stem extractor 236, which is part of a closed airflow system 238, is connected to the air chamber 230. 242 and a flotation chamber 244. The air chamber 240 is connected by a tube 248 at the outlet of the fan 246. At the outlet of the air chamber 240, there is a line of adjacent air chambers 240 for laterally discharging air. The angle at which the airflow is reflected can be adjusted by a valve 252 and is reflected around a reflective roller 254 in a rectangular tube 256 of Tough particles 208 of a desired size range. Heavy tobacco particles (stalks) and non-ferrous foreign particles are not reflected into tube 256 and are suspended in the air in suspension chamber 244. Obstructed by airflow. A fan 246 creates an airflow 262 that passes through the flotation chamber 244 . The speed of airflow 260 can be adjusted by valve 262. Therefore, the amount of stems removed can be set to the desired level. The extracted stems are then removed from the floating chamber 244 by a screw conveyor 264. The amount of air flow sets the velocity of air flow 272 in rectangular tube 256 to the required level. divided into Tobacco particles 208 and 222 are then drawn through this tube 2 and airflow 272 is drawn through screen 278 and tube 280 into the inlet of fan 246, which is part of closed airflow system 238. The centrifugal force acting on the tobacco particles 208 and 222 as they pass through the bent rectangular tube 276 causes the tobacco particles 208 and 222 to move across the width of the density equalization column 230 as best shown in FIGS. Spread the spray evenly. At the entrance into the rectangular tube 256, the closed air flow system 238 is connected to the environment of the hopper apparatus 204, so that the pressure at this point in the closed air flow system 238 is present in the hopper apparatus 204. It will be equal to the pressure. and a plurality of radial projections 288 for positive movement of the villi 282 moving continuously through a passageway 290 defined between the right side wall 292 and an arcuate shell 294 coaxial with the moving drum 286. Contains. The arcuate shell 294 and left and right walls 292 are part of a cigarette machine frame as best shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. The position of the tobacco particles within the tobacco chorion 282 can be varied; This corresponds to the arrangement of tube 274. A pick-up roller 296 picks up the tobacco chores 282 from the moving drum 286 and transfers the separated tobacco particles 208 and 222 into a very short chimney along a second arcuate shell 298 that is coaxial with the pick-up roller 296. , at a total rate equal to the amount of tobacco required for the manufacture of the cigarette rod and a predetermined excess amount of tobacco that allows removal of cut tobacco particles 222. As in the system described above, a monitoring device 302 adjusts the total flow rate to a predetermined level by monitoring the tobacco level in the cut tobacco metering tube 218, as best shown in FIG. are doing. The area where the second arcuate shell 298 projects tangentially into the wall of the chimney 300 is It includes a series of vertically angled slots 304 defining several air passageways. The slot 304 connecting the air chamber 306 to the chimney 300 can be sloped in the direction of movement of the tobacco layer 308. Chimney 300 and air chamber 306 are part of an enclosed airflow system 310 in which a fan 312 creates airflow 314. To achieve this, the slots 304 will emit a plurality of directed air streams 316 that will reflect the tobacco particles 208 and 222 in the direction of movement of the tobacco layer 308. The reflected tobacco particles 208 and 222 are then carried into the air stream 316. and transported toward air-permeable suction zone 318 for the production of tobacco layer 308. It will be done. The position of tobacco particles 222 within tobacco layer 308 is similar to that in tobacco chorion 282. This corresponds to the location of Air stream 316 is then drawn through air-permeable suction zone 318 and tobacco layer 308 into vacuum chamber 320 that is part of air-permeable suction zone device 200 . The vacuum chamber 320 is divided into two zones 324 and 324 by a divider 322. and 326. The location of divider 322 is determined by the condition that the amount of airflow in the top of chimney 300 is approximately equal to the amount of airflow pulled from first section 324 by fan 312 . At the entrance into the chimney 300, the closed air flow system 310 is connected to the environment of the column apparatus 202, so that the pressure at that point in the closed air flow system 310 is equal to the pressure existing in the column apparatus 202. It will be. Since the tobacco in the density equalization column 230 acts as a barrier, the upper part of the tube 328 or column apparatus 202 is connected to its lower part and the pressure in these areas is maintained at the same level. ing. It also here diverts additional airflow due to leakage from the bottom of the closed airflow system 310 or column apparatus 202 to the top of it and from there to the air flow. A closed air flow system 238 is diverted by a tube 246 . These skies from there Airflow is now diverted through tubes 330 and 332 into the upper part of hopper apparatus 204, together with the closed airflow 238 or additional airflow due to leakage into the lower part of hopper apparatus 204, and then into the upper part of hopper apparatus 204. Pulled by a central fan. As in the system described above, the conveyance rate in the tobacco tube 334 connecting the delivery device to the hopper device 204 is regulated by the pressure drop across the partially open helical valve 336. If for any reason tobacco particles 208 clog the entrance to tobacco tube 332, a vacuum sensor 338 located in the top of hopper device 204 closes spiral valve 336 and closes spiral valve 340. It is opened to bring the subatmospheric pressure in the hopper apparatus 204 to ambient atmospheric pressure as best shown in FIG. The necessary vacuum in the second section 326 of the vacuum chamber 320 is provided by an additional fan 342. An air-permeable suction zone 318, best shown in FIG. 3, conveys the tobacco layer 308 through a tube vacuum sealer 344 to a pair of cut-off discs 226 and finally to a bar making device (not shown). transport. The handling of the cut tobacco particles 222 and the regulation of the velocity within the cut tobacco tube are the same as in FIGS. 1 and 2. If for any reason tobacco particles 208 or 222 clog the entrances to tobacco tube 274, one of the tobacco sensors 344 located at these entrances will stop metering drum 214 and moving drum 286. best shown in Figure 5. This prevents clogging of the rectangular tube 276 as shown in FIG. Referring to the third embodiment shown in Figure 6-11, this system is similar to that described in Figure 3-5 except that it allows for varying the tobacco feed rate to the suction zone along the chimney. and is identical to the previous system shown. This system is It has the following advantages. The fairly high feed rate of tobacco to the suction zone at the beginning of tobacco layer production allows economical use of the available vacuum, while the fairly low distribution rate of well-separated tobacco particles during the final stages of the tobacco layer assembly This will further improve the consistency of the layer. This will result in tobacco savings due to reduced tobacco spoilage since relatively less tobacco is cut. A significantly lower tobacco supply during the final stages of tobacco layer production due to the same force or significantly lower mass of landing tobacco particles due to speed and pressure drop across the layer. The feed rate increases the speed of the suction zone without affecting the properties of the tobacco layer. Increased manufacturing speed results in savings in manufacturing costs. The performance of the hopper can be comparable to commonly operated hoppers with greatly increased width. Practical design limits for existing hopper widths and true in suction conveyors This aspect is limited by the nature of existing hoppers, as there are always practical limits to emptyness. A solution for increasing performance can be provided. The system includes an air-permeable suction zone device 400 and a column device 402, a hopper device 404, and a delivery device coupled to a cigarette making machine (not separately shown), where the hopper device 404 Which type of shipping It is not shown separately because it can be connected to an ejection device. In the system shown and described in Figures 1-2 and 3-5, the A volume tube 406 receives airborne tobacco particles 408 from a delivery device, and thereby providing a tobacco receiver 410 of pre-metered and pre-released tobacco particles 408 for continuous or discontinuous supply of the appropriate amount of tobacco required for the manufacture of cigarette rods. The metering tube 406 is connected at its lower end to a housing 412 containing a pair of counter-rotating metering trams 414 and a release drum 416. The housing 412 also includes a cut-out tobacco metering tube 418. is also connected, which is a tab cut out as best shown in Figure 6. A tobacco receptacle 420 with cut out particles is provided. The release drum 416 transfers the weighed and separated tobacco particles 408 and 422 onto a belt conveyor 424 in a predetermined amount of tobacco to allow for the cutting of the 7713 particles 422 and the amount of tobacco required for the production of cigarette rods. Total flow equal to E1<k excess amount Pour quickly. The flow rate is regulated by a monitoring device 426 located in the first density equalization column 428 in the column assembly 402. The monitoring device 426 is a photocell color. 428, which monitors the tuff level in the first density equalizing force ram 428 and stages according to the number of photovoltaic cells not covered by tobacco, as best shown in FIGS. 9 and 11. The speed of the metering drum 414 is adjusted accordingly. Referring to FIGS. 8-11, stalk-free tobacco particles 408 and 422 are carried by an air stream 430 and conveyed through a rectangular tube 432 at the top of which the stream of tobacco particles 408 and 422 is most clearly shown in FIG. As best shown, it is evenly divided into a set of tubes 434 of annular cross section. Tobacco particles 408 and 422 are then conveyed through this coarse tube 434 and are passed through a first density equalizing force ram 428 and a second density equalizing force ram 428. It enters the column apparatus through a set of downwardly curved rectangular tubes 436 in two zones above the level of the tobacco contained in the equalization column 438. Tobacco particles 408 and 422 are loaded in these areas of columns 428 and 438. not present. Airflow 430 is drawn through screen 440 and tube 442 into the inlet of fan 444, which forms part of a closed airflow system 446. The distance acting on tobacco particles 408 and 422 as they pass through curved tube 436 The force of the mind will spread the pour of tobacco particles 408 and 422 evenly across the width of the density equalization columns 428 and 438 as best shown in FIGS. 7 and 9. Density equalization columns 428 and 438 discharge tobacco particles 408 and 422 at their lower ends to produce two tobacco blobs 448 and 450 of uniform density on the outer surfaces of two coaxially moving drums 452 and 454. do. 2 coaxial Dispensing rollers 456 and 458 move tobacco chores 448 and 450 from drums 452 and 454 along arcuate walls 460 and 462 into chimney 464 to remove tobacco in amounts and cuttings required for the production of cigarette rods. 42 2 at a total flow rate equal to the predetermined excess amount allowed. As shown and noted in FIGS. 1 and 2, as best shown in FIG. 6, by monitoring the tobacco level in the cut tobacco metering tube 418! 466 Then adjust the flow rate to the required level. The speeds of moving drums 452 and 454 are different and proportional to the required intensity of tobacco supply to air-permeable suction zone 40. Tobacco particles 408 and 422 are then carried in air stream 468 and conveyed through chimney 464 toward air-permeable suction zone 470 for the production of tobacco layer 472. Airflow 468 is generated by a fan 474 that is part of an enclosed airflow system 476. One grain of tano in the carpets 450 and 448 and in the tobacco layer 472 The position of child 422 can also be changed, and is best shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. This corresponds to the positional arrangement of tube 434 as shown. The exit flow rate of tobacco particles 408 and 422 from second density equalization column 438 is also regulated by monitoring device 478 . A monitoring device 478 monitors the tobacco level in the second density equalization column 438 and according to the number of photocells not covered by tobacco. Increase or decrease the speed of moving drum 454 in relation to moving drum 452 in small steps. Contains a column of photovoltaic cells that reduce the Take-off rollers 456 and 458 are used during the final stage or during the tobacco layer assembly as best shown in FIGS. 10 and 11. It also has another driving force that allows for different tobacco release properties of tobacco particles 408 and 422 at the beginning of dressing. If for any reason tobacco particles 408 or 422 clog the entrance into stalk removal device 480, the tobacco sensor 482 or metering drum 414 and cigarettes are removed, as best shown in FIG. Stop manufacturing machinery. The air-permeable suction band device 400, stalk separation, and handling of cut tobacco particles 422 are conceptually similar to those previously described and shown in FIGS. 3-5. It is one. The process for adjusting the air-transport velocity of tobacco particles 408 and 422 is shown in FIG. and 2 as shown and described. Referring to the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, this includes the adjustment of a predetermined tobacco excess amount to allow cut tobacco to be removed by cutting or omitting the cut tobacco and the cut tobacco to be removed by the belt conveyor. is identical to the previous embodiment shown in Figures 6-11, except that it is spread uniformly over the width of . As in the embodiments shown and described above in FIGS. 6-11, this embodiment includes an air-permeable suction zone device (not shown), a column device (not shown), a hot hopper device 5001 and a dispensing device, where the hopper device 500 is not shown separately as it can be coupled to any type of dispensing device. The hopper apparatus in this embodiment includes only one metering tube 502, which receives airborne tobacco particles 504 and thereby provides continuous or partial control of the appropriate amount of tobacco required for the production of cigarette rods. Provides a tobacco receiver 506 for continuous feeding. are doing. Meter tube 502 has a pair of counter-rotating metering dowels at its lower end. It is connected to a housing containing a ram 510 and a release drum 512. The release drum 512 transfers the weighed and separated tobacco particles 504 to a belt controller. The tobacco is spread onto the bear 514 at a flow rate equal to the amount of tobacco required for the production of cigarette rods, as best shown in FIG. As in the system described above, the flow rate is monitored by a monitoring device (not shown) placed on the first density equalization force ram (not shown). (not available). In addition to tobacco particles 504, conveyor belt 514 also conveys cut tobacco particles 516. The vibrating conveyor 518 is cut out. Tobacco particles 516 that have been removed are transferred to tobacco particles that have been cut by passing over the conveyor belt 514. such as a predetermined amount of tobacco excess that allows child 516 to be cut. Pour evenly at the correct flow rate. A belt conveyor 514 transfers tobacco particles 504 and 516 into a stalking device 520 in the amount and cut required for the production of cigarette rods. equal to a predetermined excess amount to allow for tobacco 516 to be removed by picking. Pour at the new total flow rate. As in the system described above, the non-stalked particles 504 and 516 are transported in an air stream 522 through a rectangular tube 524 and tube set (not shown) into a column apparatus (not shown). Ru. Tobacco particles 504 and 516 are discharged from the column apparatus at a total flow rate equal to the amount required for the production of cigarette rods and a predetermined excess amount to allow tobacco 516 to be removed by cutting. The flow rate can be set manually or it can monitor the weight of the finished cigarette rod. It can also be adjusted by a viewing device (not shown). As in the system shown and described in Figures 1 and 2, the cut tabs The co-particles 516 are pneumatically transported in an air stream 524 through a tube 526 into a separation chamber 528. where they are separated from airflow 526 by screen 530. From the separation chamber 528, the cut tobacco particles 516 are discharged into the rotating air volume 532. Vacuum sensor 534 located in separation chamber 528 or possible cigarette blockage Regarding the unacceptably high pressure drop across the screen 530, and regarding the unacceptably high leakage in the rotating air mass 532, the monitoring of tobacco transport systems. The rotating air mass 532 discharges the cut tobacco particles 516 onto the vibrating conveyor 518, which pours the cut tobacco excess 516 onto the belt conveyor 514 as described above. The process for adjusting the air-transport velocity of tobacco particles 504 and 5]6 is shown in FIG. and 2 as shown and described. The air-permeable suction zone device (not shown) and column device (not shown) may be the same as shown and described in FIGS. 6-11. stem separator Location 520 may be the same as shown and described in FIGS. 3-5. Cut The removed tobacco particles 516 are now evenly distributed within the tobacco layer (not shown). It should be noted that it is clothed. In a simple variation of the fourth aspect of the invention, the cut tobacco particles are spread directly across the width of the second density equalization column. This variant uses cut tobacco grains This has the advantage of reducing deterioration of the cut tobacco particles by bypassing the weighing, handling and stalking operations. Monitoring of tobacco levels in the first and second density equalization columns and subsequent evaluation of each tobacco level movement was performed using It can be used as a feed-reverse signal to adjust the amount of water to the required amount. The cut tobacco particles are uniformly distributed only in the part of the tobacco layer cross section that is adjacent to the air-permeable suction zone. It should be noted that the hopper device can be operated permanently under atmospheric pressure. In this arrangement, the supply of tobacco is discharged continuously or discontinuously through an air volume into the hopper device, or the required amount of tobacco is manually discharged directly into the hopper. Served. Although illustrative embodiments of the invention have been described, it will be appreciated that they may in many cases be interchanged if alternative techniques are disclosed that serve a given function.

[Industrial use]

The operation of the above device is summarized here. Referring to the embodiments in FIGS. 1-2, under normal manufacturing conditions, the spiral valve 116.118 and 132 are open and spiral valve 128 is closed. Tano (Ko supply) If the system or tobacco is to be continuously dispensed into a cigarette making machine, the screw Valve 116 is open. The vacuum force created by the central fan (not shown) An air stream 16 is generated into which air is discharged from a delivery device (0 not shown). Tobacco particles 14 are supported and passed through the tobacco pipe 18 to the Hosonokoo device 12. In the evening of 12:00, the sample is transported into the measuring tube 24. The release rate of the tobacco particles 14 is monitored by the monitoring device 2. It is adjusted from 01. As a result, the tobacco level in the tobacco measuring tube 24 is fluctuations around a predetermined level. Tobacco system rolls up Tanokufu In the case of discontinuous dispensing in the tobacco manufacturing machine, the tobacco in the tobacco measuring tube 24 is The monitoring device 30 sends a signal when the water level drops to a predetermined level. Send to the logic unit (not shown) of the Tanokuko sending device. cigarette dispenser position for multiple dispensing purposes (when available, the logic device simultaneously activates the screw valve 116). opens, closes the helical valve 128 and opens the release of tobacco particles 14 into the air stream 16. the flow transports them through the tobacco tube 18 and into the tobacco metering tube 24. let When the allotted dispensing time has elapsed, the logic device first releases tobacco particles 14. and after a suitable purification interval (tobacco particles 14 in the tube 1) 8 is emptied), it forces (closes the spiral valve 116 and opens the spiral valve 128). . When the pressure in the measuring tube 24 drops to the predetermined level again, the system The stem is #I ready for the next operation. From the metering tubes 24 and 40, the metered and opened tanoko particles 14 and 4 4 is poured onto a moving drum 46 and carried past a magnet 54 that removes ferrous metal. , and then fed into a density equalization column 52. Tano in density equalization column A monitoring device regulating the level of particles from pipes 24 and 40 The feed rate of is adjusted. The density equalization column 52 transfers a uniform yellow/green carpet 56. It is discharged onto a moving drum 60. The take-off roller 70 then removes the tobacco rugs 56. Separated tobacco particles 14 and 44 are transferred to exit passageway 72 and stalk extractor (shown). (not shown) into a second air stream 78. Tobacco particles 24 and and 4o control the tobacco level in the cut tobacco metering tube 40. regulated by a monitoring device 74. Tobacco particles 14 and 44 without stems passes through the chimney 76 which is part of the closed airflow system 8o to the air-permeable suction zone 8 4, the strip then smokes a layer 86 of accumulated tobacco particles 14 and 44. Pass the pair of cut-off discs 48 through the tube vacuum sealer 98 from the top of the protrusion 76. and conveyed into a rod making unit (not shown) of a cigarette making machine. The cut tobacco particles 44 are fed into the conveying air stream 102 and cut is conveyed through the D pipe 104 to the rotating air volume 110, which air volume is cut off. Weighing the cut tobacco particles 44 that are part of the hopper device 12 Discharge into tube 4o. During start-up of the cigarette making machine, the cigarette making machine closes the spiral valve 118 to the cigarette making machine. will open if it has not been opened beforehand, and the cigarette making machine will be interrupted. Tano scent return system with cut or cut cigarette jams cut out It remains permanently open until it occurs inside. Tobacco feeding system rolls cigarettes into cigarettes In the case of continuous dispensing to the tobacco manufacturing machine, the monitoring device 3o simultaneously controls the spiral valve. 116 is opened, the spiral valve 128 is closed, and the tobacco particles from the tobacco delivery device are removed. The discharge of child 14 into air stream 16 is initiated. The system is then subjected to normal manufacturing conditions. operated below. Why is the cigarette making machine including the moving parts of the hopper device 12 and the tobacco feeding system connects the tobacco to the cigarette making machine. If the monitoring device 30 is arranged for continuous dispensing, the monitoring device 30 detecting an increase in the tobacco level in 24 and discharging the conveying air stream 16 from the delivery device. The release of tobacco particles 14 therein is interrupted. After an appropriate purification interval (tobacco grains When the tobacco pipe 18 of the child 14 is emptied), the spiral valve 116 closes and the spiral valve 1 28 opens. The system is prepared for restarting the cigarette manufacturing machine. . Tobacco particles emitted from the tobacco dispensing device】1 horn for 4 reasons If the entrance to the tube 18 is clogged, the vacuum sensor 126 or the delivery device interrupting the release of tobacco particles 14 from the valve, closing the spiral valve 116 and closing the spiral valve 128. open and stop the cigarette making machine. The cigarette blockage is about to be cleared. When the system is ready for operation, the device starts the system and Start at intervals. When the interval has elapsed, the system starts the cigarette making machine. The machine is being prepared for startup. Protects the system from unacceptably high pressure drops across the screen 28 and from the atmosphere. Unacceptably high leakage of air into the hopper system 12 is caused by subatmospheric pressure in the hopper apparatus 12. It will reduce the pressure. The velocity of the conveying air stream 16 is then equal to the velocity of the tobacco particles 14. It may not reach the speed required for safe transport. Therefore, in the hopper device 12 When the vacuum decreases to a critical level, the vacuum sensor 126 or the delivery device simultaneously interrupting the release of the tobacco particles 14 and stopping the cigarette making machine. . When the purge time has elapsed, spiral valve 116 closes and spiral valve 128 opens. Reestablishing vacuum prepares the system for restarting the cigarette machine. ing. The cut tobacco particles 44 plug the entrance to the cut tobacco tube 104. vacuum sensor 112 simultaneously closes spiral valve 118 and removes the cigarette. Stop the manufacturing machinery. When the cut tobacco jam is removed, the corresponding The system is now ready to start the cigarette making machine. Unacceptably high pressure drop and rotating air volume 110 across screen 108 An unacceptably high leakage of will reduce the subatmospheric pressure in the separation chamber 106. Will. Safe conveyance of tobacco particles 44 with truncated velocity of conveying air stream 102 may not reach the speed required for the application, and therefore the vacuum in the separation chamber 106 or the critical level. Vacuum sensor 112 shuts down the cigarette machine when the vacuum decreases to . When the cigarette making machine comes to a complete stop (the cutting from the cut tobacco particles 44) When the removed tobacco tube 104 is empty), the spiral valve 118 closes. cut out When the vacuum in the cigarette return system is re-established, the system returns to Preparations are being made to restart the machine. Manually fill the empty cut tobacco metering tube 40 with tobacco. The monitoring device 74 is set to a helical valve 118 and a two-way valve 132 at the same time. open. carrying tobacco particles from a source of fresh air stream 102 or released tobacco 136; and cut them through tube 134, two-way valve 132 and tube 104. The tobacco is conveyed into a measuring tube 40. Monitoring equipment is activated when tobacco levels or nominal levels are reached. position 74 or two-way valve 132 to its normal open position, and the system The machine is being prepared for starting the cigarette making machine. Either the tobacco level in metering tubes 24 and 40 has reached the maximum level or the minimum water level has been reached. If the standard is reached, one of the corresponding monitoring devices 3o and 74 Stop manufacturing machinery. Upon re-establishing the tobacco level in metering tube 24 or 40, The system is prepared for restarting the cigarette making machine. The embodiment shown in FIGS. 3-5 performs a stem removal operation on tobacco particles 208 and 22. 2 before entering density equalization column 230 as shown in FIG. 1-2. It is operated in the same way as the mode. The stem extractor 236 is an additional closed airflow system 2. 38, the system connects the hopper device 204 to the column device 202. It is connected to. For some reason tobacco particles 208 or 222 are not present in the closed air flow system. If one of the entrances to tube 274, which is part of system 238, is clogged, the cigarette detection one of the weighing drum 214, the fan 246 and the cigarette container 334 at the same time. Stop the manufacturing machinery. The tobacco blockage is removed and the closed air flow system 23 8, the system is ready to start the cigarette machine. It is equipped. Shown in Figure 6-11! ! If the signal density equalization column 230 in FIG. 6 are replaced by two density equalization columns 428 and 438. Otherwise, it operates similarly to the embodiment shown in Figures 3-5. This arrangement allows the suction zone to The rate of tobacco feed to 470 can be varied along chimney 464. first and second density equalization columns 428 and of tobacco particles 408 and 422; The total feed rate into ram 438 determines the level of tobacco in the first density equalization force ram 428. controlled by monitoring equipment. Total release rate of tobacco particles 408 and 422 The monitoring device 4 adjusts the tobacco level in the cut tobacco metering tube 418. 66. The possibility of an imbalance in tobacco flow rates mentioned above is due to of the moving drum 452 by adjusting the tobacco level in the tobacco equalization column 438. A monitoring device 478 that increases or decreases the speed of the moving drum 454 in relation to the speed. This can be avoided. Tobacco particles 408 and 422 clog the entrance into stalk extractor 480. cigarette detector 482 or weighing drum 414 and cigarette machine. Stop the machine. When the cigarette blockage is cleared, the system will release the cigarette. Preparations are being made for starting the manufacturing machine. The embodiment shown in FIGS. 12-13 includes the monitoring device 466 shown in FIG. 6-11 except that the cut tobacco metering tube 418 is omitted. It is operated similarly to the embodiment shown in . Total tobacco particles 504 and 516 The release rate can be set manually or it can be adjusted according to the weight of the finished cigarette rod. can be adjusted by monitoring equipment (not shown). cut out The tobacco particles 516 are released from the rotating air mass 532 onto the vibrating conveyor 518. , the conveyor discharges them uniformly over the belt conveyor 514. . abstract In a system for feeding tobacco to a cigarette manufacturing machine, a suction band f The chimney (76) and the air-permeable zone (8) are removed by the fan (82) in f1 (10). 4) A closed air flow is set up in the cigarette making machine above the band (84). A tobacco layer (86) is manufactured for supplying the tobacco particles to another free air circulation. carried in this closed air stream from the hopper equipment M (12) in which the system is established. and only one air flow between the closed airflow system (80) and the open airflow system. A flow connection (72) is present through which the connection air passes to create a flow connection (72) in the closed system. Replenishing leaks. This connection must be established via a separate closed airflow system. can also be used, inside which separate tobacco particle processing takes place, and other processing steps are carried out. Additional closed airflow treatments can be coupled with open airflow systems as well. child The arrangement allows for the removal of air volumes between the various ports of the system. international search report , , , , , , , , , , , , , , N, PCT/CA 9] 1b

Claims (49)

[Claims] 1. Pre-opened and pre-weighed tobacco particles in a first air stream From the tobacco dispensing device to the hopper device, the pre-weighed and The pre-opened tobacco particles are unloaded from the first air stream and further unloaded. Weigh and open no tobacco particles, this further weighed and opened cigarette A continuous carpet of particles is produced, and the separated tobacco particles are passed from the continuous carpet into a second air stream. cigarette making machine by removing the second air stream and discharging it through a passageway into the air stream. air-permeable suction zone for producing a layer of tobacco particles for delivery to a means for producing tobacco rods; A paper wrapper comprising the former carrying and transporting the carried tobacco particles. In a method of supplying tobacco to a tobacco manufacturing machine, the first air flow is connected to a release air flow system. the second air flow is generated by operation of a first fan in the air flow system; generated by the operation of a second fan in the system, the hopper device be operated with the pressure existing at that location in the system, and that the release and a closed air flow system connected only by the passageway and a closed airflow system in the passageway. The pressure at the point of connection with the airflow system is the pressure at those points in the airflow system. The air flow through the passageway between the air flow systems is substantially equal to the closed system. The method is characterized in that it is limited to leakage of the system. 2. the passageway contains one or more separate airflow systems; A first closed airflow system and an open airflow system in a system or systems. The pressure existing at the connection points of these air streams is the pressure at those points in the air stream. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the force is substantially equal to the force. 3. Additional airflow caused by leakage into the additional airflow system or systems. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein a flow of boosted air is passed through the release airflow system. 4. Cut tobacco is processed by tacking it over a continuously moving air-permeable suction band. producing the tobacco layer and conveying it to the tobacco rod producing means of the cigarette making machine; in the method in which the unopened cut tobacco is removed from the cigarette making machine. A tobacco dispenser located at a distance from the providing a pre-opened and pre-weighed raw material of tobacco particles; Tobacco particles released from the dispenser are removed by a first fan in a free airflow system. the first air stream and the supported tobacco particles; the release from the tobacco dispenser through the first tobacco tube of the release air flow system; Closed to maintain subatmospheric pressure existing at that location in the air stream. the tobacco particles are conveyed to a tobacco receptacle of a hopper device that is The particles are unsupported and pulled from the bottom of the tobacco receiver for retention in the container. further weighed and opened, and the tobacco particles were further weighed and opened, and the tobacco particles were Conveyed into a density equalization column to produce a continuous carpet, the periphery of a moving drum The density-equalizing carpet of tobacco particles on the enclosure is removed from the density-equalizing column and rolled. and the tobacco particles are removed from the continuous carpet by the removal roller. , directing the tobacco particles into the second tube by a second fan-generating portion of the closed airflow system. in the second tube generating section of a closed airflow system for loading into the airflow generated by and discharging the second air stream and the tobacco particles into the closed air stream system. The second airflow in the closed airflow system is removed from the tobacco layer through the second tube. Air for producing a tobacco layer on the suction zone by drawing it into a second fan. It involves sequential steps of conveying towards a permeable suction zone where a closed air flow is applied. The system only allows for the path that tobacco particles follow as they pass from the open system to the closed system. coupled with an open airflow system along the channel, reducing the flow of particles in closed systems. The pressure at the point of entry is eventually increased by the pressure at the exit point of the particles in the release system. The passageway is dominated by leakage in a closed system. A method characterized in that it is adjusted to balance the required air flow. 5. Tobacco particles from the delivery device flow at the entrance to the hopper device. said claim, characterized in that it forms a bed, and no particles are carried from said bed. The method described in claim 4. 6. that the tobacco particles are conveyed into the density equalization column by a moving drum; 5. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that: 7. The ejection roller transports the tobacco particles through the stalk extractor into the second tube. and where the stalk extractor removes stalks and non-ferrous foreign particles from the tabacum. 5. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that it is separated from co-particles. 8. Additional sealed airflow is provided by an additional fan to move the tobacco particles through the stalk removal device. The tobacco particles are released into the additional air stream generated in the system. The method according to claims 4 and 5, characterized in that it is conveyed in a density equalization column. The method described in any of the following. 9. the additional air flow and the tobacco particles are divided into equal portions, and the additional sealing is conveyed through a set of tubes in an airflow system into a column apparatus, where the The ram device absorbs the pressure existing at that location in the additional closed air flow system. 9. A method as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the method is covered to protect the material. 10. Equal portions of the tobacco particles extend beyond the width of the density equalization column and into the column apparatus. 10. According to any of the preceding claims 8 and 9, characterized in that it is uniformly distributed. Method. 11. The density equalization column is divided into two chambers and the tobacco particles are Pre-measured sections of the two chambers for producing two density-equalized carpets. Claims 4 and 5, characterized in that they are uniformly distributed over their respective widths. , 8 and 9. 12. The velocities of the tobacco streams in the two chambers are different and they are characterized in that it is proportional to the pre-measured portion of tobacco particles supplied; The method according to claim 11. 13. The take-out roller collects the tobacco particles for use in forming the tobacco layer. in the second tube for loading and conveying towards the air-permeable suction zone. the tobacco particles are discharged into separate chambers of the density equalization column at two flow rates. the air-permeable suction zone, and where the velocity is equal to the width of the chamber. and each chamber is supplied with a pre-measured portion of the tobacco particles. 6. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that: 14. Excess tobacco particles are cut from the tobacco layer formed on the air-permeable suction zone. additional free airflow system by the first fan. into the air stream generated in the system, which air stream carries the cut tobacco particles. a separation chamber for separating the air from the air stream and discharging it into the rotating pneumatic lock; conveying, and wherein the rotating pneumatic lock has a subatmospheric pressure in the additional release airflow system. Apply pressure to a pre-opened and pre-metered tube from the delivery device. separation from the fluctuating pressure in the first release air stream during the discontinuous release of co-particles. 14. A method according to any one of claims 4 to 13, characterized in that: 15. The rotating pneumatic lock stores the cut tobacco particles for subsequent reprocessing. the cut tobacco is discharged into a receptacle, and where the excess particle requirement is By adjusting the width of the cut tobacco receptacle and the cut tobacco The said request is regulated by monitoring the level of tobacco in the receptacle. The method according to claim 14. 16. The position of the cut tobacco particles in the tobacco layer regulated by placing a tube that releases co-particles into the density equalizer. 16. A method according to any of claims 14 and 15, characterized in that: 17. The rotary pneumatic funnel collects the cut tobacco particles and transports them within the hopper device. across the width of the belt conveyor carrying the particles forming the carpet of the hopper device. The above-mentioned material is discharged onto a vibrating conveyor to spread it evenly. 15. The method according to claim 14. 18. The pre-weighed and pre-opened tobacco particles are delivered released from the equipment as required for the continuous operation of the cigarette manufacturing machine. supplying a quantity of tobacco, and wherein the emission of particles is caused by the accumulation of tobacco in the tobacco receptacle. Claims 4 to 5, characterized in that the level of tobacco particles is adjusted by the level of tobacco particles added. 17. The method according to any one of 17. 19. Pressure is monitored at one or more points in the airflow system and the tubes are blocked. abnormal pressure conditions caused by smoking tobacco or into the system. one or more signals for a control valve that act to reduce abnormally high leakage of atmospheric air; and where the tobacco level in the hopper device is monitored and the hopper characterized in that it generates a signal for regulating the rate of tobacco release from the , a method according to any of the preceding claims. 20. Pre-opened and pre-weighed tobacco particles in the first air stream a tobacco delivery device for receiving the held tobacco particles; a first tube for transporting said supported tobacco particles from a downward flow of said first tube; an inlet means for discharging them from said first stream; a hopper device with containing means at the entrance to the par device, said unsupported hopper device; means for further metering and opening the separated tobacco particles; a second tube for receiving and carrying the separated particles in a second air stream; receiving from the second air stream and transferring them to the tobacco rod making means of the cigarette making machine. Air for production in the tobacco layer for conveyance - air in permeable suction zone devices - Device for feeding tobacco containing a permeable suction strip to a cigarette making machine wherein the first airflow is directed to a first fan operated in an open airflow system. and the second air flow is operated in the first closed air system. The hopper device further releases the air that is generated by two fans. A hole for maintaining the sub-atmospheric pressure existing at that location in the flow system. a cover for the hopper equipment, where the closed airflow system is connected to the hopper equipment; independent pressure balance with the release air flow system at the point of entry of tobacco particles from the caused by leakage in the closed airflow system. Additional airflow is passed through the pressure equalization connection into the hopper device and into the first pulling by a fan, and the closed airflow system is replaced by the open airflow system. device characterized in that it is operated within a system environment. 21. At least one additional closed airflow system includes an open airflow system and a closed airflow system. A chain is provided between the air flow system and the pressure between the open and the first closed system. A force-balancing connection passes through at least one additional closed airflow system. 21. Device according to claim 20, characterized in that: 22. The additional airflow caused by leakage in each additional closed airflow system is directly through a pressure equalization connection into the release airflow system and into the first pulled by a fan and where each additional closed airflow system characterized in that the additional airflow is operated within the environment of the airflow system through which 22. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein: 23. The hopper device has a top entry where the first pipe from the delivery device terminates. and the pre-metered and pre-opened defined in a shroud forming a fluidization chamber in which tobacco particles are separated from the first air stream. a tobacco receptacle for advancing the tobacco particles therefrom at the required speed. two counter-rotating weighing drums below the tobacco receptacle; a release drum below the metering drum for separating the tobacco particles; Claims 20, 21 and 22, characterized in that: Device. 24. The top inlet portion of the tobacco receptacle receives the pre-metered flow of air. and the upper surface of the tobacco particles accumulated in the previously opened tobacco receptacle. The first air stream penetrates the top portion of the tobacco particles and is directed towards the tobacco particles. a downwardly flowing end of the first tube from the delivery device that is oriented for mobilization; a downwardly curved tube producing a first air stream from the tobacco particles; including a screen over the downwardly flowing end of the first tube for separation; 24. A device according to claim 23, characterized in that: 25. A bypass pipe connects the top and bottom of the hopper apparatus to reduce pressure in these areas. equalize the forces and prevent leakage in the closed air system and the lower part of the hopper device. 3. Directing the additional airflow generated by the first fan to the first fan. 25. The device according to any one of 3 and 24. 26. The drum it further releases the tobacco particles which are further weighed and separated. a moving drum that receives and equalizes the tobacco particles distributed by the moving drum; Density equalization column for producing equalized density and continuous carpets, continuous carpets a moving drum for moving the tobacco particles from the density equalization column; carrying the tobacco particles in the second air stream from the continuous carpet exiting the hopper device; ejection roller for discharging into the second tube of the closed airflow system for discharging Any one of the preceding claims 23, 24 and 25, characterized in that it also comprises: The device described. 27. The stalk removal means separates the stalk and non-ferrous foreign particles from the tobacco particles. and where the second air stream contains the stems. Air-permeation continuously moving upward through the second tube to dislodge tobacco particles The stalks and foreign particles are moved downwards for collection and removal while being conveyed to the suction zone. 27. Any one of the preceding claims 23 to 26, characterized in that it is directed through two tubes. The device described in. 28. The discharging drum of the hopper device collects the separated tobacco particles and separates them. Belt for conveying out of the hopper device and through the stalk extractor into the additional tube The additional tube releases the tobacco particles without stems onto the conveyor in an additional air stream. receiving and carrying the airflow within the additional airflow system and its a divider, column device for dividing tobacco particles carried therein into equal parts; and additional closures for conveying such parts into a set of tubes for delivery to the column apparatus. forming part of an airflow system, the column device can be supplemented by an additional closed airflow system. Specially includes a cover in the stem to maintain the pressure existing at that location. 26. A device according to any one of claims 23 to 25, characterized in that it is characterized by: 29. A stalk extractor is used to separate stalks and non-ferrous foreign particles from tobacco particles. It is placed at the exit of the hopper device for the purpose of To establish a thin carpet of tobacco particles moving at a predetermined speed. belt conveyor, which generates an air curtain through vertical slots and for reflecting said tobacco particles of a desired size range upwardly into said additional tube. an air chamber oriented transversely to the trajectory of the tobacco particles exiting the belt conveyor; Adjustment of the air flow rate in the floating chamber to obtain the required level of stem removal. a flotation chamber and a screw conveyor for collection and removal of the stems and foreign particles. 29. A device according to claim 28, characterized in that it comprises: 30. An additional closed airflow system further connects the additional closed airflow system to the additional tube. , the tubing set, and the tubing means and additions for enacting through the covering of the column apparatus. It also includes a fan, and where the additional closed airflow system has two pressure equalizers. connection to the release air flow system at the outlet from the hopper device. and the first closed air flow system at the outlet from the column apparatus. 30. The method according to any of the preceding claims 28 to 29, characterized in that it has a second connection to the stem. The device described in Crab. 31. The column device transports the tobacco particles into a top inlet chamber where the tube assembly terminates. Include a screen over the tube termination to separate it from the buffed air flow and each This tube has a cross-section ranging from annular at its entrance to rectangular at its termination. includes a downwardly curved tube where the curve changes, so The centrifugal force acting on the tobacco particles produces an oriented curtain of tobacco particles. Claims 28, 29 and 30, characterized in that: Device. 32. A bypass pipe connects the upper and lower parts of the column apparatus to reduce the pressure therein to the same amount of water. and reduce the additional airflow caused by leakage in the lower part of the column apparatus to the pressure. The additional closed airflow system is directed to the first fan through an equalization connection. of the hopper width of the pressure environment and the tubes feeding the tobacco particles to each compartment. 32. Device according to claim 31, characterized in that it operates in numbers. 33. The column device receives the curtain of tobacco particles and equalizes the curtain. a density homogenizing column for producing continuous carpets, and The tobacco particles are removed from the continuous carpet via a moving drum external to the column apparatus. a take-out roller for taking out the tobacco particles, and carrying the tobacco particles into the second air stream. a take-out roller moving into a second conduit of the first closed air stream for holding the 33. A device according to any of claims 31 and 32, characterized in that: 34. The density homogenization column is divided into two chambers, each of which is connected to the curtain. from two chambers, receiving the predetermined number of said identical portions of said tobacco particles in the form of of particles produce a continuous carpet homogenized to two densities, and in which The column device has two continuous outputs from two density homogenization chambers to two take-off rollers. two moving drums for moving the carpet and said take-off rollers for removing said tobacco particles; into a second conduit of the first sealed air stream for carrying into said second air stream 34. A device according to claim 33, characterized in that it is moved and removed. 35. The device has different proportions in the number of conduits supplying the tobacco particles to each chamber. means for setting the flow rate ratio of the tobacco particles passing through the two chambers; Different environmental velocities proportional to the ratio of the number of ducts supplying each chamber and the width of the chamber. and means for driving the two moving drums. 35. The apparatus of claim 34. 36. The first closed airflow system includes a second air chamber, wherein the second airflow system includes a second airflow chamber; The continuously moving suction strip exits through a vertically inclined slot. carrying said tobacco particles in the direction of said second tube carried and reflected tobacco particles; transporting the child upwardly onto the air permeable suction zone of the air permeable suction zone device. 23. A device according to any of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that: 37. The air-permeable suction band device connects two vacuum chambers, i.e., from the second tube to the tube. the second air flow system into the first vacuum chamber through a co-layer and an air-permeable suction zone; a first closed air flow system for collecting the tobacco layer on the suction zone by removing the tobacco layer; a first vacuum chamber operated at a pressure below atmospheric pressure set at this position in the vacuum chamber; and the tobacco on the strip is transferred from the second tube to the rod manufacturing means of the cigarette manufacturing machine. a second release airflow system adjacent the air permeable suction zone for conveying includes a second vacuum chamber, which is operated at a pressure below atmospheric pressure, which is set in The device according to any one of claims 20 to 22 and 36, characterized in that: Place. 38. The first closed air flow system connects the first closed air system to the air chamber and the first closed air flow system. two tubes, including tube means for enacting through said first vacuum chamber and said second fan; 38. A device according to claim 37, characterized in that: 39. The second release airflow system includes the second vacuum chamber and the fan. Claim 37 and above, characterized in that it includes tube means for establishing an air flow. 39. The device according to any one of 38. 40. Excess tobacco is removed from the tobacco layer produced on the continuously moving suction strip. A pair of cutting discs are placed to cut out the co-particles, and the cutting discs The removed tobacco particles are collected and carried in the air stream generated by the first fan. characterized in that an additional release airflow system collector is placed in order to 40. A device according to any of claims 20 to 39. 41. An additional release airflow system extracts the cut tobacco particles from the airflow. for continuously conveying cut tobacco particles to a separating device for separating them; A cut tobacco tube is present in this position in the second release airflow system. A subatmospheric pressure exists in the first release air flow system at this location. a rotating air lock for isolating the pressure from the 41. The method according to claim 40, characterized in that it includes tube means for tying. Device. 42. The rotating pneumatic lock collects the separated cut tobacco particles and subsequently The cut tobacco is discharged into a receptacle for reprocessing, where a common wall and separate the cut tobacco receptacle, where the wall is movable and therefore necessary. a proportion of the cut tobacco particles and where a monitoring device detects the cut tobacco particles; tobacco particles by monitoring the level of tobacco particles accumulated in a tobacco receptacle. Claim 41, characterized in that the amount of co-particles is adjusted to this required proportion. The device described in. 43. The position of the cut particles within the tobacco layer allows the tobacco particles to pass through the tobacco layer. is regulated by the arrangement of the tubes conveyed between the hopper and the air permeable zone. 43. A device according to any of the preceding claims 41 and 42, characterized in that: 44. It provides an additional source of cut tobacco, and the cut tobacco receptacle. Operable to enable filling of the collector with free tobacco from the additional source instead of the collector. 44. Any one of claims 40 to 43, characterized in that the valve comprises a two-way valve. The device described in. 45. that the hopper contains a vibrating conveyor and a belt conveyor; and the rotary pneumatic funnel discharges the separated cut tobacco particles onto a vibrating conveyor. and the vibrating conveyor spreads the particles across the width of the belt conveyor. The belt conveyor further weighs and transports the opened particles into the 42. Device according to claim 41, characterized in that it is carried in a second tube. 46. If it causes at least one additional bypass air flow tube and blockage or to open said pipe under abnormal pressure conditions caused by atmospheric pressure air immersion. 23. The method according to claim 20, further comprising means arranged The device described in any of the above. 47. the means for opening the at least one bypass pipe is regulated by a vacuum sensor; 47. The valve according to claim 46, characterized in that it is located at at least one valve in the equipment. 48. The rate of tobacco release into the hopper device is such that the rate of tobacco release into the hopper device is Claim 2, characterized in that the adjustment is made by means of sensing the level of 48. The device according to any one of 0 to 47. 49. The tobacco release rate in the column senses the level of accumulated tobacco in the column. Claims 26 and 28 characterized in that the adjustment is made by means of The device described in any of the above.