JPH05503834A - piezoelectric motor - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Piezoelectric motor field of invention The present invention relates to a piezoelectric device, and more particularly to a tape transport machine for a tape recorder. structures, input/output devices, alphanumeric printers, medical peristaltic pumps, automobiles Gears for various mechanisms such as industrial windshield wiper drive devices, glass window frame lifting devices, etc. Piezoelectric motor as a rotary motion type piezoelectric device used as a low-speed drive device without It is related to.

Forward technique It is a cylindrical element made of piezoelectric ceramic and polarized in a special way, and is a solid that vibrates torsionally. A fixed piezoelectric oscillator is provided, an electrode is provided on the end face of the piezoelectric oscillator, and a piezoelectric element is placed in line with the piezoelectric oscillator. The rotor as a driven element is rotatably attached to the free end of the rotor, and the free end is curved. A button fixed to the free end of the piezoelectric element so that it interacts with the surface of the rotor at an acute angle. A piezoelectric motor equipped with a shield is known (Last 3 published on October 12, 1965). 1 (18,3, see U.S. Pat. No. 3,211,931). Piezoelectric oscillation of this piezoelectric motor When an AC voltage is applied to the electrodes of the device, the hollow cylindrical piezoelectric element supported like a cantilever is Torsional vibration (in the circumferential direction) occurs at the free end. This vibration is caused by the ratchet pawl mechanism. is converted into unidirectional rotation of the rotor through the bushing, as is done in . The disadvantage of this known piezoelectric motor is that the piezoelectric element is free for the operation of this motor. The dimensions of the piezoelectric element (the length of the cylindrical piezoelectric element) are increased due to the need for sufficient angular movement at the end. It is to be.

In order to eliminate this drawback, a piezoelectric element in the form of a solid disk or ring with electrodes is used. This is an oscillator that generates radial vibrations within the piezoelectric element when an alternating current voltage is applied to the electrodes. A generating oscillator is used.

two coaxially mounted cylindrical elements of piezoelectrically active material, one of which has an electrode; Each is fixed to one cylindrical element made of non-piezoelectric material at an acute angle to its surface. a bushing, and the free end of the bushing is connected to the other cylindrical element of piezoelectric material. Piezoelectric motors that act on surfaces at acute angles are known (filed July 5, 1974, 1 Former Soviet Union AC No. 1278994, published on December 23, 986, Int, C1, H 02N2100). This piezoelectric motor is made of piezoelectric material and has a bumpy shape. On the surface of the cylindrical element interacting at the end, a wear-resistant element acoustically coupled to a piezoelectric element layer is applied.

When an alternating current voltage is applied to the electrodes of this latter piezoelectric element, it generates radial vibrations and This piezoelectric motor is rotated while the tsusha is interacting with the surface of the piezoelectric element. generates some torque.

The disadvantage of this piezoelectric motor is that the surface of the piezoelectric elements that interact with each other is abrasion resistant. It is necessary to add a layer of Firstly, this is due to the existence of such layers. Some of the acoustic energy of the piezoelectric element is absorbed, reducing the efficiency of the motor, and Second, when the bond of this layer to the piezoelectric element breaks, the motor will fail and become unreliable. This is because it decreases. Furthermore, when this layer wears out, the oscillator needs to be replaced. .

A stator, a rotor that exerts a mutual frictional effect on this stator having a body, and this body. a radially vibrating piezoelectric oscillator attached to the electrode. A piezoelectric element made in the shape of a disk (ring) and coaxially attached to the rotor. and at least two pieces having one end fixed to the cylindrical surface of the piezoelectric element and the other end abutting against the rotor. A piezoelectric motor with a button is known (as published on October 26, 1983). See British Patent Application No. 2118374A, In, t, CI H02N11100 ), the buttons of this piezoelectric motor are fixed to the piezoelectric element in the following two ways. .

a) Fixing directly (for example with adhesive) to the material in the groove on the periphery of the piezoelectric element.

b) It is fixed on a ring-shaped casing placed outside the piezoelectric element. Forcibly fitted or by other methods (for example, bonding the ring-shaped casing to the cylindrical side). The material of the piezoelectric element and the ring-shaped casing are tightly connected by using adhesive (adhesive). Ru. Soldering or welding the bushings to the outer surface of the ring-shaped casing or radius It sticks to the direction slot.

The disadvantage of this piezoelectric motor arises from the method of fixing the bushings to the piezoelectric element. The details are as follows.

a) the active area of the piezoelectric element by fixing the bushings directly within the material of the piezoelectric element; This will reduce the size of the area. This is done in the radial direction to install the bushing. This is because the circular portion of the piezoelectric element in which the slot is formed actually becomes a passive area.

b) Using various solders and compounds to plug the radial slots on the periphery of the piezoelectric element. Fixing the cap is a mechanically unreliable method. In addition, the material of the piezoelectric element If such materials, which naturally differ with respect to their physical properties, are Therefore, the piezoelectric element (even if it is in the form of a thin layer) can be It reduces the transmission of vibration to the shaft and improves the efficiency of the device.

C) In the operating state of the piezoelectric element, the slot of the piezoelectric element for fixing the bushing is slightly This is the cause of the narrowing rank, which causes damage to the piezoelectric element and impairs the operation of the piezoelectric motor. Reduces dynamic ability.

d) Using an outer metal ring as an intermediate element for attaching the bushings, The seams become complicated and lose credibility.

In this way, we assemble the outer ring onto the piezoelectric element by forcing it into place. When this occurs, internal stress is generated. This reduces the efficiency of the motor. This is added A portion of the electrical energy generated is dissipated by the increased resistance of the ring, and the result is As a result, energy is wasted in the form of heat, increasing the temperature of the motor's working body. follow Therefore, it matches piezoelectric ceramic not only in terms of thermal expansion coefficient but also in elasticity and flexibility. A difficult problem arises: the selection of the material for the ring.

Use adhesive, solder (or other compound) to attach the outer ring to the button. Connecting piezoelectric elements creates intermittent layers that allow vibrations to be transmitted from the piezoelectric element to the bushings. and reduce the efficiency of the equipment.

In addition, if the button is statically fixed to the piezoelectric element (or ring), one standard size can be achieved. Functional functions that allow the motor to have various characteristics (rotational speed, shaft torque, etc.) Technical capabilities become narrower. Therefore, the first object of the present invention is to provide a piezoelectric motor The goal is to improve the credibility and economy of the system and expand its functional capabilities through increased integration. Ru.

A second object of the present invention is to simplify the piezoelectric motor and reduce the size of the piezoelectric motor. There are many. UK Patent Application No. 2118374A and other cases mentioned above Other disadvantages of base piezoelectric motors are that all Since the bushing is fixed, the rotation direction of the motor is limited to one direction. Ru.

However, the Swedish patent was filed on April 5, 1982 and published on October 6, 1983. Reversible pressure disclosed in Application No. 452933, Int, C1, HO2N2100 Electric motors are known.

This motor includes two coaxially mounted piezoelectric elements with electrodes and a button. Then, fix one piezoelectric element to the stator, attach the other piezoelectric element to the output shaft, and move it. Electrical contact of the movable piezoelectric element is realized by slip rings and brushes. Ru. Bend the button on the piezoelectric element on one side and attach this button to the cylindrical intermediate rotor. interact with each other.

When an AC voltage is applied to the electrodes of a static piezoelectric element, the piezoelectric element's bump causes a This button is made by rotating the intermediate rotor and bending it in the direction of movement of the intermediate rotor. Depending on the purpose, the output shaft is rotated together with the movable piezoelectric element. movable piezoelectric element When a voltage is applied to the electrode, the static piezoelectric element receives a braking action from the button. A pusher acting on a stationary intermediate rotor generates pressure that can move with the output shaft. Rotate the electronic element in the opposite direction. When there is no voltage across both piezoelectric elements, the motor is controlled. being moved.

The disadvantage of this piezoelectric motor is that it has a second piezoelectric element and a slip ring. and an intermediate rotor, Ila is complicated. It also transmits torque. The disadvantage is that the passive group acting as a friction joint limits torque. Ru.

Therefore, a third object of the present invention is to obtain a reversible piezoelectric motor whose rotation can be reversed.

Disclosure of invention If the first object of the present invention is achieved, the bushing can be detachably connected to the piezoelectric element. improve motor reliability (actuation capability), economy (efficiency), and improve integration. This makes it possible to provide a piezoelectric motor with expanded functional capabilities.

a stator, a rotor that exerts a mutual frictional effect on the stator having a body, and the body; a piezoelectric oscillator that is attached to the rotor and generates radial vibration; a piezoelectric element that is disk-shaped or ring-shaped and has an electrode attached to a shaft; One end mechanically contacts the piezoelectric element and the other end contacts the rotor surface at an acute angle. In the piezoelectric motor in which the piezoelectric oscillator includes a button, the piezoelectric motor includes a button. A ring-shaped collector having a seat is fixed to the main body coaxially with the electric element. Eh, each of the bunshas is provided with a spring that interacts with the collector. The first object of the invention is achieved by a piezoelectric motor characterized by:

Further, according to the present invention, the spring of the bushing is oriented in one direction in the circumferential direction.

Further, according to the present invention, the springs of adjacent bushings are directed in opposite directions in the circumferential direction. let

The present invention is characterized in that one double-structured spring is provided in each month of adjacent bushings. do.

Thereby, according to the invention, the buttonhole of single structure or paired combination structure can be used. Make the spring into the shape of the curved part of the bushy board.

Moreover, the present invention forms a pair of adjacent buttons in a U-shape, and A pair of symmetrically curved vi (single structure or paired combination structure) placed between It is characterized by the fact that additional springs made in the shape of shall be.

According to the present invention, by eliminating the permanent connection between the bushing and the piezoelectric element, efficiency and maintenance sustainability (due to the modularity of the structure) can be improved. This can improve the reliability of the piezoelectric motor.

Furthermore, according to the invention, an integrated configuration that can widen the characteristic range of the motor is provided. components, i.e. piezoelectric elements (oscillators), buttons with integrated dimensions and various properties; A piezoelectric motor having a unit can be provided.

If the second object of the present invention is achieved, the button can be pressed by having an elastic toothed spring. can be fixed to the surface of the piezoelectric element, simplifying the motor and reducing the radial dimension. It is possible to provide a piezoelectric motor that is smaller and has improved reliability.

A rotor, a stator having a piezoelectric element, and a stator fixed to the piezoelectric element by a tightening spring. Equipped with a piezoelectric element and a ring-shaped collector installed in the darkness between the rotor and the piezoelectric element. In the piezoelectric motor of the first embodiment, the collector is shaped like a toothed spring according to the present invention. The collector is mounted on a flat metal ring placed on the stator parallel to the piezoelectric element. between the piezoelectric element and the teeth of the toothed spring of the collector. The second object of the present invention is achieved by arranging the tightening spring of the button at the I can do it.

Furthermore, the button according to the present invention is formed into a U-shape, and the connector is connected to the piezoelectric element. between the toothed spring and the toothed spring.

If the third object of the present invention is achieved, it is possible to attach the rotor to the surface of the rotor instead of between the two sides. motor by using two groups of pushers that can act alternately on the motor. It is possible to provide a piezoelectric motor having the function of reversing the motor.

A stator, a rotor that exerts a mutual frictional effect on the stator having a body, and a rotor attached to the body. A piezoelectric oscillator is attached to the rotor to generate radial vibration. A piezoelectric element is attached to the piezoelectric element in the shape of a disk and has an electrode attached thereto. This piezoelectric generator According to the present invention, in the piezoelectric motor included in the vibrator, the buttons are arranged in two groups. In each group, the bushings touch the rotor surface in opposite directions. so that the bushings interact, i.e. the bushings are removed from contact with the rotor. piezoelectric actuator with additional dogs disposed circumferentially between the butts. The motor achieves the third object of the invention.

In this way, according to the invention, in the final position one of the two groups of bushings is Apply dog to the buttons of one group and rotate the buttons of this group. Remove from contact with child.

Further, according to the present invention, in the center (neutral) position of the dog, the directions that are not in the same direction are Apply the tongs to the buttons of both groups that are facing the direction, and Remove the tsusha from contact with the rotor.

According to the present invention, it is possible to move the buttons of groups oriented in different directions to the rotor. By alternately contacting the surface, the piezoelectric motor can be reversed. Then, at the center position of the dog, place the buttons of both groups on the surface of the rotor. By making contact at the same time, the motor is switched off, i.e. the motor and its The motor can be quantified by applying braking to a mechanism connected thereto at a fixed position.

Brief description of the drawing The invention will now be described by way of specific examples of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 has a cylindrical outer rotor and a bushing pressed against and clamped by the rotor. A sectional view taken along the ITI line in FIG. 2 of the piezoelectric motor according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line I--I in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3a and 3b show a 4a shows a button having a tension spring made in the shape of the curved end of the plate of the carrier; Figures 4b and 4b show the tension made in the shape of the curved cut edge of the bushing board according to the present invention. Figures 5 and 6 show a bushing with a tightening spring, and FIGS. Figure 7 shows a double-structured bushing with a tension spring formed in the shape of the central part of the curve. In accordance with the present invention, the tightening spring has an independent structure; Figures 8a to 8e show the two tension springs of the double structure bunsha of Figure 7 according to the present invention. Figures 9a to 9d show one variant of the unitary bushing according to Figures 3a and 3b. and various methods of fixing the double-structured bushings according to Figs. Figures 10a and 10b show a modification of the method of fixing the double structure bushing according to Figure 7. show, FIG. 11 shows an outer ring-shaped element according to the invention with a rotor installed inside it. We will show you how to fix the double structure of the piezoelectric motor. Figures 1.2a to 12d show an example of the structural elements of a collector according to the invention and a piezoelectric motor. shows a method of fixing the collector to the main body of the collector and a method of connecting structural elements; FIG. 13 is a top sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. The rotor has a cylindrical outer rotor and a button that is held and pressed by the rotor. 2 shows a piezoelectric motor according to a second embodiment, Figure 14 is a sectional view taken along line I-1 in Figure 13, Figures 15a and 15b are the outer rotor. (Fig. 15a) and an inner or outer rotor (Fig. 15b). Indicates the collector material of the data, Figures 16a to 16c show the outer arrangement of the rotor of the piezoelectric motor (Figures 16a and 16b) and the mutual position of the piezoelectric element and the collector relative to the inner arrangement (Fig. 16a); Figure 17 is a sectional view taken along line I-11 in Figure 18, showing the cylindrical outer rotor and this rotor. A button that is pinched and pressed by the trochanter and not in the same direction, and a driver that acts on this button. A piezoelectric motor according to a third embodiment of the present invention is shown having a FIG. 18 is a sectional view taken along the line 1-1 in FIG. 17, and 19a to 19d5 are piezoelectric elements of the present invention. Various types of dogs that act on the child's butsusha at its center and final positions indicates the state of action of 20a to 20c (il rotates the ring by the dog of the piezoelectric motor of the present invention, and 1 and 2 show various examples of devices for fixation in central position 1 and final position; FIG. 21 shows the structure of the center rotor and outer ring-shaped piezoelectric element of the piezoelectric motor of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the mutual positions of the building elements.

Detailed description of the invention A piezoelectric motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention (see FIGS. 1 and 2) is attached to an article (not shown). It is fixed by the stator 1, which is the stationary part of the piezoelectric motor, and the bearing (button) 3. The rotor 2 is rotatably supported by the child 1. Shoulder part 4 and lock washer 6 The rotor 2 is fixed to the rotor shaft 5 so as not to move in the axial direction.

The stator 1 of the piezoelectric motor comprises a piezoelectric oscillator 7 that vibrates in the radial direction. This piezoelectric generator The vibrator 7 is applied to the body 8 by means of a gasket 9 made of an elastic material (such as rubber). It is acoustically insulated and fixed to the main body 8 by a NAND 10. Main body 8 is piezoelectric In addition to protecting the oscillator 7 and other elements of the motor from damage, the tightening hole 11 supports the piezoelectric motor on the article.

A piezoelectric oscillator 7 that vibrates in the radial direction converts electrical energy into mechanical energy of vibration. an electromechanical device, the vibrations of which are preferably radial vibrations. Ru. This vibration is generated by the actuating element of the piezoelectric oscillator 7, that is, the piezoelectric element made in the shape of a rotating body. This is the motion of 12 particles. In order to generate radial vibration within the piezoelectric oscillator 7, Piezoelectric element in the shape of a flat ring (disc with a hole) made of a material with piezoelectric properties 12 and provided with terminals 14, electrodes 13 are placed on both flat surfaces of this disk. child The electrode 13 is made by coating the ground plane of the piezoelectric element 12 with a thin metal. It is obtained by spraying metal to the required thickness of the t-pole and allowing the metal to settle. Shown in Figure 1 Through the terminal 14 soldered to the electrode (the terminal may be connected by the contact method), AC voltage is applied to electrode 13 from a power source (not shown in FIG. 1).

The bushing 15 contacts the cylindrical outer surface of the piezoelectric element 12 and the other end of the bushing 15 contacts the cylindrical outer surface of the piezoelectric element 12. abuts against the inner surface of the rotor 2 at an acute angle.

As shown in Figure 2 (see also Figures 3a, 3b, 4a and 4b), each bushing 1 By providing a spring 16 at 5, the button 15 is fixed to the main body. indirect join of piezoelectric element 12 without using materials (solder, epoxy compound adhesive, etc.) By bringing each end of the bushing 15 into direct contact with the surface, the bushing and the piezoelectric element It is possible to eliminate energy loss in the thin layer of the above material between the surface of the Due to the stability of the direct contact between the bushing and the piezoelectric element, increasing the efficiency of the motor can increase the credibility of

Butsusha is a piece of board material that is specially bent (see Figures 3a, 3b, 4a and 4b). two structural elements 18, 19 (see FIGS. 1 and 2), which may also be provided with a spring element 16; The end 17 of the spring element 16 of the bushing 15 is supported in a collector consisting of a spring element 16 (see FIG. 1).

This collector fixes the bushing in the axial and circumferential directions.

If it is fixed in this way, the end of the bushing that directly contacts the surface of the piezoelectric element 12 will be in half. Does not prevent movement in the radial direction.

The bushes may be constructed in a single structure (see Figures 2.3a, 3b, 4a and 4b). However, it may also have a double structure (see Figures 5.6 and 7).

The springs 16 for tightening the bushings are shown in Figures 3a, 3b, 4b, 5 and 6. It may be constructed as a hand-shaped piece of eel board material or as a separate piece (Figs. 7 and 8). (see figure). In the latter case, the end of such a spring To prevent axial movement of the carrier, a slot (see Figure 8) or a bar should be provided. Bend the stems outward (see Figures 80.8d and 8o) to create a corner.

Connect each bushing to a flat (sheet-like) elastic sound-transmitting material, such as steel, brass, or phosphor blue. made of copper.

Spring oriented in one direction as shown in Figure 2 or in both directions as shown in Figure 9a 16 can also be used to attach a single-piece bushing 15 (see Figures 33 and 3b). good. Install the double-walled bushing (see Figures 5.6 and 7) into the collector. Examples are shown in Figures 9b-9d, 10a and 11.

Collector structural element 1, 19 is assembled into a piezoelectric motor as an assembly unit with a bushing. It is fixed to the main body 8 by several screws 2o (see Figures 1.2c and 12a), By tightening the screw 21 together with the washer 22, the collector element 18.19 is Link.

This ensures that the end 17 of the spring 16 is pressed rigidly between the flat surfaces of the element 18.19. and fix the bushing in the axial direction.

To simplify the mounting of the button unit on the oscillator, element 19 A schematic clamp at the end of the bushing may also be employed (see Figure 12a). the spot In this case, the unit of the bushing with the element 18 can be freely installed in the body 8 of the piezoelectric element. The screws 20 are used to secure the body 8 to the body 8, and the bushings are then screwed together as shown in FIG. The end 17 of the spring 16 of the carrier is finally clamped by the conical part of the element 19. .

A spring 16 (structural element 16) attached to the end 17 of the collector secures the bushing. The diagram proposed here expands the range of motor integration possibilities. be. This is a piezoelectric element, a separate and independent unit like a button in the collector. The motor is made up of units that are , and hence the output) change. By this, the thickness of the piezoelectric element 12 Multiple buttons of different widths corresponding to the size can be attached to one collector. become capable. This means that even bushings of different widths can have equal width tightening ends 17. This is because it is sufficient to provide a In another embodiment of the collector, the clamping end 17 of the spring By using an intermediate ring to securely attach buttons of different widths, Motor integration can be achieved.

The bushing 15 is clamped to the rotor 2 and the piezoelectric element 12 by the bushing itself. This is realized by the force of elastic deformation. Also, the spring 16 of the button causes the button to close. Press it against the piezoelectric element 12. In this way, the piezoelectric element 12 vibrates in the radial direction. ensuring a guaranteed mechanical contact of the bushing 15 to the piezoelectric element 12 even when .

The number of bushings should be at least two to equalize the mechanical load on the piezoelectric element. The bushings should have a single structure or a double structure, and be arranged uniformly in the circumferential direction. It is possible.

The radial gap between the piezoelectric element 12, the collector 18.19 and the rotor 2, thus The lengths of the bushes are shown diagrammatically in Figures 1.2.9a-9e, 10a and 11. fruit In some cases, the length of the bushing should be shortened and its stiffness against lateral bending increased. be.

In this way, the radial dimension of the bushing spring 16 is reduced and the piezoelectric element is Prevents circumferential movement of the butcher edges interacting with the surface. The location of these It should be close to the tangent at the point of contact with the piezoelectric element at the end of the button.

The rotor 2 of the piezoelectric motor (see Figure 1) consists of three main parts: a shaft 5; The knob-shaped member 23 assembled by forcibly fitting the friction piece or button 15 and a ring-shaped insertion member 24 that exerts a frictional force on each other. This friction piece is wear resistant. It is made of flexible material and has a minimum roughness on its operating surface to reduce wear on the bushings. rotate The shaft 5 of the child 2 is mounted in a bearing bushing 3 made of anti-friction material.

In addition, this piezoelectric motor has an internal rotor, that is, a rotor installed inside the annular piezoelectric element. Operated by the trochanter. In this case, for example, the double structure bushings are As shown in the diagram, it is made into something that does not separate but comes together. Tighten the fastening part of the bushing as described above. However, the shape of the bushing itself may be changed.

The operation of this piezoelectric motor is as follows. A constant voltage is applied to the electrode 13 of the piezoelectric oscillator 7. Apply an alternating voltage at the frequency. This frequency is determined in the longitudinal and radial directions of the piezoelectric element 12. frequency equal to or similar to the resonant frequency of the occurs. These vibrations are transmitted to the bushing 15.

When the piezoelectric element 12 is expanded, its surface moves in the radial direction, causing the inner end of the bushing 15 to Mechanically contact this surface. The opposite end of the bushing is used for the rotor 2 due to the wedge action. A mutual frictional action is exerted on the cylindrical surface of the friction element 24, and (the tangent to the rotor surface and produces a tangential force on the rotor (because the angle between the rotor and the rotor is less than 90 degrees) and rotate the rotor through an angle.

The circumferential direction of the inner end of the bushing 15 that is in mechanical contact with the cylindrical side surface of the piezoelectric element 12 movement is prevented by the spring 16 of the bushing. This allows one side to A bushing is fixed to the collector, which is a part of the collector. In this case, this is also part of the stator Frictional forces between the surface of the piezoelectric element and the bushings also help.

In addition, by attaching a bushing to the collector seat, the circumferential direction of the bushing and two seats can be adjusted. Anchoring may also be achieved (see Figures 9d and 10a).

When the piezoelectric element I2 is compressed, the action of the elastic force of the bushing itself and the tightening of the bushing Due to the force of the spring 16, the inner end of the bushing 15 is moved radially toward the center of the piezoelectric element. Move. The outer end of the bushing 15 that interacts with the surface of the friction element 24 of the rotor 2 is , Pu.

Due to the elastic force of the shaft trying to straighten itself, it momentarily separates from the surface of the friction element. , this outer end of the bushing occupies a new position in the circumferential direction of the rotor. Or (mo) The clamping force of this outer end of the bushing (even if contact with the friction element 24 is not lost) Due to the reduction in the friction force and the resulting reduction in the frictional force, this outer end of the bushing is slides over the surface of the rotor and occupies a new position in the circumferential direction of the rotor. The surface of the friction element and , by the action of a frictional force between this outer end of the bushing sliding circumferentially over it. The rotor 2 attempts to rotate in the opposite direction by the mass of the rotor and the This is largely prevented by inertial forces with the mass of the driven body within the rotating mechanism.

Such a process is itself repeated for each vibration of the piezoelectric element 12, and the piezoelectric motor This produces a constant torque that sets the rotor 2 of the motor into rotation.

A second embodiment of this piezoelectric motor will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 to 16.

The piezoelectric motor of the second embodiment (Figs. 13 and 14) also has a stator 1, a rotor 2, and a piezoelectric It comprises an element 12 and a bumper 15 fixed to a collector.

The piezoelectric motor of this second embodiment differs in structure from that of the first embodiment in the following points. Ru.

The collector of the piezoelectric motor is made in the shape of a pair of toothed springs 25, and this toothed spring 25 is A metal disk 2 is elastically pressed against the working cylindrical surface of the piezoelectric element 12 and placed on the stator. 6 Attach on top. The tightening spring 16 of the button is disposed between the piezoelectric element 12 and the tooth 25. The teeth bring the bushings into close contact with the surface of the piezoelectric element, and Fix the button in the direction.

The collector is made of a resilient sheet metal material 26 (such as steel) and the teeth 25 are shaped. A specially shaped slot in the radial direction is formed to achieve the desired shape (see FIG. 15a). These etc. The teeth are bent perpendicular to the plane of the collector material and are larger than the radius of the piezoelectric element. It is bound along the vertical axis on an arc of circles with no radius. Connector 16 and tooth profile so that the contact with the screw 25 occurs in the middle (with respect to the height of the piezoelectric element) of the connector 16. In order to (see).

A shelf 27 is provided on the teeth 25 of the collector, and the bushing installed in the space between the teeth is placed in the axial direction. sticks to.

Such a noctor is used for piezoelectric motors with an outer rotor. In Figure 13 Attach this connector below the piezoelectric element as shown. By the insulating pad 28 to separate the collector from the piezoelectric element force 1.

This collector can be made of material in the form of a disc with teeth on the inside (section 15b). (see figure). A piezoelectric motor with an outer rotor (see Figure 16b) and a rotor with an inner rotor. The use of such collectors in piezoelectric motors (see Figure 16c) located in Can be done. The difference between the two lies in the direction in which the toothed spring is bent.

In the structure proposed here, which fixes the button with such a collector, the collector The actuator acts as a spring and clamps the button to the piezoelectric element with a predetermined force that brings it into close contact. It is possible to

Contact between the piezoelectric element and the bushing is realized by the connector 16 with a wide contact area. This reduces stress within the material of the piezoelectric element. Collection like this The radial dimension of the motor can be reduced by using a The size of the piezoelectric element can be increased without changing the dimensions of the motor. power can be increased.

Further, this piezoelectric motor is a motor having an inner rotor, that is, an inner rotor of the annular piezoelectric element 12. It can be a motor with a rotor placed on the side. In that case, a ring-shaped piezoelectric element The ring-shaped part 26 of the collector is placed under the child, and the ring-like part 26 of the collector is held by the clamp of its teeth. A force 15 is connected to the inner cylindrical surface of the piezoelectric element (see Figure 16c).

The piezoelectric motor of the second embodiment also operates in the same manner as the piezoelectric motor of the first embodiment.

Similar to the piezoelectric motor of the first embodiment, the piezoelectric element 12 is in mechanical contact with the cylindrical side surface of the piezoelectric element 12. Make sure that the inner end of the bushing 15 moves in the circumferential direction along with the connector 16 that is in place. This is prevented by the toothed spring 25 at the top. Collector with Butsusha 15 installed between them A shelf 27 provided on the toothed spring 25 prevents the bushing from moving in the axial direction. Stop.

A third embodiment of the piezoelectric motor will be described with reference to FIGS. 17-21.

The third embodiment, which is a reversible piezoelectric motor, is different from the first and second embodiments in the following points. The structure is different.

The difference in structure is that the button 1 has one end in contact with the outer cylindrical surface of the piezoelectric element 12. 5 has its other end abutted against the inner surface of rotor 2 at an acute angle in opposite directions, and This means that they form a two-way group.

Furthermore, in the ring-shaped area of the body 8 between the two structural elements 18, 19 and the rotor 2, Elongated holes 29 are provided that are spaced apart in the circumferential direction, and the dogs 30 attached to the ring 31 are It is arranged in the equal length hole 29.

The ring 31 is movable in the circumferential direction, and the fixed ring 32 is fixed to the main body 8. The ring 31 is clamped to the body 8 by this.

The dogs 30 may be arranged on the ring 31 differently than described above. i.e. ring When rotated to the final position, the dog pushes one button in the group into rotor 2. Curved away from the plane (see Figures 19c and 19d), at the center of the ring, The dog bends both buttocks in the group (see Figure 19a) or curves both buttons in the group as shown in Figures 18 and 19b. Configure it as you like.

Further, for example, a lever 33 mounted on a ring 31 (see FIG. 20a) may be provided with a radius. Rotation of the ring 31 is realized by an external drive (not shown) acting in the direction. It's okay.

In the final and central position, the ring 31 with the dog is secured in a known manner.

For example, this method involves attaching a container 36 to the main body 8 of the motor, and A spring 34 and a ball 35 are arranged in the container so that the ball 35 is pressed by the spring 34. (See Figure 20b). Alternatively, a plate spring 37 with a special shape may be provided to A leaf spring 3 is placed in a recess arranged in the ring 31 in the circumferential direction so as to correspond to a predetermined position of the ring 31. 7 may be engaged (see Fig. 20c). 0 in contact with the lever 33 (see Figures 20a to 20c) and the stop 38 provided on the main body 8. ) may be used to additionally restrict the ring from rotating more than necessary.

As a piezoelectric motor with an outer rotor (see figures 17-19) or as an inner rotor , that is, a piezoelectric motor in which the rotor is arranged inside a ring-shaped piezoelectric element (see Fig. 21). This piezoelectric motor can be configured as follows. In this case, the friction element 40 is included. In the ring-shaped area between the inner rotor 39 and the collector 18.19, there is a dog 3. 0 and the holes 29 are spaced apart in the circumferential direction. In this case, the ring by the fixing ring 32 31 and the dog 30 are basically the same as shown in FIG.

The operation of the reversible piezoelectric motor of this embodiment is as follows.

When the ring 31 is rotated with the dog 30 to one position or the final position, the dog 3 0 and bend the group of bushes acting on the rotor 2 from contact with the surface of the rotor but maintain contact with the rotor for the other group of bushes.

When AC voltage is applied to the electrode 13 of the piezoelectric oscillator 7, it maintains contact with the rotor. The group of bushings determines the direction of rotation of the rotor.

When the ring 31 is in the center position with the dog 30, the dog 30 is in the button 15. The operating state determines the state of the motor (see Figures 18 and 19b). ). If both groups of bulbs are bending at the same time, the motor will It is switched off and is not braked even if a voltage is applied to electrode 13.

If both groups of bushes act on the rotor at the same time (18th and 1st (see Figure 92), whether or not a voltage is applied to the electrode 13, the motor is being braked.

72C2)F;, c7 ．． ．． , 9e F,...:45b 7. : 15 77gΩ0α Summary book A piezoelectric motor includes a stator (1) having a piezoelectric oscillator and a rotor (2). Therefore, the piezoelectric oscillator includes a piezoelectric element (12) having a voltage of 1 (13) and a button (15). Equipped with. A spring (16) is provided on each button, and the piezoelectric element (12) is coaxially mounted on the main body. The button (15) is attached to the collector (18, 19) by the spring (16). Place it like that. The action of this spring causes one end of each button to connect to the piezoelectric element (12). Mechanical contact is maintained with the other end of each bushing abutting the rotor surface at an acute angle. vinegar All buttress springs may be circumferentially oriented in one direction, or (adjacent) (For paired buttons) They may be directed in opposite directions.

Furthermore, in order to reverse the piezoelectric motor, the bushings are divided into two groups, and each group is Within the loop, the bushings are brought into contact with the rotor surface in opposite directions.

international search report Product -, II++ - breath + - 1 to ll + lj + PCT/ to F (14/l'1llR0 7 International Search Report PCT/SE 91100807

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. a stator, a rotor having a body and exerting a mutual frictional effect on the stator; a piezoelectric oscillator attached to the main body and generating radial vibration; a disk-shaped or ring-shaped piezoelectric element having an electrode coaxially attached to the piezoelectric element; One end of each mechanically contacts the piezoelectric element, and the other end contacts the surface of the rotor at an acute angle. In the piezoelectric motor in which the piezoelectric oscillator is provided with a pusher to This not only expands the functional capabilities of piezoelectric motors, but also improves their reliability and economy. A ring-shaped ring having a seat is fixed to the main body coaxially with the piezoelectric element. the pusher has a spring that interacts with the collector; A piezoelectric motor characterized by the following: 2. Claim 1, wherein the spring of the pusher is oriented in one direction in the circumferential direction. The piezoelectric motor described in . 3. The springs of the adjacent pushers are oriented in opposite directions in the circumferential direction. A piezoelectric motor according to scope 1. 4. A pair of adjacent pushers is provided with a spring that interacts with the collector. A piezoelectric motor according to claim 3. 5. Claim 1 in which the spring of the pusher is shaped like a curved part of the plate of the pusher. The piezoelectric motor according to item 1 or 4. 6. A pair of adjacent pushers is formed into a U-shape, and a pair of adjacent pushers is arranged between the adjacent pushers. An additional spring made in the shape of a pair of symmetrically curved plates is connected to a pair of adjacent springs. 5. The piezoelectric motor according to claim 4, which is provided in a shaft. 7. In order to simplify the structure of the piezoelectric motor and reduce its dimensions, the collector is a flat metal ring made in the shape of a spring and placed on the stator parallel to the piezoelectric element; The collector is mounted on the piezoelectric element and elastically pressed against the piezoelectric element. The spring of the pusher is placed between the element and the teeth of the toothed spring of the collector. A piezoelectric motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: 8. The pusher is formed into a U-shape, and the connector is connected to the piezoelectric element and the collector. 8. The piezoelectric motor according to claim 7, wherein the piezoelectric motor is arranged between a toothed spring and a toothed spring of the piezoelectric motor. 9. a stator, a rotor having a body and exerting a mutual frictional effect on the stator; a piezoelectric oscillator attached to the main body and generating radial vibration; a disk-shaped or ring-shaped piezoelectric element having an electrode coaxially attached to the piezoelectric element; One end of each is in mechanical contact with the piezoelectric element and the other end is in mutual contact with the surface of the rotor at an acute angle. In the piezoelectric motor, the piezoelectric oscillator includes a pusher that acts on the piezoelectric motor. In order to reverse the rotation, the pusher is divided into two groups, and each group is and bring the pusher into contact with the surface of the rotor in opposite directions, and the pusher a pusher disposed circumferentially between the pushers and movable circumferentially to interact with the pushers; 1. A piezoelectric motor, characterized in that said piezoelectric motor additionally includes a dog with a closed position. 10. At the final position of the dog, two groups pointing in non-same directions Claims for removing said pushers of one group of loops from contact with said rotor. The piezoelectric motor according to item 9. 11. At the center position of the dog, two groups pointing in different directions Claims: removing said pushers of both groups of loops from contact with said rotor; The piezoelectric motor according to item 10.