JPH05500270A - automatic analysis instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] automatic analysis instrument The present invention relates to an automated analytical device for the analysis of components of interest within a fluid sample. Ru.

Automated testing equipment can perform various types of chemical tests, making it extremely An example of a test of interest is the assay of biological substances for human health management. It will be done. Automated testing equipment allows for rapid processing of large numbers of test specimens. Wear. Such devices are employed in health care institutions including hospitals and laboratories.

Biological fluids such as whole blood, plasma or serum can be used to detect evidence of disease or to detect therapeutic drug doses. be investigated to monitor.

In automated testing equipment, the test fluid is usually placed in a specimen cup and the specimen is sampled. All processing steps including snake petting, culturing and reading out the resulting signals are done automatically. Inspection equipment typically includes a series of workstations that each performs a specific step of the inspection procedure. The specimen or cartridge is usually From one workstation to the next using a conveyor such as a carousel or carousel. The inspection steps can then be carried out sequentially. The conveyor is It usually carries multiple test cartridges, each fixed in a designated position on the top of the conveyor. . In a typical configuration, the certification cartridge is placed in a perspective view along the perimeter of the conveyor. are spaced apart from each other within the tube to facilitate insertion and extraction.

Various automated analytical devices have been disclosed that perform such analyses. deer However, as the technological situation progressed, the demand for such equipment increased further, and the conventional What has been disclosed is no longer sufficient to provide enhanced capabilities.

For example, if we consider a temperature-controlled chamber, the manufacturing cost of such a chamber is small. This can be advantageously reduced by making at least a portion of it from a moldable polymer material. In addition, Sample fluid cannot be administered to the assay module while the assay module is in the temperature-controlled chamber. It is advantageous if However, let us provide a temperature-controlled room with such characteristics. , the temperature inside the chamber is typically within the required narrow temperature range, e.g. 37°± There are difficulties in controlling the temperature at 0.5°C.

Consideration must also be given to the fluid administration system.

Many automated devices typically use disposable pins that are used only once and then thrown away. Verify fluid contamination by using a pipette with a pet tip Preferably, the results are free from errors. However, the specimen When administering fluids and/or reagents to a specimen, the orifice of the pipette tip should be It must be placed at a predetermined and precisely controlled position on the specimen. disposable pipette Using a tip makes this condition difficult to meet. Disposable tips are manufactured and For cost reasons, they are usually made of elastic, molded polymer material, and the tip is similar to that of the pipette ( A friction fit on the stem (typically metal) allows the tip to be removed from the pipette stem. The distance to the refice may vary from tip to tip. As mentioned above, fluid injection Position the pipette tip orifice at a predetermined, precisely controlled position on the specimen during a given step. Position of the disposable pipette tip onto the pipette stem as it should be placed in Fluctuations in positioning may cause errors in the desired positioning of the pipette tip, which may result in errors in the assay results. This may result in an error. Therefore, the spatial placement of the pipette tip during the dosing cycle have the ability to determine and whether the disposable tip is stuck to the pipette stem. It is desirable to be able to determine the

Yet another factor is the influence of relative humidity within the device. some kind of inspection The accuracy of the results due to the Some kind of technology is needed to compensate.

Additionally, when multiple assays are performed simultaneously on automated equipment, the same analyte or component Whether in batch mode where multiple assays are performed for different analytes or metabolites Even in random access mode, where multiple tests are performed on Performs some type of automatic identification for different assay modules to determine desired test protocol. It is clear that it is preferable for each module to be followed by a separate certification module. .

These and other objects and advantages are achieved in accordance with the present invention in a temperature-controlled chamber, at least For transporting multiple specimens, some of which are adapted to transport specimens within a temperature-controlled chamber. Conveyor, device for loading and removing specimens onto and from the conveyor; A fluid dosing device that delivers fluid to the specimen while on a conveyor in the chamber; of a signal that is a function of the component of interest in the sample fluid generated by and applied to the specimen. This is accomplished by an automated analyzer that includes an optical device for optical reading.

The device controls and synchronizes the processing steps for the assay performed on the specimen. Contains a microprocessor that allows

Pipettes with stems adapted for use with disposable pipette tips The fluid delivery system includes a light source and a light detector that measures the position of the pipette tip. It works in conjunction with an optical pipette location system that utilizes a sensor. The light source is is placed in a plane directly above the specimen placed on the surface of the conveyor. The pipette is First, positioning is performed with a certain degree of accuracy using devices such as servo mechanisms and step motors. , and then determine the final position of the feed position by an optical sensor together with a microprocessor as described below. Adjustments and precision positioning are performed. After applying fluid, remove the disposable tip The pipette is prepared for the next dosing step by replacing it with a new one. Ru.

According to another feature of the invention, the temperature control chamber is constructed in part of polymeric material. It contains two heating elements placed above and below the conveyor. Heating element is temperature controlled Preferably at least twice the speed at which specimens can be loaded onto the conveyor in the chamber. It is excited by a current pulse that can be applied. placed inside the chamber as described below. The pulse duration is pulse width modulated in response to the signal provided by the temperature sensor In another embodiment of the invention, the temperature within the chamber is increased or decreased by increasing or decreasing the temperature within the chamber. A humidity sensor is installed in the device and used in conjunction with a microprocessor to detect relative humidity within the device. Correct the test result given by the specimen with respect to humidity.

Another feature of the invention is the use of barcode identification labels on the assay module. The barcode reader reads it and the verification module performs the Provides information regarding the specific test to the microprocessor.

Brief description of the drawing In order to understand the invention together with other objects and features, various embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings are provided. With reference to the detailed explanation of the example, here: Figure 1 shows the circular controller that moves the certification module between various workstations. stylized partial line diagram of an analytical device using a Figure 2 shows the disposable tip source, reagent reservoir, and assay module compartment menu. stylized partial line diagram of a pipette transport for moving pipettes between ports The figure also shows the optical,detection system that senses the position of the pipette tip. Figure 3 is a partially enlarged view of the pipette tip in the beam of the optical detection system; Figure 4 shows a microprocessor operated system that positions the pipette in the vertical direction. A block diagram showing the servo control loop of the pipette transport, Figure 5 is a flow diagram showing the operation of the microprocessor, and Figure 6 is a flow diagram showing the operation of the microprocessor. Supplementary transfer of pipettes, including safety checks to ensure that the pipette is present on the barrel. A detailed block diagram of the flow diagram in Figure 5 regarding dynamic calculations, and Figure 7 is a detailed block diagram of the flow diagram in Figure 5 for the vertical movement of the pipette. Figure 8 is a timing diagram illustrating the operation of the present invention with some parts cut away to show internal parts. a partial line diagram of the analyzer, including a perspective view of the temperature-controlled chamber; Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of the temperature control chamber along line 3-3 in Figure 8; Figure 10 is a block diagram of the heater control system that excites the upper and lower heaters in the chamber. , Figure 11 shows the intensity of the fluorescence signal obtained due to the presence of the analyte of interest in the sample fluid. A graph showing the variation of degrees with relative humidity, FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing the interrelationship between the microprocessor and analyzer elements; FIG. 13 is a flow diagram showing the operation of the microprocessor that performs the verification.

Description of examples Figure 1 shows an analyzer 2 that automatically provides a series of processing steps for assaying a specimen. Indicates 0. Multiple modules 22 are used within the device 20 to increase throughput. One processing step is controlled by one module, and another processing step is controlled by another module. It is implemented at the same time as it is implemented by the module. One or more chambers within the painting Module 22 is shown for an embodiment in which a module 22 is included. Such a chamber walls or reservoirs that store and/or mix fluids used in the assay procedure; or openings to supply fluid to the reaction zone within the module. You can do it like this. The chamber is integrally formed within the module's body. Ru. Analyzer 20 includes a conveyor or carousel 24, which is motorized. 28 rotates around the rotation axis 26. For example, motor 28 may have gears 30 or It can be mechanically coupled to the carcell 24 by a belt drive (not shown). Wear.

A carousel 24 moves from one workstation to another. FIG. 1 shows, by way of example, two such workstations. Section 32.34 is shown. Carcel 24 can accommodate various workstations. A heater 38 is provided to maintain the chamber at a desired temperature to allow the culture processing steps to take place. It rotates within a temperature controlled chamber 36 where it exists.

Workstation 32 transfers the sample fluid and optionally desired fluid reagents to the assay module. This is a pipette station that feeds pipettes to the As an example, two pipettes 40 42 is shown. Pipette 40.42 is mechanically connected to pipette 40.42. The connected pipette mechanism 44 positions and actuates the pipette as shown in dashed lines. .

During the assay procedure, reactions and interactions between the sample fluid and reagents can cause A detectable change occurs that corresponds to the presence of an analyte or component. The detectable change is Read out using spectroscopic measurements such as densitometers or assay methods based on fluorescently labeled biologically active species. Fluorescence is the result of a color change that can be performed, or the generation of fluorescent species due to a reagent amount reaction. A force signal may be generated and read spectrofluorescently.

Such detectable changes can be read from the top or bottom of the assay module. Wear. The workstation 34 includes, for example, a light source for illuminating the reaction zone within the assay module. A fluorometer 46 is shown that measures the fluorescence emitted from fluorescent species present therein. .

Carcell 24 can be configured to accommodate a varying number of verification modules 22. I can do it. In the example, each position holding the assay module, i.e. the bar A step 54 allows illumination to reach the reaction zone within the assay module and collects and measures the fluorescence emission. A small opening 56 is provided to allow access. Also, empty berth 54 hemoji The injector 58 is inserted as shown in the injector 58 for inserting the injector 22. It has an arm 60 that grips the module 22 during operation. Injector 58 also uses arm 60 to pull the module from berth 54 upon completion of the test procedure. It also works to remove. Motor 28, pipette mechanism 44, fluorometer 46 and injector The operation of data processor 58 is synchronized by microprocessor unit 62.

FIG. 2 shows a detailed configuration of the pipette mechanism 44 shown in FIG. 1.

For ease of explanation of the invention, pipette mechanism 44 will hereinafter be referred to as one pipette, i.e. That is, the pipette 40 has a pipette transport 64 that operates with a chisel. and explain. Transport 64 is separated from pipette 40 and module 22. A two-dimensional relative movement is applied between the reservoirs 66 and a pair of reservoirs 66, and the reservoirs 66 Store reagents useful for assays performed by The reservoir 66 is a movable table 68 It also has a set of tips 70 which are fixed to the stem 72 of the pipette 40. Hold. With respect to the X-Y-Z coordinate axis system, the pipette 40 is located on the transport 64. The table 68 can be translated along the box beam 74 in the can be translated in the Y direction on the rails 76 of the support port 64. vertical drive 78 is disposed within the beam 74 to raise and lower the pipette 40 in the Z direction.

A horizontal drive 80 located within the box beam 74 drives the pipette in the X direction do. Since the vertical drive 78 and horizontal drive 80 are of conventional design, FIG. Only abbreviations are given here. In the diagram, the vertical drive 78 has a rectangular cross section. a wheel 82 slidably mounted on a splined shaft 84 capable of ing. The shaft 84 is rotated by a motor 86. Horizontal drive 8° is motor 90 a base 88 that slides along the beam 74 in the X direction in response to rotation of the base 88; . The motor 9o drives a belt 92 via a pulley 94, and the belt 92 drives the base 8. When the pulley 94 is rotated by the motor 9o, the base 88 is translated. let When the base 88 moves, the fixture 96 standing upright from the base 88 The wheel 82 is slid along the axis 84 so that the wheel 82 is fixed relative to the base 88. Stay in position. The pipette 4° passes through the base 88 and is moved in the X direction by the base 88. It is translated to . The wheel 82 is a gear tooth of the wheel 82 or (not shown) It is mechanically connected to pipette 40 by a belt drive. Wheel 82 and pin When the wheel 82 is rotated by the motor 86 due to the mechanical connection of the pet 4 (1) Then, the pipette 4o is translated in the Z direction. Similarly, using belt drive 98 The table 68 is moved in the Y direction in response to the rotation of the motor 100 fixed to the rail 76. Can be driven.

As mentioned above in the explanation of the analyzer shown in FIG. 2. Similarly, motor 100.96.86 is also sent to computer 62. More controlled. The connections for motors 28, 100, and 90.86 are shown in Figure 2. , B, C, and D terminals. Therefore, the pipette 40 is moved by the carousel 24. It is possible to synchronize with the positioning of module 1 22 and position it directly near the beam 74. can. temperature controlled chamber 3 to allow pipette 44 access to module 22; A slot 102 is provided in the top wall 104 of 6. Slot 102 is a beam It is assumed to be parallel to 74. The position of slot 102 relative to beam 74 allows the pipette to 4o stem 72 connects multiple compartments of module 22 via slot 102. can be selectively lowered onto a desired compartment within the Ru. Assuming that the length of the slot 102 is equal to the length of the module 22, The directional displacement can be matched to one selected compartment 106. Ru. Slot 102 is relatively narrow and can accommodate stem 72 and tip 7 disposed at its distal end. It has enough width to clear o. Regarding the overall dimensions of the chamber 36 The area occupied by the slot 102 allows a significant amount of air to flow between the interior and exterior of the chamber 36. diameter small enough to prevent flow. Therefore, the slot 102 is connected to the heater 3. The effect on chamber temperature control controlled by 8 is negligible. (Figure 1 ) In accordance with a feature of the invention, the tip 7o of the pipette 4o is connected to the selection compartment 108. A light detection system that notifies the microprocessor 62 when the user has traveled a predetermined distance downward from the A system 108 is provided. Detection system 108 may include, for example, a semiconductor that emits infrared radiation. A light source 110, which can be a body diode, is provided.・Detection system 1 08 also includes a detector 112 and the light is shown as beam 114. semiconductor A detector 112, which may include a body photodiode, The current along line 116 is modulated in response to light beam 114 that is generated.

Detection system 108 includes an electrical comparison circuit 118 that measures the magnitude of the current on line 106. Contains. As an example of the configuration of the circuit 118, the circuit 118 includes a comparator 120 and a comparator 120. It includes a resistive voltage divider 124 that provides a reference voltage to the voltage regulator 120. The voltage divider 124 is A potentiometer that manually adjusts the quasi-voltage for initial alignment of the detection system 108. Equipped with a meter. alignment of the comparator according to the transparency of the tip 70. A reference voltage is selected.

In operation of the detection system 308, when the pipette 4o is not present, the light beam 1 14 total intensities are incident on detector 112. For example, pipette 4o is indicated by a dotted line. One reservoir 66 can be located as shown in FIG.

A maximum current is applied on line 116 while the intensity of the optical signal received by detector 112 is maximum. and the voltage appears. During the descent of the pipette 4°, the tip 70 catches the light J11114. Giru. Line 116 is connected to the input terminal of comparator 120 so that pipette 40 Under maximum illumination of the detector 112, before the beam 114 is blocked by Calibrator 12o.

122 outputs a logic 1 signal to microprocessor 62. Hikari PA114 is even If this happens, the intensity of the light received by the detector 112 will drop significantly. The degree of shading is at the tip 70 depending on the transparency. Preferably, the tip 70 completely shadows the detector 112. Made of translucent polymer material that reduces light intensity without falling off.

The voltage reference value of voltage divider 124 determines the amount of light transmitted by the tip by detector 112. The comparator 12 outputs a logic l signal indicating the low level, Ll, of the received light. is set to be sufficient to excite 0. The light beam 114 is blocked by the tip 70. If the intensity of the light received by the detector 112 becomes too low, the intensity of the light received by the detector 112 becomes too low. A zero is not excited and the comparator outputs a logic O. Therefore, the tip 70 moves in the Z direction. condition as it advances along the path to the selection compartment 106 of the module 22; There is one bit output from comparator circuit 118 indicating the position.

Fluid reagent is forced into pipette tip 70 by vacuum and controlled by control unit 128. The pressure sent to the pipette 40 through the suction tube 126 under the Served. The tube 128 is flexible and is connected to the control unit in all positions of the pipette 40. 128 to pipette 40. The control unit 128 Commands the control unit 128 to apply a fluid-directing vacuum and, if necessary, apply a vacuum to direct the fluid. Connected to a microprocessor 62 that releases the air and applies positive pressure to dispense fluid reagent. It is. Fluid suction is performed from one selected reservoir 66. fluid reagent The dispensing of the tip 70 into a selected compartment within the designated module 22 106 only when in position to supply fluid to 106. In addition, the reagents are modules 22 into only one compartment 106 and into another compartment l Please understand that it will be supplied to O6. In this regard, storing fluid reagents The reservoir is located within module 22 remote from module 22, such as on table 68. Can be placed directly. The positions of the various reservoirs 66 on the table 68 are mapped. The data is stored in the memory of the microprocessor 62. This allows the microprocessor 62 moves the table 68 to the specified address in the Y direction, and moves the pipette 40 in the X direction. can be moved to the specified address, and the required reset can be done by the X and Y components of the address. server 66 can be completely identified. Similarly, microprocessor 62 The position of the usable tip 70 held in the cable 68 is memorized and the continuous tip 70 is stored. can be selected and attached to the stem 72.

Transport 64 secures tip 70 to stem 72 of pipette 40 and It operates in the process of removing the tip 70 from the tip 72. The procedure is to lift the pipette 40. It begins with tip 70 clearing slot 102 .

Pipette 40 is then free to move along beam 74 to extractor 130. can. The extractor 130 has a semicircular channel 132 cut out in its horizontal edge. , the diameter of channel 132 is large enough for channel 132 to clear stem 72. small enough to open and engage channel 132 with tip 70. microprocessor Under the direction of sensor 62, the pipette draws with tip 70 lower than channel 132. It is moved toward the output device 130. Stem 72 enters channel 132 and then pivots. Pet 40 is lifted to engage tip 70 with extractor 130 . The stem 72 Even when lifted out of the tip 70, the tip 70 remains fixed. then ahead End 70 is dropped into bin 134 which collects used tips 70. The extractor 130 Used at the start of operation of device 20 to ensure that stem 72 is free to accept new tip 70. It is recommended to make it possible to guarantee that the

Once it is ensured that the stem 72 can freely receive the tip 70, the pipette 40 The displacement in the X direction transports the table 68 to a position on the table 68, where the table 68 is moved in the Y direction. The stem 72 is pulled up and engaged with the selected tip 70 held on the table 68. match. Pipette 40 then descends into frictional contact with the inner surface of tip 70. after that , the pipette is lifted and the tip is held at the distal end of the stem 72 by frictional force.

Also, with reference to FIG. Shown in frictional contact with a surface. Channel 136 extends along the central longitudinal axis of tip 70. It extends from one end of the tip to the other end. Channel 136 is circular with varying diameters. The cross section has a larger diameter at the top end 138 than at the bottom end 140. Ste As the dam 72 descends into the channel 136, the narrowing of the channel 136 causes a frictional force. The raised tip 70 is tightened to the stem 72.

These frictional forces sweep open tip 70 that transfers fluid reagents during testing procedures of device 20. It is sufficient to securely attach to the stem 72. However, after the transfer of fluidic reagents, the frictional force The extractor 130 is large enough to allow the tip 70 to slide away from the stem 72. It's hard.

In accordance with the practice of the present invention, the method of securing stem 72 to tip 70 Note that the position of the top continuous tip 70 is substantially uniform. However Flexibility of the polymeric material of the tip 70 due to contact with the relatively rigid tube of the hollow stem 72 and some variation in the frictional force between the tips 70 and the distal end of the stem 72. It has been found that the position of orifice 140 in tip 70 varies somewhat.

This variation is sufficient to ensure that there is no significant difference in administering fluid into the compartments of module 22. Accurate source. The present invention uses light beam 114 to determine the position of orifice 140 in tip 70. By sensing these variations in tip position are automatically corrected. Change in tip position More about the inventive procedure for correcting motion! ! The line diagram in Figure 4 and Figures 5 to 6 The explanation will be made with reference to a flow diagram.

FIG. 4 shows the interconnection of microprocessor 62 and servo motor 86 shown in FIG. A feedback circuit 142 is shown that operates the vertical pipette drive 78. Shown in Figure 4 , the circuit 142 includes an adder 144, a D/A converter 146, and a filter 14. 8, amplifier 1501 axis angle encoder 152, memory of microprocessor 62 154 and an input device 156, such as a keyboard, for inputting data into the memory 154. Contains.

In operation, to lower pipette 40 toward module 22 (FIG. 2), The microprocessor 62 associates a new position on the path of movement of the pipette 40 in the Z direction. Continuously input. The position signal of microprocessor 62 is input to one input of adder 144. Added to child. The current position of the tip 70 evaluated by the encoder 152 is the adder 14 4 is added to the second input terminal of adder 144 and subtracted from the input value of the first terminal of adder 144. Ru. The position of the tip 70 relative to the stem 72 varies from tip to tip due to the friction fit. encoder 152 determines the exact position of pipette stem 72 rather than tip 70. Please understand that it gives a value. Therefore, the encoder 152 outputs The axis angle value is only an estimate of the true position of tip 70.

The output signals of the encoder 152 and the microprocessor 62 are digitally formatted. will be made into a cut. Adder 144 forms the difference between these two signals to converter 14 6 to convert the digital format signal to an analog signal. converter The analog signal output from 146 is considered to be a loop error signal of feedback circuit 142. It will be done. The rube error signal is filtered by filter 148, which is a normal return signal. According to the configuration of the return loop, it can be a low-pass filter, with lead-lag A filter component may be included. Filter 148 adds stability to the feedback loop. give. The output signal of filter 148 is amplified by amplifier 150 and sent to the servo motor. data 86.

The loop gain and bandwidth established by amplifier 150 and filter 148 are As well known in the design of servomechanisms, the loop dynamics determine the response. The motor 86 is moved to the rotational position commanded by the microprocessor 62. Rotate towards. As the motor 86 rotates, the vertical drive 78 moves the pipette 4 0 falls.

An alternative embodiment of the feedback circuit configuration of FIG. Functions are controlled directly by the microprocessor 62 by appropriate programming. Please see what you can accomplish within Sessa 62.

In such a case, computer 62 directly connects amplifier 15 via converter 146. A zero error signal is output and the motor 86 is driven. Also, if desired, servo motor 86 is actuated in response to digital pulses commanding incremental rotational displacement of the motor's rotor. It can be replaced with a step motor (not shown). In such cases, add calculator 144, converter 146, filter 148, amplifier 150 and shaft angle The encoder 152 is no longer required and the microprocessor 62 is a known motor that drives the motor. is programmed to output step motor control pulses.

Create a vertical pipette drive 78 using any one of these feedback loop configurations. The configuration of FIG. 4 is shown to facilitate understanding of the implementation of the present invention. I would like you to understand what is happening.

With respect to the circuit shown in FIG. along the path of pipette 40 until a break in the wire is signaled to microprocessor 62. Continue entering more position values. Here, due to the contact between the tip 70 and the light beam 114, the tip The position of the end 70 is known accurately. Pipette 40 advances a further distance and then modulates tip 70. The supply position is set for the joule 22. The value of the additional travel distance is stored in the memory 154. microprocessor 62 moves data from memory 154 Read. The operator of the device 20 has knowledge of the module 22 configuration, especially the cal-cell The need for additional movement is based on the height of the module 156 relative to the top surface of the module 24. Give data. This height data is input to the memory 154 via the input device 156. be done.

The operation of the feedback circuit 142 will be explained with reference to the timing diagrams in FIGS. 2 and 7. I will explain further. Before lowering the pipette 40, the tip 70 is connected to the carousel 24 and It is of sufficient height to transfer the pipette 40 between tables 68 in the X direction. this is called the transport level in FIG. Next, the pipette 40 is moved as shown in FIG. An initial descent will be made during the flight. The initial fall period ends with the rupture of beam 114. the Afterwards, there is a final descent period during which the pipette 40 descends an additional stroke. This allows pipette The tip of the cut is at the dosage level shown in FIG. At the end of the dosing period, the feedback circuit 142 returns the pipette 40 to the transfer level during the retraction period shown in FIG.

Figure 7 also shows safety levels, which will be explained with reference to the flow diagrams in Figures 5 and 6. I will clarify.

Referring to FIG. The features of the invention for lowering the robot to the point 22 will be explained with reference to a flowchart. The flow diagram is Activate the direct pipette drive 78 (Figures 2 and 4) to lower the pipette 40. FIG. The operation of the microprocessor 62 will be explained. Pi to module 22 The pet's descent begins at block 160. At block 162, ray 1 14 (FIG. 2) is present. The microprocessor 62 The high and low signals output from comparator circuit 118 are examined to determine the presence of a beam.

Since the pipette 40 is in a high position, the beam 114 is not broken and therefore the beam 11 4 is present and comparator 120 outputs a logic 1 signal indicating the total intensity of beam 114. It should be. If no rays are present, at block 164, the device 120 The operator will be notified to correct any apparent malfunctions in the equipment.

If a ray is present, the procedure advances to block 166 where microprocessor 62 commands the lowering of the pipette 40 as described above with reference to FIG. Therefore, The microprocessor 62 is as fast as the dynamic, responsive feedback loop 142. continuously input new positions along the path of movement of the pipette 40. pipette 4 Periodically, during the fall of 0, the microprocessor 62 compares the output signal of the comparator circuit 118 with to determine whether there was an interruption of ray 114, and this determination is made in block 1 It will be held at 68.

Assuming no interruption of the beam 114 by the pipette 40, the motion is 70 to block 172 to determine if the safety level (Figure 7) has been reached. Set. The stem 72 of the pipette 40 cannot fix the tip 70 to the table 68 There is a possibility of system failure.

This may occur if the operator neglects to load a set of tips 70 on table 68 or There is a scratch on the tip so that appropriate frictional force can be obtained to fix the tip to the stem 72. This may occur due to various reasons such as lack of. The shaft angle encoder 152 (Fig. 4) In order to continuously output position data to the microprocessor 62, the microprocessor The server 62 has knowledge of the distal end position of the stem 72. The far end of the stem 72 is the ray 1 14, the tip 70, if present, causes the ray 114 to be I'm gouged. The safety level is determined by the microprocessor 62 when the stem 72 is set to the light beam 11. This is the lowest point from which you can fall without blocking 4.

Once the safety level is reached, microprocessor 62 assumes tip 70 is not present. Having concluded, operation proceeds to block 174 where the microprocessor 62 commands pipette 40 to be retracted to the transfer level.

As mentioned above, at the transfer level, the pipette 40 is attached to the top wall 1 of the temperature controlled chamber 36. 04, the operator can completely look at the stem 72 and perform a corrective action. can.

From block 174, operation proceeds to block 176 where the operator is informed to take corrective action.

During normal operation of the device 20, the tip 70 is provided on the stem 72, thus blocking the block. In the beam 172, the safety level cannot be reached unless the light beam 114 is blocked. Therefore, The operation runs from block 172 along line 178 back to block 166. The microprocessor 62 then continues to lower the pipette at a preset speed. O The operation continues at block 166 until ray 114 is interrupted at line 180. ．． Repeat steps 168 and 170. If the light beam 144 is blocked, the signal or logic 1 will be ignored. A change in the output signal of the comparator circuit 118 such that 62 will be notified.

Assuming that tip 70 exists, if the ray is interrupted at line 180, the ratio The output signal of comparator circuit 118 is a logic zero indicating movement of tip 70 toward module 22. The microprocessor determines that the tip 70 has reached the position of the light beam 114 along the path. 62. Therefore, in program 182, microprocessor 62 determines the supply level position (Figure 7) required for the tip 70 to reach the supply level. Calculate the additional travel amount. 6 for operations within block 182. This will be explained in more detail with reference to the following.

In FIG. 5, operations flow from block 182 to block 186 via line 186. 188, where the pipette 40 is further lowered to bring the tip 70 to the dose level. Place it in This lowering of the pipette was described above with reference to feedback circuit 142 in FIG. The microprocessor 62 determines the position of the pipette along its travel path. input to set the tip 70 at the supply level. Thereafter, at block 190, the master Microprocessor 62 commands inhalation sterilization unit 128 to select module 22. The constant compartment 106 is supplied with fluid. Thereafter, at block 192, Pipette 40 is returned from module 22 to the transfer level. Thus, the system 20 may initiate other steps of the test procedure for module 22.

A block that checks the filling of the pipette tip and then calculates the additional movement of the pipette. The detailed procedure of step 182 (FIG. 5) is shown in FIG. The procedure at line 180 is Go to step 194 and check the light intensity. At block 194 the light is completely turned off. When this happens, both the H and L signals of the comparator circuit 118 become logic O, as described above. , which causes microprocessor 62 to determine in block 198 that the pipette is It can be determined that it is loaded.

Thereafter, at block 200, the microprocessor outputs the output from encoder 152. Read the current pipette position being applied (Figure 4). After this, block 202 At this point, the position data of module 22 is read and stored in memory 154. This is the data that was used (Figure 4).

Module position data indicates the position of module 22 relative to the top surface 158 of carcell 24. Indicates the top position. The distance between ray 114 and carousel surface 158 is known and constant. This module data determines the distance between the top surface of module 22 and ray 114. Equivalent to feeding to a microprocessor. Therefore, at block 204, The additional distance between the beam 114 and the module 22 adds to the vertical distance traveled by the pipette 40. and the vertical distance is provided by encoder 152. This allows the pipette tip to The encoder 152 reading obtained when 70 reaches the dose level is given. Ru. This information is transmitted to the pipette 4 by the microprocessor 62 which activates the circuitry of FIG. Used to continuously descend 0. Therefore, the operation is shown in Figure 5. The process can proceed via line 186 to block 188, as described above for reference.

The timing diagram in Figure 7 is used in the explanation of the circuit in Figure 4 and the procedure in Figures 5 and 6. Referenced. Briefly, Figure 7 shows the constant rate of descent of the pipette tip 70 during the initial descent period. Show below. This is followed by a pause period during which the beam conditions are observed and the pipette tip 70 is inserted. A final descent follows to bring it to the given level. At the end of the dosing period, the tip 70 returns to the transfer level. be drawn into the room. A stable level is located between the beam level and the supply level.

The above description describes how to pipette with an accuracy independent of the position of the pipette tip 70 on the pipette stem 72. It concerns the operation of the device 20 with which the pet can be lowered.

With reference to FIG. 1, FIG. 8, and FIG. 9, the structure and division of an embodiment of the temperature control chamber 36 The operation of the analysis device 20 will be explained in more detail. Fruit of temperature control room 36 The embodiment is circular and operated by one pipette, eg pipette 40. Pi The pet mechanism 44 includes a chamber 36 and a selectable reservoir 6 of the plurality of reservoirs 66. 6 for moving the pipette 40 in the radial direction X of the chamber 36; It is equipped with 4. The reservoir 66 has two axes (X and and Y) in the direction Y perpendicular to the pipette movement X of the transport 64 to enable selection. It is placed on a table 68 that can be translated by . transport 64 and table 68 Since the motor drive is commercially available, a detailed explanation will not be provided. This type of analyzer , disposable pipette tips are typically used only for the transfer of solid fluids, and the assay results be discarded to avoid contamination causing errors. Therefore, the table 68 has a pin. A quantity of tip 70 is mounted which is inserted into the stem 72 of pet 40. Tip 70 is slid by friction force by pushing down the hestem 72 inside the tip 70 on the table 68. is attached to the stem 72. The tip 70 is a puller disposed along the table 68 130 from the stem 72, and the extractor 130 is moving the tip 70 upward. The hook flange 276 has a channel 132 that wraps around and withdraws the tip 70. It is growing.

In accordance with the present invention, the temperature controlled chamber 36 is located at the top wall 10 of the carcell 24. 4. Located below the car cell 24 and acts as the floor 280 of the temperature control room 36 A bottom wall, an outer wall 282 extending from the top wall 104 to the bottom wall 280, and a cal- It has two side walls consisting of an inner wall 284 towards the center point of the cell 24. Top wall 1 04 is circular. The upper region 286 of the chamber 36 includes the top wall 104 and the carousel. 24, a top surface 158, an outer wall 282, and an inner wall 284.

In embodiments, the sample fluid and any other required fluid reagents are delivered to assay module 22. the latter being in a temperature-controlled chamber according to the invention. Therefore, the pipette 40 A slot 1 is provided in the top wall 104 of the chamber 36 for access to the module 22. 02 is provided. The slots 102 are arranged in the radial direction of the oven 36 parallel to the X direction. Extending. Slot 102 accommodates multiple compartments 10 of module 22. The stem 72 of the pipette 40 is selectively slotted over the desired compartment within the pipette 6. It is positioned relative to the transport 64 so that it can be lowered through the cut 102.

The length of the slot 102 is equal to the length of the module 22, and The displacement in the direction can be matched with one selected compartment 1'06. Ru. Slot 102 is relatively narrow and surrounded by grommet 294. slot 102 is sufficient to clear stem 72 and tip 70 disposed at its distal end. It has a width. With respect to the entire length of chamber 36, the footprint of slot 102 is The temperature control chamber 36 is small enough not to create any significant amount of airflow between the interior and exterior of the control chamber 36. Therefore, chi The effect of slot 102 on chamber temperature control is negligible.

Chamber 36 further includes two heaters, a top heater supported on top wall 104. A bottom heater 298 is supported on the heater 296 and the bottom wall 280 to control chamber temperature. Equipped with: A bottom heater 298 is connected to the carcell 24 in the lower region of the chamber 36. and the floor 280.

An insertion port 302 is provided in the outer wall 282 facing the injector 58 and - inserting the module 22 into the berth 54 of the cell 24 and removing the module from the berth 54; Provides access to arm 60 for withdrawing roll 22.

A frame 304 is provided for supporting sensors necessary for operation of temperature control system 20. Located within the upper region 286, one such sensor 306 measures the chamber temperature. provided for sensing. The frame 304 is connected to the outer wall 28 by brackets 308. Fixed to 2. As an example of the frame 304 structure, the frame 304 includes the sensor 30 6 (not shown in FIGS. 8 and 9), such as a preamplifier that amplifies the electrical signal from 6. It can be configured as a circuit board that supports electrical circuitry. electric cable 312, 314 and 316 represent the top heater 296, bottom heater 298 and sensor 30, respectively. 6 to connect these components to a circuit outside the temperature controlled room.

A temperature controlled chamber 36 is provided to facilitate maintaining a substantially constant temperature within the chamber 36. It is desirable to minimize airflow between the interior of the equipment and the external environment. Therefore, the inner wall 28 4 and the car cell 24, giving enough clearance space between the car cell 24 and the car cell 24. In the air lock 318 that allows relative movement between the inner walls 284, the inner walls 284 are The clearance space corresponds to the top surface 158 of the roucelle 24 and the clearance space of the chamber 36. It is narrow enough to prevent airflow between the interior wall and the exterior environment. Aerotsk 31 8 consists of an inner circular rib 320 and an outer circular rib 322, which have a radius of forming a channel spaced apart in the direction to receive the lip 324 of the inner wall 284; . The axis of rotation 26 supporting the car-cell 24 passes through an opening 326 in the bottom wall 280.

Aperture 326 provides clearance space for rotation axis 26 to rotate. Mo The rotation by the gear 28 and the gear 30 (Fig. 1) is performed by a motor connected to the rotary shaft 26 in Fig. 9. Represented by live unit 328. Due to the clearance space of opening 326 Air flow between the interior of chamber 36 and the outside environment is prevented. Therefore, the bottom wall 280 Together with the clearance space of the opening 326, it can be considered as an aerodynamic space 330. Ru.

The remaining openings through which air is exchanged between the inside and outside of chamber 36 are spigots 302 and pipettes. This is the cut slot 102.

Receptacle 302 is essentially an inlet except when module 22 is threaded into receptacle 302. It is closed by the structure of the injector 58. Slot 102 connects the chamber interior and exterior ring. The dimensions are such that the amount of air exchanged between the boundaries can be ignored.

For example, for a car cell 24 approximately 33 cm (13 inches) in diameter, the slot 102 with a radius narrower than approximately 6.35 mm (174 inches) and approximately 33 m The length can be less than 1.3 inches (m). In addition, the lower region 300 The volume of the chamber 3 is sufficiently small, and the gap 332 between the carcell 24 and the outer wall 282 is small enough to minimize airflow between the upper region 286 and the lower region 300 of 6. Sai. Additionally, the volume of the upper region 286 is the same as that between the module 22 and the frame 304. The volume is as large as necessary to accommodate the sensor assembly 334 consisting of the sensor 306.

If the internal volume of the upper region 286 is minimized, the temperature will be increased as will be described later with reference to FIG. 1O. The dynamic response of the temperature control system 336 is improved and the temperature control system 336 is The response to passing is reduced. Since the upper region 286 has a toroidal shape, the upper region 286 has a toroidal shape. Helps reduce volume.

Additionally, to maintain air circulation from the upper region 286 and lower region 300. , the car cell 24 has a plurality of openings, ie, ventilation holes, which open when the car cell rotates. It is provided with fins that direct air to the mouth. One such opening 311 are shown as fins 313.

In the example, each is approximately 1/2 inch by 1/2 inch. Eight such openings (4 inches) are provided in the car-cell. In addition, Since Roussel can rotate in either direction, half of the fins are placed in each direction. It is desirable to facilitate air circulation regardless of the direction of rotation.

As shown in FIG. 1O, temperature control system 336 includes a temperature sensor as disclosed in FIG. 306 and heaters 296 and 298. Furthermore, temperature control system 3 36 is a temperature setting potentiometer 338, a subtracter 340, a filter 342, and an adder. device 344, reference voltage source 346, pulse width modulator 348, clock pulse generator 3 50 and a power source 352.

In operation, potentiometer 338 is connected between voltage V and ground with a hand at terminal 354. provides a dynamically adjustable output voltage, which is applied to a first terminal of subtractor 340. Sen The output voltage of sensor 306 is connected to a second input terminal of subtractor 340. Subtractor 34 0 forms a voltage difference between potentiometer 338 and sensor 306 to filter filter 34. The circuit is equipped with a known circuit such as an operational amplifier (not shown) that supplies power to the circuit 2. Heater 29 6.298 is connected in series between the output terminals of the power supply 352, and the power supply 352 is connected to the heater 29. 6. Supply current to 298 to generate heat. The heat is from the heater 296.298. A wave 356 is shown propagating toward the sensor 306.

Power supply 352 is turned on by pulses provided by generator 350 via modulator 348. turned off. The voltage reference of power supply 346 is applied to modulator 348 via summer 344. and establishes the basic width of the pulses output from modulator 348 to power supply 352.

The repetition frequency of the pulses is established by generator 350. Basic pulse width and repetition frequency Duty cycle to manage the excitation current to the heater 296.298 by combining the numbers is established, which sets the temperature near the car cell 24, e.g. 37°±0.5°C, Keep the correction within the desired range. The output voltage of filter 342 is applied to summer 344. Algebraically added to the reference voltage of power supply 346, the amount of heat generated by heaters 296 and 298 is The necessary pulse width adjustments are made to increase or decrease. For example, if the sensor 306 potentiometer 338 in response to the chamber temperature given by 96.298. , the error signal output from the subtracter 340 will be zero. (b), and the modulator 348 outputs a pulse with the basic pulse width.

The circuit of Figure 1O can be considered a feedback circuit, which controls heaters 296 and When connected to sensor 306, heat wave 356 lube is completed. Sensor 306 is potenti When a voltage different from the voltage of the meter 338 is output, the subtracter 340 outputs a voltage different from the voltage of the meter 338. The loop error signal adjusts the output pulse width of modulator 348 to achieve the desired chamber temperature. have the appropriate orientation, positive or negative, and appropriate amplitude to maintain the degree of control. for example If the sensed temperature is too low, the pulse width increases and the sensed temperature is too high. and the pulse width is reduced. Filter 342 is used to refine the dynamic response of the feedback loop. A low-pass filter, commonly used in feedback circuits, can be used for control purposes. I can do it.

By properly programming the microprocessor software, the system I want you to know that you have complete control. In this embodiment, subtractor 340 router 342, power supply 344, pulse width modulator 348 and clock pulse generator 35 0 is not required.

The assay module is typically at a room temperature of 15 to 20 degrees cooler than the chamber; Inserting module 22 through receptacle 302 interrupts chamber temperature. This is the main factor. In a typical automatic analyzer, one sample is removed from the chamber every 10 seconds. The validation module is introduced into the carcell, and of course such percentages are It depends on the number of empty parses on the file. Verification procedure to stabilize module temperature The module 22 can be held in the upper chamber 36 for more than one minute before starting. However, the chamber temperature near the car cell 1 and the module should be set to 37°±0, for example. ．． only by maintaining the module and its contents within the desired value of 5°C. The desired temperature of the test materials and reagents being tested is achieved. Therefore, modules are issued frequently. If the temperature fluctuates as the chamber temperature fluctuates rapidly, the carousel and assay The temperature near the module may be outside the desired range.

To maintain the desired chamber temperature and prevent fluctuations due to module introduction, The pulse repetition frequency from generator 350 is determined by the module introduction speed, the Nyquist criterion, For example, the current pulse from power supply 352 should be at least twice It may occur at a repetition frequency of one pulse per second. The average duration of the pulse is It may be 2 seconds. This allows the dynamic response of the temperature control system 336. The answer will be the appropriate speed to handle the module introduction speed. module comper Temperature sensor 306 is equipped with a module to properly sense the temperature of the opening of It is placed directly above the surface including the top surface of the roll 22. Further, as described above, the upper region 2 The volume of the chamber 86 is minimized to reduce the amount of air to be heated and the air flow flowing through the chamber 36. Reduce quantity.

Using the metal heat transfer inner wall 284 with the metal heat transfer top wall 104, the heating area is It extends to the main portion of region 286 and improves the thermal response. Bottom wall 280 and car cell 2 The lower region 30 of the chamber 36 is formed of a relatively low conductivity polymeric material. 0 has no opening such as the insertion port 302, and therefore the bottom heater 298 in the lower region 300 Please note that the temperature in the lower region remains stable. Therefore, the bottom wall 2 80 and outer wall 282 are constructed from an easy-to-manufacture, low-cost polymeric material, and an annular top wall is constructed. Only 78 and the cylindrical inner wall 284 can be made of metal. polyurethane, po Any suitable polymeric material, such as recarbonate, may be used for the bottom and outer walls. Wear.

With reference to FIG. 11, one feature of certain specimens is that test results are Depends on the relative humidity value within.

A type of sample showing results affected by humidity was dated July 19, 1989 from the same brewery. In a “dry” multilayer specimen such as that described in U.S. Patent Application No. 382.552, be.

In one example of such an analyte, a fluorescent species is used in the assay to identify the components of interest within the fluid specimen. A fluorescence readout signal is provided that is a function of the analyte or component. Typically, the optical read signal is The sample flow is applied to a fluid standard curve in which the concentration of the analyte or component of interest is known. The concentration of the body is detected. The signal obtained from the sample or the fluctuation of the relative humidity value in the temperature-controlled room If humidity fluctuates with humidity, an error will occur in the test results due to humidity That is obvious. Therefore, for such specimens, the temperature of the frame 304 etc. A humidifier that can be placed within the temperature chamber 36 or within the device 20 outside the chamber 36. It is necessary to use a degree sensor to correct the read signal. Humidity from humidity sensor 310 The degree value is set by a microcontroller programmed to modify the output signal in an appropriate manner. It is given to the processor 62.

Various devices and data sources and microphones within the apparatus 20 of FIGS. 1, 2, and 8. The interconnection of the processors 62 is shown in FIG. In particular, the microprocessor 62 and the following: temperature sensor 306 (FIGS. 8 and 9), humidity sensor 3 10 (FIGS. 8 and 9), module ejector 58 (FIGS. 1 and 8), A workstation 34 (Fig. 1) that performs optical reading, a barcode reader 358 ( (Fig. 8), table positioning mechanism 68 (Fig. 2), car cell drive unit 328 (FIG. 9), mechanically connected to the rotating shaft 26 and the drive unit 328. Axial angle encoder 306 (FIG. 9) providing car-cell position, and pipette 40 Please pay attention to the connection with the transport 64 that positions the image in the X and Z directions. Ma The microprocessor 62 has a memory unit 3 which shows values of a set of graphs shown in FIG. 62 are provided. Add memory 362 with optical read signal and humidity measurement value The memory 362 outputs the value of the analyte or component of interest.

Regarding the barcode reader 358, there is a label 364 on the side of the module 22. Advantageously, a barcode is placed (FIG. 8) to identify the module. leader As an example of the arrangement of 358, it is possible to the insertion boat 302 along the path of travel of the module 22 during insertion into the bar 36; Can be positioned. The barcode label 62 is attached to the reader 3 of the module 22. 58 and the module 22 is placed on the side opposite the chamber 36 during insertion of the module 22 into the chamber 36. The label 362 can be read as the module passes the reader 58. Ba - The code tells the microprocessor 62 what tests to perform and tells the operator avoids a source of error when a controller needs to command a device.

FIG. 13 shows the flowchart for testing a sample fluid using the microprocessor 62. -Fig. The procedure begins by inserting the module via injector 58 be done. Arm 60 moves module 22 through the head of reader 358. Once passed, the barcode on label 362 is read by reader 358. Lee The data read by reader 358 is input to microprocessor 62. module The bar 22 passes through the insertion boat 302 and is seated within the berth 54. Then the module the chamber 36 and its contents rise from ambient room temperature to the warm temperature within chamber 36. The module can be rotated on the carousel 24 for a period of time. module When the module 22 is inserted, the specific berth 54 holding the module 22 is identified, and the berth identification is determined by the carcell position measured by shaft angle encoder 360.

Before the warm-up period is over, table 68 (Figure 2) shows that pipette 40 or new The fluid sample in one selected reservoir 66 is filled by obtaining a sharp tip 70. is positioned. The pipette is filled with the selected specimen and then the module 22 is positioned on module 106 where pipette 40 is connected to module 2. Reagents are supplied to 2. Temperature and humidity data of the environment within the chamber 36 or the sensor 3 06.310 to microprocessor 62. managed by pipette The fluid sample is allowed to react with reagents within the module compartment 106 for a predetermined period of time. can do. If the temperature is incorrect, the microprocessor issues a fault signal. Strengthen. Any other necessary reagents are then supplied to the module.

At the end of the reagent reaction time, module 22 is positioned at optical reading station 34. and the module can be radiated with appropriate excitation energy. At observation position 50 Readings of the energy emitted at the Adjustments to relative humidity are made as described above. Once the certification is complete, the certification module The module is removed from the chamber. Therefore, the analyzer of the present invention can perform multiple tests. can be carried out efficiently.

The foregoing embodiments of the invention are for illustrative purposes only, and modifications thereof may be made by those skilled in the art. I think that the. Accordingly, the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but rather by the scope of the claims. limited only.

FIG.5 FIG.7 FIG. 10 fluorescence FIG, 1l FIG. 12 Summary book An automated analyzer that performs assays for components of interest in fluid samples.

This device is placed in the temperature control room and is carried by a conveyor to the verification module. A fluid supply device is included for administering fluid to the joule. This device is a microprocessor. This is done by modifying the measurement of the verification module, which is activated by the sensor and performed by the optical device. It includes a humidity sensor that compensates for the effects of relative humidity on the measurements. Certification module The furnace barcode reader is activated by the tool code label on the tool and the microprocessor is activated. Provide test information to the test provider.

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Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. An automatic analyzer for assaying components of interest in a fluid sample, the device comprising: A conveyor that carries multiple samples, At least the conveyor section for carrying the specimen is accommodated, and the assay module is mounted on the conveyor section. a place for insertion onto and removal from the a temperature controlled chamber having an opening for supplying fluid to the verification module; a fluid supply system for supplying fluid to the verification module carried by the conveyor; With Tim, placing a verification module on the conveyor and removing the module therefrom; and means to A function of the component of interest in the fluid sample is determined by applying excitation energy to the assay module. optical means for providing an optical signal, means for measuring relative humidity values within the device; and a microprocessor. An automatic analyzer equipped with 2. The analyzer according to claim 1, wherein the assay module comprises a barcode label. and a barcode reader for reading the barcode label. . 3. The analyzer according to claim 2, wherein the analyzer can simultaneously perform a plurality of different assays. A plurality of different verification models are installed on the conveyor in the temperature controlled room. The barcode label data specifies a specific assay method, and the barcode label data specifies the specific assay method. The processor stores the barcode of each verification module for each verification module. An automated analyzer that directs the instrument to perform the assay specified by the label. 4. The analyzer according to claim 3, wherein the conveyor comprises a circular carousel. and the temperature controlled chamber extends circumferentially along the carousel and is located inside the carousel. extending radially inward partway toward the center and exposing a central region of said carousel; while an enclosure housing the surrounding area of the carousel; means for selecting a maintenance temperature within said enclosure, said enclosure having two side walls; one of which is an outer wall and the other is an inner wall, the inner wall being disposed radially inwardly of the outer wall; and a top wall spaced apart from the carousel and connecting the inner and outer walls. and is provided with airlock means connecting said inner wall to said carousel. Dynamic analysis equipment. 5. 4. The analyzer according to claim 4, wherein the air lock means locks the carousel. relative movement is allowed between the cell and the enclosure; The outer wall extends from the upper region of the carousel through the outer edge of the carousel to the carousel. Extending to the lower area of Roussel, The airlock means is formed between a lip formed on the bottom edge of the inner wall and the carousel. channel means disposed on the top surface, said channel means surrounding said lip; said temperature for supplying fluid to the calibration module enclosed and conveyed by said conveyor. The opening within the control chamber is a slot extending radially within the top wall of the chamber. Consisting of the location for inserting the assay module comprises a portion of one of the side walls; The temperature maintaining means is disposed within the chamber to maintain the temperature of a certain area of the chamber. automatic analysis equipment, including means for sensing. 6. 6. The analytical device of claim 5, wherein the fluid administration system includes a pipette, a means for aspirating fluid into the tip carried by the pipette; and said top of said chamber. transfer the pipette into the slot in the wall to connect the assay module in the chamber; An automatic analyzer equipped with means for pumping fluid into the chamber. 7. The analyzer according to claim 6, further comprising: supplying fluid to the module. Optically align the pipette tip orifice to the desired position relative to the assay module before An automated analytical device comprising means in said chamber for conditioning. 8. Claim 3. In the analytical apparatus described, the said supplying fluid to the assay module The opening in the temperature controlled chamber is located in the top wall of the chamber and is The system includes a pipette, a hand that aspirates fluid into the tip carried by the pipette. transporting the pipette into the stage and the opening in the chamber to An automated analyzer comprising means for delivering fluid to the assay module. 9. The analyzer according to claim 8, further comprising the module in the chamber. Place the pipette tip orifice against the assay module before supplying fluid to the chamber. An automated analyzer including means for optical adjustment to a desired position. 10. The analyzer according to claim 1, wherein the temperature for supplying the fluid to the assay module is The opening within the temperature control chamber is located in the top wall of the chamber and is configured to administer the fluid. The means comprises a pipette, means for aspirating fluid into a tip carried by said pipette, and Transfer the pipette into the opening in the chamber to remove the assay module in the chamber. An automatic analyzer equipped with a means for pumping fluid into the joule. 11. 10. The analyzer according to claim 10, further comprising a module in the chamber. Place the pipette tip orifice against the assay module before supplying fluid to the module. an automatic analyzer including means for optically adjusting the sample to a desired position. 12. The analyzer according to claim 11, wherein the conveyor comprises a circular carousel. the temperature controlled chamber extends circumferentially along the carousel and extending partway radially inward toward the center of the cell to form a central region of said carousel; an enclosure containing the surrounding area of the carousel while exposing the area; means for selecting a maintenance temperature within said enclosure, said enclosure having two side walls; , one of which is an outer wall and the other is an inner wall, the inner wall being disposed radially inwardly of the outer wall. a top wall spaced apart from the carousel and connecting the inner and outer walls; An automatic analysis device comprising an airlock means for connecting the inner and outer walls.