JPH05500101A - pressure control device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] pressure control device 〔Technical field〕 The present invention provides a method for controlling the closing behavior of a load switching clutch in a load switching transmission. A pressure control device that has a regulating valve that cooperates with a damper device as a pressure control valve. When the clutch is engaged each time, the pressure is placed in the pressure piping by the regulating valve. In cooperation with the throttle, the pressure curve is made to have a soft switching characteristic or a hard switching characteristic. This invention relates to a pressure control device.

[Background technology]

Such a pressure control valve is known from German Patent No. 1 650 928. Ru. In that case, the regulated pressure is introduced only to the load switching clutch. clutch The control piston, which regulates the system pressure for the control, also controls the regulated pressure for the clutch as well as Due to the action of the damper piston, a compression spring acts against it and! A adjustment and affects this damper piston in relation to the throttled pressure. Therefore , after filling the clutch, first of all the via of the spring located in the damper piston A pressure proportional to the gas pressure is generated. Pressure oil flows into the piston chamber of the damper through the restriction. and the damper piston diameter is larger than the valve spool diameter. Due to this, the damper piston is moved further in the direction of the valve spool and therefore The spring is more precompressed. The pressure inside the clutch depends on the bias pressure of this spring. A force lapse occurs.

All forces influencing the pressure course in the clutch, with the exception of load-related pressures, The size is structurally conditioned and thus determined. This is advantageous and Even when the clutch is equipped with a unique pressure control valve with dimensions determined to be the best in experiments. Trustworthy. However, it is also possible to determine the pressure profile in the clutch, especially with regard to the slipping time. You can't really control it.

[Disclosure of the invention]

The object of the invention is to provide pressure relief as defined in the generic parts of claims 1 and 9. The control device can be adjusted, for example, by adjusting the slip times and clutch pressures for the various gear changes. The goal is to improve it so that it can be controlled even more.

This object is achieved by the features of claims 1 and 9. group By moving the damper piston in a defined manner towards the control valve, The spring that flows is more strongly precompressed. Therefore, after filling the clutch to be switched A high initial pressure results for a hard switching characteristic. This hard switching characteristic results in short straws. This also saves time. In other words, only one pressure control valve allows for soft switching. Characteristics (bias piston device does not work, small initial pressure and long clutch switching due to sliding time) and hard switching characteristics (increased initial pressure and shortened sliding time) (switching by compression) can be implemented. Bias piston device is a pilot valve It is easily operated via. To implement a shortened sliding process and hard switching This pilot valve always directs system pressure to the piston chamber of the bias piston device. Enter. The pressure in the selected clutch causes the pilot valve to switch. , which empties the piston chamber of the bias piston device and creates a small initial pressure This allows soft switching over the entire damper stroke. Regulators, e.g. The spacing ring makes it easy to reduce slippage times even in the case of hard switching, as well as a predetermined high initialization. Pressure is determined. An expansion valve is arranged to introduce control pressure into the spring chamber of the damper device. The return of the damper piston and possibly the bias piston when Fast for rapid continuous switching.

The load is reduced by the arrangement of the throttle which determines the speed of the piston of the damper device. The slip time of the switching clutch can be influenced more greatly. at least one changes the slope of the pressure course curve when the orifice is arranged to be able to close and shut off can. In that case, a uniform but stepped pressure curve is obtained. For example, The second throttle can be turned on and off via a directional valve or, very simply, by a damper. This takes place via an auxiliary control edge to the control pressure on the piston of the pressure device.

The invention is not limited to the features of the claims. A person skilled in the art should Of course, it is also possible to implement various combinations of characteristic items within the scope of the request depending on the purpose. Wear.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the range of clutches to be switched in the control circuit of a speed change transmission. figure, Figure 2 shows the relationship between the pressure progression and time when the clutch takes over the load. line diagram, FIG. 3 is a partial diagram corresponding to FIG. 1 of a different embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a partial diagram of a different embodiment. A partial view corresponding to Fig. 2, and the second figure is a part corresponding to Fig. 2 of a further different embodiment. figure, FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the two-stage pressure control valve within the valve block.

[Practice the invention. FIG. 1 shows a damper device 2 (exclusion piston) It has a regulating valve 1 and a bias piston device 3. Two-stage pressure control valve It is shown. Pressure oil is the oil sump of the load switching transmission □ device as known by the pump 9. 91 and is discharged through the filter 92 at system pressure P8, while On the one hand, it is introduced into the regulating valve 1 through the throttle 40, and on the other hand, it is not throttled and is introduced into the clutch. Ni, Ni, K directional switching valve 71 4VR are introduced via a solenoid valve 8 to adjust these.

The pilot valve 5 also has a connection port through which system pressure is introduced via a pipe 51. child The connection port is arranged in the basic position of the pilot valve 5, i.e. under the action of the spring 53. It communicates with the piston chamber 31 of the bias piston device 3 via a pipe 52 . In addition It is also conceivable to have the pilot valve in the opposite shape. In that case, the pilot valve It is always cut off by the pressure of the spring, and one of the four pressures PK2 to P is applied to the clutch K-. K4 is used for the first time, and the piston chamber 31 of the bias piston device 3 is filled. be done. Pressure control valve (regulating valve 1), damper device 2 and bias piston device 3 The pressure PR controlled by the respective clutches K-K, Kv, KR Electric power 4 to fill and switch Depending on the switching of the magnetic valve, 1st to 4th gears, forward switching clutch or reverse switching Introduced into the replacement clutch. Control pressure PR is applied to the piston of regulating valve 1 via piping 12. It is also guided to the end face of the damper piping through the piping 13, the throttle 14 and the piping 41. It is also led to the piston chamber '22 of the ton 21. Control pressure further reduced by throttle 4 The force is conducted via line 42 to the other control edge 15 of the regulating valve. Unthrottled control pressure The force line 13 has an expansion controlled by the control pressure PR against the pressure of the spring 61. A valve 6 is also arranged.

During the filling and sliding processes, the spring chamber 24 is emptied via the expansion valve 6; After the end of the sliding process, this spring chamber 24 is filled with a predetermined control pressure. This pressure is , the damper piston 21 and the bin 35 and piston 32 of the bias piston device 3 Accelerate the return of The bias piston device 3 further includes, for example in the form of a spacing ring. An adjustment device 33 is arranged. This ring prevents sliding processes and high initial pressures. The force is fixed in a hard and short switching characteristic.

Figure 2 shows the clutch pressure PK and the stroke of the displacement piston or damper piston. The relationship with S is shown.

Its stroke is proportional to the switching time. The pressure change is due to overfilling of clutch K. D1 and the actual pressure course curve. The slope of this curve is primarily controlled by It is influenced by the throttle 4 arranged in the pressure line 13. If this aperture is small If it is large, a gentle curve Dx will occur, and if it is large, a steep curve D will occur. Kula The slipping process at 2 is at the initial pressure PA1 after the filling process t1 in soft switching. As can be seen, this is much faster than the sliding process S3 due to the initial pressure P. long. This switching is performed for example at 12 bar when the system pressure Ps is at, for example, 15 bar. Finish with bar pressure.

FIG. 3 shows a part of an embodiment different from FIG. 1. In this case, it is possible to switch A second throttle 400 is arranged, which allows the pressure curve to be the law of nature.

The gradients of D and D are from the beginning (i.e., from the end of the filling process D1 7) or only after part of the pressure course. be done.

For this purpose, a second throttle 400 is also installed in the control pressure pipe PR in parallel with the first throttle 4. It is located. The control pressure PR piping 14 is connected to this throttle 40 by the directional control valve 10. Opened or closed to 0. In that case, the spring 10 as shown in FIG. 1, it is placed in the cutoff position, and the selected clutch is placed in the closing position by the pressure PK on the selected clutch. placed in At this closing position, the throttle cross section is arranged in parallel with the control pressure pipe PR. The area increases and therefore the damper piston 21 moves faster towards the regulating valve 1, The slippage time or switching time is reduced by 1.13. This is an example of a steep pressure curve For example, it is indicated by Dy.

In that case, the switching of the directional control valve 10 is carried out immediately after the filling process D1, so when switching A pressure curve D rises uniformly over the entire period. Switching time t part of 5 When the second throttle 400 is turned on for the first time after section t4, different gradients of Pressure progress curve, D (4th ZI Z2 (see figure) occurs. The second diaphragm 400 can also be introduced in the opposite manner. So In this case, the partial switching time t6 has elapsed for the second throttle immediately after the filling process D. Until ■ (See Figure 5). Insert the second throttle 400 into the control pressure pipe PR or The blocking directional valve 10 is arranged in addition to the bias piston device 3, or This will be done instead.

The control of the second throttle 400 is an auxiliary control in the piston 21 of the damper device 2. This can be done simply in conjunction with the control pressure line PR via the edge.

This two-stage pressure control valve operates as follows. That is, from the second forward gear to the second reverse gear When switching to the This leads to limitations on the switching operation. In this case, the damper A two-stage pressure control valve consisting of a regulating valve 1 at a position 2 and a bias piston device 3 is a rigid in a characteristic position. In that case, the pilot valve 5 is in the position shown in FIG. , in this position, the piston chamber 31 of the bias piston device 3 has a system pressure P8. Supplied. The piston 32 is connected to the damper piston (exclusion piston 2) via the pin 35. 1) in the direction of the regulating valve 1, thereby causing the damper piston 21 and the regulating valve 1 to Increase the bias pressure of the spring 23 between. This bias pressure increasing effect is achieved by adjusting device 33. In this embodiment, this is completed by an adjusting ring. Regarding the length of this adjustment ring, The starting point of the pressure control process is the point P when switching from the second forward gear to the second reverse gear. It starts with A2. The damper piston 21 is now affected by the control pressure PR in the pipe 13. and the pressure supplied to the piston chamber 22 via the piping 41 considering the throttle 4. is moved toward the regulating valve, and the bias pressure of spring 23 is continuously increased. No. At point PE in Figure 2, the damper piston 21 hits the regulating valve, and is connected from the regulating valve 1 to the clamp. A system pressure P8 is formed in the pipe 11 leading to the directional switching valve 7 of switch K-Kx. . During this pressure rise, the expansion valve 6 is forced to release the spring 61 due to this relatively large pressure. Since it is injected against the action, the damper piston 21 and therefore the bias The aspiston device 3 is returned to its starting position. Return spring of bias piston device 3 34 and the return spring 23 in the damper piston 2 are connected to the spring chamber 2 of the damper piston. Supported by pressure within 4. In that case, the recovery in the bias piston device 3 The return spring 34 can also be completely eliminated. For example, from the first forward gear to the first reverse gear or vice versa, the clutch 1 is supplied with pressure via its directional control valve 7. The pilot valve 5 receives the system pressure via the pipe PKl. Shut off and empty the piping 52 leading to the piston chamber 31 of the bias piston device 3. (not shown). In that case, the damper piston 21 of the damper device 2 is Since it remains in the right end position, the pressure control process continues at point PA1 after the filling process, i.e. in the non- It is always started at low pressure and therefore soft and long in duration.

The rest of the process is described for example when switching from the second front stage to the second rear stage. This is done with the hard characteristics of the pressure control valve. Pressure pH of the clutch in the first gear [l For the soft characteristic position of the pressure control valve, where the pilot valve is placed in the relief position, Therefore, it is important that this pressure is maintained during the entire changeover. Pilot valve 5 is applied to the clutch at a pressure of 1, for example, about 8 bar, so that from the second forward gear to the Switching to the 1st forward gear or switching from the 2nd reverse gear to the 1st reverse gear has a hard switching characteristic. proceed. This means that the switching has already been completed before the bias piston 32 is switched. This is because The switching can be controlled by changing the pressure. From the second forward stage Switching to 1st reverse gear or switching from 2nd reverse gear to 1st forward gear is similarly hard. Proceed with

Next, the load switching clutch K in the case where the second throttle 400 in FIG. 3 is arranged, Explanation about the pressure progression of Kx do. If the second throttle 400 is turned on immediately after clutch filling B1, the switching valve Different pressures also for different clutches Kl, -KX in relation to the parameter PK A course curve, DD, is also obtained (see Figure 2). Aperture Y’X 4. When the switching time is controlled only via 400, the starting pressure PA is always the same It is. In connection with the two-stage pressure control valve (i.e. the bias piston device 3 is additionally ), various initial pressures P, P can be obtained, and AI A2 Ru. For example, as already mentioned, depending on when the second throttle 400 is turned on or off, Pressure progression curves with steps, that is, pressure progression curves D and D with different slopes are obtained. .

ZI Z2 In particular, the valve block B (control block) in FIG. A damper device 2 (exclusion piston device) is arranged concentrically with respect to this. especially In an advantageous manner, the bias piston device 3 and the pilot valve 5 are connected to this control block. In or in the MB of B, the bias piston device 3 is connected to the damper device 2. located concentrically so that the pilot valve is located at an angle of 90° to this It is located in This good arrangement of bias piston device and pilot valve , the damper device is attached to the piston 32 of the bias piston device 3 by the pin 35. Good mechanical connection. Furthermore, the hydraulic piping 51 and pipe of the system pressure Ps The connection with the rod valve and the connection between the pilot valve 5 and the piston chamber 31 are particularly easy. For this purpose, a lid B1 of the control block B is arranged on the housing. child In the drawing, the adjusting device 33 of the bias piston device 3 as an adjusting ring is clearly shown. As can be clearly seen, the piston 32 hits the adjusting ring 33, thereby adjusting the damper installation. The biasing effect of position 2 is limited.

Spring 3 is used to return piston 32 when piston chamber 31 is emptied. 4 is also placed. The piston 21 of the damper device 2 also has a corresponding return spring 23. However, this return spring 23 is connected to the piston 14 of the regulating valve after the piston chamber 22 is emptied. This contributes to widening the distance between the damper device and the piston 21.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Adjustment valve 11-14 Piping 14 Piston 15 Control edge 2 Damper device/exclusion piston device 21 Piston 22 Piston chamber 23 Spring 24 Spring chamber 3 Bias piston device 31 Piston chamber 32 Piston 33 Adjustment device/ring 34 Spring 35 bottles 4.40,400 aperture 41 Piping 42 Piping 5 Pilot valve 51 Piping 5 52 Piping 53 Spring 54 Stopper 6 Expansion valve 61 Spring 7 Directional switching valve 8 Solenoid valve 9 Pump 91 Transmission oil sump 92 Filter 10 Directional switching valve 101 Spring , K-K clutch X K1- to 4 1st to 4th gear clutch Kv forward clutch KR reverse clutch S Stroke s2 Stroke of damper piston in case of soft characteristics $3 Stroke of damper piston in case of hard characteristics t Switching time B Control block/valve block B1 lid tl Filling time t2 Switching time t3 Switching time t4 Partial switching time t5 Switching time t6 Partial switching time t7 Switching time P, final pressure PS System pressure/system pressure piping PR control pressure/control pressure piping PK1 Clutch 1 pressure signal D　Pressure progress curve D1 Clutch filling process DX Pressure progression curve when the orifice is small, Pressure progression curve when the orifice is large D21 Pressure progression curve with different slopes D2□ Pressure progression curve with different slopes + () +-F”IN.

international search report international search report EP 9001394 S^　39320

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Controls the closing behavior of the load switching clutches (K1 to Kx) in the load switching transmission device. It is a pressure control device for controlling the pressure, and works together with the damper device (2) as a pressure control valve. It has a regulating valve (1) to Restrictions (4, 40) placed in the pressure pipes (PS, PR) by the regulating valve (1) pressure such that the pressure course is made to have a soft or hard switching characteristic in conjunction with In the force control device, a bias cooperating with the piston (21) of the tamper device (2) The piston device (3) moves the damper piston (21) in the direction of the regulating valve (1). This causes the respective clutches (K1 to K4, Ky, KR) to The time for the slipping process is also shortened and, in conjunction with the high initial pressure, the clutches (K2-K4) Pressure control device characterized in that it reduces the frictional effect after filling. 2. The bias piston device (3) is activated via the pilot valve (5). The pressure control device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is operated by pressure (PS). Place. 3. The stroke of the bias piston (32) is limited via the regulating device (33). The pressure control device according to claim 2, characterized in that: 4. The pilot valve (5) is placed in the flow-through position in the basic position, and is used for the first gear. The bias piston device (3) is activated by the pressure signal (PK1) from the clutch (K1) of the ) The pressure according to claim 2, characterized in that the piston chamber (31) of the piston chamber (31) is emptied. Force control device. 5. The pilot valve (5) is closed in the basic position and the clutches (K2-K4) The bias piston device is activated by one pressure signal (PK2 to PK4) of Claim 2, characterized in that the piston chamber (31) of (3) is filled. pressure control device. 6. Direct the damper piston (21) toward the regulating valve (1) against the action of the spring (23). A throttle (4) is placed in the pipe to determine the switching time (t) The pressure control device according to claim 4, characterized in that: 7. The expansion valve (6) is arranged, and the switching in the clutches (K1 to Kx) is completed. The damper piston (21) and the bias piston (32) prepare for the new switching. via the expansion valve (6) when it has to be quickly returned to the initial position to characterized in that the spring chamber (24) of the damper piston device (2) is supplied with pressure medium A pressure control device according to claim 6. 8. System pressure (PS) is throttled to the regulating valve (1) of the two-stage pressure control valve (1, 2, 3) (40) and directly through the pilot valve (5), A compression spring (23) is arranged between the damper device (2) and the regulating valve (1), When supplying system pressure (PS), the bias piston (32) is connected to the transmission pin (35) resists the bias pressure of the spring (34) in the bias piston device (3) via is pressed against the displacement piston (21) and moves it, and this movement causes the bias piston restricted via a regulating device (33) in the stone device (3); The pressure regulated by the pressure control valves (1, 2, 3) is transferred through the pipe (11). It is introduced into the clutches (K1 to Kx) that are engaged each time through the directional control valve (7), is introduced into the regulating valve (1) via the piping (12) as a controlled variable, The pressure regulated by the pressure control valves (1, 2, 3) is applied to the piping (13) and the throttle ( 4) to move the damper piston (21) towards the regulating valve (1). Introduced into the ton room (22), Distributed from the pilot valve (5) to the piston chamber (31) of the bias piston device (3). The pipe (52) is connected to the basic position of the pilot valve (5). When system pressure (PS) is supplied to the system and the pilot valve (5) is turned on, this The piston chamber (32) is emptied via the pipe (52), A control pipe (PK1) is connected between the first gear clutch (K1) and the pilot valve (5). ) is arranged, and when the first gear is engaged, pressure is supplied through this control pipe (PK1). The force signal acts against the pressure of the spring (53) and the pilot valve (5) is in the relief position. Injected, It is placed in the pressure circuit of the control pressure piping (PR) of the clutch (K1) and is controlled by this pressure. Its non-closing position is controlled by the expansion valve (6) against the pressure of the lever spring (61). The spring chamber (24) of the damper device is emptied in the closing position; Pressure according to claim 7, characterized in that the pressure medium (PR) is supplied to the pressure medium (PR). Control device. 9. Multiple throttles (4,400) are arranged in parallel with each other in the control pressure piping (PR). , at least one of the apertures (400) is connected via the switching device (10, 101). a control that is turned on and off by the damper device (2) and leads to the piston chamber (22) of the damper device (2). In the pressure pipe (41), selectively different orifice cross-sectional areas (restriction 4,400) This affects the switching time (t) of the load switching clutches (K1 to Kx). The pressure control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: 10. The switching device is a directional switching valve ( 10) The pressure control device according to claim 9, characterized in that: 11. One throttle (400) is used as a compensation in the piston (21) of the damper device (2). Claim characterized in that it is connected to a control pressure line (PR) via an auxiliary control edge. 9. The pressure control device according to item 9. 12. The valves and devices necessary for controlling the gear change clutch (K1 to Kx) are Claim 8, characterized in that the control block (B) is arranged within the control block (B). pressure control device. 13. For the regulating valve (1) and damper device (2) located in the control block (B) A pilot valve (5) and a bias piston are mounted on the lid (B1) concentrically. 13. Pressure control according to claim 12, characterized in that a pressure control device (3) is provided. Device.