JPH0547923B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0547923B2 JPH0547923B2 JP11823984A JP11823984A JPH0547923B2 JP H0547923 B2 JPH0547923 B2 JP H0547923B2 JP 11823984 A JP11823984 A JP 11823984A JP 11823984 A JP11823984 A JP 11823984A JP H0547923 B2 JPH0547923 B2 JP H0547923B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- steel wire
- cable
- optical cable
- submarine
- lateral pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（発明の技術分野）
本発明は長期信頼性に優れ経済的な海底光ケー
ブルに関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Technical Field of the Invention) The present invention relates to an economical submarine optical cable with excellent long-term reliability.
（従来の技術）
第１図〜第６図に従来の海底光ケーブル構造を
示す。第１図は特願昭56−75604号、第２図は特
願昭53−36580号、第３図は特願昭56−146102号、
第４図はBSTJ、Vol.62，No.３，（1983）、第５図
は特願昭58−22990号、第６図は米国特許第
4239336号にそれぞれ記載の海底光ケーブルであ
る。図中、１は光フアイバユニツト、２は内部管
状導体、３は鋼線、４は外部管状導体、５は絶縁
層、６は外装鉄線、７は外被である。海底光ケー
ブルでは海水圧及び布設、引揚げ時にケーブルに
作用する側圧から光フアイバを保護し、また、引
揚げ時に作用する張力によるケーブル伸びによつ
て光フアイバに生ずる伸び歪を光フアイバ許容伸
び歪である１％以下に抑制し、かつ光中継器を駆
動する為の電力を供給する必要がある。(Prior Art) A conventional submarine optical cable structure is shown in FIGS. 1 to 6. Figure 1 is Japanese Patent Application No. 56-75604, Figure 2 is Japanese Patent Application No. 53-36580, Figure 3 is Japanese Patent Application No. 56-146102,
Figure 4 is BSTJ, Vol. 62, No. 3, (1983), Figure 5 is Japanese Patent Application No. 58-22990, and Figure 6 is US Patent Application No. 58-22990.
These are submarine optical cables described in No. 4239336. In the figure, 1 is an optical fiber unit, 2 is an inner tubular conductor, 3 is a steel wire, 4 is an outer tubular conductor, 5 is an insulating layer, 6 is an exterior iron wire, and 7 is an outer jacket. In submarine optical cables, optical fibers are protected from seawater pressure and lateral pressure that acts on the cable during installation and salvage, and the elongation strain that occurs in the optical fiber due to cable elongation due to tension that is applied during salvage is controlled by the optical fiber's allowable elongation strain. It is necessary to suppress it to a certain 1% or less and to supply power to drive the optical repeater.
このため、第１図のケーブル構造では、光フア
イバユニツト１を内部管状導体２中に入れて側圧
や水圧から保護し、また鋼線３を内部管状導体２
と外部管状導体４の間にはさみ込むことによつ
て、鋼線３の撚り戻しによるケーブル伸びを抑制
している。また、管状導体２，４を用いることに
よつて電力を対地帰還によつて供給し、海水との
絶縁は絶縁層５によつている。第１図のケーブル
では内部管状導体２を突き合せ管としているのに
対し、第２図では３つ割り構造としている点が異
なる。また、第３図のケーブルでは鋼線３を２層
同方向に撚つている。第４図のケーブルでは外部
管状導体４によつて光フアイバを側圧や水圧から
保護し、鋼線３の撚り戻しを防ぐとともに、給電
を行つている。第５図のケーブルでは鋼線３を２
層設け、これらの撚り方向を逆にしてケーブルに
加わる捩り力を平衡することによつて鋼線３の撚
り戻しによるケーブル伸びを抑制している。第１
図〜第４図のケーブル構造では、給電電圧の海水
との絶縁はケーブル最外層に設けられた絶縁層５
によつて行なわれている点が共通している。給電
は対地帰還となつているため、これらのケーブル
構造では絶縁層５が損傷すると内部管状導体２も
しくは外部管状導体４と海水との間の絶縁不良を
生じて、中継器駆動用電力の供給が困難となる欠
点がある。絶縁層５の損傷を防ぐため、水深1000
ｍ以浅程度の浅海域においては鉄線等によつてケ
ーブルの外周に外装鉄線６が施されるが、高価な
ため経済性に劣りまた、ケーブルの水中重量が増
加するためにケーブル伸び歪が増大して深海域へ
の適用は困難という欠点がある。 For this reason, in the cable structure shown in FIG.
By sandwiching it between the outer tubular conductor 4 and the outer tubular conductor 4, cable elongation due to untwisting of the steel wire 3 is suppressed. Further, by using the tubular conductors 2 and 4, power is supplied by return to the ground, and insulation from seawater is provided by the insulating layer 5. The difference is that in the cable shown in FIG. 1, the internal tubular conductor 2 is a butted tube, whereas in FIG. 2, it has a three-part structure. Further, in the cable shown in FIG. 3, two layers of steel wires 3 are twisted in the same direction. In the cable shown in FIG. 4, the external tubular conductor 4 protects the optical fiber from lateral pressure and water pressure, prevents the steel wire 3 from untwisting, and supplies power. In the cable shown in Figure 5, the steel wire 3 is
The cable elongation due to untwisting of the steel wire 3 is suppressed by providing layers and reversing the twisting direction to balance the twisting force applied to the cable. 1st
In the cable structures shown in Figures 4 to 4, insulation of the power supply voltage from seawater is provided by the insulation layer 5 provided on the outermost layer of the cable.
What they have in common is that they are carried out by. Since the power supply is ground return, in these cable structures, if the insulation layer 5 is damaged, there will be insulation failure between the inner tubular conductor 2 or the outer tubular conductor 4 and the seawater, and the supply of power for driving the repeater will be interrupted. There are drawbacks that make it difficult. To prevent damage to the insulating layer 5, the water depth is 1000 mm.
In shallow waters of less than 1.5 m, armored iron wire 6 is applied to the outer circumference of the cable using iron wire, etc., but it is expensive and less economical, and the cable elongation strain increases due to the increased underwater weight of the cable. The disadvantage is that it is difficult to apply to deep sea areas.
一方、第６図に示したケーブル構造では、第１
図から第５図のケーブル構造と違つて内部管状導
体２の周囲に絶縁層５を施し、その周囲に鋼線３
を施してあるためケーブル表面に外力が作用した
場合の絶縁層５の損傷を鋼線３によつて防ぐこと
ができる。しかし、この構造では、鋼線３が１層
施してあるのみであり、深海域からの引揚げにお
いては大きな張力が作用するため、鋼線３に撚り
戻しが生ずる。このため、ケーブルの伸び歪を光
フアイバの許容伸び歪である１％以下に抑制する
のは困難である。従つて、深海域へは適用できな
いという欠点を有する。 On the other hand, in the cable structure shown in Figure 6, the first
Unlike the cable structure shown in Figs.
Because of this, the steel wire 3 can prevent damage to the insulating layer 5 when an external force is applied to the cable surface. However, in this structure, only one layer of steel wires 3 is provided, and a large tension is applied during retrieval from deep sea, so that the steel wires 3 are untwisted. Therefore, it is difficult to suppress the elongation strain of the cable to 1% or less, which is the permissible elongation strain of the optical fiber. Therefore, it has the disadvantage that it cannot be applied to deep sea areas.
（発明の目的）
本発明は、これらの欠点を除去するために、１
層の補強部材によつて側圧、ケーブル張力に耐え
うるように構成して経済性、作業性を改善した海
底光ケーブルを提供するものである。(Objective of the Invention) In order to eliminate these drawbacks, the present invention has the following objectives:
The object of the present invention is to provide a submarine optical cable that is constructed to withstand lateral pressure and cable tension by layer reinforcing members, and has improved economic efficiency and workability.
（発明の構成及び作用） 以下図面により本発明を詳細に説明する。(Structure and operation of the invention) The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the drawings.
第７図、第８図、第９図に本発明の実施例を示
す。１は光フアイバユニツト、３は鋼線、４は外
部管状導体、５は絶縁層、７は外被、３′は補助
鋼線を示す。これらのケーブルは中継伝送用海底
光ケーブルの断面を示すもので、光フアイバユニ
ツト１は少なくとも１心以上の心線を１本の鋼線
の周囲に集合し、UVウレタン、エポキシ樹脂等
の弾性体で充実形としたものである。ケーブルの
張力を分担する鋼線３は第７図〜第９図の実施例
に示されているように外側の層内で光フアイバユ
ニツ１の外径部のまわりを連続的に覆う複数の鋼
線３からなる。特にその鋼線３はユニツト１と直
接に接触する３〜６本の鋼線３の内側の層からな
る。また、鋼線３を複数心集合するとその集合体
の外側には空隙が生じるために、この部分に鋼線
３より細い鋼線３′をうめることによつて、ほぼ
均等な円形に保つとともにケーブルの抗張力特性
を向上させる。なお、鋼線３′の外径d2が鋼線３
の外径をｄとすると、次式で与えられる。 Embodiments of the present invention are shown in FIGS. 7, 8, and 9. 1 is an optical fiber unit, 3 is a steel wire, 4 is an external tubular conductor, 5 is an insulating layer, 7 is a jacket, and 3' is an auxiliary steel wire. These cables show cross-sections of submarine optical cables for relay transmission.The optical fiber unit 1 has at least one core wire gathered around a single steel wire, and is made of an elastic material such as UV urethane or epoxy resin. This is a complete version. The steel wire 3 that shares the tension of the cable is a plurality of steel wires that are continuously wrapped around the outer diameter of the optical fiber unit 1 in the outer layer, as shown in the embodiment of FIGS. 7 to 9. Consists of 3. In particular, the steel wire 3 consists of an inner layer of 3 to 6 steel wires 3 in direct contact with the unit 1. In addition, when a plurality of steel wires 3 are assembled, a void is created on the outside of the assembly, so by filling this part with a steel wire 3' that is thinner than the steel wire 3, it is possible to maintain an almost uniform circular shape and to make the cable Improves the tensile properties of. Note that the outer diameter d 2 of the steel wire 3' is
When the outer diameter of is d, it is given by the following equation.
d2＝（１＋cosecπ／ｎ−cotπ／ｎ）2×ｄ／
２×（２＋cosecπ／ｎ−cotπ／ｎ）
さて、鋼線３の本数の決定理由はあとで述べる
こととして、ケーブル構造全般について先ず説明
する。ケーブルの複合内部導体では非多孔性の
Cuからなる外部管状導体４が撚られた鋼線３，
３′の外側に直接形成される。この外部管状導体
４は中間の中継器に電力を供給する有効な直流導
電路を形成するとともに、防湿層としても機能す
る。さらにこの外部管状導体４はそれによつて取
り巻かれた鋼線３，３′を確実に固定する働きを
するので操作中に撚られた鋼線３，３′が解きほ
ぐれるのも防ぐことができる。d 2 = (1 + cosecπ/n-cotπ/n) 2 × d/ 2 × (2 + cosecπ/n-cotπ/n) Now, the reason for deciding the number of steel wires 3 will be explained later, but first we will explain the overall cable structure. do. The composite inner conductor of the cable is non-porous.
A steel wire 3 twisted with an outer tubular conductor 4 made of Cu,
Formed directly on the outside of 3'. This external tubular conductor 4 forms an effective DC conduction path for powering intermediate repeaters and also functions as a moisture barrier. Furthermore, this outer tubular conductor 4 serves to securely fix the steel wires 3, 3' surrounded by it, so that unraveling of the twisted steel wires 3, 3' during operation can also be prevented.
さて、本発明を特徴づける鋼線３の本数の決定
法についで述べる。ここではケーブル構造と製造
の難易から決めることとする。第１０図は撚り線
の一般的集合体で、d1は光フアイバユニツト１の
外径、ｄは鋼線３の外径、d3は鋼線３相互の接触
点距離を示す。これらの関係はＮを鋼線３の本数
とすると、次式となる。 Now, a method for determining the number of steel wires 3, which characterizes the present invention, will be described. Here, we will decide based on the cable structure and manufacturing difficulty. FIG. 10 shows a general assembly of stranded wires, where d 1 is the outer diameter of the optical fiber unit 1, d is the outer diameter of the steel wire 3, and d 3 is the distance between the points of contact between the steel wires 3. These relationships are as follows, where N is the number of steel wires 3.
ｄ＝d1／（cosecπ／ｎ−１）
d3＝ｄ・cos（180／Ｎ）
ここで、接触点距離d3が鋼線３の径ｄと近い場
合には、層状に形成した鋼線３は光フアイバユニ
ツト１側に落込むおそれがある。そこで、d3／ｄ
の比、ｄに対する集合鋼線３の数Ｎの関係を第１
１図に示した。ここでd1＝2.3mmφである。本図
より、鋼線３の外径はＮ＝３にすると約15mmとな
り、集合外径は32mmにもなるが、d3／ｄは0.5で
あり側圧特性には優れていることがわかる。一
方、Ｎ＝６にするとｄ＝2.3mm（但しユニツト外
径d1＝2.3mmと仮定）であり、d3／ｄ＝0.865とな
ることから、鋼線３を長尺に収容することができ
製造性に優れているが、側圧特性では、Ｎ＝３に
くらべて劣るといえる。そこで、Ｎの決定には、
製造性と機械的特性を満足する必要がある。な
お、鋼線３′は外部管状導体４を均等な円形に保
つためと、抗張力を向上させるために設けるもの
である。このように構成してあることから、外部
管状導体４をしめ込んだ場合、各鋼線３に均等な
外力が伝達され、鋼線３，３′及び外部管状導体
４からなる高強度な複合導体を得ることができ
る。ここで、得に注意すべき点は、鋼線３′は
３′相互で接触することはない点である。次に具
体例を示す。 d = d 1 / (cosecπ/n-1) d 3 = d・cos (180/N) Here, if the contact point distance d 3 is close to the diameter d of the steel wire 3, the steel wire formed in layers 3 may fall into the optical fiber unit 1 side. Therefore, d 3 /d
The relationship between the number N of steel wire bundles 3 and the ratio d is expressed as the first
It is shown in Figure 1. Here, d 1 =2.3 mmφ. From this figure, it can be seen that the outer diameter of the steel wire 3 is approximately 15 mm when N=3, and the collective outer diameter is 32 mm, but d 3 /d is 0.5 and the lateral pressure characteristics are excellent. On the other hand, when N=6, d=2.3 mm (assuming the unit outer diameter d 1 =2.3 mm), and d 3 /d=0.865, so the steel wire 3 can be accommodated in a long length. Although it has excellent manufacturability, it can be said that it is inferior to N=3 in terms of lateral pressure characteristics. Therefore, to determine N,
It is necessary to satisfy manufacturability and mechanical properties. The steel wire 3' is provided to maintain the outer tubular conductor 4 in a uniform circular shape and to improve tensile strength. Because of this structure, when the external tubular conductor 4 is inserted, an equal external force is transmitted to each steel wire 3, and a high-strength composite conductor consisting of the steel wires 3, 3' and the external tubular conductor 4 is formed. can be obtained. Here, it is particularly important to note that the steel wires 3' do not come into contact with each other. A specific example is shown next.
光フアイバユニツト径を2.3mmとし、2.3mm外径
の鋼線３を６本、鋼線３′の外径d2＝0.814mmの外
径を有する鋼線３′を６心交互に配置されるよう
に集合し、6.9mmφの外径に仕上げ、その上に0.7
mmの鋼テープを形成し気密に溶接した。さらにポ
リエチレン外被７を設けて15mm外径のケーブルを
作製した。このケーブルの側圧特性は、1ton／cm
の荷重に対しても光損失が増加する等の問題のな
いことを確認した。 The diameter of the optical fiber unit is 2.3 mm, and six steel wires 3 with an outer diameter of 2.3 mm and six steel wires 3' with an outer diameter of d 2 =0.814 mm are arranged alternately. Gather it like this, finish it with an outer diameter of 6.9mmφ, and add 0.7
mm steel tape was formed and hermetically welded. Furthermore, a polyethylene jacket 7 was provided to produce a cable with an outer diameter of 15 mm. The lateral pressure characteristic of this cable is 1ton/cm
It was confirmed that there were no problems such as an increase in optical loss even under a load of .
（発明の効果）
以上説明したように、本発明は鋼線３の１層構
造からなり、かつ側圧特性も考慮して設計したケ
ーブル構造としていることから、経済的で、接続
性の作業性にすぐれる等の利点がある。(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, the present invention has a cable structure consisting of a single layer structure of steel wire 3 and designed with lateral pressure characteristics in mind, so it is economical and improves the workability of connection. It has the following advantages:
第１図から第６図は従来の海底光ケーブルの横
断面図、第７図から第９図は本発明の実施例を示
す横断面図、第１０図、第１１図は本発明の海底
光ケーブルの機能を説明するための特性図及び一
部横断面略図である。
１……光フアイバユニツト、２……内部管状導
体、３……鋼線、４……外部管状導体、５……絶
縁層、６……外装鉄線、７……外被、３′……補
助鋼線。
Figures 1 to 6 are cross-sectional views of conventional submarine optical cables, Figures 7 to 9 are cross-sectional views of embodiments of the present invention, and Figures 10 and 11 are cross-sectional views of conventional submarine optical cables. They are a characteristic diagram and a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram for explaining functions. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Optical fiber unit, 2... Inner tubular conductor, 3... Steel wire, 4... Outer tubular conductor, 5... Insulating layer, 6... Exterior iron wire, 7... Outer cover, 3'... Auxiliary steel wire.
Claims (1)
能を併用する１層からなる鋼線部材で囲まれた内
部に弾性体に埋め込まれた少なくとも１本の光フ
アイバを含むケーブル心を備えた海底通信用の光
ケーブルにおいて、前記鋼線部材が、側圧と張力
補強用の一層の鋼線集合部材とその外側に生じた
空隙をうめる補助鋼線部材とよりなり、かつ非多
孔質防湿導電性の外部管状体内に完全に収納され
ていることを特徴とする海底光ケーブル。 ２ 前記導電性管が銅により形成されたことを特
徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載の海底光ケー
ブル。 ３ 前記外部管状体内の間隙に走水防止用樹脂が
かん欠的に充実されていることを特徴とする特許
請求の範囲第１項記載の海底光ケーブル。[Claims] 1. A cable core including at least one optical fiber embedded in an elastic body surrounded by a single-layer steel wire member that can withstand lateral pressure and also has a cable tension reinforcing function. In the optical cable for submarine communication, the steel wire member is composed of a single-layer steel wire assembly member for lateral pressure and tension reinforcement, and an auxiliary steel wire member to fill the voids formed outside the steel wire assembly member, and is non-porous, moisture-proof and conductive. A submarine optical cable characterized in that it is completely contained within an external tubular body of. 2. The submarine optical cable according to claim 1, wherein the conductive tube is made of copper. 3. The submarine optical cable according to claim 1, wherein the gaps in the external tubular body are filled with a resin for preventing water running intermittently.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11823984A JPS60262307A (en) | 1984-06-11 | 1984-06-11 | Submarine optical cable |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11823984A JPS60262307A (en) | 1984-06-11 | 1984-06-11 | Submarine optical cable |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60262307A JPS60262307A (en) | 1985-12-25 |
| JPH0547923B2 true JPH0547923B2 (en) | 1993-07-20 |
Family
ID=14731677
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11823984A Granted JPS60262307A (en) | 1984-06-11 | 1984-06-11 | Submarine optical cable |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60262307A (en) |
-
1984
- 1984-06-11 JP JP11823984A patent/JPS60262307A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS60262307A (en) | 1985-12-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |