JPH0546837Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Field This invention relates to an improved attachment cooling mechanism for a machining center.

Prior Art Attachments used in machining centers often have complex mechanisms, as it has become common knowledge that they can be automatically indexed and automatically attached and detached for multi-face machining. For this reason, countermeasures against heat generation due to high-speed rotation have been considered a problem, but passive methods of limiting heat generation have been taken, such as limiting the maximum rotation speed without any countermeasures being taken.

For example, as shown in Utility Model Publication No. 60-18278, the cutting fluid is supplied from the lower part of the main spindle box body through a flow path that leads to a slot on the outer periphery of the housing of the drive shaft bearing provided in the attachment body, and then the cutting fluid is released from the nozzle. There are some structures that can be leaked. This is to match the position of the cutting fluid nozzle to the indexing angle of the attachment, and is not intended to cool the attachment itself; it is a structure that can be expected to have some cooling effect depending on the indexing angle. is not enough. Therefore, the mechanism is not designed to cool the attachment main shaft bearing or lubricating oil, which generates a large amount of heat, but to supply cutting fluid.

Problems that the invention aims to solve Recently, there has been a demand for faster and more accurate attachments, and there is an increasing need for heat countermeasures to cool the attachments themselves. The present invention was developed in view of this, and its purpose is to actively cool the attachment itself by circulating a temperature-controlled cooling fluid.

Measures to solve the problem In an attachment that is removably attached to the tip of the spindle ram of a machining center and indexed at any angle, a piping ring is rotatably fitted around the outer periphery of the attachment frame to cool the tip end surface of the spindle ram. The first valve opens when it comes into contact with the check valve of the liquid supply port.
A pipe joint is provided on the piping ring, and a second pipe joint is provided on the piping ring that opens by coming into contact with a check valve of a coolant discharge port on the tip end face of the main shaft ram,
A cooling plate with fins is installed at the lower part of the attachment frame between the front and rear bearings of the attachment main shaft, and from the first pipe joint to the piping ring, the outer periphery of the attachment main shaft front bearing, the cooling plate, the outer periphery of the attachment headstock bearing, and the machine. A coolant passage is provided in the attachment frame, passing through the outer periphery of the drive shaft bearing part that transmits the rotation of the main shaft to the attachment main shaft, and the piping ring to the second pipe joint.

Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, a spindle ram 3, which rotatably supports a spindle 2 having a tapered hole 2a, is supported on a spindle head 1 of a vertical machining center so as to be movable and positionable in the axial direction. A coupling seat 4 having a cylindrical portion 4a and serving as a bearing holder is fixed on the inner end surface of the tip of the main shaft ram 3, and a clamp ring 5 is slidably fitted into the cylindrical portion 4a at a predetermined angular position. equipped. The clamp ring 5 is formed with a cylindrical portion 5a having a male spline-shaped peak portion 5b, and the cylindrical portion 4a of the coupling seat 4 and the cylindrical portion 5a are formed in the clamp ring 5.
A lid body 6 is fixed to the cylindrical portion 4a of the joint seat 4 so as to form an oil-tight space between the two. A spring 7 is interposed between the coupling seat 4 and the clamp ring 5.
The clamp ring 5 is always urged downward, and pressure oil is sent to the oil-tight space to push the clamp ring 5 upward. A carbide coupling ring 8 is also fixed to the coupling seat 4 on the outside of the clamp ring 5.

The main shaft ram 3 is provided with a coolant supply passage 3a and a coolant discharge passage 3b symmetrically located with respect to the ram axis of the supply passage 3a in the axial direction. The openings 3b are formed into joint holes 3c and 3d for pipe joints, and check valves 10 are provided above the joint holes, respectively.

The attachment frame 12 fitted to the tip of the main shaft ram 3 consists of a vertical cylindrical portion 12a concentric with the ram axis and a horizontal cylindrical portion 12b perpendicular to the ram axis, and includes a curvature cup that engages with the curvature cup ring 8. A ring 9 is fixed. A piping ring 13 is attached to the outer periphery 12c of the vertical cylindrical portion 12a of the frame 12.
is fitted so that it can only rotate, and the inner periphery of the piping ring 13 has two grooves 13a and 13b that serve as passages for the cooling liquid.
The groove 13a is provided with a liquid passage 13c that opens on the outer periphery and is perpendicular to the axis, and the groove 13b has a liquid passage 13c that opens on the outer periphery and is perpendicular to the axis at a position 180° opposite to the axis. A liquid passage 13d in the direction is bored. Further, on the outer periphery of the piping ring 13, a liquid passage 13c,
Bent rectangular pipe joints 14 are vertically fixed at the opening positions 13d. The tip of this pipe joint 14 is formed into a cylindrical joint 14c that is removably fitted into the pipe joint holes 3c and 3d of the main shaft ram 3, and the liquid path 14a provided in the supply pipe joint 14 is a supply path. 3a and the liquid path 13c, a liquid path 14b provided in the discharge pipe joint 14 communicates the discharge path 3b and the liquid path 13d, respectively. Check valves 10 are provided vertically in the middle of each of the liquid passages 3a and 3b of the main shaft ram 3, and each of the check valves 10 is a valve body fitted into a vertically fixed valve rod 18 so as to be movable in the axial direction, as shown in FIG. is always urged to protrude by the spring 19, and the valve seat 20a is pressed against it to close the valve. When the attachment is installed, the tip of the piping joint 14 comes into contact with the valve body 20 and resists the spring 19. Push up the valve body 20, supply path 3a and discharge path 3b
are now being opened. Note that a commercially available check valve may be used as the check valve provided in the middle of the discharge path 3b.

Horizontal cylindrical portion 12b provided on the lower side of the frame 12
A bearing housing 24 for a front bearing 23 of the attachment main shaft 22 is fixed to the left side of the center hole. The bearing housing 24 has a recess 24a on its outer periphery that serves as a coolant oil jacket.
The outer periphery of the tube is engraved with fins to increase the contact surface with the cooling liquid and improve heat transfer efficiency. and the upper side of the recess 24a and the inner groove 13a of the piping ring.
indicates a liquid passage 12 bored in the vertical cylindrical portion 12a of the frame body.
d. Furthermore, an attachment main shaft 2 is located on the right side of the center hole of the horizontal cylindrical portion 12b of the frame.
A bearing housing 26 for the rear bearing 25 of 2 is fixed, and the outer periphery of the bearing housing 26 has a recess 26a that serves as a coolant oil jacket.
There are fins engraved on the outer periphery. bearing 23,
Attachment spindle 22 supported by 25
The tip of the center hole is formed into a tapered hole 22a, and the center hole has a known tool pulling mechanism (not shown), into which a tool is fitted. A bevel gear 27 is fitted to the outer periphery of the attachment main shaft 22 via a key 28, and a front cover 3 is fitted to the outer end surfaces of the bearing housings 24, 26.
0 and a rear cover 31 which also serves as a bearing holder are fixed to each other.

The lower side of the hollow portion of the horizontal cylindrical portion 12b of the frame 12 is formed as a lubricating oil reservoir, and a cooling plate 29 is fixed to the bottom surface of the lubricating oil reservoir.
The lubricating oil contact surface of the upper surface of the bearing housing 24 is provided with concentric fins 29a, and the surface of the circular recess 29b on the lower surface is also provided with similar fins. The left end of the recess 29b and the lower side of the recess 24a on the outer periphery of the bearing housing 24 are connected to the fluid passage 12 provided in the horizontal cylindrical portion 12b of the frame.
Further, the right end of the recess 29b and the lower side of the recess 26a on the outer periphery of the bearing housing 26 are communicated with each other by a fluid path 12f.

A bevel gear cylinder 32 having a drive side bevel gear at its tip in a hole concentric with the main shaft axis of the vertical cylindrical portion 12a of the frame body 12.
Bearing housing 35 for bearings 33 and 34 bearing
is fixed. A recess 35a having fins for a coolant oil jacket is carved on the outer periphery of the bearing housing 35.
The circuit path is regulated by a bank 35b so that the cooling fluid can uniformly cool the outer periphery of the bearing housing. Then, the lower side of the recess 35a and the bearing housing 2
The upper side of the recess 26a of No. 6 is the vertical cylindrical portion 12a of the frame.
The upper side of the recess 35a and the inner groove 13b of the piping ring 13 are communicated by an oil passage 12h, and the cooling liquid is discharged through the liquid passages 13d and 14b. The oil is sent to channel 3b and returned to an oil tank (not shown).

A spline 32b is carved in the lower part of the center hole 32a of the bevel gear cylinder 32, and this spline 3
The pull stud 36a is gripped and pulled up by a known tool pulling mechanism (not shown) in the taper hole 2a of the main spindle 2, and is engaged with a spline shaft 36b provided at the tip of the drive shaft 36 fitted to the main spindle 2. , the rotation of the main shaft 2 is transmitted.

Operation: The tip of the spindle ram 3 of the spindle head 1 is pulled up by the clamp ring 5, and the carboxylic coupling rings 8 and 9 are pressed against it, and an angular attachment is attached. , the bevel gear barrel 32, and the bevel gear 27, the attachment main shaft 22 rotates at high speed. The temperature-controlled coolant stored in a coolant tank (not shown) provided on the machine side is provided in the middle of the supply path 3a of the main shaft ram 3, and when the attachment is attached, the valve is opened by the tip of the joint part of the pipe joint 14. The liquid passage 14a passes through the check valve that is connected to the liquid passage 13 of the piping ring 13.
It reaches the inner groove 13a through the inner groove 13a, passes through the recess 24a of the front bearing housing 24 of the attachment main shaft 22, and passes through the liquid passage 12d of the frame body opened on the circumference of the inner groove 13a. Although the temperature of the bearing housing 24 increases due to the high speed rotation of the attachment main shaft 22, the heat is removed by the cooling liquid passing through the fins provided on the outer periphery of the recess 24a, and the temperature increase is suppressed. Next, the coolant passes through the liquid path 12e and reaches the cooling plate 2.
9 and reaches the recess 29b on the lower surface of the bevel gear 2.
7. The lubricating oil for the tooth surfaces of the bevel gear barrel 32 is cooled and further flows from the bottom to the top through the recess 26a provided on the outer periphery of the rear bearing housing 26 through the liquid path 12f, where the bearing housing 26 is cooled. cooled down. Furthermore, the cooling liquid is rotated at high speed through a liquid path 12g provided in the frame, and is rotated at high speed to the bearing housing 35 for the bevel gear cylinder 32.
The liquid flows from below into a recess 35a provided on the outer periphery of the liquid. The inflowing cooling liquid flows along a flow path regulated by a bank 35b provided to effectively and evenly cool the outer periphery of the bearing housing, and then flows into the recess 35a.
The bearing housing 35 is cooled while being discharged from the upper side. The cooling liquid that has fulfilled its cooling purpose passes through the liquid path 12h provided in the frame, through the inner groove 13b of the piping ring 13, through the liquid path 13d, and through the liquid path 14b of the piping joint, and then through the discharge path 3b of the main shaft ram 3. The liquid is then returned to a coolant tank (not shown).

In this way, cutting is performed by the tool attached to the attachment spindle 22, which rotates at high speed while heat generation is suppressed by the circulation of the coolant, and the division of the machining process is completed, and the rotation of the attachment spindle 22 is stopped. be done. Next, when the attachment angle is rotated and indexed by, for example, 90 degrees for the next process, the spindle head 1 is moved onto the attachment magazine (not shown), the pressure oil supplied to the oil-tight chamber is stopped, and the spring is rotated. 7 pushes down the clamp ring 5 and the frame 12 is lowered, so that the tooth surface of the carbik coupling 9 fixed to the upper end of the frame 12 separates from the tooth surface of the carbik cup ring 8. As the frame body descends, the pipe joint 14 also descends, and the valve body 20, which had been pushed up at the tip of the joint 14c, is pushed down by the spring 19, and the valve seat 20a contacts the valve stem, closing the valve and opening the supply path 3a and the discharge path. 3b, the flow paths are closed and the circulation of the coolant is automatically stopped. At this time, the tip joint part 14c of the pipe joint 14 has joint holes 3c and 3d.
Even if the frame 12 is rotated by the operation of an attachment magazine (not shown) while a portion of the tip is still inserted into the pipe ring 13 and the pipe joint 14, the pipe ring 13 and the pipe joint 14 are not rotated. When the rotation of the attachment is completed, pressurized oil is sent to the oil-tight chamber to raise the clamp ring 5, and the carbyk coupling 9 is pushed up and engaged with the carbyk coupler 8, positioning and clamping are performed, and at the same time the pipe joint is The joint rises, the check valve 10 is opened, and the cooling fluid circulates again to cool the attachment.

As described above, the present invention is a device for cooling the ram by fitting a piping ring rotatably around the outer periphery of the attachment frame and abutting the first and second check valves of the supply port of the cooling liquid on the end face of the main shaft ram and the discharge port returning the cooling liquid to the tank.
The pipe joint is attached to the piping ring, and the supply port passes through the first pipe joint and the piping ring to cool the front bearing housing of the attachment main shaft, and then the bevel gear lubrication.
The lubricating oil is cooled by passing through the underside of a cooling plate with fins fixed to the bottom of the lubricating oil reservoir, then cooling the rear bearing housing, and finally cooling the bearing housing for driving the attachment spindle, and then returning it to the discharge port through the piping ring, so that the temperature rise of the attachment can be minimized, making it possible to rotate at high speeds and preventing deterioration of accuracy due to thermal displacement.In addition, since it is connected to the supply path by the piping ring on the outer periphery of the attachment frame, there is an effect that the cooling action is not hindered even at any index angle of the attachment spindle.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the attachment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the check valve. 3... Main shaft ram, 10... Check valve, 1
2... Frame body, 13... Piping ring, 14... Piping joint, 24, 26, 35... Bearing housing, 3
2...Bevel gear cylinder.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] In an attachment that is removably attached to the tip of the spindle ram of a machining center and indexed at any angle, a piping ring is rotatably fitted around the outer periphery of the attachment frame, and the piping ring is attached to the check valve of the coolant supply port on the end face of the spindle ram tip. The first valve opens in contact with the
A pipe joint is provided on the piping ring, and a second pipe joint is provided on the piping ring that opens by coming into contact with a check valve of a coolant discharge port on the tip end face of the main shaft ram,
A cooling plate with fins is installed at the lower part of the attachment frame between the front and rear bearings of the attachment main shaft, and from the first pipe joint to the piping ring, the outer periphery of the front bearing of the attachment main shaft, the cooling plate, the outer periphery of the rear bearing of the attachment main shaft, and the main machine. A cooling mechanism for an attachment for a machining center, characterized in that a coolant passage is provided in the attachment frame, passing through the outer periphery of a drive shaft bearing part that transmits the rotation of the main shaft to the attachment main shaft, and a piping ring to a second pipe joint.