JPH054514B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a seismic isolation structure that can prevent shaking of a building body as much as possible during an earthquake or the like.

(b) Prior Art Recently, many proposals have been made to elastically support buildings on their foundations using elastic means such as laminated rubber to eliminate the effects of horizontal shaking that occurs during earthquakes and the like.

(c) Problems to be Solved by the Invention In such cases, the horizontal vibrations induced in the building body by the elastic means must be damped by some kind of damping means. However, since such damping means usually have a mechanical structure, it is often difficult to maintain the initial function due to fluctuations over time, such as rust and deterioration of various parts, and of course, there is a lot of maintenance required. It takes time and money.

Therefore, if an attempt is made to dampen the vibrations generated in the building body by elastic means by using a liquid tank with liquid injected inside as a damping means, then the vibration of the liquid in the liquid tank must be damped in some way. There is a need. In such a case, filling the liquid tank with a porous filler as a damping member may be considered, but if the filling material is filled in the liquid tank as a damping member, the damping ability against the liquid is ensured, but on the other hand, The inside of the liquid tank is occupied by the filler,
In order to secure a sufficient amount of liquid for damping operation, there is a disadvantage that the liquid tank needs to be enlarged.

Furthermore, the liquid in the liquid tank is injected in a manner that matches the frequency of vibrations induced by the elastic means supporting the building body, and the liquid is in phase with respect to the vibrations of the building body.
By vibrating at a 90° angle and damping the vibrations generated by the elastic means in the building body, the amount of liquid injected into the liquid tank can be significantly reduced, making it ideal for buildings such as skyscrapers. It will also be practical to apply. However, as long as the liquid in the liquid tank does not oscillate without disturbing its vibration period,
It becomes impossible to exhibit appropriate vibration damping performance.
In other words, when the vibration induced by the elastic means of the building body becomes large and the liquid is splashed out from inside the liquid tank over the side wall and the amount of liquid decreases, the vibration period of the liquid becomes equal to the vibration period of the building body. They will not match, and sufficient vibration damping performance will not be exhibited. In addition, in order to prevent such liquid from scattering, it is possible to install a lid on the liquid tank, but in that case, the vibration of the liquid becomes too large during a large earthquake or typhoon, and the liquid collides with the lid. , the lid is deformed,
The liquid leaks outside from the deformed part, changing the oscillation period of the liquid, and furthermore, the oscillation period of the liquid inside the tank is disturbed due to liquid splashing from the lid, resulting in sufficient vibration damping performance. There is a risk that you will not be able to do so.

In order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a seismic isolation structure that has reliability over time and can be easily maintained and inspected without using a complicated mechanical structure. This is the purpose.

In addition to the above-mentioned main objectives, the present invention also provides a method to ensure a sufficient amount of liquid for vibration damping operation without increasing the size of the liquid tank, and to effectively exhibit damping performance against the liquid. The second objective is to provide a seismic isolation structure that can exhibit high vibration damping performance.

In addition to the above-mentioned main objectives, the present invention also prevents liquid from splashing out to the outside of the liquid tank, and even when the vibration of the building body becomes large, the vibration period remains constant without disturbing the vibration period. The third objective is to provide a seismic isolation structure that can maintain high vibration damping performance.

(d) Means for solving the problem That is, the present invention has a foundation 1b, and a main body 1c that is elastically supported on the foundation via a seismic isolation device 7.
In the seismic isolation structure 1, one or more vibration damping devices 5 are provided on the upper part of the main body, and the vibration damping devices are liquid tanks having a flat planar shape and having a longitudinal direction in the vibration direction. 5a, in the liquid tank,
a liquid 5b that vibrates in synchronization with the vibration of the main body;
is injected into the liquid tank to form an open liquid surface 5f, and a damping member 5 for damping vibrations of the liquid is injected into the liquid tank to form an open liquid surface 5f.
c and 5e, a lid 5g is provided on the upper part of the liquid tank, and the liquid is dispersed and flows into the upper part of the liquid tank on both sides in the swinging direction to prevent the liquid from rebounding from the lid. It is constructed by providing a wave dissipating device 5h made of a porous member formed in a block shape and capable of preventing water damage.

The present invention also provides a seismic isolation structure having a foundation and a main body elastically supported on the foundation via a seismic isolation device, in which one or more vibration damping devices are provided on the upper part of the main body. The vibration damping device has a liquid tank having a rectangular planar shape, and the liquid is injected into the liquid tank to form an open liquid surface inside the liquid tank, and the vibration damping device has a liquid tank having a rectangular planar shape. One or more plate-shaped meshes 5c are installed vertically at least in the center from the bottom of the liquid tank until reaching the open liquid level, and the plate-shaped meshes are stacked vertically on both sides of the liquid tank in the longitudinal direction. It is constructed by installing multiple pieces each.

Note that the numbers in parentheses are for convenience and indicate corresponding elements in the drawings, and therefore, this description is not limited to the descriptions in the drawings. The same applies to the column "(e). Effect" below.

(e) Effect With the above-described configuration, the present invention acts so that vibrations generated in the main body 1c via the seismic isolation device 7 are damped by the vibration damping device 5.

Further, in the present invention, the lid 5g is a liquid tank 5 containing a liquid 5b.
a The wave dissipating device 5h acts to prevent the liquid 5b from colliding directly with the lid, thereby preventing disturbance of the vibration of the liquid 5b.

Furthermore, the invention operates so that the mesh exerts a damping action on the vibrating liquid.

(f) Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a seismic isolation structure according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of the arrangement of a vibration damping device, and Fig. 3 is a plan view showing an example of a vibration damping device. 4 is a front sectional view of the vibration damping device shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a plan view showing another example of the vibration damping device, FIG. 6 is a front sectional view of the vibration damping device shown in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a front sectional view of the vibration damping device shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a front sectional view of the vibration damping device shown in FIG. 7; FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing another example of the arrangement of the vibration damping device; FIG. 10 is a plan view showing another example of the vibration damping device; Fig. 9 is a plan view, Fig. 11 is a plan view showing yet another arrangement example of the vibration damping device, Fig. 12 is a plan view showing yet another arrangement example of the vibration damping device, and Fig. 13 is a plan view showing another arrangement example of the vibration damping device. FIG. 14 is a plan view showing still another example of the arrangement of the damping device. FIG. 15 is a front sectional view showing still another example of the damping device.

As shown in Fig. 1, the high-rise building that is the seismic isolation structure 1 moves elastically to some extent in the horizontal direction via a known seismic isolation device 7 such as laminated rubber on the foundation 1b provided on the ground 2. It has a freely supported main body 1c, and a vibration damping device 5 is installed on the top 1d of the main body 1c. As shown in FIG. 2, two vibration damping devices 5 are installed so as to cross each other at right angles, and each vibration damping device 5 has a lid on the top, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. The liquid tank 5a has a rectangular planar shape and is provided with 5g of liquid. Water or a liquid 5b having a viscosity equal to or greater than water is injected into each liquid tank 5a so as to form an open liquid surface therein, and the injected liquid 5b causes the liquid to flow into the liquid tank. 5a, a wave water surface 5f on which the liquid 5b swings is formed in a flat rectangular shape. Furthermore, on both longitudinal sides of the liquid tank 5a, that is, on both left and right sides in FIG. 3, there are meshes 5c formed in a plate shape as damping members made of stainless steel, vinylon, high performance maintenance material, etc., in two stages in the vertical direction in FIG. , are installed in a stacked manner.
Furthermore, a mesh 5c similarly formed in a plate shape is vertically provided in the longitudinal center of the liquid tank 5a and protrudes from the bottom of the liquid tank 5a onto the open surface of the liquid 5b. In addition, wave breakers 5h, 5h are provided on both sides of the lid 5g in the upper part of the liquid tank 5a, that is, on both sides in the swinging direction of the liquid 5b, and the wave breakers 5h remove iron scraps, crushed stones, metal chips, etc. It is composed of a porous member formed into a block shape.

Since the seismic isolation structure 1 has the above configuration, when the ground 2 shakes in the horizontal direction due to an earthquake or the like, the main body 1c also shakes through the seismic isolation device 7 of the foundation 1b.
It shakes in the horizontal direction relative to the ground 2 and prevents excessive seismic force from acting on the main body 1c. Further, when the main body 1c relatively swings in the horizontal direction, the vibration damping device 5 installed on the top portion 1d also swings. Then, the liquid 5b in the vibration damping device 5 swings in the longitudinal direction WD of the wave water surface 5f in synchronization with the vibration of the main body 1c, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. That is, the vibration period of the liquid 5b (the oscillation period of the liquid 5b is determined by the length L1 in the long side direction of the liquid tank 5a and the liquid height L3 of the liquid 5b in a stationary state, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4). By matching the first natural vibration period of the main body 1c of the seismic isolation structure 1 (determined by Absorb energy. When the liquid 5b vibrates, the vibration causes the liquid 5b to
As shown by the arrow AR, the liquid flows vertically on both sides of the liquid tank 5a in the wave motion direction, and flows in the horizontal direction in the figure, that is, in the vibration direction at the center. Metsuyu 5c is
As already mentioned, on both sides in the left-right direction in the drawing in the longitudinal direction of the liquid, which is the longitudinal direction of the liquid tank 5a, a plurality of sheets are horizontally stacked and provided in parallel in the vertical direction, so that the liquid 5b The mesh 5c is arranged perpendicular to the vertical direction, which is the flow direction of the liquid, and the damping action of the mesh 5c can be effectively exerted on the liquid. Also, since the mesh 5c installed in the center of the liquid tank 5a is installed vertically from the bottom of the liquid tank, similarly,
The mesh 5c is disposed perpendicularly to the liquid flowing through this portion, and the damping action of the mesh 5c can be effectively exerted on the liquid here as well.
In addition, as is clear from the figure, Metsuyu 5c is
Since it is thin and plate-shaped, it does not occupy a small area of space in the liquid tank, and the majority of the area in the liquid tank can be secured as a space for liquid injection and liquid oscillation. .

In this way, when the liquid flows through the mesh in the liquid tank, the viscous resistance that acts between the liquid 5b and the mesh 5c acts in a direction that restricts the movement of the liquid 5b. As a result, liquid 5b
The vibrations are damped and the ability to absorb vibration energy is improved.

Furthermore, when the shaking of the main body 1c exceeds a predetermined value, the wave height of the liquid valve 5b in the vibration damping device 5 also increases,
As shown in FIG. 4, the top 5j of the wave 5i reaches the lid 5g at the top of the liquid tank 5a. However, if the crest 5j of the wave directly hits the lid 5g and bounces back, the period of the liquid 5b is disturbed, making it impossible to exhibit an appropriate damping effect. However, wave breakers 5h, 5h are installed on both sides of the liquid tank 5a in the wave motion direction, where the crest 5j of the wave 5i occurs, and when the wave 5i hits the wave breakers 5h, the wave 5
i flows in a dispersed form into the many holes of the porous member in the wave absorbing device 5h, and its energy is effectively absorbed, and waves are generated by bounce that disrupts the wave cycle in the tank. There's nothing wrong with that. Furthermore, it is also possible to prevent the lid 5g from being deformed due to excessive pressure being generated on the lid 5g due to the waves directly hitting the lid 5g. Therefore, the vibration absorbing operation by the vibration damping device 5 is performed smoothly.

In addition, although the above-mentioned embodiment described the case where the mesh 5c was used as a damping member provided in the liquid tank 5a, as a damping member, as long as it can attenuate the vibration of the liquid 5b in the liquid tank 5a,
For example, the mesh 5c can be placed in the form or shape of the mesh 5c.
As shown in the figure and FIG. 6, a plurality of liquid tanks 5a may be installed so as to be partitioned in the vertical direction of FIG. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 15, it is of course possible to provide the meshes 5c in a suitable combination in the vertical and horizontal directions of the liquid tank 5a.

In addition to the mesh 5c, for example, as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG.
A partition wall 5d is provided in the wave direction b, that is, in the horizontal direction in the figure (the wave water surface 5f is divided into a plurality of parts), and a large number of protrusions 5e are provided on the partition wall 5d in a shape that matches the vibration form of the liquid 5b. (That is, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, the central part may be recessed), and the vibration of the liquid 5b may be attenuated by the viscous resistance generated between the protrusion 5e and the liquid 5b. It is possible. Further, a material in the form of steel chips, a plastic molded product, or the like may be installed as a damping member in the liquid tank 5a.

Furthermore, the manner in which the damping device 5 is arranged can be appropriately selected depending on the location and the required damping performance. That is, since the wave motion of the liquid 5b occurs in the longitudinal direction of each vibration damping device 5, the wave water surface 5 of each vibration damping device 5
The main body 1c that should absorb the vibration in the longitudinal direction WD of f
By installing the vibration damping devices 5 in at least two horizontal directions, the shaking acts on each vibration damping device 5 in a form that is separated into at least two directions, and a large vibration damping effect can be exerted. For example, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a plurality of vibration damping devices 5 may be arranged so that the longitudinal direction WD, which is the wave formation direction of the wave water surface 5f, faces in two horizontal directions that are orthogonal to each other. It is possible. By doing so, it has become possible to effectively absorb the shaking that occurs in the main body 1c in two horizontal and right angle directions. Furthermore, as an installation mode of the vibration damping device 5, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 14,
It is also possible to arrange a large number of vibration damping devices 5 along the outer wall 1a of the main body 1c (in the case of FIG. 14, they are also arranged in the center of the main body 1c),
In such a case, even if there is existing equipment such as an elevator machine room on the top 1d of the main body 1c, it becomes possible to install the vibration damping device 5 in a manner that avoids such existing equipment, and further improves the structure of the building space. It also becomes possible to use it effectively. Further, in the case of the building main body 1c having a circular planar shape, a large number of vibration damping devices 5 may be arranged along the circular outer wall 1a, as shown in FIG. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 13, it is naturally possible to arrange the damping devices 5 radially. Furthermore, by arranging the vibration damping device 5 along the outer wall 1a of the main body 1c where the amplitude increases, it is possible to significantly enhance the vibration damping effect.

Note that the amount of the liquid 5b in the liquid 5a in the liquid tank 5a is such that the free water weight that contributes to rocking is 0.5 to 2% of the weight of the structure body 1c (the larger the free water weight is, the higher the vibration damping effect is). ), the damping effect can be achieved when the damping constant of the damping member is about 2 to 10%.

Further, in the above embodiment, the wave absorbing device 5h is provided on both sides of the liquid tank 5a in the wave direction WD, but the wave absorbing device 5h can prevent the liquid from rebounding from the lid 5g. Of course, it is also possible to provide it not only on both sides of the liquid tank 5a but also on the entire upper surface or side wall of the liquid tank 5a.

Furthermore, by using an existing elevated water tank, etc., and installing the resistance members such as the wave dissipating device 5h and the mesh 5c in the water tank, it becomes possible to utilize the elevated water tank as the vibration damping device 5. It is also extremely easy to apply to existing structures.

(g) Effect of the invention As explained above, according to the present invention, in a seismic isolation structure having a foundation 1b and a main body elastically supported on the foundation via the seismic isolation device 7, , one or more vibration damping devices 5 are provided on the upper part of the main body, and the vibration damping device has a liquid tank 5a having a flat planar shape and having a longitudinal direction in the swinging direction, A mesh 5c is injected into the tank to form an open liquid surface such as a wave water surface 5f inside the liquid that oscillates in synchronization with the vibration of the main body, and damps the oscillation of the liquid into the liquid tank. , a damping member such as a protrusion 5e is provided, and a lid body 5g is provided on the upper part of the liquid tank.
A lid such as the above is provided, and porous holes formed in a block shape are provided on both sides of the upper part of the liquid tank in the swinging direction, so that the liquid can disperse and flow into the tank during swinging to prevent the liquid from rebounding from the lid. Since the wave absorbing device 5h made of a solid material is provided, the vibration of the structure main body 1c caused by the seismic isolation device 7 during an earthquake is effectively suppressed by the vibration of the liquid 5b in each vibration damping device 5. It is possible to attenuate it to In addition, since the vibration damping device 5 has a structure that does not include mechanically movable parts such as the liquid tank 5a and the liquid 5b, it has reliability over time compared to a mechanical vibration damping mechanism, and also has maintenance and inspection. can be done easily.

In addition, since the lid is provided on the top of the liquid tank, it prevents the liquid inside from evaporating or scattering to the outside when vibrations are generated.
The amount of liquid inside the liquid tank can always be kept constant, and the oscillation period of the liquid can always match the vibration period of the main body, making it possible to maintain appropriate vibration damping performance over a long period of time. becomes.

Furthermore, even if large-amplitude oscillations occur in the liquid tank, the wave dissipating device disperses the oscillations into the porous member and absorbs its energy, thereby preventing the liquid from directly colliding with the lid. It can be prevented. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the lid from being deformed due to the oscillating liquid colliding directly with the lid, or from causing the liquid that collides with the lid to bounce back and disrupting the oscillation period of the liquid, thereby reducing the generation of large oscillations. It is possible to provide a highly reliable vibration damping device that can sufficiently exhibit vibration damping performance even under such conditions.

Furthermore, in a seismic isolation structure having a foundation and a main body elastically supported on the foundation via a seismic isolation device, one or more vibration damping devices are provided on the upper part of the main body, and the The shaking device has a liquid tank having a rectangular planar shape, injects liquid into the liquid tank to form an open liquid surface in the liquid tank, and injects liquid into the liquid tank at least in the longitudinal center of the liquid tank. One or more plate-shaped meshes are installed vertically from the bottom of the liquid tank to above the open liquid surface, and a plurality of plate-shaped meshes are stacked vertically on both sides of the liquid tank in the longitudinal direction. After installing and configuring each,
It becomes possible to effectively attenuate vibrations of the structure main body 1c that occur through the seismic isolation device 7 during an earthquake by swinging the liquid in each vibration damping device. In addition, since the vibration damping device has a liquid tank and no mechanically moving parts due to liquid, it is more reliable over time than a mechanical vibration damping mechanism, and is easy to maintain and inspect. I can do it.

In addition, one or more plate-shaped meshes are installed vertically at least in the center of the liquid tank in the longitudinal direction, reaching from the bottom of the liquid tank to above the open liquid surface, and plates are installed on both sides of the liquid tank in the longitudinal direction. Since a plurality of shaped meshes were installed in a stacked manner in the vertical direction, the meshes had a shape perpendicular to the vertical direction, which is the flow direction of the liquid, on both longitudinal sides of the liquid tank in the direction of liquid swing. The damping effect of the mesh can be effectively exerted on the liquid. In addition, since the mesh installed in the center of the liquid tank is installed perpendicularly from the bottom of the liquid tank, it is also placed at right angles to the liquid flowing through that part.
Here too, the damping effect of the mesh can be effectively exerted on the liquid. In addition, Metsuyu is
Since it is plate-shaped, it occupies only a small area of the space in the liquid tank, and the majority of the area in the liquid tank can be secured as a space for injecting liquid and swinging the liquid. It is possible to secure sufficient damping ability for liquid and a sufficient amount of liquid for vibration damping operation without increasing the size of the liquid tank.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a seismic isolation structure according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of the arrangement of a vibration damping device, FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an example of a vibration damping device, and FIG. 4
The figure is a front sectional view of the vibration damping device shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a plan view showing another example of the vibration damping device, FIG. 6 is a front sectional view of the vibration damping device shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a front sectional view of the vibration damping device shown in FIG. 7, FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing another example of the arrangement of the vibration damping device, and FIG. 10 is a plan view showing another example of the damping device. FIG. 9 is a plan view, FIG. 11 is a plan view showing yet another example of the arrangement of the vibration damping device, FIG.
Figure 3 is a plan view showing yet another example of the arrangement of the damping device;
FIG. 14 is a plan view showing still another example of the arrangement of the vibration damping device, and FIG. 15 is a front sectional view showing still another example of the vibration damping device. 1... Seismic isolation structure, 1b... Foundation, 1c... Main body, 5... Vibration damping device, 5a... Liquid tank, 5b...
Liquid, 7... Seismic isolation device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A seismic isolation structure having a foundation and a main body elastically supported on the foundation via a seismic isolation device, including one or more vibration damping devices on the upper part of the main body. The vibration damping device has a liquid tank having a flat planar shape with a longitudinal direction in the swinging direction, and a liquid that vibrates in synchronization with the vibration of the main body is placed in the liquid tank. The liquid is injected so as to form an open liquid level inside, the liquid tank is provided with a damping member for damping the vibration of the liquid, a lid is provided on the upper part of the liquid tank, and furthermore, on both sides of the upper part of the liquid tank in the vibration direction, A seismic isolation structure comprising a wave dissipating device made of a porous member formed in a block shape and capable of preventing the liquid from rebounding from the lid by dispersing the liquid into the structure during vibration. 2. In a seismic isolation structure that has a foundation and a main body that is elastically supported on the foundation via a seismic isolation device, one or more vibration damping devices are provided on the upper part of the main body, and the vibration damping The device has a liquid tank having a rectangular planar shape, the liquid is injected into the liquid tank to form an open liquid surface inside the liquid tank, and a plate is provided at least in the center of the liquid tank in the longitudinal direction. At least one sheet-shaped mesh is installed vertically from the bottom of the liquid tank to the surface of the open liquid, and a plurality of plate-shaped meshes are stacked vertically on both sides of the liquid tank in the longitudinal direction. Seismic isolation structure installed and configured.