JPH0544484B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a wave absorbing and dissipating block.

BACKGROUND TECHNOLOGY Tetrapod (registered trademark) is commonly used as a conventional wave absorbing and dissipating block. It consists of a star-shaped concrete block with four protrusions forming an angle of 120 degrees with each other, and the embankment body is constructed by stacking multiple blocks.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in such conventional blocks, when waves collide with the blocks, energy is absorbed and waves are dissipated. The problem is that it reaches the land. Furthermore, the conventional blocks described above have the problem that the flow of water is inhibited, resulting in stagnation and the organic matter is likely to rot.

The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a wave absorbing and dissipating block that can prevent the generation of wave splashes, allow water to flow sufficiently, and has good manufacturability. That is.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the wave absorbing and dissipating blocks of the present invention are arranged in a horizontal direction from the outside of the bay to the inside of the bay, and can be stacked in multiples to construct an embankment body. A through hole extending from the outside of the bay to the inside of the bay is formed inside a columnar concrete block, and at least the end of the through hole outside the bay is made of a hardening material, and an inlet opening at the end face of the block is formed. A small diameter portion formed on the inner surface of the through hole on the back side of the suction port and having a smaller diameter than the through hole, and a connecting portion formed further on the back side of the small diameter portion and connecting the small diameter portion with the inner surface of the through hole. It is characterized by having the following.

Effect According to the above configuration, waves propagating from the outside of the bay toward the inside of the bay are guided from the suction port on the end face of the block to the small diameter part, then pass through the through hole after passing through the connection part. . At this time, the waves easily collide with the inner surface of the small diameter portion due to the action of the suction port, and are propagated into the interior of the through hole while being subjected to a wave-dissipating action. Inside the through-hole, the cross-sectional area of the passage is larger than that of the small-diameter portion, so that energy is absorbed and waves are dissipated reliably. Wave dissipation also occurs when waves collide with the inner surface of the through hole.

According to the above, the waves do not collide with the rigid body, but are dissipated while passing through the through hole, so the generation of wave splash is effectively prevented. Also,
As waves pass through the through hole, a water flow is generated inside the through hole, thereby preventing stagnation from occurring.

When manufacturing this wave dissipating block, for example, a through hole is formed by pouring concrete around a metal tube, and at least the outer end of the through hole is filled with a hardening material such as concrete or resin mortar. As a result, a suction port that opens at the end face of the block, a small diameter part smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole on the inner surface of the through hole on the back side, and a connection part with the inner surface of the through hole on the back side of the small diameter part. Therefore, it is possible to easily form a wave-dissipating hole whose cross-sectional shape changes along the length direction. The end of the through hole inside the bay may have the same structure as the outside end of the bay, or the open end of the through hole may be directly communicated with the inside of the bay.

Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. 1a, b and c show a first embodiment of a wave absorbing and dissipating block 1 according to the invention. Here, 2 is a block, which is made of concrete in the shape of a square prism. A cast iron tube 3 is embedded inside the block 2 and extends along the length of the block 2, and a through hole 4 is formed by the tube 3. The pipe body 3 has a socket 5 at the end outside the bay of the block 2, and an inlet 6 at the end inside the bay, and has a mortar lining layer 7 on its inner surface for corrosion prevention. It is formed.

A bellmouth-shaped suction port 9 is formed at the outer end of the tube body 3 by a hardening material such as concrete or resin mortar, and opens at the outer end surface 8 of the block 2.
Then, a small diameter part 10 smaller in diameter than the pipe 3 is formed on the inner surface of the pipe body 3 on the inner side of the bay than the suction port 9, and the small diameter part 10 and the inner surface of the pipe body 3 are smoothed on the inner surface of the pipe body 3 on the inner side of the bay than the small diameter part 10. A connecting portion 11 that is connected with an expanded diameter is formed.

The inner end of the tube 3, ie, the socket 6, is formed to have the same structure as the outer end. That is, a bellmouth-shaped discharge port 13 that opens at the end face 12 of the block 2 on the inner side of the bay and a pipe body 3 formed on the inner surface of the pipe body 3 on the outside of the bay side from the discharge port 13 are made of a hardening material such as concrete or resin mortar. A small-diameter portion 14 having a smaller diameter than the small-diameter portion 14 and a connecting portion 15 whose diameter smoothly increases from the small-diameter portion 14 toward the inner surface of the tube body 3 are formed on the outer side of the bay than the small-diameter portion 14 .

Since the concrete block 2 is formed into a square prism shape, its outer surface has four side surfaces 16,
17, 18, and 19 appear. one aspect 1
At both longitudinal ends of block 2 at 8,
A convex portion 20 having a constant height is formed over a certain range. This convex portion 20 is formed over the entire width of the side surface 18. A concave portion 21 corresponding to the convex portion 20 is formed on the side surface 16 located on the opposite side to the side surface 18 on which the convex portion 20 is formed, so that when a plurality of blocks 2 are arranged side by side, the adjacent blocks 2 The convex portion 20 and the concave portion 21 are configured to fit into each other. Similarly, on the side surface 17, there is a pair of protrusions 2 at the center of the block 2 in the length direction.
0, and a pair of recesses 21 are formed on the side surface 19 at corresponding positions. A pair of hanging anchors 22 are provided on the side surface 16 closer to the center than both the recesses 21.

When manufacturing the wave-dissipating block 1 shown in FIG. 1, the block 2 is formed by covering a pipe 3 of a predetermined length with a formwork and pouring concrete between the pipe 3 and the formwork. , Next, the mold tube 23a having the shape shown by the imaginary line,
It is inserted into the socket 5 and the socket 6 of the pipe body 3, filled with a hardening material such as concrete or resin mortar, and then opened at the outer end face 8 of the bay, the opening 9, the small diameter part 10 on the back side thereof, and the connection. A discharge port 13 that opens at the portion 11 and the bay inner end surface 12, a small diameter portion 14 on the back side thereof, and a connecting portion 15 can be formed. At this time, the end of the block 2 is formed of a curable material extending from the end of the tube 3, and an anchor bolt 24 is embedded in the extended connection location for reinforcement. Further, in the connecting portions 11 and 15, the material protrudes from the end of the mold tube 23a, so that the connecting portions 11 and 15 naturally have a curved cross-sectional shape as shown in the figure. In addition, when covering the tube body 3 with a formwork and pouring concrete as described above, at the same time, the mold tube 23a is inserted into the socket 5 and/or the socket 6 of the tube body 3, and the concrete is poured all at once. May be molded.

The cast iron surface of the pipe body 3 can also be anticorrosion-protected by zinc spraying or the like. Also, block 2
Because a metal tube 3 is embedded inside,
Although the block 2 can be reinforced by the tube 3, reinforcing bars can also be embedded in the block 2 if necessary.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a breakwater 25 as a breakwater body constructed by stacking a plurality of wave absorbing and dissipating blocks 1 vertically and horizontally. here 26
is a foundation part provided on the seabed, and the upper surface 27 of this foundation part 26 is formed to form an upward slope from the outer side 28 of the bay to the inner side 29 of the bay. The wave absorbing wave dissipating block 1 is stacked on top of the upper surface 27 of the base portion 26 and is similarly arranged to be inclined. In addition, when stacking, the convex portions 20 and concave portions 2 of adjacent wave absorbing and dissipating blocks 1 are
1 and are firmly connected by fitting them together. Above the wave absorption and dissipation block 1 at the top,
An upper mounting part 30 is disposed, and its upper surface 31 is formed horizontally so as to allow passage of people and the like.
There are also convex portions 20 on the upper portion 30 and the base portion 26.
and a recess 21 are formed so as to fit into the recess 21 and the projection 20 of the wave absorbing and dissipating block 1.

FIG. 5 is a view showing the inside or outside side of the breakwater 25 having a configuration similar to that shown in FIG. 4. As shown in the figure, the wave absorbing and dissipating blocks 1 are arranged and stacked to form a diamond shape when viewed from the end. By adopting such a stacked structure, stress in the vertical direction can be dispersed laterally, so that a breakwater 25 with excellent strength can be obtained.

When waves advance toward the breakwater 25 shown in FIG. It passes through the small diameter section 14 and reaches the inside of the bay 29. At this time, energy is absorbed and dissipated by collision with the small diameter portion 10 or the inner surface of the tube 3 or by a change in the cross-sectional area of the passage from the small diameter portion 10 toward the tube 3. Also, when the wave propagates from the small diameter portion 14 on the inside of the bay to the inside 29 of the bay, the passage cross-sectional area increases and wave dissipation is performed. In this way, the waves are dissipated while passing through the through hole 4, so it is possible to dissipate the waves while preventing the generation of wave splash. The small diameter portion 14 on the inside of the bay acts on waves returning from the inside 29 of the bay to the outside 28 of the bay in the same manner as the small diameter portion 10 on the outside of the bay. As waves pass through the through hole 4,
Water always flows inside the through hole 4, and stagnation is prevented from occurring. Further, by tilting the wave absorbing and dissipating block 1 as shown in FIG. 4, a water flow can be generated based on the tilt.

2a, b and 3 a, b show the second and third wave absorbing and dissipating blocks 1 according to the present invention.
This is an example of the following. In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the end surface 5a of the socket 5 of the tube 3 forms a part of the outer end surface 8 of the block 2, and hardened concrete, resin mortar, etc. is placed inside the tube 3. A bell-mouth-shaped suction port 9 that opens at the socket 5, a small-diameter portion 10 that is smaller in diameter than the pipe body 3 on the inside of the bay from the suction port 9, and a small-diameter portion on the inside of the bay from the small-diameter portion 10. 10 and the inner surface of the tubular body 3 are formed with a connecting portion 11 that smoothly expands in diameter and connects. Further, a protrusion 3a that protrudes radially inward is formed in a portion of the tubular body 3 corresponding to the location where the small diameter portion 10 is formed by pressing or the like, and the tubular body 3 and a curable material are combined. , these small diameter portions 10 are prevented from slipping out in the axial direction. Furthermore, the bay inner end of the tube body 3, that is, the insertion port 6
is formed in the same structure as the socket 5 at the outer end of the bay. However, the portion of the tubular body 3 corresponding to the small diameter portion 14 is not provided with a protrusion like the one on the socket 5 side. The rest of the structure is completely the same as the first embodiment shown in FIG.

In the third embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the end of the socket 5 of the tube 3 is expanded in diameter at the outer end of the tube 3, and concrete, resin mortar, etc. are formed inside the tube 3. Block 2 made of curable material
This constitutes an open end 9a of a bellmouth-shaped suction port 9 that opens at the outer end surface 8 of the bay. Further, the other structure including the inner end of the tube 3, that is, the insertion port 6, is completely the same as that of the second embodiment shown in FIG.

In the second and third embodiments described above, the end of the socket 5 of the tube body 3 can be formed thickly,
In this way, when a part of the bay outer end face 8 or the suction port 9 is constructed, sufficient strength can be maintained against collisions with ships and floating objects on the water surface.

Further, when manufacturing the wave absorbing and dissipating blocks 1 of the second and third embodiments, the tube body 3 of a predetermined length is covered with a formwork as in the first embodiment, and the tube body 3 and the formwork are connected. Concrete is poured between them to form the block 2, and then a tubular or round bar-shaped mold 23b as shown by imaginary lines in FIG. Filled with curable material, small diameter part 1
0, connection part 11 and discharge port 13, small diameter part 1
4. The connecting portion 15 can be formed. At this time, the suction port 9 is shaped into a predetermined shape. Note that when the tubular mold 23b is used, it does not necessarily have to be removed.

In the first to third embodiments described above, the pipe body 3
The inner end of the bay, that is, the outer end of the bay,
In other words, the discharge port 1 has almost the same structure as the socket 5 side.
3. Although the small-diameter portion 14 and the connecting portion 15 have been described, the opening end of the insertion port 6 may be simply opened to the inner side 29 of the bay.
Further, the small diameter portion 14 may be formed by forming a thick cylindrical body externally in advance, and after this cylindrical body is hardened, it may be inserted into the insertion port 6 and fixed.

Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible not only to perform wave dissipation well without generating wave splash while ensuring the flow of water, but also to improve productivity. A good wave absorption/dissipation block can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the wave absorbing and dissipating block according to the present invention, in which a is a plan view thereof, b is a cross-sectional view as seen from the front, c is a left end view thereof, and FIG. Embodiment 2 is shown in which a is a sectional view of the front view, b is a left end view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the third embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a breakwater constructed using the wave absorbing and dissipating blocks shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 2...Block, 3...Pipe body, 4...Through hole,
9... Suction port, 10... Small diameter part, 11... Connection part, 25... Breakwater (bank body), 28... Bay outside,
29... Inside the bay.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A through-hole extending from the outside of the bay to the inside of the bay is formed inside a columnar concrete block that is arranged in a horizontal direction from the outside of the bay to the inside of the bay and can be stacked in multiple blocks to construct an embankment body, and a suction port that is made of a curable material at least at the outer end of the through hole and opens at the end face of the block; a small diameter portion that is formed on the inner surface of the through hole on the inner side of the suction port and has a smaller diameter than the through hole; A wave absorbing wave dissipating block characterized in that a connecting portion is formed further back than the small diameter portion and connects the small diameter portion and the inner surface of the through hole.