JPH0538594Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to an improvement of a threshing device mounted on a combine harvester or the like.

PRIOR ART Conventionally, an air-type threshing device has been proposed in which compressed air is injected into the grain culm and the grain is threshed by the impact (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-42521, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-42520,
Utility Model No. 57-189332, etc.).

Problems that the invention aims to solve Air-type threshing equipment overcomes the disadvantages of conventional handling barrel-type threshing equipment installed in combine harvesters, etc. Although rice and wheat can be harvested with a single combine harvester by switching, In addition, it is unsuitable for threshing grains such as soybeans and requires a special harvester, the receiving net in the handling room is easily clogged even if the material is mainly rice, etc., and wet materials are easily clogged, and the large-diameter handling barrel provides the power for the entire machine. Adopting a new air injection system can eliminate the disadvantages such as most of the grain being removed, and the high-speed rotation of the handling cylinder easily damaging the grain to be harvested. However, sending the grains that have been threshed using only compressed air directly to the sorting section as in the past for sorting increases the burden on the sorting section and tends to reduce the sorting performance. The reality is that no pneumatic threshing machine that is sufficiently durable for practical use has yet been provided.

Means for Solving the Problems Therefore, the present invention provides a threshing device that injects compressed air into the grain culm and threshes the grain using the impact.
The threshing chamber that injects the compressed air is constructed in such a way that the tip side is lower than the stock base side, and the vertical interval gradually increases from the stock base side to the stock tip side, and the lower end of the slope is open, and the compressed air is The above-mentioned problems can be solved by constructing the grain so that it is injected from the stock side toward the ear tip, and by rotatably providing a processing cylinder for threshing at the front side of the threshing room in the direction of the compressed air jetting direction. That is.

Function The grains threshed in the threshing room by compressed air jets are automatically supplied to the processing cylinder by the wind pressure of the compressed air, and are further mechanically threshed and shredded into long straw in the processing cylinder. After that, it is sent to the next process such as a sorting section. By mechanically processing the threshed grains using the processing cylinder in this way, the sorting action in the next step can be performed satisfactorily.

Embodiment 1 is a feed chain, 2 is a pinching rail, 3 is a straw removal chain, 4 is an air-type threshing room, and 5 is a processing drum. The supplied grain culm a is separated into grains, etc. by compressed air, and the grains, straw waste, etc. separated from the grain culm a are sent to a processing cylinder 5 for processing, and then sorted in a sorting section 6. It's becoming like that.
Further, the waste culm after threshing is transported to the rear of the machine by a straw removal chain 3, and then falls downward from an opening 7, is shredded by a cutter 8, and is discharged outside the machine. 9 is a winch, 10 is a suction fan, 11
is the 1st spiral, 12 is the 2nd spiral, 13 is the stroke rack, 14 is the screening leakage net, 15 is the chaff sieve,
16 is a main sorting air passage, and 17 is a sub sorting air passage. Reference numeral 18 denotes a second product reduction cylinder, and the second product is lifted up and transferred in the second product reduction cylinder 18, and is returned to the processing cylinder 5 from the upper end discharge port 18a and reprocessed, and then transferred to the sorting section 6.
The sorting action is now performed again. 1
9 is a gear case.

By the way, as shown in FIG. 2, the threshing room 4 is
It is composed of an upper cover 4a that is installed obliquely from the attachment part 2a of the pinching rail 2 to the threshing side plate position A, and a lower cover 4b that is installed obliquely from the attachment part 2a of the feed chain 1 to the upper part of the sorting part 6. The threshing room 4 has a substantially fan-like shape in which the feed chain 1 side (stock side) is high and the back side (head side) is low, and the vertical distance gradually increases from the stock base side to the ear tip side. The side is an open part b. A plurality of air nozzles 20 are provided on the upper cover 4a and the lower cover 4b at appropriate intervals from the root side to the ear side in the culm direction of the grain culm a. 4
A processing chamber 21 is configured such that compressed air is injected into the threshing chamber 4, and a processing chamber 21 is formed by rotatably supporting the processing cylinder 5 on the extension side of the opening b, that is, on the front side of the threshing chamber 4 in the compressed air injection direction. It is provided. The illustrated example shows a configuration in which the processing chamber 21 and the processing cylinder 5 are disposed near the extension line of the lower cover 4b. Incidentally, the processing cylinder 5 may be rotated counterclockwise in FIGS. 2 and 4, or may be rotated in the opposite direction. When the processing cylinder 5 is rotated in the opposite direction,
Since the impact force of the processing teeth 5a on the ears of ears, long straws, etc. that are force-fed to the processing chamber 21 side becomes stronger, the processing effect is enhanced, so that the turning of ears of ears, etc. into single grains, and the long straws are further finely divided. encouraged. 5b is a grain cutting hook fixed to the processing barrel bottom plate 22, 6a is an upper cover of the sorting section 6, and 23 is an air nozzle assembly.

On the other hand, both upper and lower covers 4 on the grain culm entrance side of the threshing room 4
In each of a and 4b, an air nozzle 24 for preventing scattering at the entrance is provided in an air curtain type toward the inside of the threshing chamber 4 (see Fig. 3), thereby preventing grain from scattering at the entrance. Moreover, since the air injection direction is in a direction that promotes grain culm conveyance, problems such as ear lag are eliminated. In addition, an air nozzle 25 is provided on the exit side of the grain culm, also facing inward from the threshing chamber 4, to prevent grains from breaking off. Loss is prevented as much as possible. Furthermore, the second reduction cylinder 18
Air nozzles 27 and 28 are provided in the middle, near the discharge port 18a, and above the dust removal chamber 26, respectively, to prevent clogging of the second material reducing cylinder 18 and to smooth the dust removal function. However, it has become possible to work continuously without problems such as clogging (see Figure 1).

In the configuration as described above, when the grain culm a that has been pinched and conveyed by the feed chain 1 and the pinch rail 2 enters the threshing chamber 4, it is threshed by compressed air injected from the air nozzle 20. Since this compressed air is continuously injected from the stock side of the grain culm a toward the ear side, grains can be easily separated not only from rice and wheat but also from millet grains such as beans, millet, and kouriyan. In addition, even if the grain culm a has fallen down and is bent, it is stretched in the direction of the culm by pressure air, which prevents it from being separated, and even if it is wet material, it is separated by air injection, so there is no clogging of the receiving net. Coupled with the fact that there is no grain generation, there is no influence of any kind, and there is no chance of grain damage occurring due to the high-speed rotation of the handling drum. Furthermore, threshing room 4
Even if a thick layer of grain culms enters the inside, compressed air is injected in multiple stages from both the top and bottom, so there is no residual paddy, and even grains such as late ears can be harvested, reducing losses. In addition, the threshing room 4 to which compressed air is injected is
The tip side of the grain culm a is sloped lower than the stock side where the grain culm a is held, and the vertical interval on the stock base side is narrow and gradually becomes wider as it goes to the ear tip side, so the tip side of the grain culm a tends to spread out. The threshing action by pressure air is performed well, and the lower side of the threshing chamber 4 (lower cover 4
b) functions as a conveyance guide surface for grain culm a and a flow guide surface for threshing, so grain culm a in the threshing chamber 4
The grains are conveyed in an orderly manner without disturbing the conveying posture, the threshing grains flow smoothly to the processing cylinder 5 side, and the pressure air is blown from the stock side to the ear tip side. As a result, separated grains and the like are easily blown forward in the direction in which the pressure air is blown. Further, the compressed air injected into the threshing chamber 4 from the air nozzle 20 gives a threshing effect to the grain culm a, and then is directed toward the processing cylinder 5 along the slopes of the lower cover 4b and the upper cover of the threshing chamber 4. Therefore, the supply of the threshed grain to the processing cylinder 5 side is performed even more smoothly and quickly.

By the way, in the present invention, since the processing cylinder 5 for threshing is provided in front of the threshing chamber 4 in the compressed air injection direction, the threshing of grains, ear cuts, etc. can be done directly by pressure air, even if wet material is not removed. etc., it is reliably continuously fed to the processing chamber 21 side and mechanically processed by the rotation of the processing cylinder 5. Therefore, the formation of single grains such as ear breakage is further promoted, and
Long straw etc. are efficiently shredded. The threshed grains processed in the processing cylinder 5 are dispersed and blown onto the sorting section 6 by the pressure air from the injection nozzle 20 and the processing cylinder wind, so that the sorting action in the next step is carried out extremely well and smoothly. .

Effects of the invention As described above, the present invention provides a threshing device in which compressed air is injected into the grain culm and the grain is threshed by the impact. It is constructed in such a manner that the vertical interval gradually increases from the plant base side to the ear tip side, and the lower end of the slope is opened so that compressed air is injected from the stock base side toward the ear tip side. Since the processing cylinder for threshing grain is rotatably installed in the forward direction of the compressed air injection direction of the threshing room, the shape of the threshing room makes it easier for the tip of the grain culm to spread out (break apart), and the threshing effect by pressure air is improved. In addition, the compressed air can be directed toward the processing drum, which, together with the slanted arrangement of the threshing chamber, allows the threshing to be efficiently sent to the processing drum. Since it functions as a culm conveyance guide surface and a threshing flow guide surface, the conveyance action is performed in an orderly manner without disturbing the grain culm conveying posture in the threshing chamber, and the threshing grain flows smoothly toward the processing drum side. be able to. As a result, the adaptability to wet materials is greatly improved, and it can be used not only for rice and wheat but also for miscellaneous grains such as soybeans, and it eliminates the need for a separate means of transporting the threshed grains separated by compressed air. It is possible to reliably and directly supply the grain to the processing cylinder without any problems, and by performing mechanical processing using the processing cylinder against threshing by air injection, it is possible to always perform the sorting action in the next process well. Ta.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a side sectional view of a threshing machine equipped with the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional front view of the main parts, FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional side view of the threshing room, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the main parts. In the figure, a is the open part, b is the grain culm, 4 is the threshing room, and 4a
4b is the upper cover of the threshing room, 4b is the lower cover of the threshing room, 5 is the processing cylinder, 6 is the sorting section, 20 is the air nozzle, and 23 is the air nozzle assembly.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] In a threshing device that injects compressed air into grain culms and threshes the grain by its impact, the threshing chamber that injects the compressed air is arranged in an inclined manner such that the tip side is lower than the stock base side, and from the stock base side to the ear tip side. The structure is such that the vertical interval gradually increases over the course of the milling process, and the lower end of the slope is opened, and the compressed air is injected from the base of the stock toward the tips of the grains. A threshing device characterized in that a processing cylinder for processing grains is rotatably provided.