JPH05343042A - Heat insulating structure for high-temperature type battery - Google Patents
Heat insulating structure for high-temperature type batteryInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05343042A JPH05343042A JP4143087A JP14308792A JPH05343042A JP H05343042 A JPH05343042 A JP H05343042A JP 4143087 A JP4143087 A JP 4143087A JP 14308792 A JP14308792 A JP 14308792A JP H05343042 A JPH05343042 A JP H05343042A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- temperature type
- type battery
- heat insulation
- insulation box
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、真空断熱技術を利用し
た高温型電池の保温構造に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat insulating structure for a high temperature type battery using a vacuum heat insulating technique.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】最近、電気自動車用電源などに使用する
ことを目的として、ナトリウム−硫黄電池、ナトリウム
−金属塩化物電池、リチウム−硫化物電池などの高温型
二次電池が提供されている。これらは、いずれもエネル
ギ密度が高く、コンパクトに電気を蓄えられる特徴があ
るが、動作温度がそれぞれ約 350℃、 250℃、 450℃と
高温であるので、使用時には保温の必要があり、薄い断
熱層で放散熱量を極力抑制することが望まれている。さ
らに、電気自動車用電源として使用する場合には、軽量
かつ小型であることが要請される。2. Description of the Related Art Recently, high temperature secondary batteries such as sodium-sulfur batteries, sodium-metal chloride batteries and lithium-sulfide batteries have been provided for the purpose of being used as a power source for electric vehicles. All of these have a high energy density and can store electricity compactly, but since the operating temperatures are high at about 350 ° C, 250 ° C, and 450 ° C, respectively, it is necessary to keep them warm during use, and thin insulation It is desired to suppress the amount of heat dissipated in the layer as much as possible. Furthermore, when used as a power source for an electric vehicle, it is required to be lightweight and small.
【０００３】そこで、これらの要求を満たすために、図
５に示すような真空断熱箱１に所定数の高温型電池２を
収納して保温する構造が採用されている。この真空断熱
箱１は、金属製で、外箱３と内箱４との間に真空断熱層
５を形成し、真空断熱層５の端面をメンブレン６で密封
し、開口部７に断熱蓋８を設けている。真空断熱層５
は、その内部に断熱材９が充填されるとともに真空状態
に保持されている。In order to meet these requirements, therefore, a structure in which a predetermined number of high temperature type batteries 2 are housed in a vacuum heat insulating box 1 as shown in FIG. This vacuum heat insulating box 1 is made of metal, and a vacuum heat insulating layer 5 is formed between the outer box 3 and the inner box 4, the end surface of the vacuum heat insulating layer 5 is sealed with a membrane 6, and the opening 7 is covered with a heat insulating lid 8. Is provided. Vacuum insulation layer 5
Is filled with a heat insulating material 9 and is kept in a vacuum state.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、上記従来の保
温構造においては、真空断熱箱１のメンブレン６がヒー
トブリッジを形成するため、内部の熱が内箱４からメン
ブレン６を経由して外箱３に伝わり、放熱損失が大きい
という問題点がある。また、真空断熱箱１の内部にヒー
タなどを設置して、収納した高温型電池２を加熱しよう
とする場合に、各高温型電池２が必ずしも均一に加熱さ
れないという問題点もある。However, in the above conventional heat retaining structure, since the membrane 6 of the vacuum insulation box 1 forms a heat bridge, the internal heat passes from the inner box 4 through the membrane 6 to the outer box. Therefore, there is a problem that the heat radiation loss is large. In addition, when a heater or the like is installed inside the vacuum heat insulating box 1 to heat the stored high temperature type battery 2, there is a problem that each high temperature type battery 2 is not necessarily heated uniformly.
【０００５】そこで本発明はこのような問題点を解決
し、真空断熱技術を利用した高温型電池の保温の際の放
熱損失を小さくすることができるとともに、収容した高
温型電池の加熱を均一に行えるようにすることを目的と
する。Therefore, the present invention solves such a problem, can reduce the heat radiation loss when keeping the temperature of the high temperature type battery using the vacuum heat insulation technology, and can uniformly heat the high temperature type battery housed therein. The purpose is to be able to do it.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
本発明は、保温箱の内部に高温型電池を配置し、この高
温型電池の全外面を伝熱材により被包するとともに、こ
の伝熱材と前記保温箱との間に断熱材を充填し、前記保
温箱の内部を密閉して真空状態に保持したものである。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a high temperature type battery inside a heat insulation box, and encloses the entire outer surface of the high temperature type battery with a heat transfer material. A heat insulating material is filled between the heat material and the heat insulation box, and the inside of the heat insulation box is hermetically sealed and kept in a vacuum state.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】上記構成によると、保温箱に従来のメンブレン
のようなヒートブリッジを形成する個所が存在しないの
で、ヒートブリッジによる放熱損失が皆無となり、その
真空断熱性能が最大限に発揮される。保温箱が従来のよ
うな二重壁構造でないので、全体が軽量かつ小型にな
る。さらに伝熱材が高温型電池の全外面を被包するの
で、各高温型電池の加熱時および保温時の温度を均一化
するのみならず、この伝熱材が断熱材とともに高温型電
池の支持材および緩衝材としても役立つ。According to the above construction, since there is no portion in the heat insulation box where a heat bridge is formed unlike the conventional membrane, there is no heat loss due to the heat bridge, and the vacuum insulation performance is maximized. Since the heat insulation box does not have the double-wall structure as in the past, it is lightweight and compact as a whole. Furthermore, since the heat transfer material covers the entire outer surface of the high temperature type battery, not only the temperature of each high temperature type battery during heating and heat retention is made uniform, but this heat transfer material also supports the high temperature type battery together with the heat insulating material. Also serves as material and cushioning material.
【０００８】[0008]
【実施例】以下、本発明の一実施例を図１〜図４にもと
づいて説明する。本発明では、図１に示すように、保温
箱11の内部に高温型電池12が配置され、この高温型電池
12の周囲の全外面が断熱材13により被包され、この伝熱
材13と保温箱11との間に断熱材14が充填される。かつ保
温箱11の内部は密閉状態とされて真空状態に保持され
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, a high temperature type battery 12 is arranged inside a heat insulation box 11, and the high temperature type battery 12 is
The entire outer surface around 12 is covered with a heat insulating material 13, and a heat insulating material 14 is filled between the heat transfer material 13 and the heat insulating box 11. In addition, the inside of the heat insulation box 11 is hermetically sealed and kept in a vacuum state.
【０００９】図２はより具体的な実施例を示す。ここで
は、上面に開口部15を有する保温箱11の底部に密な断熱
材14を所定厚さに敷き詰め、断熱材14上に平板状のヒー
タ16を載置するとともに、保温箱11の側壁に熱電対など
の温度センサ17を設ける。次に、ヒータ16上に高温型電
池12を所定ピッチで複数個ずつ複数列に配置し、必要に
応じて直列、並列に結線を施す。次に、各高温型電池12
の全外面を伝熱材13により密に被包するとともに、伝熱
材13と保温箱11との間に断熱材14を密に充填して、高温
型電池12を固定する。最後に、保温箱11の開口部15を蓋
板18で密閉した後、保温箱11の内部を排気して、真空度
が10-1〜10-3Torr程度の真空状態に保持することによ
り、所定の断熱性能が得られる。FIG. 2 shows a more specific embodiment. Here, a dense heat insulating material 14 is spread to a predetermined thickness on the bottom of the heat insulating box 11 having an opening 15 on the upper surface, and a flat plate heater 16 is placed on the heat insulating material 14 and on the side wall of the heat insulating box 11. A temperature sensor 17 such as a thermocouple is provided. Next, a plurality of high temperature type batteries 12 are arranged on the heater 16 in a plurality of rows at a predetermined pitch, and if necessary, connected in series or in parallel. Next, each high temperature battery 12
The entire outer surface of (1) is densely covered with the heat transfer material (13), and the heat insulating material (14) is closely packed between the heat transfer material (13) and the heat insulation box (11) to fix the high temperature type battery (12). Finally, after closing the opening 15 of the heat insulating box 11 with the lid plate 18, the inside of the heat insulating box 11 is evacuated and the degree of vacuum is maintained at a vacuum state of about 10 -1 to 10 -3 Torr. A predetermined heat insulation performance is obtained.
【００１０】保温箱11は、ステンレス鋼板製としたが、
このような金属製に限らず合成樹脂製としたり、ガラス
などの窯業系材料で製作してもよい。伝熱材13には、比
較的熱伝導の良い無機系粒子、たとえば銅、アルミ、
鋼、鋳鉄などの金属粒子や、アルミナ、ジルコニヤ、炭
化珪素などのセラミック粒子や、金属粒子どうしの混合
体や、セラミック粒子どうしの混合体や、金属粒子とセ
ラミック粒子との混合体などが適しており、粒子の材
質、混合状態、粒径及び粒度分布により伝熱性能を調整
することができる。熱伝導を良くするには、粒径0.1 〜
３mmの密度の大きい粒子を用いるのが好ましい。本実施
例では、粒径１mmのアルミナ粒子を使用した。なお、図
示を省略したが、保温箱11の内部温度が過大になったと
きに放熱できるように、冷媒用ジャケットなどの放熱機
構を高温型電池12の近傍に設けておくことが好ましい。The heat insulation box 11 is made of stainless steel plate,
The material is not limited to such metal, but may be synthetic resin or may be made of ceramic material such as glass. The heat transfer material 13 includes inorganic particles having relatively good heat conductivity, such as copper and aluminum,
Suitable are metal particles such as steel and cast iron, ceramic particles such as alumina, zirconia, and silicon carbide, a mixture of metal particles, a mixture of ceramic particles, and a mixture of metal particles and ceramic particles. The heat transfer performance can be adjusted according to the material of the particles, the mixed state, the particle size and the particle size distribution. To improve heat conduction, the particle size should be 0.1-
Preference is given to using dense particles of 3 mm. In this example, alumina particles having a particle diameter of 1 mm were used. Although not shown, it is preferable to provide a heat dissipation mechanism such as a coolant jacket near the high temperature battery 12 so that heat can be dissipated when the internal temperature of the heat insulation box 11 becomes excessive.
【００１１】伝熱材13の他の実施例として、図３に示す
ように、金属ブロックに所定数の高温型電池12を収納す
る中空部19と放熱用冷媒通路20とを設けたものを使用し
てもよい。このように構成すると、きわめて伝熱性に優
れた構成とすることができる。As another embodiment of the heat transfer material 13, as shown in FIG. 3, a metal block provided with a hollow portion 19 for accommodating a predetermined number of high temperature type batteries 12 and a heat dissipation refrigerant passage 20 is used. You may. With this structure, it is possible to obtain a structure having extremely excellent heat conductivity.
【００１２】断熱材14には、無機系断熱材、たとえばガ
ラス繊維やミネラル繊維などの繊維、繊維をボートやマ
ットなどに成形したもの、シリカなどの多孔質の粉末な
どが適しており、ガラス繊維の場合は、繊維の直径を１
〜20μm 、かさ密度を0.2 〜0.3g/cm3とするのが良く、
またミネラル繊維の場合は繊維の直径を５〜８μm 、か
さ密度を0.3 〜0.4g/cm3とするのが良い。本実施例では
厚さ30mmの密なミネラル繊維マットを使用した。ただ
し、繊維を使用する場合には、伝熱の方向を考慮して、
熱流と直角方向に繊維を配向させる必要がある。ヒータ
16は、高温型電池12を加熱するためのもので、電気ヒー
タを使用しており、保温箱11の内部温度が設定範囲内に
入るように温度センサ17を用いて制御される。ヒータ16
への配線および温度センサ17が保温箱11の側壁を貫通す
る部分には特殊プラグ21を使用して、電気的絶縁および
気密を保持している。蓋板18は、図４(a) に示すよう
に、その全周を保温箱11と気密溶接するか、または図４
(b) 示すように、パッキン22を介してクランプ23により
保温箱11に接合する。Suitable as the heat insulating material 14 are inorganic heat insulating materials such as fibers such as glass fibers and mineral fibers, fibers formed into boats and mats, and porous powder such as silica. If the fiber diameter is 1
〜20μm, bulk density 0.2〜0.3g / cm 3
In the case of mineral fibers, the fiber diameter is preferably 5 to 8 μm and the bulk density is 0.3 to 0.4 g / cm 3 . In this example, a dense mineral fiber mat having a thickness of 30 mm was used. However, when using fibers, considering the direction of heat transfer,
It is necessary to orient the fibers perpendicular to the heat flow. heater
Reference numeral 16 is for heating the high temperature type battery 12, uses an electric heater, and is controlled using a temperature sensor 17 so that the internal temperature of the heat insulating box 11 falls within a set range. Heater 16
A special plug 21 is used in the portion where the wiring to the temperature sensor 17 and the temperature sensor 17 penetrate the side wall of the heat insulating box 11 to maintain electrical insulation and airtightness. As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the cover plate 18 is airtightly welded to the heat insulation box 11 over the entire circumference thereof, or as shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), it is joined to the heat insulation box 11 by the clamp 23 through the packing 22.
【００１３】上記のように構成してヒータ16に通電した
ところ、きわめて良好な保温特性が得られた。しかもヒ
ータ16が保温箱11の底部のみ設けられた構成であるにも
かかわらず、各高温型電池12を均一に加熱することがで
きた。また、伝熱材13が高温型電池12に直接密着してい
るが、アルミナ粒子のようなセラミック粒子は絶縁性が
高く、しかも保温箱11の内部が真空状態になっているの
で、電気的な短絡事故は起こらなかった。When the heater 16 having the above-described structure is energized, extremely good heat retention characteristics are obtained. Moreover, although the heater 16 is provided only on the bottom portion of the heat insulation box 11, each high temperature battery 12 can be uniformly heated. Further, the heat transfer material 13 is in direct contact with the high temperature type battery 12, but ceramic particles such as alumina particles have a high insulating property, and since the inside of the heat insulating box 11 is in a vacuum state, it is electrically No short circuit accident occurred.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明の効果】以上述べたように本発明によると、下記
のような効果を得ることができる。 (1) 保温箱には、従来のメンブレンのようなヒートブリ
ッジを形成する個所がないので、ヒートブリッジからの
放熱損失が皆無である。そのため、きわめて優れた保温
効果を発揮する。As described above, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. (1) Since there is no part that forms a heat bridge like a conventional membrane in the heat insulation box, there is no heat dissipation loss from the heat bridge. Therefore, it exerts an extremely excellent heat retaining effect.
【００１５】(2) 伝熱材は、高温型電池の全外面を被包
しているので、各高温型電池の加熱時および保温時の温
度を均一化できるのみならず、断熱材とともに、高温型
電池の支持材および緩衝材としても役立つ。このため、
自動車用の電源への利用に適する。(2) Since the heat transfer material covers the entire outer surface of the high-temperature type battery, not only can the temperature of each high-temperature type battery be heated and kept warm, but also the heat-insulating material and high temperature It also serves as a support and cushioning material for the battery. For this reason,
Suitable for use as a power source for automobiles.
【００１６】(3) 保温箱は、従来のような二重壁構造で
はなく、単純な一重壁構造となっているので、全体が軽
量かつ小形になるとともに、衝撃に強く、コストも低く
なる。(3) Since the heat-insulating box has a simple single-wall structure instead of the conventional double-wall structure, it is lightweight and compact as a whole, and it is resistant to impacts and costs low.
【００１７】(4) 保温箱には従来のメンブレンのような
強度上の弱点がないので、その寿命が長い。 (5) 高温型電池がたとえばナトリウム−硫黄電池のよう
なもので、万一保温箱内で破損した場合でも、真空状態
下で密封されているので、ナトリウムや硫黄などの危険
物が空気に触れて発火したり、外部に漏れ出すことがな
く、防災上きわめて安全である。(4) Since the heat-retaining box does not have the weakness in strength as in the conventional membrane, its life is long. (5) A high-temperature type battery is, for example, a sodium-sulfur battery, and even if it breaks in a heat-retaining box, it is sealed under vacuum, so dangerous substances such as sodium and sulfur come into contact with air. It is extremely safe for disaster prevention because it does not ignite or leak to the outside.
【図１】本発明の一実施例の高温型電池の保温構造の基
本的構成を示す断面図である。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a basic structure of a heat retaining structure of a high temperature battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】同保温構造の具体例にもとづく保温箱の断面図
である。FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a heat insulation box based on a specific example of the heat insulation structure.
【図３】本発明にもとづく伝熱材の他の例を示す一部切
欠き斜視図である。FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing another example of the heat transfer material according to the present invention.
【図４】図２に示す保温箱の蓋板の接合方法を示す部分
断面図である。FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a method of joining the cover plates of the heat insulation box shown in FIG.
【図５】従来の真空断熱箱の一例を示す断面図である。FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional vacuum insulation box.
１１ 保温箱 １２ 高温型電池 １３ 伝熱材 １４ 断熱材 11 Thermal insulation box 12 High temperature type battery 13 Heat transfer material 14 Thermal insulation material
Claims (1)
の高温型電池の全外面を伝熱材により被包するととも
に、この伝熱材と前記保温箱との間に断熱材を充填し、
前記保温箱の内部を密閉して真空状態に保持したことを
特徴とする高温型電池の保温構造。1. A high temperature battery is arranged inside a heat insulation box, and the entire outer surface of the high temperature battery is covered with a heat transfer material, and a heat insulating material is filled between the heat transfer material and the heat insulation box. Then
A heat-retaining structure for a high-temperature battery, characterized in that the inside of the heat-retaining box is hermetically sealed and kept in a vacuum state.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4143087A JPH05343042A (en) | 1992-06-04 | 1992-06-04 | Heat insulating structure for high-temperature type battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4143087A JPH05343042A (en) | 1992-06-04 | 1992-06-04 | Heat insulating structure for high-temperature type battery |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05343042A true JPH05343042A (en) | 1993-12-24 |
Family
ID=15330613
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4143087A Pending JPH05343042A (en) | 1992-06-04 | 1992-06-04 | Heat insulating structure for high-temperature type battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH05343042A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003223938A (en) * | 2002-01-30 | 2003-08-08 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Battery unit for vehicle |
| CN106450583A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-02-22 | 东莞威胜储能技术有限公司 | Liquid metal battery insulation box and temperature control method |
| CN107204409A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-09-26 | 东莞威胜储能技术有限公司 | A kind of incubator and energy storage device |
| US10270072B2 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2019-04-23 | General Electric Company | Rechargeable battery and method |
| JP2020087919A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2020-06-04 | 寧徳時代新能源科技股▲分▼有限公司Ｃｏｎｔｅｍｐｏｒａｒｙ Ａｍｐｅｒｅｘ Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ Ｃｏ．， Ｌｉｍｉｔｅｄ | Battery product |
-
1992
- 1992-06-04 JP JP4143087A patent/JPH05343042A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003223938A (en) * | 2002-01-30 | 2003-08-08 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Battery unit for vehicle |
| US10270072B2 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2019-04-23 | General Electric Company | Rechargeable battery and method |
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| JP2020087919A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2020-06-04 | 寧徳時代新能源科技股▲分▼有限公司Ｃｏｎｔｅｍｐｏｒａｒｙ Ａｍｐｅｒｅｘ Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ Ｃｏ．， Ｌｉｍｉｔｅｄ | Battery product |
| US11588263B2 (en) | 2018-11-14 | 2023-02-21 | Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited | Battery product |
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